CN113499017A

CN113499017A - Medical infrared electronic fiber endoscope

Info

Publication number: CN113499017A
Application number: CN202110908294.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘顺; 魏来; 王文硕; 季敏标; 王春生
Original assignee: Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University
Current assignee: Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University
Priority date: 2021-08-09
Filing date: 2021-08-09
Publication date: 2021-10-15

Abstract

The invention discloses a medical infrared electronic fiber endoscope, which solves the problems of heavy weight, high cost and radiation damage of the traditional perspective imaging equipment, and adopts the technical scheme that the medical infrared electronic fiber endoscope comprises a zooming stabilizing system arranged at the head end of the endoscope for stabilizing zooming, a miniature infrared camera for collecting and processing optical signals transmitted by zooming, an illuminating system uniformly distributed around the miniature infrared camera for providing infrared rays for illumination, an endoscope tube connected with the head end of the endoscope, a turning system for adjusting and controlling the direction of the head end of the endoscope, a transmission cable connected with the miniature infrared camera and the central processing system, a central processing system for receiving and decoding collected digital electric signals in real time and converting the digital electric signals into image information, and a display system for displaying the image information in real time, can effectively avoid radiation injury, has higher quality images, and leads the surgical operation to be more minimally invasive, efficient and safe.

Description

Medical infrared electronic fiber endoscope

Technical Field

The invention relates to an endoscope, in particular to a medical infrared electronic fiber endoscope.

Background

Today, surgical endoscopic techniques are well established, as surgical techniques are developed, by which minimally invasive procedures such as resection, suturing, etc. are performed on the basis of light of visible wavelengths allowed to be used for endoscopic imaging in body cavities without congestion, such as the stomach or esophagus, where fluids may be drained. However, in cardiac surgery, due to the blood fullness in the heart body cavity, the blood cannot be directly observed through the heart by naked eyes, so that the minimally invasive surgery is realized, because an endoscope which is not related at present can image in the blood environment. To meet the needs of cardiac interventional procedures, X-ray imaging is currently the standard method for interventional cardiac procedures. Interventional cardiac surgery is performed by a large X-ray device applied to a C-arm, which will be rotated 180 degrees around the patient, to visualize the contours of the patient's heart. But this contour is blurred, only the metal catheter appears brightest in the image, which enables a rough estimate of where the catheter tip enters the cardiac structure, and the C-arm needs to be repositioned repeatedly to provide a more comprehensive view. Under X-ray guidance, the catheter can be advanced into the heart and even into the coronary arteries. In a blood vessel, the distal end of the catheter releases an optically sensitive dye that can be viewed for a distance on a radiological image before it is diffused by the blood. However, it has been shown that this technique generally does not allow an accurate assessment of the internal structure of the heart.

In addition, the X-ray itself is somewhat radiation-damaging to both the patient and the surgeon, and the patient is injected with contrast media during part of the procedure, potentially affecting the patient's body. The equipment of the X-ray perspective imaging system is too heavy and expensive, so how to find a safer, more efficient and simple light source in the technical field of cardiac intervention operation to construct a new surgical imaging system becomes the key for solving the problem.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a medical infrared electronic fiber endoscope which can effectively avoid radiation injury, has higher-quality images, is beneficial to the operation of surgeons, reduces the wound to patients and ensures that the surgical operation is more minimally invasive, efficient and safe.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a medical infrared electronic fiber endoscope comprises

The illuminating system is uniformly distributed at the head end of the endoscope and provides infrared light rays for illumination;

the zoom stabilizing system is arranged at the head end of the endoscope and is used for carrying out stable zooming within a set range;

the miniature infrared camera is positioned at the rear end of the zooming stabilizing system and is used for collecting and processing light signals transmitted by zooming, and the illuminating system is uniformly distributed around the miniature infrared camera;

also comprises

The endoscope tube is connected to the head end of the endoscope;

the direction changing system is arranged at the joint of the head end of the endoscope and the endoscope tube, wraps the periphery of the head end of the endoscope and adjusts and controls the direction of the head end of the endoscope;

the transmission cable is arranged in the endoscope tube in a penetrating way and is connected with the miniature infrared camera and the central processing system to transmit the collected signals;

the central processing system receives the digital electric signals collected by the miniature infrared camera in real time, decodes the digital electric signals and converts the digital electric signals into image information;

and the display system is connected with the central processing system and used for displaying the image information acquired by the code in real time.

