CN113250155A

CN113250155A - Dam migration device of adaptable water level

Info

Publication number: CN113250155A
Application number: CN202110776336.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李飞
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-05-16
Filing date: 2021-07-09
Publication date: 2021-08-13
Also published as: CN113089596A

Abstract

A dam migration device capable of adapting to water level comprises a dam passing pipe, a rising pipe, a connecting pipe and a dam lower pipe. The top of the ascending pipe at the high position is provided with a vent valve, the tops of other ascending pipes are provided with vent pipes, the vent valve is provided with a resetting device, the switch of the vent valve is provided with a linkage device, and the linkage device is connected with a floater arranged in the dam. The migration device adjusts the ventilation valve along with the water level through the floater and the linkage device, so that the water flow speed of the channel is controlled, and the migration device is suitable for automatic adjustment of the water level within the range of 10 meters. The riser is provided with a vent pipe, so that the pipeline can keep pressure and slow down the speed of water flow inside. A retarding channel and a crawling channel are arranged in the ascending pipe, so that small fishes with poor physical strength and crawling migration organisms can migrate conveniently. The device can automatically adapt to the water level change in the dam within a range, the water absorption pressure is adjusted in a linkage mode, the proper water flow speed is kept, the formed migration channel is good in effect, the dam is protected, the migration ecological resources are protected, and the device is worthy of popularization and application.

Description

Dam migration device of adaptable water level

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of ecological protection devices, in particular to a dam migration device capable of adapting to water level.

Background

The specific life habits of fishes in migration part include reproductive migration, bait migration, overwintering migration and the like, and when migration is blocked, the lives of the fishes are seriously threatened and even endanger the continuation of species of the fishes.

Along with the improvement of living standard of people, more and more dams are built on rivers, and the dams are mainly used for irrigation, power generation, water supply, shipping and the like and have important significance. However, the dam blocks the migration channel, which may lead to the extinction of the migratory fish race and the damage to ecology is increasingly aggravated. By 2017, 58500 large dams are registered by the national dam committee, and the dam established in China is the first in the world. Therefore, establishing a fish migration channel aiming at the dam is an urgent problem to be solved for protecting ecology.

The existing migration device or facility adopts a corridor ladder type, a transition trough type and the like, but an established migration channel is discontinuous, and only a few fishes can pass through the migration channel. The dam water level can change, and if the migration device cannot be linked with the dam water level, the effect of the migration channel can be obviously reduced. The substantial problem of the migration passage of the dam cannot be really solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the difficulties in the background art and provides a dam migration device which can adapt to water level.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme is as follows:

a dam migration device capable of adapting to water level comprises a dam passing pipe, ascending pipes, connecting pipes and a dam lower pipe, wherein the dam passing pipe is arranged across a dam, the dam lower pipe is arranged close to the downstream of the dam, a plurality of ascending pipes are connected through the connecting pipes, and the dam passing pipe, the ascending pipes, the connecting pipes and the dam lower pipe are connected to form a migration channel; the top of the ascending pipe at the high position is provided with a vent valve, the tops of other ascending pipes are provided with vent pipes, the vent valve is provided with a resetting device, a switch of the vent valve is provided with a linkage device, and the linkage device is connected with a floater arranged in the dam; the vent valve and the outlet of the vent pipe are in a bent shape.

Furthermore, the inclination angle of the ascending pipe and the horizontal line is 10-15 degrees.

Furthermore, the ventilation valves are arranged in a plurality of numbers, the height interval is 1-2 meters, and the total height interval is 10 meters.

Furthermore, the plurality of vent pipes are arranged, and the height interval is 5-10 meters.

Furthermore, the dam-crossing pipe is connected with a dam-entering pipe through a flexible connecting pipe, the dam-entering pipe extends to a position where the outlet of the dam-entering pipe is far away from the dam by 50-100 meters, and a floatable sun shield is arranged at the outlet of the dam-entering pipe; and a check valve (13) is arranged on the dam inlet pipe.

Furthermore, the ascending pipe and the connecting pipe are fixedly arranged close to the wall, the inner side of the connecting pipe is in a straight wall shape, and the outer side of the connecting pipe is in an outward convex arc shape.

Furthermore, a main channel and two auxiliary channels are arranged in the ascending pipe.

Furthermore, a manual valve is arranged at the top of the dam-passing pipe.

Further, the outlet of the dam inlet pipe is in a bent shape.

