CN113219223B - Totally-enclosed rectangular terahertz darkroom - Google Patents
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- CN113219223B CN113219223B CN202110304855.3A CN202110304855A CN113219223B CN 113219223 B CN113219223 B CN 113219223B CN 202110304855 A CN202110304855 A CN 202110304855A CN 113219223 B CN113219223 B CN 113219223B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a totally-enclosed rectangular terahertz darkroom, wherein the wall of the darkroom is made of a three-dimensional framework nickel material, so that high-efficiency and high-bandwidth absorption of terahertz waves can be realized, and the darkroom is simple and cheap to process and high in practicability; the shielding of external terahertz waves can be realized; leakage of internal terahertz waves can be suppressed; the reflection and scattering of the internal terahertz wave can be greatly attenuated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of terahertz wave stealth and shielding, and particularly relates to a totally-enclosed rectangular terahertz darkroom.
Background
The electromagnetic wave darkroom is an electromagnetic measuring environment close to a free space, and can inhibit multipath reflection interference of internal electromagnetic waves by absorbing as much electromagnetic waves as possible and shield external electromagnetic interference. With the rapid development of science and technology, the electromagnetic environment in the space is more and more complex, the mutual influence of various electromagnetic devices is more and more large, and the test result of the electromagnetic wave device in the open space is inaccurate due to the interaction between the electromagnetic waves. At present, technical means and design schemes of electromagnetic wave darkrooms in microwave frequency bands are quite mature, and reports of relevant darkrooms are not found in terahertz frequency bands. In recent years, a plurality of microwave darkrooms are built, by the method, electromagnetic interference in natural environment can be prevented from acting inside the darkroom, partial experimental errors are effectively avoided, electromagnetic waves inside the darkroom are prevented from leaking out, and a shielding layer is formed between the space inside and outside the darkroom. Meanwhile, due to the absorption capacity of the wave-absorbing material laid in the darkroom to the microwave, the reflection and the scattering generated when the electromagnetic signal transmitted by the source antenna hits the wall and the barrier can be reduced or even eliminated. Finally, when the electromagnetic waves are incident on the wall of the darkroom, the electromagnetic waves can enter the wall material of the darkroom to the maximum extent without being reflected as much as possible, and the electromagnetic waves entering the wall material of the darkroom can be quickly attenuated as much as possible. The electromagnetic experiment environment in the darkroom is closer to the free space, the construction of the microwave darkroom requires a large amount of engineering, the investment is high, and the electromagnetic experiment environment is difficult to change after the microwave darkroom is formed.
Terahertz waves refer to electromagnetic waves with a frequency in the range of 0.1THz to 10THz, which is a frequency band that is between microwave and infrared and is a transition from macroscopic electronics to microscopic electronics. With the continuous and deep research on terahertz wave bands, various terahertz emission detection technologies are developed rapidly, terahertz waves have remarkable potential in the sixth generation of emerging communication technology (6G), and the research in the fields of strong source, transmission, modulation, absorption and the like of terahertz waves is endless in recent years. The building of the terahertz darkroom close to the free space has important significance for improving the accuracy of the terahertz measurement experiment, purifying the terahertz experiment environment and reducing the terahertz wave pollution.
