CN113265583A - 一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢及其生产工艺 - Google Patents
一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢及其生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RRZKHZBOZDIQJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;manganese Chemical compound N.[Mn] RRZKHZBOZDIQJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017082 Fe-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017133 Fe—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018540 Si C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000915 Free machining steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;silicon Chemical compound [Ca]=[Si] OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical class [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium sulfide Chemical compound [Ca]=S JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYLLWONICXJARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Mn] PYLLWONICXJARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0087—Treatment of slags covering the steel bath, e.g. for separating slag from the molten metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢生产工艺,包括以下步骤:电炉炼钢→LF精炼→VD真空处理→连铸→缓冷→加热→轧制→精整→检测→入库,电炉炼钢步骤中:电炉出钢加入精炼合成渣;LF精炼步骤中:精炼座包快速化渣后补喂铝线,之后不得补喂铝线,LF出站前加硅砂调渣,使VD到站碱度达2.0左右;VD真空处理步骤中:钢包到站先喂硫磺线,硫含量达到目标值,随后真空处理。本发明还公开了一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢,由上述生产工艺制备得到。本发明提供的一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢及其生产工艺,能够有效控制硫化物夹杂且避免浇注过程中形成絮流等问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢及其生产工艺,属于材料冶炼技术领域。
背景技术
汽车曲轴用非调质钢一般指在中碳钢中添加微合金元素(V、Ti、 Nb和N等微量元素),通过控温轧制(锻造)控温冷却、在铁素体和珠光体中弥散析出碳(氮)化合物为强化相,使之在轧制(锻制) 后不经调质处理,即可获得碳素结构钢或合金结构钢经调质处理后所达到的力学性能的钢种,为改善锻造后的切削性能往往向钢种加入大量的硫元素,较高的硫含量传统的冶炼工艺无法满足标准对硫化物夹杂的要求,此类钢种含有较高的锰元素,在凝固过程中形成易变形物质MnS,在后续轧制(锻造)中变形拉长,使金属呈现出各向异性,使产品力学性能恶化,另一方面冶炼此钢种采用Al脱氧,浇注过程中易形成絮流等问题。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是,克服现有技术的缺陷,提供一种能够有效控制硫化物夹杂且避免浇注过程中形成絮流等问题的微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢及其生产工艺。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢生产工艺,包括以下步骤:电炉炼钢→LF精炼→VD真空处理→连铸→缓冷→加热→轧制→精整→检测→入库,
电炉炼钢步骤中:电炉出钢加入精炼合成渣;
LF精炼步骤中:精炼座包快速化渣后补喂铝线,之后不得补喂铝线,LF出站前加硅砂调渣,使VD到站碱度达2.0左右;
VD真空处理步骤中:钢包到站先喂硫磺线,硫含量达到目标值,随后真空处理。
电炉炼钢步骤中:终点碳质量分数为:0.08~0.30%;目标磷质量分数为≤0.010%;目标温度≥1580℃。
