CN113135836A - 一种沙库巴曲钙盐的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种沙库巴曲钙盐的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- DDLCKLBRBPYKQS-OXXXZDCLSA-L calcium 4-[[(2S,4R)-5-ethoxy-4-methyl-5-oxo-1-(4-phenylphenyl)pentan-2-yl]amino]-4-oxobutanoate Chemical class [Ca++].CCOC(=O)[C@H](C)C[C@@H](Cc1ccc(cc1)-c1ccccc1)NC(=O)CCC([O-])=O.CCOC(=O)[C@H](C)C[C@@H](Cc1ccc(cc1)-c1ccccc1)NC(=O)CCC([O-])=O DDLCKLBRBPYKQS-OXXXZDCLSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N ethyl (e)-3-[3-amino-2-cyano-1-[(e)-3-ethoxy-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanyl-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\SC(=C(C#N)C(N)=O)S\C=C\C(=O)OCC NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Compound IV Chemical compound O1N=C(C)C=C1CCCCCCCOC1=CC=C(C=2OCCN=2)C=C1 FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 (2R) -1- ((1, 1' -biphenyl) -4-yl) -3-hydroxypropane-2-yl-aminofluorenylmethoxycarbonyl ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropanol acetate Natural products CC(C)OC(C)=O JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229940011051 isopropyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 17
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
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- HTSGKJQDMSTCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylbutane-1,4-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C(C(=O)C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)CC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 HTSGKJQDMSTCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- GPAYUJZHTULNBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1PC1=CC=CC=C1 GPAYUJZHTULNBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- QJPQVXSHYBGQGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 QJPQVXSHYBGQGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UQPUONNXJVWHRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 UQPUONNXJVWHRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
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- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