Although the related technologies such as terahertz emission, detection and the like are developed rapidly at present, the establishment of a terahertz darkroom is of great significance for the establishment of a good terahertz experimental environment. However, no relevant report about the terahertz darkroom exists at home and abroad at present, and the main reason is that the construction of the terahertz darkroom is difficult to realize due to the fact that the terahertz wave high-efficiency broadband stealth cheap and practical materials are lacked. In the terahertz wave band, because the wavelength is short, unlike the microwave having a long wavelength, the influence factors such as the positions of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, the size of the darkroom and the like need to be comprehensively considered in the design process of the microwave darkroom, and because of the unique frequency band advantage of the darkroom design of the terahertz wave band, the material selection of the wall of the darkroom and the structural form of the darkroom become two main places to be considered in the design of the darkroom. (two cases in terahertz darkroom design)
The darkroom mainly has the following structural forms in the microwave frequency band: (a) the device comprises a fully-closed rectangular dark room, (b) a fully-closed conical dark room, (c) a semi-open rectangular dark room, (d) a semi-open conical dark room, (e) a raised semi-open rectangular dark room, (f) a rectangular dark room with an opening in the vertical direction and the like. These structures cannot be freely constructed in terms of structure and size due to the long wavelength of the microwave in the design, and have certain limitations. In the terahertz wave band, only the connection problem of the junction of materials is needed to be considered in the structural form of the darkroom, the problems of cross polarization degree, field amplitude uniformity and the like are not needed to be considered, the structure of the darkroom can be designed at will, and the flexibility and convenience in designing the terahertz darkroom are relatively obvious. The material selection of the wall of the darkroom is the most critical place for the construction of the terahertz darkroom, and is also the key bottleneck for the current terahertz darkroom not to start. Most of wave-absorbing materials in the terahertz field reported at present mainly comprise a metamaterial and a carbon-based material, wherein the metamaterial realizes super-strong absorption of a single frequency point of terahertz waves by utilizing the structural characteristics of the metamaterial, the limitation is that the wave-absorbing bandwidth is relatively narrow, people conduct extensive research on widening the wave-absorbing bandwidth, but the effect is not ideal up to now. The carbon-based material absorbs the terahertz waves by utilizing the material characteristics of the carbon-based material, the absorption bandwidth is relatively wide, but the absorption efficiency is low, and the absorption bandwidth is just complementary with the performance of the wave-absorbing material mainly made of the metamaterial. Still a small part of materials are emerging foam materials appearing in recent years, and typical materials are graphene oxide foam, MXene and graphene oxide doped foam, other foam-like MXene two-dimensional metal sheets and the like, and the materials can realize high-efficiency broadband absorption of terahertz waves and have the performance of both absorption efficiency and absorption bandwidth. The limitation lies in that the processing difficulty is high, the requirement on the processing technology is high, the material is unstable in air and easy to oxidize, the material is extremely easy to damage, and the distance from the practical large-scale application is long.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the totally-enclosed rectangular terahertz darkroom, the wall of the darkroom is made of a three-dimensional framework nickel material, the terahertz waves can be efficiently absorbed with high bandwidth, and the fully-enclosed rectangular terahertz darkroom is simple and cheap to process and has strong practicability. The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a totally closed rectangle terahertz darkroom, its characterized in that, terahertz darkroom is totally closed rectangle structure, and airtight space can guarantee terahertz darkroom inside environment does not receive outside terahertz wave interference, guarantees simultaneously that terahertz wave inside darkroom can't take place to leak, the darkroom wall of terahertz darkroom adopts three-dimensional skeleton nickel material, and the darkroom wall thickness is not less than 2 mm.
Furthermore, the structure of the terahertz darkroom can be directly designed according to the field size without considering the positions of the terahertz emission source and the receiving source and the size of the darkroom.
Furthermore, the terahertz darkroom has the performance of shielding terahertz waves and eliminating internal terahertz wave pollution, the terahertz waves cannot penetrate through the terahertz darkroom at all, and the transmittance of the terahertz waves is 0; under different terahertz wave incident angles, the maximum value of the reflected signal and the scattered signal is less than 1% of the incident signal within the frequency range of 0.2-2.5 THz.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the low-cost and practical full-closed rectangular terahertz darkroom is designed for the first time, the structural design is flexible and convenient, and the reconfigurability is high. Factors such as complex wavelength, the position of an emission source, the size of a darkroom and the like do not need to be considered, the design can be flexibly carried out according to the field, and the reconstruction performance of the darkroom construction is high due to the flexibility of the wall material of the darkroom.
2. The material used for the darkroom wall of the terahertz darkroom is a three-dimensional framework nickel material, and can realize efficient absorption of terahertz waves.
3. The terahertz darkroom can shield external terahertz waves; leakage of internal terahertz waves can be suppressed; the reflection and scattering of the internal terahertz wave can be greatly attenuated.
Drawings
In order to illustrate embodiments of the present invention or technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings which are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, so that the features and advantages of the present invention can be understood more clearly by referring to the drawings, which are schematic and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any way, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained on the basis of these drawings without any inventive effort. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is an optical microscope photograph of the wall material of the darkroom of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a terahertz darkroom entity of the present invention, (a) and (b) are different side views of the terahertz darkroom respectively;
FIG. 3 is a terahertz darkroom of the present invention for verifying the reflection and transmission performance of a terahertz wave, wherein (a) is the reflectivity of a reflection signal obtained by impinging the terahertz wave on the terahertz darkroom, and (b) is the transmissivity of a transmission signal obtained by impinging the terahertz wave on the terahertz darkroom;
fig. 4 is a verification of the scattering performance of the terahertz darkroom of the present invention on the terahertz waves, wherein (a) the scattering rate of 10 ° to 45 ° is obtained at 5 ° intervals when the terahertz waves are incident on the terahertz darkroom at 40 ° incidence angle, and (b) the scattering rate of 50 ° to 85 ° is obtained at 5 ° intervals when the terahertz waves are incident on the terahertz darkroom at 40 ° incidence angle.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
At present, darkrooms with a plurality of microwave bands are built at home and abroad, no relevant darkroom is built in the terahertz band, the influence of terahertz wave reflection and multiple scattering on test data and the interference of an external electromagnetic environment can often occur in terahertz experiments and tests, and in order to purify the electromagnetic environment of terahertz experimental equipment, shield external electromagnetic interference, inhibit the interference of internal terahertz wave reflection and multiple scattering on experimental tests and inhibit terahertz wave leakage, the invention provides a cheap and practical terahertz darkroom.
