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CN113514879A - 'ear' layer identification method - Google Patents

'ear' layer identification method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113514879A
CN113514879A CN202010272715.8A CN202010272715A CN113514879A CN 113514879 A CN113514879 A CN 113514879A CN 202010272715 A CN202010272715 A CN 202010272715A CN 113514879 A CN113514879 A CN 113514879A
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well
layer
ear
preset
depth range
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CN202010272715.8A
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CN113514879B (en
Inventor
杨豫晰
孙琦
杨凯
吴辉
尚庆录
周练武
王艳丽
孙海燕
雷传玲
徐思远
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/28Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
    • G01V1/30Analysis
    • G01V1/301Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/40Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V2210/00Details of seismic processing or analysis
    • G01V2210/60Analysis
    • G01V2210/61Analysis by combining or comparing a seismic data set with other data
    • G01V2210/616Data from specific type of measurement
    • G01V2210/6169Data from specific type of measurement using well-logging
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V2210/00Details of seismic processing or analysis
    • G01V2210/60Analysis
    • G01V2210/64Geostructures, e.g. in 3D data cubes
    • G01V2210/643Horizon tracking
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/30Assessment of water resources

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  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses an ear layer identification method, which comprises the following steps: determining a standard well in a plurality of known wells and a marker layer of each well in the plurality of known wells within a preset well depth range according to the logging information of the area to be researched; obtaining a stratum skeleton section according to a standard well in a plurality of known wells and a mark layer of each well in the plurality of known wells within a preset well depth range; obtaining the number of interlayers of the standard well in a preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer according to seismic data and a stratum skeleton profile of an area to be researched; and determining the position of the ear layer of the standard well in the preset well depth range according to the number of the interlayers of the standard well in the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer. The method is not required to be realized in the operation process, only the logging data and the seismic data of the area to be researched are required to be utilized, the identification of the 'ear' layer can be realized under the condition of low investment, and the method is convenient for scale popularization.

Description

'ear' layer identification method
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, in particular to an ear layer identification method.
Background
The 'ear' layer is a hidden oil-gas layer, generally located on the top of a thick oil layer, most of such reservoirs are in weak hydrodynamic force or the pinch-out direction of sand bodies during deposition, so that the lithology is thin, the mud quality is heavy, the upper surrounding rock and the lower surrounding rock can influence the logging response, the resistivity value of the reservoirs is usually much lower than that of the oil layer with the larger thickness, and meanwhile, the reservoirs are influenced by the vertical resolution of a logging instrument, are usually interpreted as dry layers or water layers in the logging and explaining processes, and even are not recognized as effective reservoirs, so that a large amount of oil-gas resources are omitted. With the continuous deepening of exploration and development, the low-resistivity reservoir is gradually an increasing potential area of reserves and production, and the development practice in recent years also proves that the low-resistivity hydrocarbon reservoir has considerable reserves and production.
At present, the method for identifying the ear layer is mainly a high-resolution well logging method, namely, a high-resolution well logging instrument is used for identifying the ear layer in the operation process. However, the method needs to be carried out in cooperation with operation, and the risk of pipe column clamping, well falling and the like is possibly caused due to the fact that the pipe column needs to be lifted and placed in the operation, so that the investment is high, the economic benefit is poor, the scale popularization difficulty is high, and the universality is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides an "ear" layer identification method, which can realize identification of an "ear" layer at a low investment, and is convenient for scale popularization.
Specifically, the method comprises the following technical scheme:
the application provides an 'ear' layer identification method, which comprises the following steps:
determining a standard well in a plurality of known wells and a marker layer of each well in the plurality of known wells within a preset well depth range according to the logging information of the area to be researched;
obtaining a stratum skeleton section according to a standard well in the plurality of known wells and a mark layer of each well in the plurality of known wells within a preset well depth range;
obtaining the number of interlayers of the standard well in a preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer according to seismic data of an area to be researched and the stratum skeleton profile;
and determining the position of the ear layer of the standard well in the preset well depth range according to the number of the interlayers of the standard well in the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer.
