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CN113155618B - Device for measuring extrusion stress - Google Patents

Device for measuring extrusion stress Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113155618B
CN113155618B CN202110467487.4A CN202110467487A CN113155618B CN 113155618 B CN113155618 B CN 113155618B CN 202110467487 A CN202110467487 A CN 202110467487A CN 113155618 B CN113155618 B CN 113155618B
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China
Prior art keywords
telescopic rod
force application
rod
platform
clamp
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Application number
CN202110467487.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113155618A (en
Inventor
张瑨
王伟
石崇
曹亚军
朱淳
付世荣
朱其志
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Hohai University HHU
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Hohai University HHU
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Publication of CN113155618A publication Critical patent/CN113155618A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0003Steady
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019Compressive
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0075Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0617Electrical or magnetic indicating, recording or sensing means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0676Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0682Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for measuring extrusion stress, which comprises: the device comprises a rack, a first support and a second support, wherein the rack comprises a first platform, a second platform and a plurality of support rods; the first platform is positioned below the second platform; the plurality of support rods are vertically arranged around the first platform and the second platform; the clamp is fixedly arranged in the middle of the first platform; the first force application mechanism is vertically arranged in the middle of the second platform; the second force application mechanism comprises a first telescopic rod and a second force application rod, and the position of the first telescopic rod corresponds to the position of the clamp; and the third force application mechanism comprises a second telescopic rod and a third force application rod. The invention can realize the triaxial mechanical test of objects with irregular shapes and oversize or undersize, and has the advantages of stable test process, simple structure, strong practicability and low cost.