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- JSEMUSFPVZYRSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3-(triphenyl-$l^{5}-phosphanylidene)propanoate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=CCC(=O)OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 JSEMUSFPVZYRSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UKVIEHSSVKSQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;palladium Chemical compound C.[Pd] UKVIEHSSVKSQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- RUPAXCPQAAOIPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl formate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC=O RUPAXCPQAAOIPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
- C07C231/12—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides by reactions not involving the formation of carboxamide groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C269/00—Preparation of derivatives of carbamic acid, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C269/06—Preparation of derivatives of carbamic acid, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups by reactions not involving the formation of carbamate groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
- C07B2200/07—Optical isomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2603/00—Systems containing at least three condensed rings
- C07C2603/02—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems
- C07C2603/04—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing three rings
- C07C2603/06—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing three rings containing at least one ring with less than six ring members
- C07C2603/10—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing three rings containing at least one ring with less than six ring members containing five-membered rings
- C07C2603/12—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing three rings containing at least one ring with less than six ring members containing five-membered rings only one five-membered ring
- C07C2603/18—Fluorenes; Hydrogenated fluorenes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种沙库巴曲钙盐的制备方法。所述制备方法中化合物Ⅲ无需碱水解即可进行氢化还原反应,可以减少反应的步骤;同时保护基的选择可以有效避免酯化反应时自身缩合杂质的形成;酰胺化反应中即可完成保护基的脱保护,减少了反应步骤,提高了反应收率。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物化学的技术领域,具体涉及一种沙库巴曲钙盐的制备方法。
背景技术
LCZ696是由诺华公司开发的一种新型降压药物,该药物包含缬沙坦和AHU-377(沙库巴曲)两种组分,其中缬沙坦可改善血管舒张,刺激身体排泄钠和水,沙库巴曲可阻断威胁降低血压的2种多肽作用,因此LCZ696被称为血管紧张素Ⅱ受体与脑啡肽酶的双重抑制剂。结构式如下:
