CN113297761B - Thermal deformation test compensation method for numerical control machine tool - Google Patents
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- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 125000000174 L-prolyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[C@@]1([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal deformation test compensation method of a numerical control machine tool, which comprises the following steps: s1, establishing an initial three-dimensional model of a machine tool; s2, starting at least one first sensor group and at least one second sensor group to monitor a data field of the machine tool in real time; s3, the control terminal receives the monitored data field in real time and builds a real-time three-dimensional model; s4, comparing the initial three-dimensional model with the real-time three-dimensional model, and determining the real-time quantity of thermal deformation; s5, performing finite element analysis and verification, and performing simulation analysis by using ANSYS software to judge whether the deviation between the real-time monitoring data and the predicted data meets the requirement; s6, controlling the thermal compensation control device to realize thermal deformation compensation of the machine tool. The technical scheme of the invention can truly reflect the actual condition of thermal deformation of the machine tool, reduce the number of monitoring sensors, reduce the cost and improve the compensation precision and stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerically-controlled machine tools, in particular to a thermal deformation test compensation method of a numerically-controlled machine tool.
Background
The large-scale high-precision machine tool arranged in a common workshop is greatly influenced by the heat of the ambient temperature when in transition from autumn to winter or from winter to spring, so that the precision of the guide rail of the machine tool is greatly changed and is difficult to maintain. In order to restore the guide rail precision, the sizing block and the lathe bed on the basis of the machine tool are regulated again regularly.
However, the technical difficulty of readjusting the precision of the guide rail of the lathe bed is high, the workload is large, the downtime is long, the normal development of enterprise production is seriously affected, and the production efficiency is reduced. Because the product specification is larger, the cost of placing the product in a constant temperature workshop is higher, the product is difficult to implement, and the precision maintainability of the machine tool are greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a thermal deformation test compensation method of a numerical control machine tool, which aims to reduce cost and improve compensation precision and stability.
The invention aims to solve the problems by adopting the following technical scheme:
a thermal deformation test compensation method of a numerical control machine tool comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing an initial three-dimensional model of a machine tool;
s2, starting at least one first sensor group and at least one second sensor group to monitor a data field of the machine tool in real time;
s3, the control terminal receives the monitored data field in real time and builds a real-time three-dimensional model;
s4, comparing the initial three-dimensional model with the real-time three-dimensional model, and determining the real-time quantity of thermal deformation;
s5, performing finite element analysis and verification, and performing simulation analysis by using ANSYS software to judge whether the deviation between the real-time monitoring data and the predicted data meets the requirement;
s6, controlling the thermal compensation control device to realize thermal deformation compensation of the machine tool.
Preferably, in the step S2, the first sensor group is driven back and forth from the first sensing area to monitor the machine tool to form a first data field in S21; the second sensor group is driven back and forth from a second sensing area to monitor the machine tool to form a second data field.
Preferably, the first sensing region is located above or below or at least partially overlapping with the second sensing region.
Preferably, in the step S2, the first sensor set is close to the machine tool, the first sensor set includes a first infrared scanner and a first moving driving component, the first infrared scanner is used for monitoring a three-dimensional coordinate point of a structure of the machine tool and a temperature field thereof, and the first moving driving component drives the first infrared scanner to perform round trip operation in a first sensing area so that the first infrared scanner monitors temperatures of a plurality of position points of the machine tool and coordinate points of the structure;
and/or the second sensor group is positioned above the first sensor group, the second sensor group comprises a second infrared scanner and a second movable driving component, the second infrared scanner is used for monitoring three-dimensional coordinate points of a structure of the machine tool and temperature fields thereof, and the second movable driving component is used for driving the second infrared scanner to perform reciprocating operation in a second sensing area so that the second infrared scanner monitors the temperatures of a plurality of position points of the machine tool and the coordinate points of the structure.
Preferably, in the step S3, the first sensor set and the second sensor set monitor temperatures in a plurality of directions of a front surface, a left side surface, a right side surface and a rear surface of the machine tool and form a temperature field distribution map; and the first sensor group and the second sensor group comprehensively form a real-time three-dimensional model for three-dimensional coordinate points of all parts of the machine tool.
Preferably, in the step S4, a compensation three-dimensional model is created by creating the real-time amount of thermal deformation determined in the step S41 for the compensation step S6.
