CN113263255A - Friction stir welding electromagnetic force increasing device with internal force balancing mechanism and method - Google Patents
Friction stir welding electromagnetic force increasing device with internal force balancing mechanism and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/125—Rotary tool drive mechanism
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Abstract
The invention discloses a friction stir welding electromagnetic force increasing device with an internal force balancing mechanism and a method. The rotating press block system comprises a rotating press block and a ball plunger. When the force increasing requirement is not needed, the worm is locked to form circumferential self-locking with the worm wheel, and the rotating pressing block and the fixing block are guaranteed to form axial self-locking through inclined arc surface pressing, so that self-locking in a column coordinate mode is formed; when the force is increased, the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate for a certain angle after the stirring head is tightly attached to a workpiece to be welded, the rotating pressing block and the fixing block are not tightly attached any more, the forward freedom degree of the main shaft is released, meanwhile, the coil is electrified, the movable platform continues to axially feed, and the effect that the electromagnetic force is superposed on the basis of the mechanical force without increasing the equipment internal force is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of friction stir welding, in particular to a friction stir welding electromagnetic force increasing device with an internal force balancing mechanism and a friction stir welding electromagnetic force increasing method.
Background
Friction stir welding is a new method for joining light metal materials. The material near the stirring head is heated to reach a plastic flowing state through the friction between the stirring head and a workpiece to be welded, when the stirring head moves forward along the direction of a welding line, the plasticized material flows from the front part to the rear part of the stirring head under the action of the rotating friction force of the stirring head, and a compact solid-phase welding line is formed under the extrusion of the stirring head.
The friction stir welding process requires the equipment to output a higher upsetting force, especially at the stage of the stir head piercing the workpiece to be welded. Because the friction stir welding is mainly applied to welding of low-melting-point materials such as aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and the like, the materials are all non-ferromagnetic materials. Considering that the penetrating force of the magnetic field in the non-ferromagnetic material is strong, the capability of outputting high upsetting force during the pricking stage of the equipment can be effectively improved by means of the electromagnetic attraction technology.
In the field of friction stir welding, in terms of utilizing electromagnetic technology, chinese patent application No. CN201610727895.8 discloses a method and an apparatus for realizing flexible inner support of friction stir welding by utilizing electromagnetic technology, and chinese patent application No. CN201910221940.6 discloses a friction stir welding method for realizing back follow-up support by magnetic force. In the two methods, an electromagnet is fixedly connected with friction stir welding equipment on one side of a workpiece to be welded in principle, and a supporting device is mutually attracted with the electromagnet on the other side of the workpiece to be welded, so that the effect of synchronous operation and follow-up supporting of the electromagnet and the workpiece to be welded is achieved.
In the existing technical scheme of friction stir welding electromagnetism, most of electromagnetic devices are fixedly connected with friction welding equipment, and then after an electromagnet is electrified to work, the internal force of the welding equipment is inevitably increased.
Most of the existing friction stir welding adopts a mode that an electromagnetic device is fixedly connected with equipment, although the flexible support of the welding process is realized, the increase of the internal force of the equipment is inevitably caused in the process of the action of the electromagnetic force attraction force, the system burden is aggravated, and the effect of boosting output is also not achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides an electromagnetic force increasing device and method for friction stir welding with an internal force balancing mechanism, which realize the function that electromagnetic force and mechanical force form resultant force when force is required to be increased, the internal force of equipment cannot be increased suddenly when electromagnetic force is applied, and simultaneously ensure reliable circumferential and axial self-locking of a spindle when force is not required to be increased.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a friction stir welding electromagnetic force increasing device with an internal force balancing mechanism is characterized by comprising a force increasing disc, a stirring head, a coil, a ball, a magnetic conduction block, a worm system, a movable platform, a fixed disc, a front self-lubricating ring sleeve, a main shaft, a worm wheel, a rotary pressing block system, a fixed block, an inner self-lubricating ring sleeve and a supporting disc, wherein the rotary pressing block system comprises a rotary pressing block and a ball plunger;