Preferably, in summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

by adopting the principle that infrared rays can penetrate through suspended particle solution under a certain waveband, the blood of a human body can penetrate through the infrared ray waveband, so that the relevant organ structures in a circulatory system can be directly imaged in real time, and the operation can be safer and more efficient;

through the infrared electronic fiber endoscope, the injury of a patient and a doctor caused by radiation injury brought by X-rays used for the patient and the doctor in the traditional interventional operation treatment process can be effectively avoided, and the use is safer;

compared with the traditional non-electronic infrared endoscope, the electronic infrared fiber endoscope has smaller volume, smaller and more flexible bending radius, lower transmission loss and is more favorable for imaging in blood.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an infrared electronic fiber endoscope;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a zoom stabilizing system;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a micro infrared camera;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an illumination system employing illumination fibers;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an illumination system employing near-infrared leds.

In the figure: 1. an illumination system; 11. a near-infrared light emitting diode; 12. an illumination fiber; 13. a laser; 14. a laser water cooling device; 2. a zoom stabilization system; 21. a lens group; 22. a zoom motor; 23. an anti-shake stabilizer; 3. a miniature infrared camera; 31. a CMOS light sensing element; 32. an image processor; 4. a direction changing system; 5. a transmission cable; 6. a central processing system; 7. a display system.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

According to one or more embodiments, a medical infrared electronic fiber endoscope is disclosed, as shown in fig. 1, which includes an illumination system 1, a zoom stabilizing system 2, a miniature infrared camera 3, a direction changing system 4, a transmission cable 5, a central processing system 6 and a display system 7. For clarity, the front end of the endoscope on the insertion and peeping side is defined as the head end of the endoscope, and the end far away from the head end of the endoscope is the tail end.

Also comprises an endoscope tube connected with the head end of the endoscope. The lighting system 1, the zooming stabilizing system 2 and the miniature infrared camera 3 are arranged at the head end of the endoscope, the endoscope tube is connected with the head end of the endoscope, and the turning system 4 is arranged at the joint of the head end of the endoscope and the endoscope tube. The transmission cable 5 is arranged in the endoscope in a penetrating way, one end of the transmission cable is connected with the miniature infrared camera 3, the other end of the transmission cable is connected with the central processing system 6, and the display system 7 is connected with the central processing system 6.

The illuminating system 1 adopts infrared light rays for illumination, and is uniformly distributed around the miniature infrared camera 3, so that the imaging quality can be effectively improved.

As shown in fig. 2, the zoom stabilizing system 2 includes a lens group 21, a zoom motor 22, and an anti-shake stabilizer 23. The lens group 21 is composed of a plurality of concave-convex lens groups 21, zooming in a certain range is provided according to the arrangement of the lenses, the lens group 21 is optimized for imaging of a near infrared band, and loss caused by refraction of near infrared light in the lenses is reduced. The zoom motor 22 performs distance adjustment of the lens group 21, and the zoom motor 22 and the lens group 21 are combined to start a zooming effect by adjusting the distance between the lenses. The anti-shake stabilizer 23 is used for preventing the lens group 21 from shaking, the anti-shake stabilizer 23 keeps the coaxiality of the whole lens group all the time in the continuous shaking process of the lens group by using the magnetic suspension principle, so that the effect of stabilizing images is achieved, and the influence of the bouncing of the infrared electronic fiber endoscope in blood vessels and heart chambers of a human body on the stability of the images can be reduced.