In one possible implementation, the determining a standard well of the plurality of known wells from the well log data of the area to be studied includes:
obtaining a logging curve of each well in the plurality of known wells according to the logging information of the area to be researched;
and determining the well with the deposition cycle rule in the log as the standard well according to the log of each well in the plurality of known wells.
In one possible implementation, the marker layer is a shale layer.
In one possible implementation, the determining, according to the well log data of the area to be studied, a marker layer of each well of the plurality of known wells within a preset well depth range includes:
and determining the critical thickness of each well in a preset well depth range to be more than 10m, the value of the natural potential in the critical thickness to be less than a first threshold value, and the value of the resistivity to be less than a second threshold value as a mark layer of each well in the preset well depth range.
In one possible implementation, the stratigraphic framework section comprises a stratigraphic framework longitudinal section and a stratigraphic framework cross section;
the number of the longitudinal sections of the stratum framework is at least three, and the number of the cross sections of the stratum framework is at least three.
In one possible implementation, the obtaining the stratigraphic framework profile according to the standard well of the plurality of known wells and the marker layer of each well of the plurality of known wells within the preset well depth range includes:
determining a communication relation between rock stratums with the same lithology between two adjacent wells according to the mark layer of each well in the plurality of known wells within the preset well depth range;
and obtaining the stratum skeleton profile by taking a standard well in the plurality of known wells as a center according to the communication relation between rock stratums with the same lithology between the two adjacent wells.
In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining, according to the seismic data of the area to be studied and the stratigraphic framework profile, the number of interlayers of the standard well within a preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer includes:
obtaining a seismic section according to the seismic data of the area to be researched;
determining the attribute of each horizon in the stratigraphic framework section according to the seismic section and the stratigraphic framework section;
and determining the number of interlayers of the standard well in a preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer according to the attribute of each layer in the stratum skeleton profile.
In a possible implementation manner, after obtaining the number of interlayers of the standard well within a preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer according to the seismic data of the area to be researched and the stratigraphic framework profile, the method further includes:
and determining the thickness of each interlayer and each oil layer in the preset well depth range of the standard well according to the characteristics of the interlayers, the characteristics of the oil layers and the stratum skeleton profile.
In a possible implementation manner, the determining, according to the number of interlayers of the standard well within a preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer, the position of an "ear" layer of the standard well within the preset well depth range includes:
and determining the position of the ear layer of the standard well in the preset well depth range according to the interlayer of the standard well on the upper part of the oil layer in the preset well depth range and the oil layers.
In a possible implementation manner, after determining the position of the "ear" layer of the standard well within the preset well depth range according to the number of the interlayers of the standard well within the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer, the method further includes:
if the lithologic influence value of the ear layer is greater than 5/8, the ear layer has development potential;
if the lithologic impact value of the "ear" layer is less than 5/8, the "ear" layer has no development potential.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that at least:
determining a standard well in a plurality of known wells and a mark layer of each well in the plurality of known wells within a preset well depth range according to the logging information of the area to be researched; obtaining a stratum skeleton section according to a standard well in a plurality of known wells and a mark layer of each well in the plurality of known wells within a preset well depth range; obtaining the number of interlayers and the depth position of the interlayers of the standard well in a preset well depth range according to seismic data and a stratum skeleton profile of an area to be researched; and determining the position of the ear layer of the standard well in the preset well depth range according to the number of the interlayers of the standard well in the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer, so that the identification of the position of the ear layer is realized. The method is not required to be realized in the operation process, only the logging data and the seismic data of the area to be researched are required to be utilized, the identification of the 'ear' layer can be realized under the condition of low investment, and the method is convenient for scale popularization.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method of "ear" layer identification in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating another "ear" layer identification method in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a method for "ear" layer identification in which a standard well of a plurality of known wells is determined from well log data for an area to be investigated, according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a method for "ear" layer identification in which a stratigraphic framework profile is derived from a standard well of a plurality of known wells and a marker layer of each well of the plurality of known wells within a predetermined well range, according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a stratigraphic framework in an "ear" layer identification method, according to an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an "ear" layer identification method according to an exemplary embodiment, in which the number of interbeds of a standard well within a preset well depth range and the depth position of each interbed are obtained according to seismic data and a stratigraphic framework profile of an area to be studied.