the stirring head is connected to the front end of the main shaft, the fixed disk is fixedly arranged on the movable platform, the power-increasing disk is fixedly arranged at the front part of the main shaft, the magnetic conduction block is detachably fixed on the power-increasing disk, the fixed block is fixedly connected on the power-increasing disk, the magnetic conduction block and the fixed block are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the power-increasing disk in the circumferential direction, the outer ring of the front self-lubricating ring sleeve is in clearance fit with the surface of the inner ring of the worm wheel through a concave-convex groove, the inner ring of the front self-lubricating ring sleeve is in interference fit with the outer ring of the fixed disk to be completely locked, the outer ring of the inner self-lubricating ring sleeve is in interference fit with the inner surface of the movable platform, the inner ring of the inner self-lubricating ring sleeve is in clearance fit with the outer surface of the supporting disk, the supporting disk is fixedly connected with the main shaft, and the main shaft and the movable platform float when the power-increasing platform needs exist through the inner self-lubricating ring sleeve, the coil plate is wound on the outer surface of the magnetic conduction block, the ball is embedded at the front end of the power disc, the stirring head protrudes out of the ball at the front end of the power disc so as to contact with a workpiece to be welded before the ball, and the ball is used for being tightly attached to the surface of the workpiece to be welded during welding operation so as to reduce friction force;
the whole worm system is fixed on the movable platform, a worm in the worm system is matched and connected with a worm wheel, and an interpolation motor for outputting power is arranged in the worm system;
the rotating pressing block system is uniformly fixed on the worm wheel in the circumferential direction, the rotating pressing block is fixedly connected with the worm wheel, and the ball plunger is fixedly connected with the rotating pressing block through threads; the fixed block is provided with a groove matched with the ball plunger in shape for positioning; the rotating pressing block and the fixing block are provided with inclined arc surfaces which are matched with each other.
Further, the worm system comprises a box body, an inserted motor, a worm bearing and an end cover; the box body is fixedly connected with the movable platform, the outer ring of the worm bearing is in interference fit with the box body, the inner ring of the worm bearing is in interference fit with the worm, a motor shaft of the inserted motor is fixedly connected with the worm through a D-shaped shaft hole, and the worm is directly driven by the inserted motor; the shell of the inserted motor is fixedly connected with the box body, and the end cover is fixedly connected with one side of the box body.
Furthermore, a convex surface is arranged at the tail part of the inner cavity of the movable platform, a concave surface is arranged on the outer surface of the main shaft, and the convex surface of the movable platform is matched with the concave surface of the main shaft to realize that the main shaft only has the axial floating capacity when the force increasing requirement exists.
Furthermore, the number of turns of the coil and the current inside the coil can be adjusted.
Furthermore, the rotating pressing block and the fixed block are tightly attached through an inclined arc surface to form self-locking when force boosting is not required, the worm wheel and the worm also form self-locking when force boosting is not required, and the rotating pressing block is matched with the inclined arc surface of the fixed block and the worm wheel and the worm to form a self-locking structure in a cylindrical coordinate mode.
Furthermore, when a force increasing demand exists, the stirring head must be firstly pressed against the workpiece to be welded, the coil is electrified to enable the force increasing disc to be connected with the main shaft and to be attracted to a ferromagnetic substance on the other side of the workpiece to be welded, the rotating pressing block system is driven by the worm wheel and the worm system to rotate for a fixed angle, so that the rotating pressing block is separated from the fixed block, the main shaft has the capability of moving forwards in the axial direction, the pressing state of the stirring head and the workpiece to be welded ensures that the shaft shoulder of the supporting disc is always attached to the movable platform, and the resultant force of mechanical force and electromagnetic force is formed in the process that the movable platform continues to feed axially; and when the force increasing requirement is not needed, the rotating pressing block is always pressed with the fixing block through the inclined arc surface.
The invention also provides an electromagnetic reinforcement method for friction stir welding, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the movable platform is fixedly connected to a rack unit and is positioned on one side of a workpiece to be welded, and the rack unit can realize axial feeding and lateral transverse movement;
(2) fixedly mounting friction stir welding electromagnetic force increasing devices or ferromagnetic supporting units on the other side of the workpiece to be welded in a symmetrical manner;
(3) driven by the frame unit, the whole movable platform installed in the step (1) moves forwards to approach a workpiece to be welded; when a stirring head at the tail end of the main shaft presses a workpiece to be welded, the worm system is started to rotate the worm, and the limitation of forward movement of the main shaft is removed, so that the internal force of the electromagnetic force increasing device for friction stir welding is not increased suddenly when electromagnetic force is applied;
(4) electrifying the coil to generate a magnetic field to enable two sides of the workpiece to be welded to generate mutual attraction, simultaneously axially feeding the rack unit, generating resultant force by mechanical force and electromagnetic force, and when the pressed amount reaches the expectation, enabling the ball to be tightly attached to the workpiece to be welded and losing the power of the coil;
(5) starting a worm system to reversely rotate a worm, rotating a pressing block and a fixing block to be attached again to realize locking of an inclined arc surface, and simultaneously realizing circumferential self-locking of the worm wheel and the worm to complete self-locking in a cylindrical coordinate mode so as to lock a main shaft;
(6) and after the frame unit is moved, returning the frame unit after welding is finished, and taking down the welded workpiece to be welded.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention skillfully utilizes the electromagnetic technology to realize the reinforcement output effect under the requirement of large upsetting force pressing in of friction stir welding.