As shown in fig. 3, the micro infrared camera 3 includes a CMOS photosensitive element 31 for converting the reflected infrared light signal into an electrical signal, an image processor 32 for digitizing the received electrical signal, and a refrigerating device for refrigerating the micro infrared camera 3. The CMOS light-sensitive element 31 senses the reflected infrared light, converts the light signal into an electric signal, digitizes the electric signal by the image processor 32, and decodes the electric signal into an image signal, wherein the digitization of the image can effectively reduce the image loss in the transmission process, and ensures the originality of the image. The whole system is cooled by a refrigerating device. The CMOS light-sensitive element 31 of the micro infrared camera 3 is optimized for near infrared wave bands, and the surface of the CMOS light-sensitive element is coated with a filtering coating film, so that clutter of other wave bands can be well filtered, and the micro infrared camera has the characteristics of high pixel and high light sensitivity.

The direction changing system 4 comprises a snake bone device and a control handle. The snake bone device wraps the periphery of the head end of the endoscope, the control handle adjusts the snake bone device through the built-in guide wire penetrating the endoscope, and then steering adjustment control of the head end of the endoscope is achieved, and therefore images in blood in different directions are collected.

The transmission cable 5 is arranged in the endoscope in a penetrating way, one end of the transmission cable is connected with the miniature infrared camera 3, and the other end of the transmission cable is connected with the central processing system 6 and used for transmitting the image digital electric signals shot and collected by the miniature infrared camera 3 to the central processing system 6. The transmission cable 5 includes a power supply cable, a signal transmission cable and a control cable, and thus power supply and signal transmission control can be realized.

The central processing system 6 comprises a central processor which receives the digital electric signal from the front micro infrared camera 3, decodes the digital electric signal and converts the digital electric signal into an image signal, and the display system 7 comprises a display screen which is connected with the central processing system 6 and displays the image signal obtained after decoding and converting.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the illumination system 1 includes a plurality of illumination fibers 12 inserted into the endoscope tube and having one end exposed from the endoscope tip end for illumination, a laser 13 connected to the other end of the illumination fibers 12, and a laser 13 water cooling device. The laser 13 and the laser water cooling device are arranged at the tail end of the endoscope, the laser 13 emits light, the light is transmitted to the head end of the endoscope through the lighting optical fiber 12 for lighting, the lighting optical fiber 12 is distributed around the micro infrared camera 3, and the water cooling device provides proper temperature for the light emission of the laser 13. The illuminating optical fibers 12 are distributed around the miniature infrared camera and illuminate a circle around the head end of the endoscope, so that the illuminating range and the illuminating uniformity can be ensured.

By adopting the principle that infrared rays can penetrate through suspended particle solution under a certain waveband, the blood of a human body can penetrate through the suspended particle solution under a proper waveband, so that the relevant organ structures in a circulatory system can be directly imaged in real time. Effectively avoids the harm to the patient and the doctor caused by the radiation injury brought to the patient and the doctor by using X-rays in the traditional interventional operation treatment process. In addition, compare in traditional non-electronic formula infrared endoscope, electronic formula infrared fiber endoscope volume is littleer, and bend radius is littleer more nimble, and transmission loss is lower, more is favorable to imaging in the blood.

When an operator needs to perform blood intracavity operation, the patient is safely put into an anesthesia state, the power supply is switched on, the lighting system 1 is turned on, the cooling device of the laser 13 is preferentially turned on, and the laser 13 is turned on to emit light after the proper working temperature is reached;

then, the miniature infrared camera 3 is turned on, the snake bone device is adjusted through the control handle of the turning system 4, the direction of the end of the infrared electronic endoscope is operated, the snake bone device gradually penetrates into an area needing to be operated according to the display position of the display system 7, and a subsequent operation process is started; in the whole process, the focal length and the stability of the image are regulated and controlled by using the zooming stabilization system 2, the quality of the image is ensured, and the image is displayed on the display system 7 in real time after being processed by the central processing system 6.