With the above figures, there are shown specific embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and written description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concepts in any manner, but rather to illustrate the inventive concepts to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
Before the embodiments of the present application are described in further detail, the terms of orientation, such as "upper" and "lower", in the embodiments of the present application are used only to clearly describe the internal structure of the stratigraphic framework cross section in the "ear" layer identification method in the embodiments of the present application, with reference to the orientation shown in fig. 3, and do not have a meaning of limiting the scope of the present application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical terms used in the examples of the present application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Before further detailed description of the embodiments of the application, some terms used in understanding the examples of the application are explained.
In the embodiments of the present application, the logging, also referred to as geophysical logging, is a method for measuring geophysical parameters by using geophysical properties such as electrochemical properties, electrical conductivity properties, acoustic properties, radioactivity, etc. of a rock formation, and belongs to one of the methods for applying geophysical methods.
During petroleum drilling, logging is required after the well is drilled to a designed depth, namely well completion electrical logging, so as to obtain various petroleum geology and engineering technical data as original data of well completion and oil field development, and the logging is conventionally called open hole logging. The second series of logs performed after completion of the casing in the well is traditionally called production or development logs, where the development of production logs generally goes through four stages, analog, digital, numerical, and imaging.
The logging information involved includes various types of logs, such as acoustic, density, resistivity, natural potential, natural gamma, caliper, compensated neutrons, and corresponding images of dip, full-wavetrain, imaging, etc. The logging information has good vertical resolution and depth control, and provides accurate values of reservoir parameters such as hydrocarbon, water saturation, porosity, permeability, sand, shale content and the like of the reservoir unit.
The related seismic data can realize section interpretation and structural interpretation by researching the propagation condition of artificially excited seismic waves in the stratum, and can predict the reservoir and detect the oil-gas-bearing property.
Reference to an "ear" layer is a reservoir at the top of a thick oil layer with a resistivity ratio to a pure water layer of less than 2 within the same oil-water system. An interlayer exists between the reservoir and the thick oil layer below the reservoir, and the reservoir, the interlayer and the thick oil layer form a resistivity curve shape like an ear together, so that the reservoir is called as an ear layer.
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will describe the embodiments of the present application in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the related art, because the 'ear' layer is not connected with the thick oil layer, the 'ear' layer belongs to a hidden oil-gas layer, the resistivity of the 'ear' layer is usually much lower than that of the oil layer with larger thickness, and is influenced by the vertical resolution of a logging instrument, the reservoir is usually interpreted as a dry layer or a water layer in the logging interpretation process, even sometimes is not recognized as an effective reservoir, and a large amount of oil-gas resources are omitted. With the continuous deepening of exploration and development, the low-resistivity reservoir gradually becomes an increasing potential area of reserves and production, and the development practice in recent years also proves that the low-resistivity hydrocarbon reservoir has objective reserves and production. The existing method for identifying the ear layer is mainly a high-resolution well logging method, and the ear layer can be identified in the operation process. However, the method needs to be carried out in cooperation with operation, and the tubular column needs to be lifted and placed in the operation process, so that risks of tubular column clamping, well falling and the like are possibly caused, the investment is high, the economic benefit is poor, and the scale popularization difficulty is high.
In order to solve the problems of high investment, poor economic benefit and large scale popularization difficulty in the existing identification method of the 'ear' layer, the embodiment of the application provides an 'ear' layer identification method, and fig. 1 shows a flow chart of the 'ear' layer identification method provided by an exemplary embodiment, and the 'ear' layer identification method comprises the following steps.
In step 101, a standard well of a plurality of known wells and a marker layer of each well of the plurality of known wells within a preset well depth range are determined according to the log information of the area to be researched.
In step 102, a stratigraphic framework profile is obtained according to a standard well of the plurality of known wells and a marker layer of each well of the plurality of known wells within a preset well depth range.
In step 103, the number of interlayers of the standard well in the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer are obtained according to the seismic data and the stratigraphic framework profile of the area to be researched.
In step 104, the position of the ear layer of the standard well in the preset well depth range is determined according to the number of the interlayers of the standard well in the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer.