Description

Device for measuring extrusion stress
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical testing instruments, in particular to a device for measuring extrusion stress.
Background
The mechanical testing is carried out on the object, the conventional testing method comprises bending, yielding, flattening and the like, the resistance of the object to local deformation, particularly to plastic deformation, is mainly researched, the resistance is an index for measuring the hardness degree of the material of the object, the resistance of the material to local surface fracture and the elastic deformation work of the object can be researched through the mechanical testing, and therefore the method is very important for the mechanical testing of the object.
However, the mechanical testing instrument in the prior art is difficult to perform triaxial mechanical testing on objects with irregular shapes and overlarge or undersize sizes, and unavoidable vibration loads exist in the testing process, so that the testing precision is seriously influenced.
Therefore, how to provide a device for measuring compressive stress, which can perform a triaxial mechanical test on an object with an irregular shape and an oversize or undersize object, and has the advantages of stable test process, simple structure, strong practicability and low cost, is one of the technical problems to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a device for measuring compressive stress. The purpose is to solve the above mentioned deficiency.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for measuring compressive stress comprising: the device comprises a rack, a first support and a second support, wherein the rack comprises a first platform, a second platform and a plurality of support rods; the first platform is positioned below the second platform; the plurality of support rods are vertically arranged around the first platform and the second platform; the clamp is fixedly arranged in the middle of the first platform; the first force application mechanism is vertically arranged in the middle of the second platform; one end of the first force application mechanism penetrates through the middle part of the second platform; the second force application mechanism comprises a first telescopic rod and a second force application rod; the first telescopic rod is connected between the two support rods on the front side/rear side of the extrusion stress measuring device in a sliding manner, and the position of the first telescopic rod corresponds to the position of the clamp; the second force application rod is detachably connected to the middle part of the first telescopic rod and is arranged in parallel with the Z axis of the extrusion stress measuring device; one end of the second force application rod penetrates through the first telescopic rod and is positioned above the clamp; the third force application mechanism comprises a second telescopic rod and a third force application rod; the second telescopic rod is connected between the two support rods on the left side/right side of the extrusion stress measuring device in a sliding manner, and the position of the second telescopic rod corresponds to the position of the clamp; the third force application rod is detachably connected to the middle part of the second telescopic rod and is arranged in parallel with the X axis of the extrusion stress measuring device; one end of the third force application rod penetrates through the second telescopic rod and is located above the clamp.
Preferably, the test piece to be tested is a metal block; correspondingly, the sensor for testing is a resistance strain gauge which is electrically connected with a computer; the resistance strain gauge is arranged on the surface of the metal block and is not in contact with the first force application rod, the second force application rod and the third force application rod.
Preferably, a through hole is formed in the middle of the second platform.
Preferably, the first force application mechanism comprises a limiting plate and a first force application rod; the limiting plate is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the second platform and is arranged on the through hole; the first force application rod is detachably connected to the middle part of the limiting plate and is arranged in parallel with the Y axis of the extrusion stress measuring device; one end of the first force application rod penetrates through the limiting plate and is located above the clamp.
The beneficial effect of this technical scheme is: the shape change of the object when force is applied along the Z axis can be observed conveniently.
Preferably, the clamp comprises 4 push plates, 4 sets of transmission racks and a pneumatic device; 4 groups of transmission racks are uniformly distributed around the pneumatic device; every the push pedal with every group the driving rack meshes mutually, and every the push pedal all with pneumatic means passes through the pipe connection.
Preferably, the first force application rod, the second force application rod and the third force application rod are all lead screws.
Preferably, springs are arranged inside the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod.
The beneficial effect of this technical scheme is: the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod can be mounted and dismounted on the rack by compressing the springs in the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod.
Preferably, the inner sides of the supporting rods at the two ends of the first telescopic rod and the inner sides of the supporting rods at the two ends of the second telescopic rod are provided with grooves, and the two ends of the first telescopic rod and the two ends of the second telescopic rod are connected with the supporting rods in a sliding mode through the grooves.
Preferably, the other side of the support rod is provided with a sliding groove; correspondingly, both ends of the first telescopic rod and both ends of the second telescopic rod are provided with threaded holes; and the two ends of the first telescopic rod and the two ends of the second telescopic rod penetrate through the sliding groove and the threaded hole through a locking piece to be fixedly connected with the supporting rod.
The beneficial effect of this technical scheme is: according to the size of a test piece to be measured, the heights of the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod can be adjusted by rotating the locking pieces at the two ends of the first telescopic rod and the locking pieces at the two ends of the second telescopic rod.
Preferably, the locking member is a bolt.