2. The invention realizes the superposition of electromagnetic force and mechanical force and avoids the increase of the internal force of the equipment when the force is increased by the releasing state of the mechanism.
3. The invention realizes the reliable axial and circumferential column coordinate locking of the main shaft under the condition of no reinforcement requirement by the self-locking state of the mechanism.
4. The electromagnetic force increasing device can control the electromagnetic force increasing by changing the current and the number of turns of the coil, and is convenient to disassemble and assemble.
5. The invention realizes the locking of the principal axis column coordinate form without reinforcement requirement through the column coordinate form releasing and self-locking mechanism, and on the other hand, when the reinforcement requirement is provided, the releasing state of the mechanism also ensures that the internal force of the mechanism is not increased suddenly when the electromagnetic force is applied, the electromagnetic force can be further superposed with the mechanical force to increase the upsetting force, thereby realizing the reinforcement output in the real sense.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view, partly in section and partly enlarged, of the device according to the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the device of the present invention when the rotating pressing block is engaged with the oblique arc surface of the fixed block.
FIG. 4 is a general schematic diagram of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention used for double-sided friction stir welding.
FIG. 5 is a general schematic view of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention used for one side friction stir welding and one side support.
Reference numerals: 1-a power disc, 2-a stirring head, 3-a coil, 4-a ball, 5-a magnetic conduction block, 6-a worm system, 6-1-a box body, 6-2-an inserted motor, 6-3-a worm, 6-4-a worm bearing, 6-5-an end cover, 7-a movable platform, 8-a fixed disc, 9-a front self-lubricating ring sleeve, 10-a main shaft, 11-a worm wheel, 12-a rotary pressing block system, 12-1-a rotary pressing block, 12-2-a ball plunger, 13-a fixed block, 14-an inner self-lubricating ring sleeve, 15-a supporting disc, 16-a rack unit, 17-a supporting unit and 18-a workpiece to be welded.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention provides a friction stir welding electromagnetic force increasing device with an internal force balancing mechanism. A friction stir welding electromagnetic force increasing device with an internal force balance mechanism comprises a force increasing disc 1, a stirring head 2, a coil 3, a ball 4, a magnetic conduction block 5, a worm system 6, a movable platform 7, a fixed disc 8, a front self-lubricating ring sleeve 9, a main shaft 10, a worm wheel 11, a rotating pressing block system 12, a fixed block 13, an inner self-lubricating ring sleeve 14 and a supporting disc 15, wherein the worm system 6 comprises a box body 6-1, an inserted motor 6-2, a worm 6-3, a worm bearing 6-4 and an end cover 6-5; the rotating mass system 12 includes a rotating mass 12-1 and a ball plunger 12-2.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the stirring head 2 is connected to the front end of the main shaft 10 and slightly protrudes from the balls 4 at the front end of the power disc 1 so as to contact with the workpiece 18 to be welded before the balls 4, the fixed disc 8 is fixedly mounted on the movable platform 7, the main shaft 10 is fixedly connected with the power disc 1 through a flange, the magnetic conduction block 5 is detachably fixed on the power disc 1, the fixed block 13 is fixedly connected to the power disc 1, the magnetic conduction block 5 and the fixed block 13 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the power disc 1, the outer ring of the front self-lubricating ring sleeve 9 is in clearance fit with the surface of the inner ring of the worm wheel 11 through a concave-convex groove, the inner ring of the front self-lubricating ring sleeve 9 is in interference fit with the outer ring of the fixed disc 8 to be completely locked, the outer ring of the inner self-lubricating ring sleeve 14 is in interference fit with the inner surface of the movable platform 7, the inner ring of the inner self-lubricating ring sleeve 14 is in clearance fit with the outer surface of the supporting disc 15, and the supporting disc 15 is fixedly connected with the main shaft 10, the main shaft 10, the supporting disc 15 and the movable platform 7 generate floating capacity through the internal self-lubricating ring sleeve 14 when force boosting is required, the coil 3 is wound on the outer surface of the magnetic conduction block 5, the number of turns of the coil 3 and the current inside the coil 3 can be adjusted, the ball 4 is embedded at the front end of the force boosting disc 1 and is tightly attached to the surface of a workpiece 18 to be welded during welding operation, and friction force can be reduced.
