CN113103070A - Method for machining microgrooves by shearing, thickening and abrasive flow combined grinding - Google Patents
Method for machining microgrooves by shearing, thickening and abrasive flow combined grinding Download PDFInfo
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- CN113103070A CN113103070A CN202110247056.7A CN202110247056A CN113103070A CN 113103070 A CN113103070 A CN 113103070A CN 202110247056 A CN202110247056 A CN 202110247056A CN 113103070 A CN113103070 A CN 113103070A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 title claims description 59
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 44
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/10—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving other means for tumbling of work
- B24B31/116—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving other means for tumbling of work using plastically deformable grinding compound, moved relatively to the workpiece under the influence of pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/12—Accessories; Protective equipment or safety devices; Installations for exhaustion of dust or for sound absorption specially adapted for machines covered by group B24B31/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/12—Accessories; Protective equipment or safety devices; Installations for exhaustion of dust or for sound absorption specially adapted for machines covered by group B24B31/00
- B24B31/14—Abrading-bodies specially designed for tumbling apparatus, e.g. abrading-balls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/04—Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种剪切增稠磨料流复合磨削加工微槽的方法，包括：将磨料添加至剪切增稠液中并充分扩散形成具有剪切增稠效应的浓悬浮液；将剪切增稠磨料流液体置于磨料流储液槽中，将工件装夹在工作平台上，调节器调节主轴倾角，使微磨头轴线与工件上表面成预设夹角，将工件和微磨头同时浸没在剪切增稠磨料流液体中；微磨头沿Y轴进给，在剪切增稠磨料流液体中高速旋转，形成柔性抛光头，并对微槽表面产生流体动压效应；一次加工完成后旋转工作平台旋转工件，微磨头沿X轴方向进给，使用磨头端面对微槽另一侧再次进行磨料流复合磨削加工，以获得两侧同等高质量的微槽表面。本发明在保证加工尺寸精度的同时提高工件表面质量，适用于微细结构的加工。
The invention discloses a method for composite grinding of microgrooves with shear-thickening abrasive streams, which comprises the following steps: adding abrasives to shear-thickening liquid and fully diffusing to form a thick suspension with shear-thickening effect; The thickened abrasive flow liquid is placed in the abrasive flow storage tank, the workpiece is clamped on the working platform, and the adjuster adjusts the inclination of the main shaft, so that the axis of the micro-grinding head forms a preset angle with the upper surface of the workpiece, and the workpiece and the micro-grinding head form a preset angle. At the same time, it is immersed in the shear-thickening abrasive flow liquid; the micro-grinding head is fed along the Y-axis and rotates at high speed in the shear-thickening abrasive flow liquid to form a flexible polishing head and produce a hydrodynamic pressure effect on the surface of the micro-groove; once After the machining is completed, the rotating work platform rotates the workpiece, the micro-grinding head is fed along the X-axis direction, and the end of the grinding head faces the other side of the micro-groove to perform abrasive flow compound grinding again, so as to obtain the same high-quality micro-groove surface on both sides. . The invention improves the surface quality of the workpiece while ensuring the machining dimensional accuracy, and is suitable for the machining of fine structures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material surface machining, and particularly relates to a method for machining a microgroove by shearing, thickening and abrasive flow composite grinding.
Background
In recent years, key parts applied in the fields of aviation, medical treatment, photoelectricity and the like have made increasingly higher requirements on the processing precision, the processing surface quality and the surface integrity of the processing technology in order to obtain higher stability and reliability of product performance.
Conventional grinding is a precision machining method that uses a fixed abrasive to make intermittent contact with the surface of a workpiece at a high linear velocity to mechanically replicate the machined surface. However, micro-grinding tools are difficult to sharpen and dress, and wear relatively quickly, resulting in poor quality and integrity of the machined surface. In order to solve the problems, various auxiliary grinding means such as laser auxiliary grinding, discharge auxiliary grinding, ultrasonic auxiliary grinding and the like are provided, and the aims of ensuring the processing precision, reducing the abrasion of a grinding wheel and improving the surface quality are fulfilled.
