CN113465463B - Solid-liquid coupling core sandwich cylindrical anti-explosion structure - Google Patents
Solid-liquid coupling core sandwich cylindrical anti-explosion structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113465463B CN113465463B CN202110729992.1A CN202110729992A CN113465463B CN 113465463 B CN113465463 B CN 113465463B CN 202110729992 A CN202110729992 A CN 202110729992A CN 113465463 B CN113465463 B CN 113465463B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
- F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
- F42D5/045—Detonation-wave absorbing or damping means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B39/00—Packaging or storage of ammunition or explosive charges; Safety features thereof; Cartridge belts or bags
- F42B39/14—Explosion or fire protection arrangements on packages or ammunition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
- B32B2439/02—Open containers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Buffer Packaging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-explosion structure of a solid-liquid coupling core sandwich cylinder, and aims to solve the problems of poor protection capability of the anti-explosion structure, low storage safety of an anti-explosion liquid, poor explosion protection effect and the like. The invention consists of an outer cylinder, a middle buffer layer, an inner cylinder and a bottom buffer layer. The inner cylinder, the middle buffer layer and the outer cylinder are coaxially nested from inside to outside to form a cylinder with a sandwich on the side wall; the bottom buffer layer is mounted on the inner lower end of the outer cylinder. The outer cylinder consists of an outer cylinder and an outer coating; the middle buffer layer is composed of a side core body and a side package, and the side core body is formed by coupling high-water-absorption foam and explosion-proof liquid, solid and liquid; the inner cylinder is composed of an inner cylinder, an inner cylinder coating and a cushion block. The bottom buffer layer is composed of a bottom core body and a bottom package, and the bottom core body and the side core body are made of the same material. The invention has high storage and transportation stability, and the formed explosion-proof liquid wall has uniform thickness and strong anti-explosion capability; the outer coating and the inner barrel coating can inhibit reaming of failure parts, and the comprehensive protection performance is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to an anti-explosion structure, and particularly relates to a solid-liquid coupling core body sandwich cylindrical anti-explosion structure.
Background
The explosion-proof tank is a tank-shaped device for temporarily storing and transporting explosives or suspected explosives, is an important infrastructure for ensuring public safety, and is most widely applied to the anti-explosion field. The explosion-proof tank can isolate explosives from the outside, the strength of shock waves is weakened and fragments are prevented from flying outwards through the buffering energy-absorbing characteristic of the material and the shock resistance of the structure, and the killing effect of the explosion shock waves and the fragments on the surrounding environment and personnel is effectively weakened. After suspicious explosives are found in public places such as railway stations, airports and the like, the suspicious explosives are quickly put into an explosion-proof tank and then transported to an open or predetermined place to be detonated. Even if the suspicious explosive explodes in the transportation process, the explosion-proof tank can limit the shock waves and the fragments in the tank body, so that the safety of personnel and property is effectively protected.
In real terrorist activities, explosion often involves extremely aggressive fragments in addition to the explosive shock wave. In order to rapidly dispose suspicious explosives, control the harm of explosion attack on social safety, and provide higher requirements for the complex load protection of an explosion-proof tank, especially for the combined load protection of shock waves and fragments, the traditional light explosion-proof structure is difficult to meet the requirements. Patent document No. 201710483227.X discloses a variable-wall-thickness composite explosion-proof structure, which adopts explosion-proof liquid (such as water and glycerin) to disintegrate under the explosion condition to form countless liquid particles, generates great resistance to impact waves and attenuates the fragment speed at a short distance. Although this patent uses liquid particles formed after disintegration of the liquid (liquid) used as the primary medium for blast shock wave and fragment protection. But the explosion-proof liquid direct encapsulation that this patent adopted is in the structure wall face, and the rocking of explosion-proof liquid easily produces unfavorable factors such as water hammer effect and impact effect in transportation and storage process, is unfavorable for overall structure's security. In addition, after the explosion liquid is disintegrated, the uniformity of an explosion-proof liquid wall formed by the patent is poor, and the integral protection effect of an anti-explosion structure is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the traditional light explosion-proof structure is poor in combined load protection capability of explosion shock waves and fragments, low in explosion-proof liquid storage safety, poor in explosion protection effect and the like, and provides the solid-liquid coupling core body sandwich cylindrical anti-explosion structure, stable storage and reliable use of the structure are ensured, and the comprehensive protection performance of the explosion-proof structure is improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention is a cylinder with bottom, which is composed of an external cylinder, a middle buffer layer, an internal cylinder and a bottom buffer layer. The inner cylinder, the middle buffer layer and the outer cylinder are assembled in a gapless coaxial nesting mode from inside to outside to form a cylinder with a sandwich on the side wall (a cylinder with a sandwich for short), and the inner cylinder, the middle buffer layer and the outer cylinder are connected through gluing. The side walls of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are the side walls of the cored cylinder, and the middle cushion layer is the core of the cored cylinder. The bottom cushioning layer is located at the bottom of the cored cylinder. The end of the invention where the bottom cushioning layer is attached is defined as the lower end (i.e., closed end) and the end where the bottom cushioning layer is not attached is defined as the upper end (i.e., open end). The outer diameter of the invention is D, D is determined according to the anti-knock requirement, and the invention satisfies that D is more than 0.1m and less than 2m, the height is H, and D is less than H and less than 2D.