Furthermore, the auxiliary passage comprises a retarding passage and a creeping passage, an auxiliary device is arranged in the retarding passage, the auxiliary device comprises partition plates arranged at intervals and a guide pipe arranged between the partition plates, and the bottom of the creeping passage is provided with an anti-skidding device.

The beneficial effect who adopts above-mentioned scheme does: the dam migration device capable of adapting to the water level is provided with an ascending pipe, a connecting pipe and a dam inlet pipe, and a tortuous dam crossing migration channel is formed. The ascending pipe is provided with a vent pipe and a vent valve, so that the pipeline can be properly ventilated, and the internal water flow speed is relieved. A retarding channel and a crawling channel are arranged in the ascending pipe, so that small fishes with poor physical strength and crawling migration organisms can migrate conveniently. The dam inlet pipe is connected to the floating sun shield through the flexible connecting pipe, so that the dam inlet pipe can float with the water level in the dam. The vent valve on the riser is connected to the float in the dam through a linkage device to enable the linkage.

The device can automatically adapt to the water level change in the dam within a range, the water absorption pressure is adjusted in a linkage mode, the proper water flow speed is kept, the formed migration channel is good in effect, the dam is protected, the migration ecological resources are protected, and the device is worthy of popularization and application.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a dam migration apparatus adaptable to water level according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of an ascending pipe and a connecting pipe according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of an embodiment of the rising pipe of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of an embodiment of the rising pipe of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of an embodiment of the rising pipe of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the auxiliary channel of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the dam inlet pipe of the present invention.

In the figure, a dam-passing pipe-1, a rising pipe-2, a vent pipe-3, a gate valve-4, a connecting pipe-5, a lower dam pipe-6, a sun shield-8, a flexible connecting pipe-11, a dam inlet pipe-12, a check valve-13, a main channel-21, an auxiliary channel-22, an auxiliary device-23, a vent valve-31, a linkage device-32, a floater-33 and a manual valve-34.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are shown in the drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated.

It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1-5, a dam migration apparatus capable of adapting to water level includes a dam-passing pipe 1, a rising pipe 2, a connecting pipe 5 and a dam-falling pipe 6, wherein the dam-passing pipe 1 is disposed across a dam, the dam-falling pipe 6 is disposed adjacent to a downstream of the dam, a plurality of the rising pipes 2 are connected by the connecting pipe 5, and the dam-passing pipe 1, the rising pipe 2, the connecting pipe 5 and the dam-falling pipe 6 are connected to form a migration channel. The pipelines can be connected by welding or flanges, and the inner wall of the joint cannot have obvious burrs so as to avoid damaging the migratory fishes.

The top of the ascending pipe 2 at a high position is provided with a vent valve 31, the tops of other ascending pipes 2 are provided with vent pipes 3, the vent pipes 3 and the vent valves 31 can adjust the air pressure inside the pipeline, so that the water flow speed is slowed down, and migratory fishes can migrate upstream. The vent pipe 3 and the vent valve 31 can also increase the oxygen content of the water flow in the migration pipeline. The outlet of the vent valve 31 and the vent pipe 3 is in a bent shape, so that strong light is prevented from being injected into the pipeline, and the migration success rate of fishes is influenced by light injected into the pipeline. The inclination angle of the ascending pipe 2 and the horizontal line is 10-15 degrees, so that the water flow speed can be ensured to be smooth, and more fishes can successfully migrate upstream.

And a gate valve 4 is arranged on the rear section of the ascending pipe 2 connected with the dam-passing pipe 1, when the migration device is filled with water for the first time, the gate valve 4 needs to be closed, the ascending pipe 2 is filled with water, and then the gate valve 4 is opened. The ascending pipe 2 can automatically suck the water of the dam reservoir to flow downwards, and then a migration channel is established.

The vent valve 31 is provided with a return means, such as a return spring, so that it closes under the action of an external force and automatically opens when the external force disappears. The switch of the vent valve 31 is provided with a linkage device 32, and the linkage device 32 is connected with a floater 33 arranged in the dam. The linkage 32 can adopt a pulley pull rope or a brake pull rope (a hard sleeve and a lubricating steel pull rope), when the water level of the dam body is lowered, the floater 33 is also lowered, and the linkage 32 pulls the first vent valve 31 to close. The water absorption capacity of the ascending pipe 2 is increased, so that water in the dam with the lowered water level can be absorbed. If the water level continues to drop, the float 33 also continues to drop, and the linkage 32 continues to pull on, and thus pulls the next vent valve 31 until equilibrium is maintained.