LCZ696具有优于标准药物的降压作用和减少心脏衰竭的功效,使得该药物获得美国FDA和欧盟EMEA的快速通道审评资格,业界普遍认为LCZ696将会带来传统心衰治疗方案的革新。
沙库巴曲是一种前体药物,其化学名称为:4-((2S,4R)-1-([1,1’-联苯]-4-基)-5-乙氧基-4-甲基-5-氧代戊烷-2-基)氨基)-4-氧代丁酸,其结构式如下所示:
目前,现有文献已经报道了多种沙库巴曲的合成方法,比较经典的路线(比如文献报道:沙库巴曲有关物质的合成,白文钦,孟凡波,唐贞波等,中国医药工业杂志,2018)是以(2R)-1-((1,1’-联苯)-4-基)-3-羟基丙烷-2-基-氨基甲酸叔丁酯起始原料,利用经典Anelli法将羟基氧化成醛,与乙氧甲酰基亚乙基三苯基磷经wittig反应、碱水解获得烯酸化合物,烯酸化合物在手性催化剂和配体作用下通过氢化反应还原为单一构型的羧酸化合物,以乙醇为溶剂,羧酸化合物在SOCl2作用下乙酯化,同时脱去甲酸叔丁酯基,获得盐酸氨基盐化合物。盐酸氨基盐化合物与丁二酸酐在碱性条件下反应后与氯化钙成盐制备沙库巴曲钙盐。
沙库巴曲钙盐与盐酸反应置换出沙库巴曲,再进一步制备LCZ696。
该路线中制备的沙库巴曲钙盐有利于纯化和储存,但是该路线步骤多、收率低,特别是氯化亚砜催化羧酸化合物与乙醇的乙酯化时易形成自身缩合杂质(3R,5S)-5-([1,1'-联苯基]-4-乙甲基)-4-甲基哌啶-2-酮(537-06),如下所示:
文献沙库巴曲有关物质的合成(白文钦,孟凡波,唐贞波等,中国医药工业杂志,2018)报道了沙库巴曲相关反应物自身缩合杂质及其产生的机理,并且指出现有路线始终无法避免此杂质的产生。现有技术中尚未见报道对除去反应物自身缩合杂质的处理,该杂质会被带入终产品中,影响产品收率和纯度,最终会影响产品的质量,存在用药安全隐患。
发明内容
针对目前制备沙库巴曲的过程中所存在的转化率不高和生成杂质较多的问题,本发明旨在提供一种操作简单、反应条件温和、产品收率高、纯度高、污染少的适于工业化生产沙库巴曲钙盐的技术方法。
本发明提供一种沙库巴曲钙盐的制备方法,其具体步骤包括:
步骤a:以(2R)-1-((1,1’-联苯)-4-基)-3-羟基丙烷-2-基-氨基芴甲氧羰酰酯(化合物II)为起始原料,在有机溶剂A中经氧化反应得化合物II-1,化合物II-1与叔丁氧甲酰基亚乙基三苯基膦通过Wittig反应得化合物III。
步骤b:化合物III在乙醇中发生不对称还原反应得化合物III-1,继续加入氯化亚砜得化合物IV。
步骤c:化合物IV与丁二酸酐在三乙胺作用下经酰化反应生成化合物IV-1,以氢氧化钠水溶液调节至碱性后与氯化钙成盐得I。
具体反应步骤如下:
步骤a:在有机溶剂A中,加入化合物II、碳酸氢钠、溴化钠、TEMPO(2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氧化物),降温至0~10℃,搅拌下加入氧化剂,搅拌反应1h,加入淬灭剂处理掉过量氧化剂,继续搅拌反应1h,静置分层,分出有机相;将所得有机相加入反应瓶中并加热,加入叔丁氧甲酰基亚乙基三苯基膦,搅拌反应2h,反应结束后重结晶、过滤、干燥得化合物III。
步骤b:密闭的耐压反应釜中,加入乙醇、化合物III与催化剂,调整体系温度,加入还原剂,保压反应4h,将反应液过滤除去催化剂后转移至反应瓶中,搅拌下滴加氯化亚砜,保温反应2h,反应毕,重结晶、过滤干燥后得化合物IV。
步骤c:将有机溶剂B、化合物IV、丁二酸酐加至反应瓶中,搅拌加入三乙胺,继续搅拌反应2~3h,TLC检测反应完毕,以10倍质量体积比(m/v,以化合物IV计)HCl溶液(0.1mol/L)洗涤反应液,收集有机层,加入10倍质量体积比(m/v,以化合物Ⅳ计)NaOH水溶液(0.5mol/L),继续搅拌反应1~2h,分液,收集水层,滴加氯化钙溶液(一定量的氯化钙配制为1.8mol/L),滴毕,搅拌析晶3~5h,过滤干燥后得化合物I。
优选地,步骤a中所述的化合物II、碳酸氢钠、溴化钠、TEMPO的质量比为1:1.5:1.8:0.03;
优选地,步骤a中所述的氧化剂为有效氯含量为10%~15%的次氯酸钠溶液,优选含量为15%;其中反应物与次氯酸钠的质量体积比为1:2.3,g/mL;
优选地,步骤a中所述的化合物II与叔丁氧甲酰基亚乙基三苯基膦的摩尔数比为1:1~1.2,优选1:1.1;
优选地,步骤a中所述有机溶剂A为乙酸乙酯、醋酸异丙酯、乙腈、二氯甲烷中的一种或其组合,优选醋酸异丙酯;
优选地,步骤a中所述化合物II与有机溶剂A质量体积比(g/mL)为1:15~25,优选1:20;
优选地,步骤a所述的加热温度为10~30℃;
优选地,步骤a所述的淬灭剂为质量分数为9%的硫代硫酸钠水溶液,其加入的体积量与有机溶剂A相同;
优选地,步骤a所述的重结晶过程为:将浓缩后的反应液溶解于3倍质量体积比(m/v,以化合物II计)的醋酸异丙酯中,加入6倍质量体积比(m/v,以化合物II计)的正庚烷,搅拌析晶6h;
优选地,步骤b中所述的催化剂为四(三苯基膦)钯碳,二(三苯基膦)二氯钯碳,[1,1-双(二苯基膦)(二茂铁)]二氯化钯碳,三苯基膦醋酸钯碳中的一种,优选四(三苯基膦)钯碳;
优选地,步骤b中所述的化合物III与催化剂的摩尔数比为1:0.03~0.1,优选1:0.07;
优选地,步骤b中所述的体系温度为10~30℃;所述的还原剂为氢气;所述的保压反应的压力为4~6Mpa,优选5Mpa;