The inner cylinder, the middle buffer layer and the outer cylinder are coaxially assembled from inside to outside, and the open end of the outer cylinder is flush with the upper ends of the middle buffer layer and the inner cylinder. The bottom buffer layer is arranged at the lower end of the inner part of the outer cylinder and is bonded with the lower end faces of the middle buffer layer and the inner cylinder.
The external cylinder is a cylinder with one end provided with a bottom, the external diameter is equal to D, and the internal diameter is D1Satisfy 0.8D<d1<0.95D, height equal to H, sidewall thickness and bottom thickness equal to (D-D)1)/2. The outer cylinder is composed of an outer cylinder and an outer coating. The outer cylinder is a cylinder with a bottom, the outer diameter is d, and d is satisfied1<d<0.98D, inner diameter equal to D1Wall thickness and bottom thickness equal to (d-d)1)/2. The outer cylinder is made of fiber reinforced plastics and has a density of 1.0g/cm3To 3.0g/cm3And the tensile strength is more than 400 MPa. The bottom surface of the outer cylinder is padded with a bottom buffer layer. The outer coating is an elastomer coating (such as polyurea elastomer coating) sprayed on the outer wall surface and the bottom of the outer cylinder, and the thickness of the outer coating is equal to (D-D)/2. The tensile strength of the external coating is more than 30MPa, and the elongation at break is more than 500 percent. The outer cylinder has a constraint effect on the middle buffer layer, so that the explosion-proof liquid wall is generated after the middle buffer layer is decomposed, and the protection capability of the invention is improved; the outer coating is a polyurea elastomer coating, so that the deformability of the outer barrel can be improved, and the reaming of failure parts can be effectively inhibited when the outer barrel is subjected to shear failure.
The middle buffer layer is cylindrical and has an outer diameter equal to d1Inner diameter of d4Satisfy 0.4d1<d4<0.8d1Height H, 0.6H<h<0.9H. The middle buffer layer is coaxially nested in the outer barrel and is arranged on the bottom buffer layer. The middle buffer layer is composed of a side core body and a side package. The side core body is completely wrapped inside the side package and isolated from the outside. During assembly of the middle buffer layer, the side core body is manufactured firstly, and then the side package is sleeved on the outer surface of the side core body. The side core body is cylindrical and has an outer diameter d2Satisfies 0.65d1<d2<0.95d1Inner diameter of d3Satisfy 0.5d2<d3<0.9d2Height of h1Satisfies 0.7h<h1<0.95 h. The side core body is formed by solid-liquid coupling of high-water-absorption foam and explosion-proof liquid, the high-water-absorption foam is soaked in the explosion-proof liquid during manufacturing, the high-water-absorption foam material fully absorbs the explosion-proof liquid, and the explosion-proof liquid is stored in pores of a large number of cells in the high-water-absorption foam. The high water absorption foam is high polymer foam with density of 0.3g/cm3To 1.0g/cm3The tensile strength is not less than 20MPa, the porosity is not less than 85%, and the water absorption is between 50% and 95%. The explosion-proof liquid is a water-based material with the density of 1.0g/cm3To 1.2g/cm3In the meantime. The side package is cylindrical and has an outer diameter equal to d1Inner diameter equal to d4The height is equal to h. The side core body is designed in such a way that the liquid anti-explosion liquid is stored in the pores of a large number of cells in the high-water-absorption foam, so that the stability and reliability of the anti-explosion liquid during transportation and use are improved. The side package side wall face is hollow inside, and the geometric dimension of hollow department is identical completely with the external profile geometric dimension of side core for the side package tightly wraps up the side core to sealed side core. The side packaging material is low-density high polymer material with density of 0.5g/cm3To 2.0g/cm3In the meantime. When explosion load acts on the middle buffer layer, the middle buffer layer is decomposed, and the explosion-proof liquid wall with uniform thickness is formed. The explosion shock wave meets the explosion-proof liquid wall, most of the explosion shock wave is reflected back along the direction from the explosion shock wave, and only a few shock waves with low intensity are transmitted out of the explosion-proof liquid wall, so that the destructive power is greatly reduced. The explosion-proof liquid can generate great resistance to high-speed fragment by utilizing self inertia and greatly attenuate in a short distanceThe fragment scattering speed is increased to reduce the destructive force.