The ventilation valves 31 are provided in plurality, the height interval is 1-2 meters, and the total height interval is 10 meters. Correspondingly, each vent valve 31 and the linkage device 32 are provided with a linkage margin of 1-2 meters, so that each time the float 33 descends 1-2 meters, one vent valve 31 is triggered.

In this embodiment, the pressure in the rising pipe 2 can be adjusted by the vent pipe 3 and the vent valve 31, and the pressure is further kept in conjunction with the water level by the interlocking device 32. Thereby ensuring a continuous water flow channel and controlling the water flow speed. Without the adjustable vent valve 31, the velocity of the water in the riser 2 would be very high when the dam is at a high level above the vent pipe 3, making it difficult for fish to swim upwards. When the water level of the dam is lower than the vent pipe 3, the water absorption depth of the ascending pipe 2 is not enough, and the flow cutoff can occur.

Therefore, the ventilation valve 31 and the linkage device 32 can automatically adapt to different water levels (within 10 meters) of the dam body, and the effectiveness of the migration channel is kept and guaranteed. The vent valves 31 are arranged at the height interval of 1-2 meters, so that the difference of the water flow speed adjusted in a linkage manner can be kept below 20%, and the migration success rate of the fishes is remarkably improved.

The number of the vent pipes 3 is multiple, and the height interval is 5-10 meters. The dam-crossing pipe 1 is connected with a dam-entering pipe 12 through a flexible connecting pipe 11, the dam-entering pipe 12 extends to a position where the outlet of the dam-entering pipe 12 is far away from the dam by 50-100 meters, and a floatable sun shield 8 is arranged at the outlet of the dam-entering pipe 12. After migration is completed, the fishes also migrate to the place of downstream life, and the fishes do not like to be close to the dam. The dam inlet pipe 12 extends to a position where the outlet of the dam inlet pipe is 50-100 meters away from the dam, and a sun shield 8 is arranged at the outlet of the dam inlet pipe, so that the fish can conveniently find a passage when migrating downstream. The outlet of the dam pipe 12 is curved to prevent floating objects from flowing into the blocked channel.

After the dam entering pipe 12 and the sun shield 8 descend with the water level for more than 10 meters, the dam entering pipe and the sun shield can be supported by a fixed supporting device, and the range of the dam entering pipe and the sun shield can be limited by a pull rod movably fixed on the dam wall. The top of the dam-crossing pipe 1 can be provided with a manual valve 34, and a channel can be blocked by opening the manual valve 34, so that the channel is convenient to overhaul, or the channel is closed in a non-migration season. When the migration channel is established to be communicated with water, the manual valve 34 can be used for filling water, the gate valve 4 is closed, the check valve 13 is used for enabling the dam inlet pipe 12, the dam passing pipe 1 and the ascending pipe 2 to be filled with water, the manual valve 34 is closed, the gate valve 4 is opened, and the migration water channel can be simply formed.

The ascending pipe 2 and the connecting pipe 5 are fixedly arranged close to the wall, the inner side of the connecting pipe 5 is in a straight wall shape, and the outer side of the connecting pipe 5 is in an outward convex arc shape, as shown in fig. 2. The width of the connecting pipe 5 is large, the buffer area for changing the direction of water flow is formed, the water flow speed is low, fishes can temporarily rest at the connecting pipe 5, and the situation that the upstream distance is too long and the body force is not sufficient is prevented. The ascending pipe 2 can be installed and fixed through an installation and fixing mechanism. Such as a hoop arrangement, a flange ring arrangement, etc. The inner diameter of the migration pipeline is larger than or equal to 1.5-2 times of the maximum individual migratory fish. The width of the connecting pipe 5 is equal to 1.2-1.5 times of the length of the maximum individual migratory fish. The body width and the body length of the individual maximum migratory fish can be estimated according to the size of rivers and the size of fishes. The pipeline arrangement can enable the maximum individual migratory fish to pass through smoothly, ensure the success rate of upstream migration of the fish, and avoid the phenomenon of pipeline blockage.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 3-5, the rising pipe 2 may be provided in a square or circular shape, and one main passage 21 and 1-2 auxiliary passages 22 are provided in the rising pipe 2. Auxiliary channel 22 contains the slow speed passageway and/or the passageway of crawling, be equipped with auxiliary device 23 in the slow speed passageway both sides interval, auxiliary device 23 contains the baffle that the interval set up and the pipe between the baffle, and auxiliary device 23 can show and slow down through water velocity wherein, is fit for some small fishes and carries out the migration, and the small fishes can follow the pipe migration between the baffle the bottom of the passageway of crawling has anti-skidding to set up, and the passageway of crawling can set up at the pipeline top, reduces its water yield, and the bottom plate of the passageway of crawling sets up to netted or carries out other anti-skidding and handles, can make things convenient for class biology of crawling such as soft-shelled turtle to carry out the migration. The large-scale fish is strong in physical strength, the upward pipe 2 is subjected to forcible sprint at times, the difficulty in migration of the soft-shelled turtles and the small-scale fish is increased due to the fact that one channel is shared, and the success rate of migration of the soft-shelled turtles and the small-scale fish can be remarkably increased due to the fact that the independent auxiliary channel 22 is arranged for the small-scale fish.