Preferably, the clamp is an 80 square air chuck.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the test piece is fixed on the clamp, force is applied to X, Z, Y three axes of the test piece, and the change of the internal resistance of the test piece is monitored through the resistance strain gauge, so that the deformation of the test piece is detected; and the height of the second telescopic rod can be adjusted on the supporting rod at will by matching with the second telescopic rod, so that X, Z, Y triaxial accurate extrusion measurement can be carried out on test pieces of any size.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for measuring compressive stress according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a back structure of an apparatus for measuring compressive stress according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of an apparatus for measuring compressive stress according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a fixture of an apparatus for measuring compressive stress according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a top view of an apparatus for measuring compressive stress according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a frame; 11. a first platform; 12. a second platform; 121. a through hole; 13. a support bar; 131. a groove; 132. a sliding groove; 2. a clamp; 21. pushing the plate; 22. a rack; 23. a pneumatic device; 3. a first force application mechanism; 31. a limiting plate; 32. a first force application rod; 4. a second force application mechanism; 41. a first telescopic rod; 42. a second force application rod; 5. a third force application mechanism; 51. a second telescopic rod; 52. and a third force application rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, an apparatus for measuring compressive stress includes: the device comprises a frame 1, a clamp 2, a first force application mechanism 3, a second force application mechanism 4 and a third force application mechanism 5; wherein the frame 1 comprises a first platform 11, a second platform 12 and 4 support rods 13; the middle part of the second platform 12 is provided with a through hole 121; the first platform 11 is positioned below the second platform 12, and 4 support rods 13 are vertically arranged on the periphery of the first platform 11 and the second platform 12; the fixture 2 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the first platform 11, the fixture 2 comprises 4 push plates 21, 4 groups of transmission racks 22 and a pneumatic device 23, the 4 groups of transmission racks 22 are uniformly distributed around the pneumatic device 23, each push plate 21 is meshed with each group of transmission racks 22, and each push plate 21 is connected with the pneumatic device 23 through a pipeline; the first force application mechanism 3 comprises a limiting plate 31 and a first force application rod 32, wherein the limiting plate 31 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the second platform 12 and is arranged on the through hole 121; the first force application rod 32 is arranged in parallel with the Y axis of the extrusion stress measuring device, the first force application rod 32 is provided with an external thread, correspondingly, the middle part of the limiting plate 31 is provided with a threaded hole matched with the external thread of the first force application rod 32, and the limiting plate 31 is in threaded connection with the first force application rod 32; the second force application mechanism 4 comprises a first telescopic rod 41 and a second force application rod 42, and springs are arranged inside the first telescopic rod 41; the first telescopic rod 41 is connected between the two support rods 13 at the front side/rear side of the extrusion stress measuring device in a sliding manner, and the position of the first telescopic rod 41 corresponds to the position of the clamp 2; the second force application rod 42 is arranged in parallel with the Z axis of the extrusion stress measuring device, the second force application rod 42 is provided with an external thread, correspondingly, the middle part of the first telescopic rod 41 is provided with a threaded hole matched with the external thread of the second force application rod 42, and the first telescopic rod 41 is in threaded connection with the second force application rod 42; the third force application mechanism 5 comprises a second telescopic rod 51 and a third force application rod 52, a spring is arranged inside the second telescopic rod 51, the second telescopic rod 51 is connected between the two support rods 13 on the left side/right side of the extrusion stress measuring device in a sliding manner, and the position of the second telescopic rod 51 corresponds to the position of the clamp 2; third application of force pole 52 and the X axle parallel arrangement who measures extrusion stress device, and be equipped with the external screw thread on the third application of force pole 52, correspondingly, the middle part of second telescopic link 51 is equipped with the screw hole with third application of force pole 52 external screw thread looks adaptation, second telescopic link 51 and third application of force pole 52 threaded connection.
In this embodiment, the inner sides of the support rods 13 at the two ends of the first telescopic rod 41 and the inner sides of the support rods 13 at the two ends of the second telescopic rod 51 are both provided with grooves 131, and the two ends of the first telescopic rod 41 and the second telescopic rod 51 are both connected with the support rods 13 in a sliding manner through the grooves 131; the other side of the support rod 13 is provided with a sliding groove 132; correspondingly, both ends of the first telescopic rod 41 and both ends of the second telescopic rod 51 are provided with threaded holes; and both ends of the first telescopic rod 41 and both ends of the second telescopic rod 51 are fastened and connected with the support rod 13 by a bolt passing through the sliding groove 132 and the threaded hole.
In the present embodiment, the first force application rod 32, the second force application rod 42, and the third force application rod 52 are all screw rods.
In this embodiment, the jig 2 is an 80-square air chuck.
In this embodiment, the test piece is a metal block; correspondingly, the sensor for testing is a resistance strain gauge which is electrically connected with the computer; the resistance strain gauge is disposed on the surface of the metal block and does not contact the first force application bar 32, the second force application bar 42, and the third force application bar 52.
In other embodiments, the number of the support rods 13 can be adjusted according to the actual situation.
In other embodiments, the type of the clamp 2 may be selected according to the actual situation.
In other embodiments, the connection mode of the first telescopic rod 41 and the corresponding support rod 13 can be adjusted according to the actual situation.