The inner cylinder is cylindrical, is coaxially nested in the middle buffer layer and is arranged on the bottom buffer layer, and consists of an inner cylinder, an inner cylinder coating and a cushion block, wherein the inner cylinder and the cushion block are coaxially assembled, the end face of the bottom of the inner cylinder is flush, and the inner cylinder coating is an elastomer coating sprayed on the outer side wall surface of the inner cylinder. The inner cylinder is cylindrical and has an outer diameter d5Satisfy 0.8d4<d5<0.95d4Inner diameter of d6Satisfy 0.6d5<d6<0.9d5The height is equal to h. The inner cylinder is made of glass fiber reinforced plastics and has a density of 1.0g/cm3To 3.0g/cm3And the tensile strength is more than 400 MPa. The inner cylinder coating is an elastomer coating sprayed on the outer side wall of the inner cylinder, the material is the same as the outer coating, and the thickness is equal to (d)4-d5)/2. The cushion block is cylindrical, and the outer diameter is equal to d6Height is equal to h2Satisfies 0.2h<h2<0.5 h. The cushion block is made of foam material and has a density of 0.3g/cm3To 0.6g/cm3And the platform stress is not less than 20 MPa. The inner cylinder is made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, can resist detonation product gas with high temperature and high pressure, and effectively attenuates shock waves and fragment speed. The inner cylinder coating outside the inner cylinder is polyurea super elastomer coating, can improve the deformability of inner cylinder, can restrain the reaming of inefficacy department effectively when the shearing of inner cylinder takes place to destroy. The cushion block is used for supporting explosives in explosion prevention, and a space is reserved between the explosives and the bottom buffer layer, so that the explosion resistance of the bottom buffer layer is improved.
The bottom buffer layer 4 is in the shape of a circular cake with an outer diameter equal to d1Height of h3，h3＝H-h-(D-d1)/2. The bottom buffer layer is composed of a bottom core and a bottom package. The bottom core body is completely wrapped inside the bottom package and isolated from the outside. When the bottom buffer layer is assembled, the bottom core body is manufactured firstly, and then the bottom package is sleeved on the outer surface of the bottom core body. The bottom core body is in a round cake shape, and the outer diameter is d7Satisfy 0.6d1<d7<0.9d1Thickness of h4Satisfies 0.75h3<h4<0.95h3. The bottom core body has high water absorptionThe foam and the explosion-proof liquid are formed by solid-liquid coupling, and the material is the same as that of the side core body. The bottom package 42 is pie-shaped with an outside diameter equal to d1Height is equal to h3. The bottom packaging is internally hollow, the hollow part is in a round cake shape, and the geometric dimension of the hollow part is completely matched with the bottom core body, so that the bottom packaging tightly wraps the bottom core body to seal the bottom core body. The bottom packaging material is low-density high polymer material with density of 0.5g/cm3To 2.0g/cm3In the meantime. When the explosion load acts on the bottom buffer layer, the bottom core is disintegrated to form an explosion-proof liquid wall with uniform thickness, most of the shock waves are reflected back along the direction from the explosion shock waves, the fragment flying speed is greatly attenuated, and the explosion load is prevented from leaking out from the bottom of the explosion-proof liquid wall.