Preferably, in the step S5, a finite element model is created in step S51; transmitting the real-time three-dimensional model into finite element analysis software through an interface of NX three-dimensional modeling software and ANSYS finite element analysis software, converting the real-time three-dimensional model into a CAE part digital model, dividing grids, and then endowing material properties to grid units to obtain the finite element model of the machine tool.
Preferably, in the step S5, the finite element analysis is performed from the viewpoint of reducing and balancing the temperature field of the machine tool according to the thermal symmetry and thermal balance principle of the structure, and the tests of the methods of locally heating and locally cooling the model are performed in a virtual manner, so that the temperature field is relatively symmetrical as much as possible, and the temperature variation gradient of the machine tool is reduced until the thermal deformation of the machine tool is minimized.
Preferably, in the step S6, the thermal compensation control device includes a heating device, where the heating device includes a thermal compensation control board that sends a control signal to control the heating element to heat the corresponding part of the machine tool, and a heating element that is connected to the thermal compensation control board and receives the control signal to heat the corresponding part of the machine tool.
Preferably, in the step S6, the thermal compensation control device includes a cooling device including a cooling element that cools the machine tool.
The beneficial effects are that: the technical scheme of the invention is that the structure and other data of the machine tool are monitored in multiple angles and directions by adopting a first sensor group and a second sensor group, the data are transmitted to a control terminal, then the control terminal establishes a real-time three-dimensional model for the acquired data, and then the deformation of the machine tool part which has suffered thermal deformation is determined by comparing the data difference between the initial three-dimensional model and the real-time three-dimensional model; then, through finite element analysis verification, simulation analysis is carried out by utilizing ANSYS software, and whether the deviation between the real-time monitoring data and the predicted data meets the production and processing requirement range is judged; finally, a control terminal controls a thermal compensation control device to realize thermal deformation compensation of the machine tool; and the actual condition of the thermal deformation of the machine tool can be reflected more truly, the number of monitoring sensors is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the compensation precision and stability are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a thermal deformation test compensation method of a numerically-controlled machine tool according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal deformation test of a numerically-controlled machine tool according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1-a guide rail of a machine tool; 2-a first inductor group; 21-a first infrared scanner; 22-a first movement driving part; 3-a second inductor group; 31-a second infrared scanner; 32-a second movement driving part.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, if a directional indication (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) is involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indication is merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between the components in a specific posture, and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indication is correspondingly changed.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, if "and/or" and/or "are used throughout, the meaning includes three parallel schemes, for example," a and/or B "including a scheme, or B scheme, or a scheme where a and B are satisfied simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
The invention provides a thermal deformation test compensation method of a numerical control machine tool.
As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, the thermal deformation test compensation method of the numerically controlled machine tool; comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing an initial three-dimensional model of a machine tool;
s2, starting at least one first sensor group 2 and at least one second sensor group 3 to monitor a data field of the machine tool in real time;
s3, the control terminal receives the monitored data field in real time and builds a real-time three-dimensional model;
s4, comparing the initial three-dimensional model with the real-time three-dimensional model, and determining the real-time quantity of thermal deformation;
s5, performing finite element analysis and verification, and performing simulation analysis by using ANSYS software to judge whether the deviation between the real-time monitoring data and the predicted data meets the requirement;
s6, controlling the thermal compensation control device to realize thermal deformation compensation of the machine tool.
In this embodiment, the three-dimensional model is a three-dimensional model that is scaled down by a numerical control machine tool according to a certain ratio, where the three-dimensional model may be a three-dimensional CAD model.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the structure and other data of the machine tool are monitored in multiple angles and directions by adopting a first sensor group and a second sensor group, the data are transmitted to a control terminal, then the control terminal establishes a real-time three-dimensional model for the acquired data, and then the deformation of the machine tool part which has suffered thermal deformation is determined by comparing the data difference between the initial three-dimensional model and the real-time three-dimensional model; then, through finite element analysis verification, simulation analysis is carried out by utilizing ANSYS software, and whether the deviation between the real-time monitoring data and the predicted data meets the production and processing requirement range is judged; finally, a control terminal controls a thermal compensation control device to realize thermal deformation compensation of the machine tool; and the actual condition of the thermal deformation of the machine tool can be reflected more truly, the number of monitoring sensors is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the compensation precision and stability are improved.