The ear layer identification method provided by the embodiment of the application determines a standard well in a plurality of known wells and a mark layer of each well in the plurality of known wells in a preset well depth range according to the logging information of an area to be researched; obtaining a stratum skeleton section according to a standard well in a plurality of known wells and a mark layer of each well in the plurality of known wells within a preset well depth range; obtaining the number of interlayers and the depth position of the interlayers of the standard well in a preset well depth range according to seismic data and a stratum skeleton profile of an area to be researched; and determining the position of the ear layer of the standard well in the preset well depth range according to the number of the interlayers of the standard well in the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer, so that the identification of the position of the ear layer is realized. The method is not required to be realized in the operation process, only the logging data and the seismic data of the area to be researched are required to be utilized, the identification of the 'ear' layer can be realized under the condition of low investment, and the method is convenient for scale popularization.
Wherein determining a standard well of the plurality of known wells based on the well log data for the area under study comprises:
obtaining a logging curve of each well in a plurality of known wells according to logging information of an area to be researched;
and determining the well with the deposition cycle law in the log as a standard well according to the log of each well in the plurality of known wells.
Wherein, the sign layer is a mud rock layer.
Wherein determining the marker layer of each of the plurality of known wells within the preset well depth range according to the logging information of the area to be studied comprises:
and determining the critical thickness of each well in the preset well depth range to be more than 10m, the value of the natural potential in the critical thickness to be less than a first threshold value, and the value of the resistivity to be less than a second threshold value as a mark layer of each well in the preset well depth range.
The stratum framework section comprises a stratum framework longitudinal section and a stratum framework cross section;
the number of the longitudinal sections of the stratum skeleton is at least three, and the number of the cross sections of the stratum skeleton is at least three.
Wherein, according to the standard well in a plurality of known wells and the marker layer of each well in a plurality of known wells in the preset well depth range, obtaining the stratigraphic framework profile comprises the following steps:
determining a communication relation between rock stratums with the same lithology between two adjacent wells according to a mark layer of each well in a plurality of known wells within a preset well depth range;
and according to the communication relation between rock stratums with the same lithology between two adjacent wells, taking a standard well in a plurality of known wells as a center to obtain a stratum skeleton section.
Wherein, according to the seismic data and the stratum skeleton section of the region of waiting to study, obtain the number of the intermediate layer of standard well in predetermineeing the well depth within range and the degree of depth position of every intermediate layer and include:
obtaining a seismic section according to seismic data of an area to be researched;
determining the attribute of each horizon in the stratigraphic framework section according to the seismic section and the stratigraphic framework section;
and determining the number of interlayers of the standard well in a preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer according to the attribute of each layer in the stratum skeleton profile.
After the number of interlayers of the standard well in a preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer are obtained according to seismic data and a stratum skeleton section of an area to be researched, the method further comprises the following steps:
and determining the thickness of each interlayer and each oil layer in the preset well depth range of the standard well according to the characteristics of the interlayers, the characteristics of the oil layers and the stratum framework section.
Wherein, according to the number of the interlinings of the standard well in the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlining, determining the position of the 'ear' layer of the standard well in the preset well depth range comprises:
and determining the position of an ear layer in the preset well depth range of the standard well according to the interlayer positioned at the upper part of the oil layer in the preset well depth range of the standard well and the plurality of oil layers.
After determining the position of the ear layer of the standard well in the preset well depth range according to the number of the interlayers of the standard well in the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer, the method further comprises the following steps:
if the lithologic influence value of the ear layer is larger than 5/8, the ear layer has development potential;
if the lithologic impact value of the "ear" layer is less than 5/8, the "ear" layer has no development potential.
Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of an "ear" layer identification method provided by an exemplary embodiment. The method comprises steps 201 to 206. The individual steps of the "ear" layer identification method are described in detail below.
In step 201, a standard well of a plurality of known wells and a marker layer of each well of the plurality of known wells within a preset well depth range are determined according to the log information of the area to be researched.
Wherein, the standard well is the well to be researched.
As shown in fig. 3, determining a standard well of the plurality of known wells based on the well log data of the area under study may comprise the sub-steps of:
in step 2011, a log for each of a plurality of known wells is obtained based on the log data for the area under study.
