CN113411105A - AP selection method of non-cell large-scale antenna system - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
- H04B7/0621—Feedback content
- H04B7/0626—Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/02—Access restriction performed under specific conditions
- H04W48/04—Access restriction performed under specific conditions based on user or terminal location or mobility data, e.g. moving direction, speed
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses an AP (access point) selection method of a cell-free large-scale antenna system. The method comprises the following steps: 1: for a large-scale antenna system without a cell, which comprises M APs and K users, T is more than K and less than M; the K users share the T pilots by adopting a pilot frequency multiplexing mode. 2: and each AP judges the user type according to the distance from the user, wherein the user type comprises a type I, a type II and a type III. 3. For the class I user of the AP, the AP is directly used as a service AP of the user; for the class II user of the AP, if the class I user exists, giving up the service provided for the class II user when the class II user of the AP shares the pilot frequency with the class I user; otherwise, providing service for the class I and class II users at the same time; if only II type users exist, the pilot frequency sharing among the II type users of the AP is allowed according to the fairness principle. For class III users of an AP, the AP will give up serving it. The invention can effectively avoid pilot frequency pollution, improve the system energy efficiency and reduce the error rate of the receiving end demodulating and transmitting end signal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields of non-cell large-scale antenna systems, pilot frequency multiplexing, AP selection and the like in a wireless communication system, and particularly provides an AP selection method of the non-cell large-scale antenna systems.
Background
A Cell-free large-scale antenna technology, also called a Cell-free large-scale Multiple Input Multiple Output (Massive MIMO), adopts a Cell-free network architecture, distributes a large number of Access Points (APs) with one or more antennas in a large area, transmits data to a Central Processing Unit (CPU) through a backhaul link, and provides services for Multiple users using the same time-frequency resources. Cell-free massive MIMO introduces a "user-centric" idea, where the number of AP-side antennas is usually much larger than the number of users. The technology reduces the average distance between the AP and the user, greatly reduces the path loss, reduces the multi-user interference by using 'favorable propagation' and channel hardening brought by a large number of APs, and can obtain huge space macro diversity gain, thereby uniformly covering the whole area and greatly improving the service quality of the user.
In a Time Division Duplex (TDD) cell-free large-scale MIMO system, an AP utilizes an uplink pilot training sequence sent by a user to carry out channel estimation so as to obtain Channel State Information (CSI); the system obtains the state information of the downlink channel by utilizing the reciprocity of the uplink and the downlink. However, due to the limited number of orthogonal pilots, there is a need to multiplex pilots among users. The multiplexing of pilots results in the AP not being able to accurately obtain channel state information, so that both uplink and downlink will be severely affected, which is called pilot pollution.
In order to improve the system performance of the large-scale antenna system without the cell, the wireless resource management strategies such as the pilot frequency multiplexing strategy, the AP selection, the power control, and the like have attracted wide attention in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an AP (access point) selection method of a cell-free large-scale antenna system aiming at the defects of the prior art, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem comprises the following steps:
step 1: for a large-scale antenna system without cells, which comprises M APs and K users, the number M of the APs is far larger than the number K of the users. The quantity of orthogonal pilot frequency in the system is T, T is less than K; the K users share the T pilots by adopting a pilot frequency multiplexing mode.
Step 2: and each AP judges the user type according to the distance between each AP and the user.
The user types are classified according to threshold values Th1 and Th 2.
If d (AP)i,UEj) Less than or equal to Th1, then call the jth user UEjIs a class I user of the ith AP. Wherein d (AP)i,UEj) Indicating the distance between the jth user and the ith AP; if Th1 < d (AP)i,UEj) If Th2 is less than, the jth user is called as the II-class user of the ith AP; if d (AP)i,UEj) At least Th2, the jth user is called as the class III user of the ith AP; wherein i is 1,2, …, M; j is 1,2, …, K.
And step 3: for a class I user of a reference AP, the AP directly serves as a serving AP for the user. And all class I users of the same AP are assigned orthogonal pilots. For example, if user1 and user2 are both class I users of the reference AP, then orthogonal pilots are allocated to user1 and user 2.