LF精炼步骤中:精炼前期根据渣况补加0~100kg石灰进行调渣,采用Fe-Si粉及Si-C渣面扩散脱氧,白渣时间≥20min,冶炼时间≥35min。
LF精炼步骤中:LF精炼过程保持氩气通畅,前期适当调大氩气搅拌,促进脱氧及合金化,中期加合金阶段均保持氩气中等氩气强度,精炼后期避免钢水翻滚氧化。
VD真空处理步骤中:破空喂入氮化锰线增氮、喂钛线增钛、喂硅钙线50~60m/炉,进行钙处理,喂线顺序为氮化锰线→钛线→硅钙线,根据硫损失情况可适量补喂硫磺线。
连铸步骤中:浇注低过热度,过热度在14~35℃之间,两段水冷却全部开启,一段冷水3300L/min,二段冷水380-1;结晶器电磁搅拌250A/2Hz,铸流搅拌200A/8Hz,末搅1100A/8Hz,拉速0.65m/min。
一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢,其特征在于:由上述微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢生产工艺制备得到。
其化学成分及质量百分比如下:C:0.37~0.42%、Si:0.50~0.65%、 Mn:1.30~1.50%、P:≤0.025%、S:0.050~0.060%、Cr:0.10~0.20%、 Ni:0.1~0.15%、Cu:≤0.20%、Mo:≤0.05%、V:0.10~0.13%、Nb:≤0.03%、 Ti:0.010~0.030%、Al:0.010~0.025%、H:≤2ppm、O:≤30ppm、N: 150~170ppm,其它为Fe及残余元素。
本发明的有益效果:本发明提供的一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢及其生产工艺,在炼钢过程中前期加强脱氧,电炉出钢加入大量精炼合成渣,LF精炼快速达到白渣,快速将氧脱到目标水平,在冶炼过程中不补Al,避免LF精炼过程中大颗粒Al2O3生成,使冶炼前期生成的大颗粒Al2O3充分上浮;LF出站前加硅砂调整渣系为后续增硫做准备,VD真空前喂硫线,达到增硫的目的,真空后进行钙处理对夹杂物变形,一方面对Al2O3变性使其生成低熔点 12CaO.7Al2O3、3CaO.Al2O3等钙铝酸盐聚合长大上浮,另一方面生成细小的高熔点CaS,CaS和残余的细小钙铝酸盐在凝固过程中成为 MnS形核的核心,在后续轧制(锻造)过程中阻止生成长条状硫化物,最终硫化物以弥散的纺锤状存在与基体当中,大大降低了产品的各向异性。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明作进一步描述,以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
本发明公开一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢生产工艺,该工艺包括如下步骤:电炉炼钢→LF精炼→VD真空处理→连铸→缓冷→加热→轧制→精整→检测→入库。
其中,电炉炼钢阶段的具体工艺要求为:①终点碳质量分数:0.08~0.30%;②目标磷质量分数≤0.010%;③目标温度≥1580℃;④出钢前打开底吹氩气,出钢过程中全程吹氩,电炉出钢105t,出钢严禁下渣,出钢结束后及时吊至LF工位;⑤出钢:添加石灰500kg,促净剂400kg,出钢铝120kg/炉;硅锰1663kg,硅铁合金109kg,前期初步合金化,并充分脱氧。
其中,LF精炼阶段的工艺为:①精炼座包快速化渣后补喂铝线,以促进前期脱氧,之后不得补喂铝线,一方面前期生成的大颗粒Al2O3充分上浮,另一方面防止后期大颗粒Al2O3生成,快速进入白渣阶段;②精炼前期根据渣况补加0~100kg石灰进行调渣,采用Fe-Si粉及 Si-C渣面扩散脱氧,白渣时间≥20min,冶炼时间≥35min;LF出站前加硅砂调渣,使VD到站碱度达2.0左右;③LF精炼过程保持氩气通畅,前期适当调大氩气搅拌,促进脱氧及合金化,中期加合金阶段均保持氩气中等氩气强度,精炼后期避免钢水翻滚氧化。
其中,VD真空处理阶段具体工艺要求为:①钢包到站先喂硫磺线,硫含量达到目标值;②随后真空处理,最高真空度≤67pa,高真空保持时间≥12min,软吹时间≥15min,确保夹杂物充分上浮;③破空喂入氮化锰线增氮、喂钛线增钛、喂硅钙线50-60m/炉,进行钙处理,喂线顺序为氮化锰线→钛线→硅钙线,根据硫损失情况可适量补喂硫磺线。
其中,连铸阶段的具体工艺要求为:①浇注低过热度,过热度在 14-35℃之间,两段水冷却全部开启,一冷水3300L/min,二冷水380-1 (1区55L/min、2a区37L/min、2b区11L/min),有效控制枝晶产生,进而控制枝晶偏析;②结晶器电磁搅拌250(A)/2Hz,铸流搅拌200(A)/8Hz,末搅1100(A)/8Hz,拉速0.65m/min,有效控制低倍质量及中心偏析,减弱MnS的中心偏析。本阶段中,控制硫化物主要是控制MnS的析出,MnS的析出是在枝晶之间微观的残余液相中出现,析出单一的MnS会使轧制(锻造)后力学性能恶化,所以经过 VD工序钙处理后,MnS以钙铝酸盐、硫化钙为核心,进而控制MnS 的析出。
本发明还公开一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢,由上述微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢生产工艺制备得到。