When the explosion-proof device is used, explosives are placed into the cavity of the inner cylinder from the opening, and if the explosives explode, the inner cylinder bears the explosion load and expands outwards. When the explosive load exceeds the tensile strength of the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder is broken, and then the explosive load acts on the middle buffer layer, so that the middle buffer layer is disintegrated, and the side core body and the bottom core body form the explosion-proof liquid wall. Explosion shock waves encounter the explosion-proof liquid wall, most of the explosion shock waves are reflected back, and only a few shock waves with low intensity are transmitted out of the explosion-proof liquid wall. The explosion-proof liquid can generate great resistance to high-speed fragments by utilizing self inertia, and the fragment flying speed is greatly attenuated within a short distance. If the shock waves and the fragments after attenuation penetrate through the explosion-proof liquid layer, the external cylinder finally resists the shock waves and the fragments after attenuation by means of self strength, and effective protection on combined loads of the shock waves and the fragments is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the solid-liquid coupling core body design is adopted for the side core body and the bottom core body, a large number of cell elements in the high-water-absorption foam store the anti-explosion liquid, and the exterior is packaged by adopting a high polymer material, so that compared with a pure liquid core body, the storage and transportation stability is high, the formed anti-explosion liquid wall is uniform in thickness and better in dispersion effect on impact waves, and the anti-explosion capability of the structure is improved;
(2) the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, and compared with the traditional steel materials, the polyurea elastomer coatings on the outer parts of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder have the characteristics of low density, high tensile strength and the like, and can effectively inhibit reaming of failure parts when shearing failure occurs, inhibit secondary fragments generated after structural failure, and improve the comprehensive protection performance of the structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a sectional view in the direction of fig. 1A-a'.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the whole body of the invention is in a cylinder shape with a bottom, and consists of an outer cylinder 1, a middle buffer layer 2, an inner cylinder 3 and a bottom buffer layer 4. The inner cylinder 3, the middle buffer layer 2 and the outer cylinder 1 are assembled in a gapless coaxial nested mode from inside to outside to form a cylinder with a sandwich on the side wall (a cylinder with a sandwich for short), and the inner cylinder 3, the middle buffer layer 2 and the outer cylinder 1 are connected through adhesive. The side walls of the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 3 are the side walls of the cored cylinder, and the middle breaker 2 is the core of the cored cylinder. The bottom cushioning layer 4 is located at the bottom of the cored cylinder. The end of the present invention where the bottom buffer layer 4 is installed is defined as a lower end (i.e., closed end), and the end where the bottom buffer layer 4 is not installed is defined as an upper end (i.e., open end in fig. 1). The outer diameter of the invention is D, D is determined according to the anti-knock requirement, and the invention satisfies that D is more than 0.1m and less than 2m, the height is H, and D is less than H and less than 2D.
As shown in fig. 2, the inner cylinder 3, the middle buffer layer 2 and the outer cylinder 1 are coaxially assembled from inside to outside, and the open end of the outer cylinder 1 is flush with the upper ends of the middle buffer layer 2 and the inner cylinder 3. The bottom cushioning layer 4 is mounted on the inner lower end of the outer cylinder 1 and is bonded to the lower end faces of the middle cushioning layer 2 and the inner cylinder 3.
The external cylinder 1 is a cylinder with a bottom at one end, the external diameter is equal to D, and the internal diameter is D1Satisfy 0.8D<d1<0.95D, height equal to H, sidewall thickness and bottom thickness equal to (D-D)1)/2. The outer cylinder 1 is composed of an outer cylinder 11 and an outer coating 12And (4) obtaining. The outer cylinder 11 is a cylinder with a bottom, the outer diameter is d, and d is satisfied1<d<0.98D, inner diameter equal to D1Wall thickness and bottom thickness equal to (d-d)1)/2. The outer cylinder 11 is made of fiber reinforced plastics and has a density of 1.0g/cm3To 3.0g/cm3And the tensile strength is more than 400 MPa. The bottom surface of the outer cylinder 11 is padded with a bottom buffer layer 4. The outer coating 12 is an elastomer coating (e.g., polyurea elastomer coating) sprayed on the outer wall surface and the bottom of the outer cylinder 11 and has a thickness equal to (D-D)/2. The tensile strength of the outer coating 12 is greater than 30MPa and the elongation at break is greater than 500%. The outer cylinder 1 has a restraint effect on the middle buffer layer 2, and promotes the middle buffer layer 2 to disintegrate to generate an explosion-proof liquid wall, so that the protection capability of the explosion-proof liquid wall is improved; the outer coating 12 is a polyurea elastomer coating, which can improve the deformability of the outer cylinder 11 and effectively suppress the hole expansion at the failure point when the outer cylinder 11 is subjected to shear failure.