The migration success rate and the device cost are influenced by the inclination angle of the ascending pipe 2 and the horizontal line, and the migration success rate of the angle is improved at 11-13 degrees. Furthermore, the best effect can be obtained by setting the inclination angle of the ascending pipe 2 and the horizontal line to be 12 degrees, and verification proves that the migration success rate of the migration device is remarkably improved, the upward migration success rate can reach 96%, and the downward migration success rate can reach 100%. And the device can automatically adapt to the water level change of the dam within the range, large-sized fish cannot influence the migration of soft-shelled turtles and small-sized fish, a good solution is provided for the construction of a dam migration channel, the device is worthy of popularization and application, and the migration ecological resources are protected.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a dam migration device of adaptable water level, contains dam pipe (1), tedge (2), connecting pipe (5) and dam low reaches (6), dam pipe (1) is crossed the dam setting, dam low reaches (6) are near dam low reaches setting, and are a plurality of tedge (2) are connected through connecting pipe (5), dam pipe (1), tedge (2), connecting pipe (5) and dam low reaches (6) are connected and are formed the migration passageway, characterized by:

the top of the ascending pipe (2) positioned at a high position is provided with a vent valve (31), the tops of other ascending pipes (2) are provided with vent pipes (3), the vent valve (31) is provided with a resetting device, a switch of the vent valve (31) is provided with a linkage device (32), and the linkage device (32) is connected with a floater (33) arranged in a dam; the vent valve (31) and the outlet of the vent pipe (3) are in a bent shape.

2. The dam migration apparatus adaptable to water level of claim 1, wherein: the inclination angle of the ascending pipe (2) and the horizontal line is 10-15 degrees.

3. The dam migration apparatus adaptable to water level of claim 1, wherein: the ventilation valves (31) are arranged in a plurality, the height interval is 1-2 meters, and the total height interval is 10 meters.

4. The dam migration apparatus adaptable to water level of claim 1, wherein: the number of the vent pipes (3) is multiple, and the height interval is 5-10 meters.

5. The dam migration apparatus adaptable to water level of claim 1, wherein: the dam-crossing pipe (1) is connected with a dam-entering pipe (12) through a flexible connecting pipe (11), the dam-entering pipe (12) extends to a position where an outlet of the dam-entering pipe is 50-100 meters away from a dam, and a floatable sun shield (8) is arranged at the outlet of the dam-entering pipe (12); and a check valve (13) is arranged on the dam inlet pipe (12).

6. The dam migration apparatus adaptable to water level of claim 1, wherein: the ascending pipe (2) and the connecting pipe (5) are fixedly installed close to the wall, the inner side of the connecting pipe (5) is in a straight wall shape, and the outer side of the connecting pipe is in an outward convex arc shape.

7. The dam migration apparatus adaptable to water level of claim 1, wherein: the ascending pipe (2) is internally provided with a main channel (21) and two auxiliary channels (22).

8. The dam migration apparatus adaptable to water level of claim 1, wherein: and a manual valve (34) is arranged at the top of the dam-passing pipe (1).

9. The dam migration apparatus adaptable to water level of claim 5, wherein: the outlet of the dam inlet pipe (12) is in a bent shape.

10. The water level adaptable dam migration apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the auxiliary passage (22) comprises a retarding passage and a crawling passage, an auxiliary device (23) is arranged in the retarding passage, the auxiliary device (23) comprises partition plates arranged at intervals and guide pipes arranged between the partition plates, and the bottom of the crawling passage is provided with an anti-skidding device.