In other embodiments, the connection mode of the second telescopic rod 51 and the corresponding support rod 13 can be adjusted according to the actual situation.
The working principle is as follows:
the test piece is clamped on the clamp 2, and the bolts at the two ends of the first telescopic rod 41 and the bolts at the two ends of the second telescopic rod 51 are adjusted according to the size of the test piece, so that the heights of the first telescopic rod 41 and the second telescopic rod 51 can be adjusted; then arranging a resistance strain gauge on the test piece, wherein the resistance strain gauge is not contacted with the extrusion stress measuring device; and finally, respectively applying force to X, Y, Z three shafts of the test piece, and monitoring the change of the internal resistance of the test piece through a resistance strain gauge so as to detect the deformation of the test piece.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An apparatus for measuring compressive stress, comprising:
the device comprises a rack (1), wherein the rack (1) comprises a first platform (11), a second platform (12) and a plurality of supporting rods (13); the first platform (11) is located below the second platform (12); the plurality of support rods (13) are vertically arranged around the first platform (11) and the second platform (12);
the clamp (2) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the first platform (11);
the first force application mechanism (3), the first force application mechanism (3) is vertically arranged in the middle of the second platform (12); one end of the first force application mechanism (3) penetrates through the middle part of the second platform (12);
a second force application mechanism (4), wherein the second force application mechanism (4) comprises a first telescopic rod (41) and a second force application rod (42); the first telescopic rod (41) is connected between the two support rods (13) on the front side or the rear side of the extrusion stress measuring device in a sliding manner, and the position of the first telescopic rod (41) corresponds to the position of the clamp (2); the second force application rod (42) is detachably connected to the middle part of the first telescopic rod (41) and is arranged in parallel with the Z axis of the extrusion stress measuring device; one end of the second force application rod (42) penetrates through the first telescopic rod (41) and is positioned above the clamp (2);
a third force application mechanism (5), wherein the third force application mechanism (5) comprises a second telescopic rod (51) and a third force application rod (52); the second telescopic rod (51) is connected between the two support rods (13) on the left side or the right side of the extrusion stress measuring device in a sliding manner, and the position of the second telescopic rod (51) corresponds to the position of the clamp (2); the third force application rod (52) is detachably connected to the middle part of the second telescopic rod (51) and is arranged in parallel with the X axis of the extrusion stress measuring device; one end of the third force application rod (52) penetrates through the second telescopic rod (51) and is positioned above the clamp (2).
2. A device for measuring compressive stress according to claim 1, wherein the second platform (12) is provided with a through hole (121) in the middle.
3. A device for measuring compressive stress according to claim 2, wherein the first force applying mechanism (3) comprises a limiting plate (31) and a first force applying rod (32); the limiting plate (31) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the second platform (12) and is arranged on the through hole (121); the first force application rod (32) is detachably connected to the middle part of the limiting plate (31) and is arranged in parallel with the Y axis of the extrusion stress measuring device; one end of the first force application rod (32) penetrates through the limiting plate (31) and is located above the clamp (2).
4. A device for measuring extrusion stress according to claim 1, wherein the clamp comprises 4 push plates (21), 4 sets of transmission racks (22) and a pneumatic device (23); 4 groups of transmission racks (22) are uniformly distributed around the pneumatic device (23); each push plate (21) is meshed with each group of transmission racks (22), and each push plate (21) is connected with the pneumatic device (23) through a pipeline.
5. A device for measuring compressive stress as claimed in claim 3, wherein said first force applying rod (32), said second force applying rod (42) and said third force applying rod (52) are lead screws.
6. A device for measuring extrusion stress according to claim 1 wherein said first telescopic rod (41) and said second telescopic rod (51) are internally provided with springs.
7. The device for measuring extrusion stress according to claim 1, wherein the inner sides of the supporting rods (13) at the two ends of the first telescopic rod (41) and the inner sides of the supporting rods (13) at the two ends of the second telescopic rod (51) are both provided with grooves (131), and the two ends of the first telescopic rod (41) and the second telescopic rod (51) are both slidably connected with the supporting rods (13) through the grooves (131).
8. The apparatus for measuring compressive stress as claimed in claim 7, wherein the supporting bar (13) is provided with a sliding groove (132) at the other side thereof; correspondingly, both ends of the first telescopic rod (41) and both ends of the second telescopic rod (51) are provided with threaded holes; and both ends of the first telescopic rod (41) and both ends of the second telescopic rod (51) penetrate through the sliding groove (132) and the threaded hole through a locking piece to be fixedly connected with the supporting rod (13).
CN202110467487.4A 2021-04-28 2021-04-28 Device for measuring extrusion stress Active CN113155618B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110467487.4A CN113155618B (en) 2021-04-28 2021-04-28 Device for measuring extrusion stress

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110467487.4A CN113155618B (en) 2021-04-28 2021-04-28 Device for measuring extrusion stress

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CN113155618B true CN113155618B (en) 2022-08-05

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CN211668950U (en) * 2019-11-25 2020-10-13 广东澳林板业有限公司 Stress detection device for decorative plate
CN211042975U (en) * 2019-12-05 2020-07-17 高金伟 A extrusion device for cement resistance to compression detects
CN212844742U (en) * 2020-08-18 2021-03-30 上海地矿工程勘察有限公司 True triaxial test equipment for ultra-deep drill core

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