And 4, step 4: for a class II user of a certain reference AP, if the reference AP already has a class I user, the reference AP gives up providing service for the class II user when the class II user of the AP and the class I user share pilot frequency; when the class II user and the class I user of the AP do not share the pilot frequency, the reference AP simultaneously provides service for the class I user and the class II user; if the reference AP only has class II users, the reference AP selects one or more users to provide service for the reference AP according to a fairness principle, and allows the class II users of the AP to share the pilot frequency.
The fairness principle is as follows: the number of serving APs for each user is made to be about the same.
And 5: for a class III user of a reference AP, the AP will give up serving it.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can provide an AP selection algorithm of a cell-free large-scale antenna system, reduce the influence of pilot frequency pollution and improve the system energy efficiency. The AP of the invention judges the user type according to the threshold value by calculating the distance between the AP and the user, and adopts three service strategies of candidate service, direct service and non-service according to the set rule aiming at the types of different users. The pilot frequency pollution can be effectively avoided, the system energy efficiency is improved, and the error rate of the receiving end demodulating and transmitting end signal is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a specific topological structure diagram of a large-scale antenna system without cells, in which there are M APs and K users. User represents a User.
Detailed Description
The implementation process of the invention mainly comprises three stages of user classification, service AP selection and pilot frequency allocation adjustment.
Step 1: for a large-scale antenna system without cells of M APs and K users, the number M of the APs is far larger than the number K of the users. The quantity of orthogonal pilot frequency in the system is T, T is less than K; the K users share the T pilots by adopting a pilot frequency multiplexing mode.
Step 2: and each AP judges the user type according to the distance between each AP and the user.
The user types are classified according to threshold values Th1 and Th 2.
If d (AP)i,UEj) Less than or equal to Th1, then call the jth user UEjIs a class I user of the ith AP. Wherein d (AP)i,UEj) Indicating the distance between the jth user and the ith AP; if Th1 < d (AP)i,UEj) If Th2 is less than, the jth user is called as the II-class user of the ith AP; if d (AP)i,UEj) The j user is the class III user of the i AP if the Th2 is equal to or more than the threshold; wherein i is 1,2, …, M; j is 1,2, …, K.
And step 3: for a class I user of a reference AP, the AP directly serves as a serving AP for the user. And all class I users of the same AP are assigned orthogonal pilots. For example, if user1 and user2 are both class I users of the reference AP, then orthogonal pilots are allocated for user1 and user2
And 4, step 4: for a class II user of a certain reference AP, if the reference AP already has a class I user, the reference AP gives up providing service for the class II user when the class II user of the AP and the class I user share pilot frequency; when the class II user and the class I user of the AP do not share the pilot frequency, the reference AP simultaneously provides service for the class I user and the class II user; if the reference AP only has class II users, the reference AP selects one or a plurality of users to provide services for the reference AP according to the fairness principle.
And 5: for a class III user of a reference AP, the AP will give up serving it.
Further, the pilot multiplexing mode in step 1 may be a pilot multiplexing method such as random pilot multiplexing or greedy pilot multiplexing.
Further, the AP in step 1 may be a single antenna or a multiple antenna.
Further, the user terminal in step 1 may be a single antenna or a multi-antenna.
Further, the threshold value Th1 and the threshold value Th2 in the step 2 are determined according to the actual requirements of the system.
Further, the fairness principle in step 4 is determined according to the total number of the service antennas of the users, so that the users all have the same number of APs to provide services for the users as much as possible.
Further, the present invention is mainly applied to a Time Division Duplex (TDD) system.
Example 1:
an AP selection algorithm of a cell-free large-scale antenna system of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with a preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Step 1: for a large-scale antenna system without cells of M APs and K users, the number M of the APs is far larger than the number K of the users. The quantity of orthogonal pilot frequency in the system is T, T is less than K; the K users share the T pilots by adopting a pilot frequency multiplexing mode.
Step 2: and each AP judges the user type according to the distance between each AP and the user. Here, the user types are classified according to threshold values Th1 and Th 2. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, d (AP)1,UE1)≤Th1，d(AP1,UE2) Th1 is not more than, the 1 st User1 and the second User2 are the 1 st API class users. Th1 < d (AP)1,UE3) If Th2 is less, the 3 rd User3 is the type II User of the 1 st AP; d (AP)1,UE4) Th2 means that User No. 4 User4 is the class III User of AP No. 1.