The laser-assisted grinding process heats the surface of the workpiece locally through laser energy, so that crystal grains on the surface of the workpiece material flow, and the surface performance of the workpiece is changed, thereby reducing the strength and hardness of the workpiece, and improving the material removal rate and the processing precision. The discharge auxiliary grinding is a processing process for synchronously removing workpiece materials by electric spark discharge ablation and mechanical force cutting, a discharge gap is formed between a metal binding agent of a grinding wheel and the surface of a workpiece in the processing process, and the generated instantaneous high temperature causes the material of the surface layer of the workpiece to be thermally softened and even melted, so that the machinability of the workpiece is improved. The ultrasonic auxiliary grinding is to apply ultrasonic vibration to a tool or a workpiece in the grinding process, so that the cutting tracks of abrasive particles are overlapped and form intermittent contact with the workpiece, the cooling and lubricating effect and the self-sharpening property of the abrasive wheel are enhanced, the grinding force and the grinding temperature are reduced, the blockage and the abrasion of the abrasive wheel are reduced, and the integrity of the processed surface is improved.
The auxiliary grinding processing technology needs additional expensive auxiliary equipment such as a laser, a pulse power supply, an ultrasonic generating device and the like, and is difficult to install and debug.
Chinese patent application 'grinding wheel constraint abrasive particle injection precision finishing method and device (CN 200510046305.7)' discloses a grinding wheel constraint abrasive particle injection precision finishing method, which comprises the working procedures of grinding wheel grinding, abrasive particle injection and the like. However, this technique has the following disadvantages:
1. the construction of the abrasive particle injection device is complex, and the injected abrasive particle fluid is not easy to recover and causes certain pollution to the environment.
2. The parallel large grinding wheel is adopted as the restraining wheel, has high processing limitation, is mainly suitable for the finishing processing of the excircle, the inner hole and the large plane of the workpiece, and is not suitable for the processing of the microgroove structure.
3. The abrasive particle fluid sprayed in is driven by the rotation of the grinding wheel to impact the surface of the workpiece to remove materials, the adopted abrasive particle fluid has strong fluidity, the holding force on the abrasive particles is weak, and the processing efficiency and the processing quality are not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to seek a method for grinding and polishing the surface of a material with low cost and high efficiency to compositely process a functional surface of a microstructure, and improve the surface quality of the microstructure on the premise of ensuring the dimensional accuracy of the processed microstructure.
The invention provides a method for processing microgrooves by shearing, thickening and abrasive flow composite grinding, which comprises the following steps:
adding an abrasive into the shear thickening liquid, fully diffusing the abrasive to form a thick suspension with a shear thickening effect to obtain shear thickening abrasive flow liquid, wherein the particle diameter of the added abrasive is smaller than the difference between the cutting height and the grinding depth of the abrasive on the micro grinding head, and placing the prepared shear thickening abrasive flow liquid into an abrasive flow liquid storage tank;
clamping a workpiece on a rotary working platform, adjusting the inclination angle of a main shaft through a main shaft inclination angle adjuster to enable the axis of a micro grinding head to form an included angle of 30-60 degrees with the upper surface of the workpiece, and simultaneously immersing the workpiece and the micro grinding head in configured shear thickening abrasive flow liquid;
in the process of processing a plane V-shaped groove, a micro grinding head feeds along the Y-axis direction, rotates in shear thickening abrasive flow liquid to form a flexible polishing head and generates a fluid dynamic pressure effect on the surface of the micro groove, so that deep scratches and edge burrs generated by coarse grinding grain consolidation are eliminated, and the purpose of finishing the surface of a workpiece is achieved;
after the primary processing is finished, the working platform rotates the workpiece by a preset angle around the Z axis, the micro grinding head feeds a small amount of material along the X axis direction, and the grinding head end is used for facing the other side of the micro groove to carry out abrasive flow composite grinding processing again so as to obtain the micro groove surfaces with the same high quality on the two sides.