优选地,步骤b中化合物III与氯化亚砜摩尔数比为1:1~1.5,优选1:1.3;
优选地,步骤b中所述保温反应的温度为20~50℃,优选30℃;
优选地,步骤b中所述的重结晶过程为:将浓缩后的反应液溶解于2倍质量体积比(m/v,以化合物III计)的醋酸异丙酯中,加入6倍质量体积比(m/v,以化合物III计)的正庚烷,搅拌析晶6h;
优选地,步骤c中所述的酰化反应所用溶剂B为乙酸乙酯、醋酸异丙酯、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷;
优选地,步骤c中所述的化合物IV、三乙胺、丁二酸酐摩尔数比为1:2~31~1.2,优选1:2.5:1.1;
优选地,步骤c中所述的化合物IV与氯化钙的摩尔比为1:0.4~0.5,优选1:0.45;
优选地,步骤c中所述的反应的温度为10~30℃,优选20℃;
与现有技术相比,本发明取得的技术效果是:
1.使用叔丁氧甲酰基亚乙基三苯基磷为wittig试剂,使化合物III无需碱水解即可进行氢化还原反应,不仅可以减少一步反应,而且不影响SOCl2催化III-1的乙酯化。
2.芴甲氧羰酰基(Fmoc)对氨基的保护及其在酸性环境中的稳定性,可以有效避免步骤b中酯化反应时自身缩合杂质(3R,5S)-5-([1,1'-联苯基]-4-乙甲基)-4-甲基哌啶-2-酮的形成;同时三乙胺既可以脱除Fmoc保护基又可以作为丁二酸酐酰胺化的催化剂。
3.本发明提供的沙库巴曲钙盐制备工艺路线短、成本低、原料易得、收率高、纯度高,适合工业化大生产。
附图说明
图1沙库巴曲钙盐的HPLC谱图;沙库巴曲钙盐的相对保留时间为16.222min。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例来进一步说明本发明,应该正确理解的是:本发明的实施例仅仅是用于说明本发明,而不是对本发明的限制,所以,在本发明的方法前提下对本发明的简单改进均属本发明要求保护的范围。
实施例1化合物III的制备
将化合物II(100g)、碳酸氢钠(25.2g,1.5eq)、溴化钠(37.04g,1.8eq)、TEMPO(0.94g,0.03eq)加至反应瓶中,向反应瓶中加入醋酸异丙酯(2L,20v/m),降温至0~10℃,搅拌下滴加次氯酸钠溶液(99.25g,有效氯15%,1eq),滴毕,继续搅拌反应1h,TLC[展开剂:石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1]检测反应结束,向反应液中加入9%的硫代硫酸钠溶液2L,继续搅拌反应1h,静置分层。将有机层转移至反应瓶中,调节温度至20℃,加入叔丁氧甲酰基亚乙基三苯基膦(85.84g,1.1eq),搅拌反应1h。将反应液减压蒸干,溶解于醋酸异丙酯(300ml,3v/m),搅拌下滴加正庚烷(600ml,6v/m),搅拌析晶6h,过滤干燥得白色固体III(收率89.55%,HPLC:98.49%)。
实施例2化合物III的制备
将化合物II(100g)、碳酸氢钠(25.2g,1.5eq)、溴化钠(37.04g,1.8eq)、TEMPO(0.94g,0.03eq)加至反应瓶中,向反应瓶中加入乙酸乙酯(1.5L,15v/m),降温至0~10℃,搅拌下滴加次氯酸钠溶液(99.25g,有效氯10%),滴毕,继续搅拌反应1h,TLC[展开剂:石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1]检测反应结束,向反应液中加入9%的硫代硫酸钠溶液1.5L,继续搅拌反应1h,静置分层。将有机层转移至反应瓶中,调节温度至10℃,加入叔丁氧甲酰基亚乙基三苯基膦(78.04g,1eq),搅拌反应1h。将反应液减压蒸干,溶解于醋酸异丙酯(300ml,3v/m),搅拌下滴加正庚烷(600ml,6v/m),搅拌析晶6h,过滤干燥得白色固体III(收率88.21%,HPLC:98.45%)。
实施例3化合物III的制备
将化合物II(100g)、碳酸氢钠(25.2g,1.5eq)、溴化钠(37.04g,1.8eq)、TEMPO(0.94g,0.03eq)加至反应瓶中,向反应瓶中加入乙腈(2.5L,25v/m),降温至0~10℃,搅拌下滴加次氯酸钠溶液(99.25g,有效氯15%),滴毕,继续搅拌反应1h,TLC[展开剂:石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1]检测反应结束,向反应液中加入9%的硫代硫酸钠溶液2.5L,继续搅拌反应1h,静置分层。将有机层转移至反应瓶中,调节温度至30℃,加入叔丁氧甲酰基亚乙基三苯基膦(93.65g,1.2eq),搅拌反应1h。将反应液减压蒸干,溶解于醋酸异丙酯(300ml,3v/m),搅拌下滴加正庚烷(600ml,6v/m),搅拌析晶6h,过滤干燥得白色固体III(收率88.53%,HPLC:98.46%)。
实施例4化合物III的制备