As shown in FIG. 2, the worm system 6 is integrally fixed on the movable platform 7, the box body 6-1 is fixedly connected with the movable platform 7, the outer ring of the worm bearing 6-4 is in interference fit with the box body 6-1, the inner ring of the worm bearing 6-4 is in interference fit with the worm 6-3, the motor shaft of the inserted motor 6-2 is fixedly connected with the worm 6-3 through a D-shaped shaft hole, the shell of the inserted motor 6-2 is fixedly connected with the box body 6-1, and the end cover 6-5 is fixedly connected with one side of the box body 6-1.
As shown in figure 2, the rotating pressing block system 12 is uniformly fixed on the worm wheel 11 in the circumferential direction, the rotating pressing block 12-1 is fixedly connected with the worm wheel 11, and the ball plunger 12-2 is fixedly connected with the rotating pressing block 12-1 through threads. The fixed block 13 is provided with a groove matched with the ball plunger 12-2 in shape for positioning; the rotating pressing block 12-1 and the fixing block 13 are provided with inclined arc surfaces which are mutually matched.
As shown in fig. 2, the tail part of the inner cavity of the movable platform 7 is provided with a convex surface, the outer surface of the main shaft 10 is provided with a concave surface, and the movable platform 7 and the main shaft 10 are matched through the convex surface and the concave surface to ensure that the main shaft 10 only has the axial floating capacity when the force is increased.
As shown in FIG. 2, the worm wheel 11 is driven by the worm 6-3, and the worm 6-3 is directly driven by the interpolation motor 6-2.
As shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, the rotating pressing block 12-1 and the fixed block 13 are tightly attached through an inclined arc surface to form self-locking when no force is required, the worm wheel 11 and the worm 6-3 also form self-locking when no force is required, the rotating pressing block 12-1 is matched with the inclined arc surface of the fixed block 13 and the worm wheel 11 is matched with the worm 6-3 to form a self-locking structure in a cylindrical coordinate mode, the ball plunger 12-2 falls into a groove of the fixed block 13, and the ball plunger 12-2 plays a positioning role.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, when force is required to be increased, the stirring head 2 must first press against the workpiece 18 to be welded, the coil 3 is energized, so that the force-increasing disk 1 with the spindle 10 attracts ferromagnetic substances on the other side of the workpiece 18 to be welded, the rotating pressing block system 12 rotates by a certain angle under the driving of the worm wheel 11 and the worm system 6, and the rotating pressing block 12-1 and the fixing block 13 are no longer pressed tightly, so that the spindle 10 has the freedom of axial forward movement, and the electromagnetic force is ensured not to be transmitted backwards, which is equivalent to that the internal force of the friction stir welding electromagnetic force increasing device is not increased suddenly when the electromagnetic force is applied, and simultaneously, because the pressing state of the stirring head 2 and the workpiece 18 to be welded ensures that the shaft shoulder of the supporting disk 15 is tightly attached to the movable platform 7, the resultant force of the mechanical force and the electromagnetic force is formed in the process of the continuous axial feeding of the movable platform 7; when the force increasing requirement is not needed, the rotating pressing block 12-1 is always pressed with the fixing block 13 through the inclined cambered surface.