The middle buffer layer 2 is cylindrical and has an outer diameter equal to d1Inner diameter of d4Satisfy 0.4d1<d4<0.8d1Height H, 0.6H<h<0.9H. The middle damping layer 2 is coaxially nested in the outer barrel 11 and is disposed on the bottom damping layer 4. The middle cushion layer 2 is composed of a side core 21 and a side encapsulation 22. The side core 21 is completely wrapped inside the side encapsulation 22, being isolated from the outside. When the middle buffer layer 2 is assembled, the side core 21 is manufactured first, and then the side encapsulation 22 is sleeved on the outer surface of the side core 21. The side core body 21 is cylindrical and has an outer diameter d2Satisfies 0.65d1<d2<0.95d1Inner diameter of d3Satisfy 0.5d2<d3<0.9d2Height of h1Satisfies 0.7h<h1<0.95 h. The side core body 21 is formed by solid-liquid coupling of two materials, namely high-water-absorption foam and explosion-proof liquid, and during manufacturing, the high-water-absorption foam is soaked in the explosion-proof liquid, the high-water-absorption foam material fully absorbs the explosion-proof liquid, and the explosion-proof liquid is stored in pores of a large number of cells in the high-water-absorption foam. The high water absorption foam is high polymer foam with density of 0.3g/cm3To 1.0g/cm3The tensile strength is not less than 20MPa, the porosity is not less than 85%, and the water absorption is between 50% and 95%. The explosion-proof liquid isWater-based material with density of 1.0g/cm3To 1.2g/cm3In the meantime. The side package 22 is cylindrical with an outside diameter equal to d1Inner diameter equal to d4The height is equal to h. The side core body 21 is designed to store liquid explosion-proof liquid in the pores of a large number of cells in the high water absorption foam, so that the stability and reliability of the explosion-proof liquid during transportation and use are improved. The side wall surface of the side encapsulation 22 is hollow, and the geometric dimension of the hollow part is completely matched with the geometric dimension of the outer contour of the side core 21, so that the side encapsulation 22 tightly wraps the side core 21 to seal the side core 21. The side packaging material 22 is low-density high polymer material with density of 0.5g/cm3To 2.0g/cm3In the meantime. When explosion load acts on the middle buffer layer 2, the middle buffer layer 2 is decomposed, and an explosion-proof liquid wall with uniform thickness is formed. The explosion shock wave meets the explosion-proof liquid wall, most of the explosion shock wave is reflected back along the direction from the explosion shock wave, and only a few shock waves with low intensity are transmitted out of the explosion-proof liquid wall, so that the destructive power is greatly reduced. The explosion-proof liquid can generate great resistance to high-speed fragments by utilizing self inertia, and greatly attenuate the fragment flying speed in a short distance so as to reduce destructive power.
The inner cylinder 3 is cylindrical, is coaxially nested in the middle buffer layer 2, is arranged on the bottom buffer layer 4, and consists of an inner cylinder 31, an inner cylinder coating 32 and a cushion block 33, the inner cylinder 31 and the cushion block 33 are coaxially assembled, the end faces of the bottoms of the inner cylinder 31 and the cushion block 33 are flush, and the inner cylinder coating 32 is an elastomer coating sprayed on the outer side wall surface of the inner cylinder 31. The inner cylinder 31 is cylindrical and has an outer diameter d5Satisfy 0.8d4<d5<0.95d4Inner diameter of d6Satisfy 0.6d5<d6<0.9d5The height is equal to h. The inner cylinder 31 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastics and has the density of 1.0g/cm3To 3.0g/cm3And the tensile strength is more than 400 MPa. The inner tube coating 32 is an elastomer coating sprayed on the outer side wall of the inner tube 31, is the same as the outer coating 12 in material, and has a thickness equal to (d)4-d5)/2. The spacer 33 is cylindrical and has an outer diameter equal to d6Height is equal to h2Satisfies 0.2h<h2<0.5 h. The cushion block 33 is made of foam material and has a density of 0.3g/cm3To 0.6g/cm3And the platform stress is not less than 20 MPa. The inner cylinder 31 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, can resist detonation product gas with high temperature and high pressure, and effectively attenuates shock waves and fragment speed. The inner cylinder coating 32 on the outer side of the inner cylinder 31 is a polyurea super-elastomer coating, so that the deformability of the inner cylinder 31 can be improved, and the reaming of the failure part can be effectively inhibited when the inner cylinder 31 is sheared and damaged. The cushion block 33 is used for supporting explosives during explosion prevention, so that a space is reserved between the explosives and the bottom buffer layer 4, and the anti-explosion capability of the bottom buffer layer 4 is improved.