And step 3: for class I users of AP1, User1 and User2, this AP serves directly as the serving AP for both users. And, these two users are assigned orthogonal pilots, assuming User1 uses pilot T1 and User2 uses pilot T2.
And 4, step 4: for class II User3 of AP1, since AP1 already has class I users User1 and User2, if User3 uses pilot T1 or pilot T2, AP1 abandons to service User 3; otherwise, the AP1 serves User 3. If the reference AP has only class II users, the AP1 selects one or several of the users to serve based on their serving AP numbers.
And 5: for class III User4 of AP1, the AP will give up serving it.
Claims (3)
1. An AP selection method of a cell-free large-scale antenna system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: for a large-scale antenna system without cells, which comprises M APs and K users, the number M of the APs is far larger than the number K of the users. The quantity of orthogonal pilot frequency in the system is T, T is less than K; the K users share the T pilots by adopting a pilot frequency multiplexing mode.
Step 2: and each AP judges the user type according to the distance from the user, wherein the user type comprises a class I user, a class II user and a class III user.
And step 3: for a class I user of a reference AP, the AP directly serves as a serving AP for the user. And all class I users of the same AP are assigned orthogonal pilots. For example, if user1 and user2 are both class I users of the reference AP, then orthogonal pilots are allocated to user1 and user 2.
And 4, step 4: for a class II user of a certain reference AP, if the reference AP already has a class I user, the reference AP gives up providing service for the class II user when the class II user of the AP and the class I user share pilot frequency; when the class II user and the class I user of the AP do not share the pilot frequency, the reference AP simultaneously provides service for the class I user and the class II user; if the reference AP only has class II users, the reference AP selects one or more users to provide service for the reference AP according to a fairness principle, and allows the class II users of the AP to share the pilot frequency.
And 5: for a class III user of a reference AP, the AP will give up serving it.
2. The AP selection method of the non-cell large-scale antenna system according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, each AP determines the user type according to the distance between the AP and the user, and the method is specifically implemented as follows: classifying the user types according to a threshold value Th1 and a threshold value Th 2; if d (AP)i,UEj) Less than or equal to Th1, then call the jth user UEjIs a class I user of the ith AP. Wherein d (AP)i,UEj) Indicating the distance between the jth user and the ith AP; if Th1 < d (AP)i,UEj) If Th2 is less than, the jth user is called as the II-class user of the ith AP; if d (AP)i,UEj) At least Th2, the jth user is called as the class III user of the ith AP; wherein i is 1,2, …, M; j is 1,2, …, K.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the pilot multiplexing mode in step 1 comprises random pilot multiplexing and greedy pilot multiplexing.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113613315A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-11-05 | 之江实验室 | Selection process and indication method of access point cluster in large-scale MIMO system without cell |
| CN113852453A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-28 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Combined optimization method combining pilot frequency distribution and AP selection |
| CN114286369A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-05 | 杭州电子科技大学 | AP and RIS combined selection method of RIS auxiliary communication system |
| CN114337976A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-12 | 北京邮电大学 | Transmission method combining AP selection and pilot frequency allocation |
| CN114389653A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-22 | 南京邮电大学 | Pilot frequency distribution method for large-scale de-cellular MIMO system |
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| CN114286369B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2024-02-27 | 杭州电子科技大学 | AP and RIS joint selection method of RIS auxiliary communication system |
| CN114389653A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-22 | 南京邮电大学 | Pilot frequency distribution method for large-scale de-cellular MIMO system |
| CN114389653B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-05-02 | 南京邮电大学 | Pilot frequency distribution method for de-cellular large-scale MIMO system |
| CN114337976A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-12 | 北京邮电大学 | Transmission method combining AP selection and pilot frequency allocation |
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Effective date of registration: 20240313 Address after: No. 2-1002, No. 6 Lianhui Street, Xixing Street, Binjiang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310051 Patentee after: Hangzhou Puwei cloud Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 310018 No. 2 street, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Patentee before: HANGZHOU DIANZI University Country or region before: China |
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