将化合物II(100g)、碳酸氢钠(20.2g,1.2eq)、溴化钠(41.16g,2eq)、TEMPO(1.57g,0.05eq)加至反应瓶中,向反应瓶中加入二氯甲烷(3L,30v/m),降温至0~10℃,搅拌下滴加次氯酸钠溶液(99.25g,有效氯15%,1eq),滴毕,继续搅拌反应1h,TLC[展开剂:石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1]检测反应结束,向反应液中加入9%的硫代硫酸钠溶液3L,继续搅拌反应1h,静置分层。将有机层转移至反应瓶中,调节温度至20℃,加入叔丁氧甲酰基亚乙基三苯基膦(117.05g,1.5eq),搅拌反应1h。将反应液减压蒸干,溶解于醋酸异丙酯(300ml,3v/m),搅拌下滴加正庚烷(600ml,6v/m),搅拌析晶6h,过滤干燥得白色固体III(收率78.53%,HPLC:96.36%)。
化合物III的检测(HPLC归一化法):色谱柱Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18(4.6×150mm,5μm);流动相A相:0.1%磷酸水溶液,B相:乙腈,梯度洗脱(0→20min:A70%→40%;20→30min:A 5%;30→40minA 80%);检测波长:200nm;柱温25℃;流速1mL/min。
实施例5化合物IV的制备
将化合物III(80g)、四(三苯基膦)钯碳(5.6g,0.07m/m)、乙醇(1.2L,15v/m)加至密闭的耐压反应釜中,调节温度至20℃,以氢气置换反应釜中空气,通入氢气保压5Mp,搅拌反应6h,将反应液过滤,滤液转移至带有机械搅拌的反应瓶中,滴加氯化亚砜(22.17g,1.3eq),滴毕,30℃恒温继续搅拌反应2h,TLC[展开剂:石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1]检测反应完毕。将反应液减压蒸干,加入醋酸异丙酯(160mL,m/v,以化合物III计)溶解,搅拌下滴加正庚烷(480mL,m/v,以化合物III计),搅拌析晶6h,过滤干燥得白色固体IV(收率92.69%,HPLC:98.86%)。
实施例6化合物IV的制备
将化合物III(80g)、四(三苯基膦)钯碳(2.4g,0.03m/m)、乙醇(1.2L,15v/m)加至密闭的耐压反应釜中,调节温度至10℃,以氢气置换反应釜中空气,通入氢气保压4Mp,搅拌反应6h,将反应液过滤,滤液转移至带有机械搅拌的反应瓶中,滴加氯化亚砜(17.05g,1.0eq),滴毕,20℃恒温继续搅拌反应2h,TLC[展开剂:石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1]检测反应完毕。将反应液减压蒸干,加入醋酸异丙酯(160mL,m/v,以化合物III计)溶解,搅拌下滴加正庚烷(480mL,m/v,以化合物III计),搅拌析晶6h,过滤干燥得白色固体IV(收率91.26%,HPLC:98.84%)。
实施例7化合物IV的制备
将化合物III(80g)、二(三苯基膦)二氯钯碳(5.3g,0.1m/m)、乙醇(1.2L,15v/m)加至密闭的耐压反应釜中,调节温度至30℃,以氢气置换反应釜中空气,通入氢气保压6Mp,搅拌反应6h,将反应液过滤,滤液转移至带有机械搅拌的反应瓶中,滴加氯化亚砜(25.58g,1.5eq),滴毕,50℃恒温继续搅拌反应2h,TLC[展开剂:石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1]检测反应完毕。将反应液减压蒸干,加入醋酸异丙酯(160mL,m/v,以化合物III计)溶解,搅拌下滴加正庚烷(480mL,m/v,以化合物III计),搅拌析晶6h,过滤干燥得白色固体IV(收率91.56%,HPLC:98.85%)。
实施例8化合物IV的制备
将化合物III(80g)、三苯基膦醋酸钯碳(6.2g,0.12m/m)、乙醇(1.2L,15v/m)加至密闭的耐压反应釜中,调节温度至40℃,以氢气置换反应釜中空气,通入氢气保压3Mp,搅拌反应6h,将反应液过滤,滤液转移至带有机械搅拌的反应瓶中,滴加氯化亚砜(27.29g,1.6eq),滴毕,30℃恒温继续搅拌反应2h,TLC[展开剂:石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1]检测反应完毕。将反应液减压蒸干,加入醋酸异丙酯(160mL,m/v,以化合物III计)溶解,搅拌下滴加正庚烷(480mL,m/v,以化合物III计),搅拌析晶6h,过滤干燥得白色固体IV(收率82.52%,HPLC:96.82%)。
化合物IV的检测(HPLC归一化法):色谱柱Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18(4.6×150mm,5μm);流动相A相:0.03mol/L的磷酸二氢钾(内含0.1%的三乙胺,磷酸调pH=3),B相:乙腈,梯度洗脱(0→20min:A 85%→35%;20→30min:A35%;30→40minA 85%);检测波长:201nm;柱温25℃;流速1mL/min。
实施例9化合物I的制备
将化合物IV(80g)、丁二酸酐(16.51g,1.1eq)、醋酸异丙酯(800mL,10v/m),搅拌下滴加三乙胺(37.95g,2.5eq),滴毕,继续搅拌反应2h,TLC[展开剂:二氯甲烷:甲醇=12:1]检测反应完毕,加入0.1mol/LHCl溶液(800mL,10v/m),继续搅拌5min,分液,收集有机层,加入0.5mol/LNaOH水溶液(800mL,10v/m),搅拌反应1h,分液,收集水层,搅拌下滴加1.8mol/L氯化钙溶液(7.49g,0.45eq),搅拌析晶3h,过滤干燥后得白色固体I即沙库巴曲钙盐(收率85.65%,HPLC:99.93%)。