Further, the kind of the abrasive added to the shear thickening fluid may be any one of diamond, silicon carbide, cerium oxide, and corundum.
Furthermore, the added abrasive has a grain size number W of 0.5-40 and is smaller than a tiny gap formed between the used micro-abrasive head bonding agent and the surface of the workpiece, so that free abrasive grains can enter the gap to achieve the effects of polishing and updating the abrasive grains. .
Further, the mass fraction of the grinding material in the shear thickening grinding material flow liquid is 5-30%.
Further, the abrasive is sufficiently diffused by mechanical stirring and ultrasonic vibration.
Furthermore, the micro grinding head rotating at high speed drives grinding fluid to flow in a wedge-shaped space formed by the micro grinding head and the surface of the micro groove, so that the grinding fluid is forced to flow from a large section to a small section and flow out, the condition of generating hydrodynamic pressure effect is met, and positive pressure with polishing effect is generated on the surface of the micro groove.
Further, the diameter of the micro grinding head is 1mm to 5 mm.
Further, the particle size of the micro-grinding head is between #100 and # 600.
Furthermore, the rotating speed range of the used spindle is 10000-60000 r/min. Higher spindle speeds are required for smaller diameter grinding heads to achieve sufficient hydrodynamic pressure to produce the polishing action.
Furthermore, in the machining process, the motion trail of the abrasive particles on the end face of the micro grinding head is a spiral line.
According to the invention, a workpiece is clamped to a rotary working platform, the inclination angle of a main shaft is adjusted through a main shaft inclination angle adjuster, so that the included angle of 30-60 degrees is formed between the axis of a flat-bottom cylindrical micro grinding head and the upper surface of the workpiece, the workpiece and the micro grinding head are immersed in configured shear thickening abrasive flow liquid simultaneously, and the flat-bottom cylindrical micro grinding head is controlled by a numerical control system to feed slowly along the Y-axis direction. When the micro grinding head rotates at a high speed to grind the surface of a workpiece, the shear thickening abrasive flow liquid is driven to enter a wedge-shaped gap formed between the micro grinding head and the surface of the workpiece, a specific speed field and a specific pressure field are generated, a flexible polishing head is formed under the action of the shear thickening effect, a fluid dynamic pressure effect is generated on the surface of the micro groove, deep scratches and edge burrs generated by coarse grinding grains solidified in the grinding process are eliminated, and the purpose of finishing the surface of the workpiece is achieved. The fluid pressure at the outlet is suddenly reduced, and the chips and free abrasive particles in the fluid are carried away from the grinding and polishing area to achieve the purposes of chip removal and free abrasive particle updating, so that a complex hydraulic generating device required in the traditional abrasive flow processing is omitted, the free abrasive particles in the shearing and thickening abrasive flow liquid and the fixed abrasive particles on the micro grinding head are used for scratching, plowing and cutting the workpiece together, the micro removal of the surface of the workpiece material is realized, and the efficient combined processing of grinding and abrasive flow polishing is realized.
In the invention, after the microgrooves are machined at one time, the workpiece is rotated by 180 degrees around the Z axis through the rotary working platform, the micro grinding head feeds micro along the X axis direction, and the grinding head end is used for facing the other side of the microgrooves to carry out abrasive flow composite grinding again so as to obtain the microgroove surfaces with the same high quality on both sides. The micro-feeding of the micro grinding head along the X-axis direction avoids secondary damage to the processed surface, and the spiral motion track of the grinding head end face abrasive particles can obtain a better micro-groove processing surface.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize the following beneficial effects:
(1) the shear thickening abrasive flow auxiliary grinding microgroove processing method based on fluid dynamic pressure is convenient and efficient to implement, the design, manufacture and installation of the device are not complex, abrasive flow composite grinding processing can be achieved through simple modification on a common grinding machine, the processing size precision is guaranteed, the surface quality of a workpiece is improved, and a smooth microstructure surface can be obtained.