As shown in fig. 4, embodiment 1 as an application scenario of the present invention:
with reference to fig. 1, 2, 3; the workpiece 18 to be welded is fixed with the ground, the movable platform 7 of the electromagnetic force increasing device for friction stir welding of the embodiment is fixedly connected with the frame unit 16, and it is noted that the frame unit 16 has the capability of axial feeding and lateral moving. The same device is placed in mirror image on the other side of the work piece 18 to be welded. The whole of the lower movable platform 7 is moved forward by the driving of the frame unit 16 to approach the work piece 18 to be welded. When the stirring head 2 at the tail end of the main shaft 10 contacts the workpiece 18 to be welded, the worm 6-3 is rotated, and the forward single-side freedom degree of the main shaft 10 is released. The coils 3 are electrified, it is required to be clear that the electrifying current directions of the coils at the two sides are opposite to ensure that the generated magnetic field enables the force-increasing discs 1 at the two sides to generate mutual attraction with the main shaft 10, meanwhile, the rack unit 16 is axially fed, and at the moment, the mechanical force and the electromagnetic force generate resultant force, because the unilateral freedom degree is released, the electromagnetic force cannot be transmitted to the rack unit 16, namely, the internal force of the mechanism cannot be increased suddenly while the electromagnetic force is applied, the force is increased while the internal force of the rack unit 16 is avoided, and the force is increased in a real sense. When the pressing amount reaches the expected value, the ball 4 is tightly attached to the workpiece 18 to be welded, and the coil 3 is de-energized. And then, the worm 6-3 is rotated reversely, the rotating pressing block 12-1 and the fixing block 13 are attached again to realize locking of the inclined arc surface, and meanwhile, the worm wheel 11 and the worm 6-3 realize circumferential self-locking to complete self-locking in a cylindrical coordinate mode, so that the main shaft 10 is locked. After the frame unit 16 is moved completely, the frame unit 16 is retracted after the welding is completed, and the welded workpiece 18 to be welded can be taken down. In the whole process, the symmetrically arranged devices perform the same synchronous action, so that the mutual supporting and attracting actions on two sides are realized, and the overall upsetting force is improved.
As shown in fig. 5, as another application scenario of the present invention, embodiment 2:
with reference to fig. 1, 2, 3; similar to the application scenario in fig. 4, except that in the application scenario in fig. 5, the movable platform 7 of the electromagnetic force increasing device for friction stir welding of the present invention is attached to the frame unit 16 on one side of the workpiece 18 to be welded, and the ferromagnetic supporting unit 17 is mounted on the frame unit 16 on the other side, it should be noted that the frame unit 16 has the capability of axial feeding and lateral moving. When the force is required to be increased, the force increasing disc 1 on one side and the spindle 10 and the supporting unit 17 are mutually attracted to form electromagnetic force, and when the force is not required to be increased, self-locking in a column coordinate mode is formed, and the core action flow of the releasing and the self-locking is consistent with the description of the application scenario in fig. 3.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The foregoing description of the specific embodiments is intended to describe and illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many changes and modifications to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A friction stir welding electromagnetic force increasing device with an internal force balancing mechanism is characterized by comprising a force increasing disc, a stirring head, a coil, a ball, a magnetic conduction block, a worm system, a movable platform, a fixed disc, a front self-lubricating ring sleeve, a main shaft, a worm wheel, a rotary pressing block system, a fixed block, an inner self-lubricating ring sleeve and a supporting disc, wherein the rotary pressing block system comprises a rotary pressing block and a ball plunger;
the stirring head is connected to the front end of the main shaft, the fixed disk is fixedly arranged on the movable platform, the power-increasing disk is fixedly arranged at the front part of the main shaft, the magnetic conduction block is detachably fixed on the power-increasing disk, the fixed block is fixedly connected on the power-increasing disk, the magnetic conduction block and the fixed block are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the power-increasing disk in the circumferential direction, the outer ring of the front self-lubricating ring sleeve is in clearance fit with the surface of the inner ring of the worm wheel through a concave-convex groove, the inner ring of the front self-lubricating ring sleeve is in interference fit with the outer ring of the fixed disk to be completely locked, the outer ring of the inner self-lubricating ring sleeve is in interference fit with the inner surface of the movable platform, the inner ring of the inner self-lubricating ring sleeve is in clearance fit with the outer surface of the supporting disk, the supporting disk is fixedly connected with the main shaft, and the main shaft and the movable platform float when the power-increasing platform needs exist through the inner self-lubricating ring sleeve, the coil plate is wound on the outer surface of the magnetic conduction block, the ball is embedded at the front end of the power disc, the stirring head protrudes out of the ball at the front end of the power disc so as to contact with a workpiece to be welded before the ball, and the ball is used for being tightly attached to the surface of the workpiece to be welded during welding operation so as to reduce friction force;
the whole worm system is fixed on the movable platform, a worm in the worm system is matched and connected with a worm wheel, and an interpolation motor for outputting power is arranged in the worm system;
the rotating pressing block system is uniformly fixed on the worm wheel in the circumferential direction, the rotating pressing block is fixedly connected with the worm wheel, and the ball plunger is fixedly connected with the rotating pressing block through threads; the fixed block is provided with a groove matched with the ball plunger in shape for positioning; the rotating pressing block and the fixing block are provided with inclined arc surfaces which are matched with each other.