Specifically, the totally-enclosed rectangular terahertz darkroom is of a totally-enclosed rectangular structure, the enclosed space can ensure that the environment inside the terahertz darkroom is not interfered by external terahertz waves, meanwhile, the terahertz waves inside the darkroom cannot leak, the darkroom wall of the terahertz darkroom is made of a three-dimensional framework nickel material, an optical microscope picture is shown in fig. 1, the cost of the three-dimensional framework nickel material is low, and the cost for building the terahertz darkroom based on the material is far lower than that for building a microwave darkroom. The three-dimensional framework nickel material can realize efficient broadband absorption of terahertz waves, the terahertz waves cannot penetrate through the three-dimensional framework nickel material, meanwhile, strong attenuation of reflection and scattering signals of the terahertz waves can be realized, and various performances of the terahertz darkroom can be effectively guaranteed. The three-dimensional framework nickel material has flexibility and shapeability, so that the reconstruction performance of the terahertz darkroom is high, and the layout and the repeated use of the darkroom can be changed conveniently according to subjective requirements. Compared with the characteristics that the construction of a microwave darkroom needs a large amount of engineering, the investment is high, and the construction is difficult to change after forming, the material used for constructing the terahertz darkroom is cheap and easy to process, and the terahertz darkroom is convenient to transform at will after forming.
The full-closed rectangular terahertz darkroom is shown in a real object diagram in fig. 2(a) and 2(b), the structure of the terahertz darkroom is a classical full-closed rectangle, external terahertz waves can be effectively shielded from entering the darkroom, internal terahertz waves can be effectively prevented from leaking to the outside of the darkroom, and reflection and scattering signals of the internal terahertz waves can be greatly attenuated.
The invention designs a totally-enclosed rectangular terahertz darkroom for the first time, and no report related to the terahertz darkroom exists at present.
The terahertz wave darkroom has flexible structural design. Because the terahertz wavelength is shorter than the microwave, the darkroom structure can be designed at will according to the field size without considering the factors of the positions of a complicated terahertz emission source and a complicated terahertz receiving source, the size of the darkroom and the like. The restriction of the field size on the construction of the darkroom is avoided, the environment of the darkroom provided by the invention is guaranteed to be dry as much as possible, and the wall material of the darkroom is made of metal, so that the wall of the darkroom is easily corroded in the humid or open air environment, and the performance of the terahertz darkroom is further influenced.
The terahertz darkroom has the performances of shielding terahertz waves and eliminating internal terahertz wave pollution, the terahertz waves can not penetrate through the terahertz darkroom completely, and the transmittance of the terahertz darkroom is close to 0%; the terahertz darkroom can greatly attenuate reflection and scattering of internal terahertz waves, the maximum value of reflected and scattered signals is smaller than 1% of incident signals within the range of 0.2-2.5THz frequency bands under different terahertz wave incident angles, the terahertz waves almost completely disappear into the wall of the darkroom when being incident on the terahertz darkroom, and terahertz wave pollution inside the terahertz darkroom can be effectively eliminated.
The terahertz darkroom has the remarkable performances of shielding terahertz waves and eliminating internal terahertz wave pollution, and can shield external terahertz waves; leakage of internal terahertz waves can be suppressed; the reflection and scattering of the internal terahertz wave can be greatly attenuated.
In order to facilitate understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention, the technical aspects of the present invention will be described in detail through specific experiments. The performance verification of the terahertz darkroom is based on measurement experiments of reflection, transmission and scattering signals of terahertz waves, the experimental system is a set of angle-resolved terahertz time-domain spectrograph, the rotating motor is controlled through the upper computer, the reflection collecting arm of the system is further controlled, and the measurement of the transmission, reflection and scattering signals of the terahertz signals after passing through the wall of the darkroom is realized. According to the transmission, reflection and scattering signals collected by the reflection collecting arm, the shielding performance of the terahertz darkroom and the reflection and scattering attenuation performance of the terahertz signals are verified, and the performance of the terahertz darkroom is comprehensively represented.