实施例10化合物I的制备
将化合物IV(80g)、丁二酸酐(15.00g,1eq)、乙酸乙酯(800mL,10v/m),搅拌下滴加三乙胺(30.36g,2eq),滴毕,继续搅拌反应2h,TLC[展开剂:二氯甲烷:甲醇=12:1]检测反应完毕,加入0.1mol/LHCl溶液(800mL,10v/m),继续搅拌5min,分液,收集有机层,加入0.5mol/LNaOH水溶液(800mL,10v/m),搅拌反应1h,分液,收集水层,搅拌下滴加1.8mol/L氯化钙溶液(6.66g,0.4eq),搅拌析晶3h,过滤干燥后得白色固体I即沙库巴曲钙盐(收率85.28%,HPLC:99.90%)。
实施例11化合物I的制备
将化合物IV(80g)、丁二酸酐(18.00g,1.2eq)、二氯甲烷(800mL,10v/m),搅拌下滴加三乙胺(45.54g,3eq),滴毕,继续搅拌反应2h,TLC[展开剂:二氯甲烷:甲醇=12:1]检测反应完毕,加入0.1mol/LHCl溶液(800mL,10v/m),继续搅拌5min,分液,收集有机层,加入0.5mol/LNaOH水溶液(800mL,10v/m),搅拌反应1h,分液,收集水层,搅拌下滴加1.8mol/L氯化钙溶液(8.33g,0.5eq),搅拌析晶3h,过滤干燥后得白色固体I即沙库巴曲钙盐(收率85.76%,HPLC:99.89%)。
实施例12化合物I的制备
将化合物I(80g)、丁二酸酐(22.51g,1.5eq)、三氯甲烷(800mL,10v/m),搅拌下滴加三乙胺(22.77g,2.5eq),滴毕,继续搅拌反应2h,TLC[展开剂:二氯甲烷:甲醇=12:1]检测反应完毕,加入0.1mol/LHCl溶液(800mL,10v/m),继续搅拌5min,分液,收集有机层,加入0.5mol/LNaOH水溶液(800mL,10v/m),搅拌反应1h,分液,收集水层,搅拌下滴加1.8mol/L氯化钙溶液(9.99g,0.6eq),搅拌析晶3h,过滤干燥后得白色固体I(收率78.96%,HPLC:96.82%)。
化合物III的检测(HPLC归一化法):色谱柱Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18(4.6×150mm,5μm);流动相A相:0.02mol/L磷酸二氢铵(磷酸调pH=3.0)为流动相,B相:乙腈,梯度洗脱(0→30min:A70%→55%;30→35min:A 55%;35→55minA 50%→25%);检测波长:201nm;柱温25℃;流速1mL/min。
Claims (10)
2.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤a所述氧化反应的催化剂为碳酸氢钠、溴化钠、TEMPO的组合,其中化合物II、碳酸氢钠、溴化钠、TEMPO质量比为1:1.5:1.8:0.03;所述氧化反应的氧化剂为有效氯含10%~15%的次氯酸钠溶液。
3.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤a所述有机溶剂A为乙酸乙酯、醋酸异丙酯、乙腈、二氯甲烷中的一种或其组合;所述氧化反应的温度为0~10℃。
4.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤a所述化合物II与叔丁氧甲酰基亚乙基三苯基膦的摩尔数比为1:1~1.2;所述Wittig反应的温度为10~30℃。
5.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤b中所述不对称还原反应的还原剂为氢气;反应温度为10~30℃;反应压力为4~6Mpa。
6.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤b所述不对称还原反应的催化剂为四(三苯基膦)钯碳,二(三苯基膦)二氯钯碳,[1,1-双(二苯基膦)(二茂铁)]二氯化钯碳,三苯基膦醋酸钯碳中的一种或其组合,其中化合物III与催化剂的摩尔比为1:0.03~0.1。
7.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤b所述化合物III与氯化亚砜的摩尔比为1:1~1.5;步骤b中所述保温反应的温度为20~50℃。
8.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤c中所述酰化反应所用溶剂B为乙酸乙酯、醋酸异丙酯、二氯甲烷或三氯甲烷。
9.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤c中所述化合物IV、三乙胺、丁二酸酐的摩尔比为1:2~3:1~1.2,优选1:2.5:1.1。
10.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤c中所述化合物IV与氯化钙的摩尔比为1:0.4~0.5。
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