实施例1:通过电炉炼钢、LF精炼、VD真空处理、连铸、缓冷、轧制获得圆钢,它包含如下质量百分比的化学成分(单位, wt%):C:0.38%、Si:0.62%、Mn:1.39%、P:0.012%、S:0.054%、 Cr:0.17%、Ni:0.12%、Cu:0.018%、Mo:0.018%、V:0.1%、Nb:0.015%、 Ti:0.013%、Al:0.015%、H:1.2ppm、O:8.9ppm、N:157ppm,其他为Fe及残余元素。通过轧制后检测硫化物夹杂(Ae、A)。检测结果如下表。该钢种硫化物夹杂标准要求≤3.0级,通过该工艺的实施,有效的控制了硫化物夹杂。
实施例2:通过电炉炼钢、LF精炼、VD真空处理、连铸、缓冷、轧制获得圆钢,它包含如下质量百分比的化学成分(单位, wt%):C:0.39%、Si:0.62%、Mn:1.39%、P:0.012%、S:0.051%、 Cr:0.17%、Ni:0.12%、Cu:0.015%、Mo:0.016%、V:0.11%、Nb:0.003%、 Ti:0.015%、Al:0.015%、H:0.9ppm、O:15.5ppm、N:159ppm,其他为Fe及残余元素。通过轧制后检测硫化物夹杂(Ae、A)。检测结果如下表。该钢种硫化物夹杂标准要求≤3.0级,通过该工艺的实施,有效的控制了硫化物夹杂。
从上述结果可知,本申请通过电炉、LF精炼、VD、连铸参数的设定,形成一套完整的微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢生产工艺,通过此工艺的实施可以有效控制硫化物夹杂,成品质量满足标准要求。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出:对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢生产工艺,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:电炉炼钢→LF精炼→VD真空处理→连铸→缓冷→加热→轧制→精整→检测→入库,
电炉炼钢步骤中:电炉出钢加入精炼合成渣;
LF精炼步骤中:精炼座包快速化渣后补喂铝线,之后不得补喂铝线,LF出站前加硅砂调渣,使VD到站碱度达2.0左右;
VD真空处理步骤中:钢包到站先喂硫磺线,硫含量达到目标值,随后真空处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢生产工艺,其特征在于:电炉炼钢步骤中:终点碳质量分数为:0.08~0.30%;目标磷质量分数为≤0.010%;目标温度≥1580℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢生产工艺,其特征在于:LF精炼步骤中:精炼前期根据渣况补加0~100kg石灰进行调渣,采用Fe-Si粉及Si-C渣面扩散脱氧,白渣时间≥20min,冶炼时间≥35min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢生产工艺,其特征在于:LF精炼步骤中:LF精炼过程保持氩气通畅,前期适当调大氩气搅拌,促进脱氧及合金化,中期加合金阶段均保持氩气中等氩气强度,精炼后期避免钢水翻滚氧化。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢生产工艺,其特征在于:VD真空处理步骤中:破空喂入氮化锰线增氮、喂钛线增钛、喂硅钙线50~60m/炉,进行钙处理,喂线顺序为氮化锰线→钛线→硅钙线,根据硫损失情况可适量补喂硫磺线。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢生产工艺,其特征在于:连铸步骤中:浇注低过热度,过热度在14~35℃之间,两段水冷却全部开启,一段冷水3300L/min,二段冷水380-1;结晶器电磁搅拌250A/2Hz,铸流搅拌200A/8Hz,末搅1100A/8Hz,拉速0.65m/min。
7.一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢,其特征在于:由上述权利要求1到6任一项所述微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢生产工艺制备得到。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种微合金易切削汽车曲轴用非调钢,其特征在于:其化学成分及质量百分比如下:C:0.37~0.42%、Si:0.50~0.65%、Mn:1.30~1.50%、P:≤0.025%、S:0.050~0.060%、Cr:0.10~0.20%、Ni:0.1~0.15%、Cu:≤0.20%、Mo:≤0.05%、V:0.10~0.13%、Nb:≤0.03%、Ti:0.010~0.030%、Al:0.010~0.025%、H:≤2ppm、O:≤30ppm、N:150~170ppm,其它为Fe及残余元素。
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