The bottom buffer layer 4 is in the shape of a circular cake with an outer diameter equal to d1Height of h3，h3＝H-h-(D-d1)/2. The bottom buffer layer 4 is composed of a bottom core 41 and a bottom encapsulation 42. The lower core 41 is completely enclosed inside the lower package 42, being isolated from the outside. The bottom buffer layer 4 is assembled by first fabricating the bottom core 41 and then sleeving the bottom package 42 on the outer surface of the bottom core 41. The bottom core body 41 is in a shape of a circular cake with an outer diameter d7Satisfy 0.6d1<d7<0.9d1Thickness of h4Satisfies 0.75h3<h4<0.95h3. The bottom core body 41 is formed by solid-liquid coupling of two materials, namely high water absorption foam and explosion-proof liquid, and the materials are the same as those of the side core body 21. The bottom package 42 is pie-shaped with an outside diameter equal to d1Height is equal to h3. The bottom package 42 is hollow, the hollow part is shaped like a circular cake, and the geometric dimension of the hollow part is completely matched with the bottom core 41, so that the bottom package 42 tightly wraps the bottom core 41 to seal the bottom core 41. The bottom package 42 is made of low-density high polymer material with a density of 0.5g/cm3To 2.0g/cm3In the meantime. When the explosion load acts on the bottom buffer layer 4, the bottom core body 41 is disintegrated to form an explosion-proof liquid wall with uniform thickness, most of the shock wave is reflected back along the direction from the explosion shock wave, the fragment flying speed is greatly attenuated, and the explosion load is prevented from leaking out from the bottom of the explosion-proof liquid wall.
Claims (10)
1. A solid-liquid coupling core sandwich cylindrical anti-explosion structure is characterized in that the solid-liquid coupling core sandwich cylindrical anti-explosion structure is integrally in a cylindrical shape with a bottom and consists of an outer cylinder (1), a middle buffer layer (2), an inner cylinder (3) and a bottom buffer layer (4); the inner cylinder (3), the middle buffer layer (2) and the outer cylinder (1) are coaxially nested and assembled from inside to outside without gaps to form a cylinder with a sandwich on the side wall, which is called a cylinder with a sandwich for short; the side wall of the outer cylinder (1) and the side wall of the inner cylinder (3) are side walls of the cylinder with the clamping core, and the middle buffer layer (2) is a core body of the cylinder with the clamping core; the bottom buffer layer (4) is positioned at the bottom of the cylinder with the clamping core; defining one end provided with the bottom buffer layer (4) as a closed end, and defining one end not provided with the bottom buffer layer (4) as an open end; the outer diameter of the solid-liquid coupling core body sandwich cylindrical anti-explosion structure is D, the D is determined according to anti-explosion requirements, and the height is H;
the open end of the outer cylinder (1) is flush with the upper ends of the middle buffer layer (2) and the inner cylinder (3); the bottom buffer layer (4) is arranged at the lower end of the inner part of the outer cylinder (1) and is bonded with the lower end surfaces of the middle buffer layer (2) and the inner cylinder (3);
the external cylinder (1) is a cylinder with a bottom at one end, the external diameter is equal to D, and the internal diameter is D1Height equal to H; the outer cylinder (1) consists of an outer cylinder (11) and an outer coating (12); the outer cylinder (11) is a cylinder with a bottom, the outer diameter is d, and the inner diameter is equal to d1(ii) a The outer cylinder (11) is made of fiber reinforced plastics; a bottom buffer layer (4) is padded on the bottom surface of the outer cylinder (11); the outer coating (12) is an elastomer coating sprayed on the outer wall surface and the bottom of the outer cylinder (11); the outer cylinder (1) has a constraint effect on the middle buffer layer (2) and promotes the middle buffer layer (2) to disintegrate to generate an explosion-proof liquid wall; the outer coating (12) inhibits reaming of the failure site when the outer cylinder (11) is subjected to shear failure;