The ANSYS software is large-scale general finite element analysis software integrating structure, fluid, electric field, magnetic field and sound field analysis. The system can be interfaced with most CAD software to realize sharing and exchanging of data, such as Pro/Engineer, NASTRAN, alogor, I-DEAS, autoCAD and the like, and is one of advanced CAE tools in modern product design.
Specifically, in S2, S21, the first sensor set 2 is driven to and fro from the first sensing area to monitor the machine tool to form a first data field; the second sensor group 3 is driven back and forth from a second sensing area to monitor the machine tool to form a second data field; wherein, in this embodiment, the first sensing area is located above or below the second sensing area or there is an area that is at least partially overlapped; here, as shown in fig. 2, the first sensing area is located below the second sensing area, and the accuracy of the monitoring data can be improved by comprehensively processing a plurality of data of the monitoring machine tool, so that the compensation accuracy is ensured.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in S2, two first sensor groups 2 are selected and located at left and right ends above the guide rail 1 of the machine tool, the first sensor groups 2 include a first infrared scanner 21 and a first moving driving component 22, the first infrared scanner 21 is used for monitoring a three-dimensional coordinate point of a structure of the guide rail 1 of the machine tool and a temperature field thereof, and the first moving driving component 22 drives the first infrared scanner 21 to perform round trip operation in a first sensing area so that the first infrared scanner 21 monitors temperatures of a plurality of position points of the guide rail 1 of the machine tool and coordinate points of the structure;
the second sensor set 3 is two selected and located at the left end and the right end above the first sensor set 2, the second sensor set 3 comprises a second infrared scanner 31 and a second moving driving component 32, the second infrared scanner 31 is used for monitoring a three-dimensional coordinate point of a structure of a guide rail 1 of a machine tool and a temperature field thereof, and the second moving driving component 32 is used for driving the second infrared scanner 31 to reciprocate in a second sensing area so that the second infrared scanner 31 monitors temperatures of a plurality of position points of the guide rail 1 of the machine tool and coordinate points of the structure;
in this embodiment, the second moving driving member 32 and the first moving driving member 22 are one of telescopic cylinders, sliding screws, and driving motor sets.
Three-dimensional coordinate data and temperature data monitored by the first infrared scanner are combined with three-dimensional coordinate data and temperature data monitored by the second infrared scanner to comprehensively form more accurate real-time three-dimensional coordinate data and temperature data, and the operation accuracy of a subsequent comparison procedure and analysis procedure is guaranteed.
The three-dimensional coordinate data and the temperature data of each point of the guide rail of the machine tool can be acquired by driving the first movable driving part and the second movable driving part, so that the overall cost is reduced, the accuracy of monitoring data is ensured, and the working efficiency is improved.
Specifically, in the S3, the first sensor group and the second sensor group monitor temperatures in a plurality of directions of the front, the left side, the right side and the rear of the machine tool and form a temperature field distribution map; and the first sensor group and the second sensor group comprehensively form a real-time three-dimensional model for three-dimensional coordinate points of all parts of the machine tool.
Specifically, in S4, a compensation three-dimensional model is created and formed for the compensation process in S6 by creating the real-time amount of thermal deformation determined in S41.
Specifically, in S5, S51, a finite element model is created; transmitting the real-time three-dimensional model into finite element analysis software through an interface of NX three-dimensional modeling software and ANSYS finite element analysis software, converting the real-time three-dimensional model into a CAE part digital model, dividing grids, and then endowing material properties to grid units to obtain the finite element model of the machine tool.
Specifically, in the step S5, the finite element analysis is performed from the point of view of reducing and balancing the temperature field of the machine tool according to the thermal symmetry and thermal balance principle of the structure, and the tests of the methods of locally heating and locally cooling the model are performed in a virtual manner, so that the temperature field is relatively symmetrical as much as possible, and the temperature change gradient of the machine tool is reduced until the thermal deformation of the machine tool is minimized.