2. The friction stir welding electromagnetic force booster with an internal force balancing mechanism of claim 1 wherein the worm system comprises a housing, an internal insertion motor, a worm bearing and an end cap; the box body is fixedly connected with the movable platform, the outer ring of the worm bearing is in interference fit with the box body, the inner ring of the worm bearing is in interference fit with the worm, a motor shaft of the inserted motor is fixedly connected with the worm through a D-shaped shaft hole, and the worm is directly driven by the inserted motor; the shell of the inserted motor is fixedly connected with the box body, and the end cover is fixedly connected with one side of the box body.
3. The electromagnetic force increasing device for friction stir welding with internal force balance mechanism of claim 1, wherein the tail of the inner cavity of the movable platform is provided with a convex surface, the outer surface of the main shaft is provided with a concave surface, and the convex surface of the movable platform and the concave surface of the main shaft are matched to realize that the main shaft only has axial floating characteristic when the force increasing requirement exists.
4. The electromagnetic force booster of friction stir welding with internal force balancing mechanism of claim 1 wherein the number of turns of said coil, the magnitude and direction of the current inside the coil are adjustable.
5. The electromagnetic force increasing device for friction stir welding with internal force balance mechanism of claim 1, wherein the rotating pressing block and the fixed block are abutted by inclined arc surfaces to form self-locking when no force increasing is required, the worm wheel and the worm are also formed self-locking when no force increasing is required, and the cooperation of the rotating pressing block and the inclined arc surfaces of the fixed block and the cooperation of the worm wheel and the worm form a self-locking structure in a column coordinate form.
6. The electromagnetic force increasing device for friction stir welding with the internal force balancing mechanism is characterized in that when a force increasing demand exists, the stirring head must be firstly pressed against the workpiece to be welded, the coil is electrified to enable the force increasing disc to be connected with the main shaft to be attracted with a ferromagnetic substance on the other side of the workpiece to be welded, the rotating pressing block system is driven by the worm wheel and the worm system to rotate for a fixed angle to enable the rotating pressing block to be separated from the fixed block, the main shaft has the capability of moving axially forwards, and the pressing state of the stirring head and the workpiece to be welded ensures that the shaft shoulder of the supporting disc is always attached to the movable platform, and a resultant force of mechanical force and electromagnetic force is formed in the process of continuous axial feeding of the movable platform; and when the force increasing requirement is not needed, the rotating pressing block is always pressed with the fixing block through the inclined arc surface.
7. A friction stir welding method based on the friction stir welding electromagnetic booster with an internal force balance mechanism according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) the movable platform is fixedly connected to a rack unit and is positioned on one side of a workpiece to be welded, and the rack unit can realize axial feeding and lateral transverse movement;
(2) fixedly mounting friction stir welding electromagnetic force increasing devices or ferromagnetic supporting units on the other side of the workpiece to be welded in a symmetrical manner;
(3) driven by the frame unit, the whole movable platform installed in the step (1) moves forwards to approach a workpiece to be welded; when a stirring head at the tail end of the main shaft presses a workpiece to be welded, the worm system is started to rotate the worm, and the limitation of forward movement of the main shaft is removed, so that the internal force of the electromagnetic force increasing device for friction stir welding is not increased suddenly when electromagnetic force is applied;
(4) electrifying the coil to generate a magnetic field to enable two sides of the workpiece to be welded to generate mutual attraction, simultaneously axially feeding the rack unit, generating resultant force by mechanical force and electromagnetic force, and when the pressed amount reaches the expectation, enabling the ball to be tightly attached to the workpiece to be welded and losing the power of the coil;
(5) starting a worm system to reversely rotate a worm, rotating a pressing block and a fixing block to be attached again to realize locking of an inclined arc surface, and simultaneously realizing circumferential self-locking of the worm wheel and the worm to complete self-locking in a cylindrical coordinate mode so as to lock a main shaft;
(6) and after the frame unit is moved, returning the frame unit after welding is finished, and taking down the welded workpiece to be welded.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN101537529A (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2009-09-23 | 重庆大学 | Pin tool for friction stir welding and ultrafine grain preparation method thereof |
| KR20130094473A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2013-08-26 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Data transmitting apparatus for rotating body of friction stir welding |
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| CN104368906A (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2015-02-25 | 波音公司 | Apparatuses and methods for manipulating curved sheets |
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