Experimental methods
In order to ensure the accuracy of the experimental result, the experiment is respectively carried out on the transmission, reflection and scattering measurement experiments of the terahertz wave in the terahertz darkroom under the same experimental conditions.
The darkroom wall material of the terahertz darkroom selected in the experiment is three-dimensional skeleton nickel with the thickness of 2mm (in practical application, the thickness cannot be smaller than 2mm, and the thickness is reduced due to the skeleton structure, so that the terahertz wave transmission phenomenon is easy to occur), and the aperture is 500 mu m. In order to ensure the practicability of the terahertz darkroom, terahertz waves are selected to be respectively incident on the terahertz darkroom at incident angles of 30 degrees, 45 degrees and 60 degrees, and transmission and reflection signals of the terahertz waves after passing through the terahertz darkroom are measured.
In order to better measure the scattering signal, the incident angle of the terahertz wave is selected to be 40 degrees, and the scattering signal of the terahertz wave in the range of 10 degrees to 85 degrees after the terahertz wave passes through the terahertz darkroom is measured.
Results of the experiment
In the reflection and transmission verification experiments, terahertz waves are respectively incident on a terahertz darkroom at three different angles of 30 degrees, 45 degrees and 60 degrees, reflection signals and transmission signals at corresponding angles are measured, and the experimental results are shown in fig. 3. According to the attached fig. 3(a), the maximum reflection signal does not exceed 1% of the initial signal, which proves that the terahertz darkroom can strongly attenuate the reflection signal of the internal terahertz signal. According to the attached figure 3(b), the transmission signal of the terahertz signal passing through the terahertz darkroom can hardly be detected. Experimental results prove that the terahertz darkroom can effectively shield the interference of external terahertz waves and inhibit the leakage of internal terahertz waves. By combining fig. 3(a) and fig. 3(b), different incident angles of terahertz waves further prove that the performance of the terahertz darkroom of the invention is not affected by the incident angle of the terahertz waves, and the practicability of the terahertz darkroom of the invention is ensured.
In the verification scattering experiment, terahertz waves are incident on a terahertz darkroom at an incident angle of 40 degrees, a collection arm is rotated to measure scattering signals in the direction of 10 degrees to 85 degrees, and the experimental result is shown in fig. 4(a) and 4(b), and it is seen that the scattering signals of the terahertz waves striking the terahertz darkroom within the range of 0.2-2.5THz are very weak, the maximum scattering signals do not exceed 1%, and the signals can hardly be detected. The scattering experiment verifies that the terahertz darkroom can generate strong attenuation to the signal in the darkroom.
In conclusion, the terahertz darkroom provided by the invention has the remarkable performances of shielding terahertz waves and eliminating internal terahertz wave pollution: the shielding of external terahertz waves can be realized; leakage of internal terahertz waves can be suppressed; the reflection and scattering of the internal terahertz waves can be greatly attenuated, and the terahertz pollution inside a darkroom can be purified. Therefore, the terahertz darkroom disclosed by the invention can effectively ensure that the experimental environment in the terahertz darkroom is not interfered by external terahertz waves in terahertz related research experiments and terahertz related equipment, especially in places with higher requirements on experimental environment and test environment, and can simultaneously purify reflected and scattered terahertz signals in the terahertz darkroom, thereby effectively avoiding interference of the signals on terahertz experiments and induced experimental errors.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a totally closed rectangle terahertz darkroom, its characterized in that, terahertz darkroom is totally closed rectangle structure, and airtight space can guarantee terahertz darkroom inside environment does not receive outside terahertz wave interference, guarantees simultaneously that terahertz wave inside darkroom can't take place to leak, the darkroom wall of terahertz darkroom adopts three-dimensional skeleton nickel material, and the darkroom wall thickness is not less than 2 mm.
2. The totally-enclosed rectangular terahertz darkroom as claimed in claim 1, wherein the structure of the terahertz darkroom can be directly designed according to the field size without considering the positions of the terahertz emission source and the terahertz receiving source and the size of the darkroom.
3. The fully-enclosed rectangular terahertz darkroom according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the terahertz darkroom has the properties of shielding terahertz waves and eliminating internal terahertz wave pollution; under different terahertz wave incident angles, within the range of 0.2-2.5THz frequency bands, the maximum value of a reflection signal and the maximum value of a scattering signal are both smaller than 1% of an incident signal.
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