Specifically, in the step S6, the thermal compensation control device includes a heating device, where the heating device includes a thermal compensation control board that sends a control signal to control the heating element to heat the corresponding part of the machine tool, and a heating element that is connected to the thermal compensation control board and receives the control signal to heat the corresponding part of the machine tool, for example: an electric heating tube, etc.;
the thermal compensation control device comprises a cooling device, wherein the cooling device comprises a cooling element for cooling a machine tool; the cooling element is a fan, an oil cooling pipe, an automatic temperature control type oil cooler connected with the oil cooling pipe, and the like.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The thermal deformation test compensation method of the numerical control machine tool is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, establishing an initial three-dimensional model of a machine tool;
s2, starting at least one first sensor group and at least one second sensor group to monitor a data field of the machine tool in real time; the first sensor group is driven back and forth from a first sensing area to monitor the machine tool to form a first data field; the second sensor group is driven back and forth from a second sensing area to monitor the machine tool to form a second data field; the first sensing area is positioned above or below the second sensing area or at least partially overlapped area; the first sensor group is close to the machine tool and comprises a first infrared scanner and a first movable driving component, wherein the first infrared scanner is used for monitoring three-dimensional coordinate points of a structure of the machine tool and temperature fields of the three-dimensional coordinate points, and the first movable driving component drives the first infrared scanner to reciprocate in a first sensing area so that the first infrared scanner can monitor temperatures of a plurality of position points of the machine tool and coordinate points of the structure; and/or the second sensor group is positioned above the first sensor group, the second sensor group comprises a second infrared scanner and a second movable driving component, the second infrared scanner is used for monitoring three-dimensional coordinate points of a structure of the machine tool and temperature fields thereof, and the second movable driving component is used for driving the second infrared scanner to perform reciprocating operation in a second sensing area so that the second infrared scanner monitors the temperatures of a plurality of position points of the machine tool and the coordinate points of the structure;
s3, the control terminal receives the monitored data field in real time and builds a real-time three-dimensional model;
s4, comparing the initial three-dimensional model with the real-time three-dimensional model, and determining the real-time quantity of thermal deformation;
s5, performing finite element analysis and verification, and performing simulation analysis by using ANSYS software to judge whether the deviation between the real-time monitoring data and the predicted data meets the requirement;
s6, controlling the thermal compensation control device to realize thermal deformation compensation of the machine tool.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the first sensor group and the second sensor group monitor temperatures in a plurality of directions on the front, left, right and rear of the machine tool and form a temperature field distribution map; and the first sensor group and the second sensor group comprehensively form a real-time three-dimensional model for three-dimensional coordinate points of all parts of the machine tool.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S4, S41, a compensation three-dimensional model is created from the determined real-time amount of thermal deformation for the compensation process in S6.
4. The method for compensating for thermal deformation test of numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 1, wherein in S5, S51, a finite element model is created; transmitting the real-time three-dimensional model into finite element analysis software through an interface of NX three-dimensional modeling software and ANSYS finite element analysis software, converting the real-time three-dimensional model into a CAE part digital model, dividing grids, and then endowing material properties to grid units to obtain the finite element model of the machine tool.
5. The method for compensating thermal deformation test of numerically-controlled machine tool according to claim 1, wherein in S5, the finite element analysis is performed from the viewpoint of reducing and balancing the temperature field of the machine tool according to the thermal symmetry and thermal balance principle of the structure, and the model is subjected to tests of various methods of local heating and local cooling in a virtual manner, so that the temperature field is relatively symmetrical as much as possible, and the gradient of temperature change of the machine tool is reduced until the thermal deformation of the machine tool is minimized.
6. The thermal deformation test compensation method of the numerically-controlled machine tool according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the thermal compensation control device comprises a heating device, the heating device comprises a thermal compensation control board for sending a control signal to control the heating element to heat the corresponding part of the machine tool, and a heating element connected with the thermal compensation control board and receiving the control signal to heat the corresponding part of the machine tool.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein in S6, the thermal compensation control device includes a cooling device including a cooling element that cools the machine tool.
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| CN114986240A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-02 | 浙江创世纪机械有限公司 | Compensating device for thermal expansion error of machine tool lead screw |
| CN117057254B (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2024-02-20 | 中科航迈数控软件(深圳)有限公司 | Object cooling method based on cooperative use of multiple cooling devices and related equipment |
| CN117572823B (en) * | 2024-01-17 | 2024-03-26 | 深圳市爱贝科精密工业股份有限公司 | Dynamic compensation method and system for thermal expansion of main shaft |
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