the middle buffer layer (2) is cylindrical and has an outer diameter equal to d1Inner diameter of d4The height is h; the middle buffer layer (2) is coaxially nested in the outer barrel (11) and is arranged on the bottom buffer layer (4); the middle buffer layer (2) consists of a side core body (21) and a side package (22); the side core body (21) is completely wrapped inside the side packaging (22) and isolated from the outside; when the middle buffer layer (2) is assembled, a side core body (21) is firstly manufactured, and then a side packaging body (22) is sleeved on the outer surface of the side core body (21); the side core body (21) is cylindrical and has an outer diameter d2Inner diameter of d3Height of h1(ii) a Side core body (21)) The foam material is formed by solid-liquid coupling of high water absorption foam and explosion-proof liquid; the high water absorption foam is high polymer foam; the explosion-proof liquid is a water-based material; the side package (22) is cylindrical with an outer diameter equal to d1Inner diameter equal to d4Height is equal to h; the side wall surface of the side packaging (22) is hollow, and the side packaging (22) wraps the side core body (21) to seal the side core body (21); the side packaging (22) material is a low-density high polymer material; when explosion load acts on the middle buffer layer (2), the middle buffer layer (2) is disintegrated to form an explosion-proof liquid wall with uniform thickness; the explosion shock wave meets the explosion-proof liquid wall, and most of the explosion shock wave is reflected back along the direction from the explosion shock wave, so that the destructive power is reduced; the explosion-proof liquid utilizes self inertia to generate great resistance to high-speed fragments, so that the fragment flying speed is attenuated, and the destructive power is reduced;
the inner cylinder (3) is cylindrical, is coaxially nested in the middle buffer layer (2), is arranged on the bottom buffer layer (4), and consists of an inner cylinder (31), an inner cylinder coating (32) and a cushion block (33), the inner cylinder (31) and the cushion block (33) are coaxially assembled, the end faces of the bottoms of the inner cylinder (31) and the cushion block (33) are flush, and the inner cylinder coating (32) is an elastomer coating sprayed on the outer side wall surface of the inner cylinder (31); the inner cylinder (31) is cylindrical and has an outer diameter d5Inner diameter of d6Height is equal to h; the inner cylinder (31) is made of glass fiber reinforced plastics; the inner barrel coating (32) is an elastomer coating sprayed on the outer side wall of the inner barrel (31), and the material is the same as that of the outer coating (12); the pad (33) is cylindrical and has an outer diameter equal to d6Height of h2(ii) a The cushion block (33) is made of foam material; the inner cylinder (31) withstands detonation product gas at high temperature and high pressure; the inner barrel coating (32) inhibits reaming of the failure part when the inner barrel (31) is subjected to shear failure; the cushion block (33) is a reserved space between the explosive and the bottom buffer layer (4), so that the anti-explosion capability of the bottom buffer layer (4) is improved;
the bottom buffer layer (4) is in a round cake shape, and the outer diameter is equal to d1Height of h3，h3＝H-h-(D-d1) 2; the bottom buffer layer (4) consists of a bottom core body (41) and a bottom package (42); the bottom core body (41) is completely wrapped inside the bottom packaging body (42) and isolated from the outside; when the bottom buffer layer (4) is assembled, a bottom core body (41) is firstly manufactured, and then a bottom package (42) is sleeved on the outer surface of the bottom core body (41); bottom core body(41) Is in the shape of a round cake with an outer diameter d7Thickness of h4(ii) a The bottom core body (41) is made of the same material as the side core body (21); the bottom package (42) is in the shape of a circular cake with an outer diameter equal to d1Height is equal to h3(ii) a The bottom packaging (42) is hollow, the hollow part is in a round cake shape, and the bottom packaging (42) wraps the bottom core body (41) to seal the bottom core body (41); the bottom packaging (42) material is a low-density high polymer material; when the explosion load acts on the bottom buffer layer (4), the bottom core body (41) is decomposed to form an explosion-proof liquid wall with uniform thickness, most of shock waves are reflected back along the direction from the explosion shock waves, the fragment flying speed is attenuated, and the explosion load is prevented from being leaked out from the bottom of the anti-explosion structure.