In step 2012, a well having a depositional discipline in the log is determined as a standard well based on the log for each of a plurality of known wells.
It should be noted that in depositional geology, the depositional cycle indicates that rocks of a plurality of similar lithofacies regularly and periodically repeat on a vertical stratigraphic section. After the well log of each well in a plurality of known wells is obtained, the well log of each well can be input into the deposition cycle law determining software one by one, the well with the deposition cycle law on the well log is determined by the software, and the well is determined as a standard well.
If the well logging curves of at least two of the known wells have the deposition cycle rule, selecting the well with the complete stratum sequence as a standard well when one stratum sequence of the at least two wells is complete and one stratum sequence of the at least two wells is incomplete; when the stratigraphic sequence is complete for both of the at least two wells, then one well can be arbitrarily selected as the standard well.
In one possible implementation, the marker layer is a shale layer, which is easy to distinguish.
Determining the marker layer of each of the plurality of known wells within the predetermined well depth range according to the well log data of the area to be studied may include:
and determining the critical thickness of each well in the preset well depth range to be more than 10m, the value of the natural potential in the critical thickness to be less than a first threshold value, and the value of the resistivity to be less than a second threshold value as a mark layer of each well in the preset well depth range.
It is understood that the marker layer requires lithology, obvious electrical characteristics and stable distribution.
The natural potential value is between zero and a first threshold value, and the resistivity value is between zero and a second threshold value. The values of the first threshold and the second threshold are determined according to well logs of a plurality of known wells in the area to be studied.
Further, in order to determine the reservoir section of each well within the preset well depth range, an auxiliary marker layer of each well in a plurality of known wells within the preset well depth range can be determined according to the logging information of the region to be researched, wherein the auxiliary marker layer is located at the lower part of the marker layer, the critical thickness of the auxiliary marker layer within the preset well depth range can be larger than 5m, the value of the natural potential within the critical thickness is smaller than a first threshold value, and the value of the resistivity is smaller than a second threshold value.
In step 202, a stratigraphic framework profile is obtained based on the standard well of the plurality of known wells and the marker layers of each well of the plurality of known wells within the predetermined well range.
As shown in fig. 4, this step may include the following sub-steps:
in step 2021, a connectivity relationship between rock formations having the same lithology between two adjacent wells is determined based on the marker layers of each of the plurality of known wells within the predetermined well depth.
In order to determine the well-to-well communication relationship among a plurality of known wells in the area to be studied, the method can be realized by setting a mark layer in a preset well depth range for each well in the plurality of known wells. When the mark layer of each well in the preset well depth range is determined, the mark layers between two adjacent wells correspond to each other, and then the communication relation between the wells can be determined according to the small layer number in the logging curve.
In step 2022, a stratigraphic framework profile is obtained based on the connectivity between rock formations having the same lithology between two adjacent wells, centered on a standard well of the plurality of known wells.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a stratigraphic framework in an "ear" layer identification method according to an exemplary embodiment, in which the port 3 well is a standard well and the corresponding marker layers are labeled in the port 2 well and the port 3 well. The logging curve of each well sequentially comprises a natural potential curve, a small layer and a resistivity curve from left to right, wherein the natural potential curve can reflect lithology, if the natural potential curve of one section is more straight, the section is indicated to be mudstone, and if the natural potential curve of one section shows more protrusions, the section is indicated to be sandstone; the resistivity curve may reflect the hydrocarbon content, and if the resistivity curve of a segment is more prominent, the segment is indicated to contain hydrocarbon.
Further, the stratigraphic framework section comprises a stratigraphic framework longitudinal section and a stratigraphic framework cross section.
In terms of number, the number of longitudinal sections of the stratum skeleton can be at least three, and the number of transverse sections of the stratum skeleton can be at least three.
In step 203, the number of interlayers of the standard well in the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer are obtained according to the seismic data and the stratigraphic framework profile of the area to be researched.
As shown in fig. 6, this step specifically includes the following substeps:
in step 2031, a seismic section is obtained from the seismic data for the area to be studied.
In step 2032, an attribute of each horizon in the stratigraphic framework section is determined from the seismic section and the stratigraphic framework section.