The second embodiment is different from the above embodiments in that, as shown in fig. 5, the illumination system 1 illuminates by the light emitted from a plurality of near-infrared light emitting diodes 11 circumferentially and uniformly distributed around the micro-infrared camera 3, and the near-infrared light emitting diodes 11 are connected to the transmission cable 5 and are powered and controlled by the transmission cable 5.

When an operator needs to perform blood intracavity operation, firstly, the patient is safely put into an anesthesia state, the power supply is switched on, and the illumination system 1 is switched on, so that the near-infrared light-emitting diode 11 emits light for illumination;

A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing components, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A medical infrared electronic fiber endoscope is characterized in that: comprises that

The illuminating system (1) is uniformly distributed at the head end of the endoscope and provides infrared light for illumination;

a zoom stabilizing system (2) which is provided at the endoscope head end and performs stable zooming within a set range;

the miniature infrared camera (3) is positioned at the rear end of the zooming stabilizing system (2) and used for collecting and processing light signals transmitted by zooming, and the illuminating system (1) is uniformly distributed around the miniature infrared camera (3);

also comprises

The endoscope tube is connected to the head end of the endoscope;

the direction changing system (4) is arranged at the joint of the head end of the endoscope and the endoscope tube, wraps the periphery of the head end of the endoscope and adjusts and controls the direction of the head end of the endoscope;

the transmission cable (5) is arranged in the endoscope tube in a penetrating way and is connected with the miniature infrared camera (3) and the central processing system (6) to transmit the collected signals;

the central processing system (6) receives the digital electric signals collected by the miniature infrared camera (3) in real time, decodes the digital electric signals and converts the digital electric signals into image information;

and the display system (7) is connected with the central processing system (6) and is used for displaying the image information acquired by the code in real time.

2. The medical infrared electronic fiber endoscope of claim 1, wherein: the zooming stabilization system (2) comprises a lens group (21) consisting of a plurality of concave-convex lens groups (21), a zooming motor (22) for adjusting the distance of the lens group (21), and an anti-shake stabilizer (23) for preventing the lens group (21) from shaking.

3. The medical infrared electronic fiber endoscope of claim 1, wherein: the micro infrared camera (3) comprises a CMOS photosensitive element (31) for converting the reflected infrared light signal into an electric signal, an image processor (32) for digitizing the received electric signal, and a refrigerating device for refrigerating the micro infrared camera (3).

4. The medical infrared electronic fiber endoscope of claim 3, wherein: and a filtering film for filtering clutter wave bands is coated on the surface of the CMOS photosensitive element (31).

5. The medical infrared electronic fiber endoscope of claim 1, wherein: the turning system (4) comprises a snake bone device wrapped on the periphery of the head end of the endoscope, a built-in guide wire penetrating through the endoscope and used for steering adjustment of the head end of the endoscope, and a control handle used for control.

6. The medical infrared electronic fiber endoscope of claim 1, wherein: one end of the transmission cable (5) is connected with the miniature infrared camera (3), and the other end is connected with the central processing system (6) and comprises a power supply cable, a signal transmission cable and a control cable.

7. The medical infrared electronic fiber endoscope of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the illumination system (1) comprises a plurality of illumination optical fibers (12) which penetrate through the endoscope tube and one ends of which are exposed out of the head end of the endoscope for illumination, and also comprises a laser (13) and a laser (13) water cooling device which are connected with the other ends of the illumination optical fibers (12).

8. The medical infrared electronic fiber endoscope of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the illuminating system (1) is provided with a plurality of near-infrared light-emitting diodes (11) which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed around the micro infrared camera (3), and the near-infrared light-emitting diodes (11) are connected to the transmission cable (5).