2. The solid-liquid coupling core sandwich cylindrical antiknock structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner cylinder (3), the middle buffer layer (2) and the outer cylinder (1) are adhesively connected.
3. The solid-liquid coupling core sandwich cylindrical antiknock structure of claim 1, characterized in that the solid-liquid coupling core sandwich cylindrical antiknock structure has an outer diameter D satisfying 0.1m < D <2m, and the height H satisfying D < H < 2D.
4. The solid-liquid coupling core sandwich cylindrical antiknock structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer cylinder (1) has an inner diameter d1Satisfies 0.8D<d1<0.95D, sidewall thickness and bottom thickness equal to (D-D)1) 2; the outer diameter d of the outer cylinder (11) satisfies d1<d<0.98D, wall and base thicknesses equal to (D-D)1) 2; the thickness of the outer coating (12) is equal to (D-D)/2.
5. The solid-liquid coupling core sandwich cylindrical antiknock structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner diameter d of the middle buffer layer (2)4Satisfies 0.4d1<d4<0.8d1Height H satisfies 0.6H<h<0.9H; the outer diameter d of the side core body (21)2Satisfies 0.65d1<d2<0.95d1Inner diameter d3Satisfies 0.5d2<d3<0.9d2Height h1Satisfies 0.7h<h1<0.95 h; the geometric dimension of the hollow part inside the side wall surface of the side encapsulation (22) is completely matched with the geometric dimension of the outer contour of the side core body (21).
6. The solid-liquid coupling core sandwich cylindrical antiknock structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer diameter d of the inner cylinder (31) is5Satisfies 0.8d4<d5<0.95d4Inner diameter d6Satisfies 0.6d5<d6<0.9d5(ii) a The inner barrel coating (32) has a thickness equal to (d)4-d5) 2; the cushion block (33) is cylindrical, and the outer diameter is equal to d6Height h2Satisfies 0.2h<h2<0.5h。
7. The solid-liquid coupling core sandwich cylindrical antiknock structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the height h of the bottom buffer layer (4) is such that3＝H-h-(D-d1) 2; the outer diameter d of the bottom core body (41)7Satisfies 0.6d1<d7<0.9d1Thickness h4Satisfies 0.75h3<h4<0.95h3(ii) a The geometric dimension of the hollow part of the bottom packaging (42) is completely matched with that of the bottom core body (41).
8. The solid-liquid coupling core sandwich cylindrical antiknock structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber reinforced plastic used for the outer cylinder (11) has a density of 1.0g/cm3To 3.0g/cm3The tensile strength is more than 400 MPa; the elastomer coating used by the outer coating (12) is a polyurea elastomer coating, the tensile strength of the outer coating (12) is more than 30MPa, and the elongation at break is more than 500 percent; the side package (22) and the bottom package (42) are made of low-density high polymer material with a density of 0.5g/cm3To 2.0g/cm3To (c) to (d); the density of the glass fiber reinforced plastic used by the inner cylinder (31) is 1.0g/cm3To 3.0g/cm3The tensile strength is more than 400 MPa; the foam material used for the cushion block (33) is denseThe degree is 0.3g/cm3To 0.6g/cm3And the platform stress is not less than 20 MPa.
9. The anti-explosion structure with a solid-liquid coupling core sandwiched cylinder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solid-liquid coupling of the high water absorption foam and the anti-explosion liquid means that the high water absorption foam is immersed in the anti-explosion liquid, the high water absorption foam sufficiently absorbs the anti-explosion liquid, and the anti-explosion liquid is stored in pores of a plurality of cells in the high water absorption foam.
10. The solid-liquid coupling core sandwich cylindrical antiknock structure of claim 9, wherein the high water absorption foam is a high polymer foam and requires a density of 0.3g/cm3To 1.0g/cm3The tensile strength is not less than 20MPa, the porosity is not less than 85%, and the water absorption is between 50% and 95%; the explosion-proof liquid is a water-based material with the density of 1.0g/cm3To 1.2g/cm3In the meantime.
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