The same section as the section represented by the stratigraphic framework section can be selected for comparison, and the attribute of each layer in the stratigraphic framework section is determined by judging whether the attribute represented by the amplitude value of each layer of the seismic section is consistent with the attribute represented by the amplitude value of the layer corresponding to the stratigraphic framework section. It can be understood that in the seismic section, different lithologic intervals have different amplitude values, and lithology can be judged through the amplitude values; in the stratum skeleton section, different lithologic intervals also have different amplitude values, and the lithology can be judged through the amplitude values. And when the attribute represented by the amplitude value of each interval of the seismic profile is consistent with the attribute represented by the amplitude value of the corresponding interval of the stratigraphic framework profile, determining the attribute of each layer in the stratigraphic framework profile. When the attribute represented by the amplitude value of a certain interval in the seismic profile is inconsistent with the attribute represented by the amplitude value of the interval corresponding to the stratigraphic framework profile, further analysis and judgment need to be carried out by combining with other stratigraphic framework profiles so as to determine the attribute represented by the interval.
At 2033, the number of interlayers of the standard well in the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer are determined according to the attribute of each layer in the stratigraphic framework profile.
Wherein, when the standard well and the adjacent well can be transversely compared, the interlayer can be considered to be developed in a connected manner; when the standard well is not laterally contrastable with the adjacent well, the sandwich is considered to develop unlanded.
In step 204, the thickness of each interlayer and each oil layer in the preset well depth range of the standard well is determined according to the characteristics of the interlayer, the characteristics of the oil layer and the stratum skeleton profile.
The characteristics of the interlayer and the characteristics of the oil layer refer to the characteristics of the interlayer and the oil layer in a logging curve, and are specifically shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 characteristics of the reservoirs in the log
Name of curve Resistance (RC) Acoustic waves Density of Natural potential Natural gamma Hole diameter Neutron gamma Distribution characteristics
Oil layer High value Median value Median value Abnormality (S) Low value Low value Median value Stability of
Gas layer High value Cycle skip Lower than the oil layer Abnormality (S) Low value Low value High value Stability of
Aqueous layer Is relatively high Median value Median value Abnormality (S) Low value Low value Median value Stability of
Mud rock layer Low value High value High value Base value High value High value Low value Stability of
Calcareous layer High value Low value High value Return Low value High value High value Randomness property
Sandwich layer Low value of return Low value of return High value return Return High value return High value return High value return Stability of
In step 205, the position of the "ear" layer of the standard well within the preset well depth range is determined according to the number of the interlayers of the standard well within the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer.
Wherein, this step can include:
and determining the position of the ear layer of the standard well in the preset well depth range according to the interlayer of the standard well on the upper part of the oil layer in the preset well depth range and the oil layers.
According to the definition of the 'ear' layer, the 'ear' layer is a low-resistance oil-gas layer positioned on the top of a thick oil layer, and an interlayer exists between the 'ear' layer and the thick oil layer. Here, determining the interlayer of the standard well above the oil layer and the plurality of oil layers within the preset well depth range is equivalent to determining the thick oil layer and the interlayer above the thick oil layer in the standard well, and further determining the position of the 'ear' layer in the standard well.
In step 206, if the lithology influence value of the ear layer is greater than 5/8, the ear layer has development potential; if the lithologic impact value of the "ear" layer is less than 5/8, the "ear" layer has no development potential.
After the "ear" layer is determined, a further determination of whether the "ear" layer has development potential is needed to determine whether the "ear" layer is worth the patch development.
According to the existing data query, the lithological influence value of the ear layer can be determined by adding and satisfying the weight of the influence factors, and the influence factors of the ear layer and the corresponding weight thereof are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2 influence factors of the "ear" layer and their corresponding weights
Figure BDA0002443701120000111
The ear layer identification method provided by the embodiment of the application determines a standard well in a plurality of known wells and a mark layer of each well in the plurality of known wells in a preset well depth range according to the logging information of an area to be researched; obtaining a stratum skeleton section according to a standard well in a plurality of known wells and a mark layer of each well in the plurality of known wells within a preset well depth range; obtaining the number of interlayers and the depth position of the interlayers of the standard well in a preset well depth range according to seismic data and a stratum skeleton profile of an area to be researched; and determining the position of the ear layer of the standard well in the preset well depth range according to the number of the interlayers of the standard well in the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer, so that the identification of the position of the ear layer is realized. The method is not required to be realized in the operation process, only the logging data and the seismic data of the area to be researched are required to be utilized, the identification of the 'ear' layer can be realized under the condition of low investment, and the method is convenient for scale popularization.
In this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "plurality" means two or more unless expressly limited otherwise.
The above description is only for facilitating the understanding of the technical solutions of the present application by those skilled in the art, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A method of "ear" layer identification, the method comprising:
determining a standard well in a plurality of known wells and a marker layer of each well in the plurality of known wells within a preset well depth range according to the logging information of the area to be researched;
obtaining a stratum skeleton section according to a standard well in the plurality of known wells and a mark layer of each well in the plurality of known wells within a preset well depth range;
obtaining the number of interlayers of the standard well in a preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer according to seismic data of an area to be researched and the stratum skeleton profile;
and determining the position of the ear layer of the standard well in the preset well depth range according to the number of the interlayers of the standard well in the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer.
2. An "ear" layer identification method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said determining a standard well of said plurality of known wells from the log data of the area to be studied comprises:
obtaining a logging curve of each well in the plurality of known wells according to the logging information of the area to be researched;
and determining the well with the deposition cycle rule in the log as the standard well according to the log of each well in the plurality of known wells.
3. An "ear" layer identification method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said marker layer is a mud layer.
4. An "ear" layer identification method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said determining a marker layer for each of said plurality of known wells within a predetermined well depth based on well log data for an area under study comprises:
and determining the critical thickness of each well in a preset well depth range to be more than 10m, the value of the natural potential in the critical thickness to be less than a first threshold value, and the value of the resistivity to be less than a second threshold value as a mark layer of each well in the preset well depth range.
5. An "ear" layer identification method according to claim 1, characterized in that the stratigraphic framework profile comprises a stratigraphic framework longitudinal profile and a stratigraphic framework cross-profile;
the number of the longitudinal sections of the stratum framework is at least three, and the number of the cross sections of the stratum framework is at least three.
6. An "ear" layer identification method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said deriving the stratigraphic framework profile from the standard well of the plurality of known wells and the marker layer of each well of the plurality of known wells within a preset well depth range comprises:
determining a communication relation between rock stratums with the same lithology between two adjacent wells according to the mark layer of each well in the plurality of known wells within the preset well depth range;
and obtaining the stratum skeleton profile by taking a standard well in the plurality of known wells as a center according to the communication relation between rock stratums with the same lithology between the two adjacent wells.
7. The method for identifying an "ear" layer according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the number of the interlayers of the standard well in the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer according to the seismic data of the area to be researched and the stratigraphic framework profile comprises:
obtaining a seismic section according to the seismic data of the area to be researched;
determining the attribute of each horizon in the stratigraphic framework section according to the seismic section and the stratigraphic framework section;
and determining the number of interlayers of the standard well in a preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer according to the attribute of each layer in the stratum skeleton profile.
8. An "ear" layer identification method as claimed in claim 1, wherein after obtaining the number of the interbeds of the standard well in the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interbed according to the seismic data of the area to be researched and the stratigraphic framework profile, the method further comprises:
and determining the thickness of each interlayer and each oil layer in the preset well depth range of the standard well according to the characteristics of the interlayers, the characteristics of the oil layers and the stratum skeleton profile.
9. An "ear" layer identification method according to claim 8, wherein the determining the position of the "ear" layer in the position of the standard well at the preset well depth according to the number of the interlayers of the standard well in the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer comprises:
and determining the position of the ear layer of the standard well in the preset well depth range according to the interlayer of the standard well on the upper part of the oil layer in the preset well depth range and the oil layers.
10. An "ear" layer identification method according to claim 1, wherein after determining the position of the "ear" layer of the standard well within the preset well depth range according to the number of the interlayers of the standard well within the preset well depth range and the depth position of each interlayer, the method further comprises:
if the lithologic influence value of the ear layer is greater than 5/8, the ear layer has development potential;
if the lithologic impact value of the "ear" layer is less than 5/8, the "ear" layer has no development potential.
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