(2) The invention provides an abrasive flow composite grinding technology based on fluid dynamic pressure, which combines the technical characteristics of abrasive flow processing, such as small cutting force, the functions of deburring, polishing, chamfering and changing the surface performance of parts by one-step processing, does not need complex auxiliary equipment, is simple to install and debug, can realize the processing of the smooth and micro-structure surfaces of materials which are difficult to process, such as monocrystalline silicon, monocrystalline silicon carbide, sapphire, optical glass, hard die steel, biological titanium alloy and the like, through two processes of composite grinding and polishing, improves the production rate and ensures the consistency of product processing.
(3) According to the invention, when the micro grinding head rotates to grind the surface of a workpiece, the shear thickening abrasive flow liquid is driven to enter a wedge-shaped space formed between the micro grinding head and the surface of the workpiece, the abrasive flow has a high flow speed at an inlet and has a high positive pressure on the surface of the workpiece, the fluid pressure at an outlet is suddenly reduced, chips and free abrasive particles in the fluid are taken away from a grinding and polishing area, the abrasive flow is easy to recover, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
(4) In the invention, the right angle of the edge of the micro grinding head is used as a processing edge, and the right angle of the edge of the grinding head is copied to the surface of a workpiece to process a micro-groove structure.
(5) The invention adopts the shear thickening fluid, the viscosity of the fluid is increased along with the increase of the rotating speed, and compared with the common Newtonian fluid, the shear thickening fluid has stronger holding force on the abrasive particles and higher processing efficiency and processing quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for abrasive flow combined grinding machining of functional surfaces of micro-groove structures.
Wherein: 1 rotating main shaft, 2 micro grinding heads, 3 shearing thickening abrasive flow liquid, 4 abrasive flow liquid storage tanks, 5 workpieces, 6 rotating working platforms, 7 main shaft inclination angle regulators, 8 flexible polishing heads, 9 grinding head end face single abrasive particle motion tracks
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of abrasive flow compound grinding based on hydrodynamic pressure.
FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of the relationship between viscosity and shear rate for a shear thickening abrasive fluid configured.
Fig. 4 is a scanning electron micrograph of a conventional grinding and shear thickening abrasive flow compound grinding using the abrasive tip bottom machining NAK80 die steel.
Figure 5 is a scanning electron micrograph of conventional grinding and shear thickening abrasive flow compound grinding using the side machining of the grinding head for NAK80 die steel.
Detailed Description
In the following description, technical solutions are set forth in conjunction with specific figures in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This application is capable of embodiments in many different forms than those described herein and it is intended that all such modifications that would occur to one skilled in the art are deemed to be within the scope of the invention.
The terminology used in the description is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the description. As used in one or more embodiments of the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
A new process for composite grinding of a functional surface of a V-groove structure on a material surface, in particular to a method for composite grinding of a microgroove by a shear thickening abrasive flow, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding a certain mass fraction of abrasive into the shear thickening liquid, and fully diffusing through mechanical stirring and ultrasonic vibration to form a thick suspension with shear thickening effect, wherein the diameter of the added abrasive particles is smaller than the difference between the cutting height and the grinding depth of the abrasive particles on the micro grinding head. The configured shear thickening abrasive stream liquid 3 is then placed in an abrasive stream reservoir 4.
In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the kind of the abrasive may be any one of diamond, silicon carbide, cerium oxide, and corundum.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the added abrasive particles have a particle size number W0.5-40 and are smaller than the small gap formed between the grinding head and the workpiece surface, so that free abrasive particles can enter the gap to achieve the polishing and abrasive particle renewal effects.
In one specific embodiment of the invention, the added abrasive material accounts for 5-30% of the mass fraction of the shear thickening abrasive stream liquid.
Step 2: clamping a workpiece 5 on a rotary working platform 6, adjusting the inclination angle of a main shaft through a main shaft inclination angle adjuster 7 to enable the axis of a micro grinding head and the upper surface of the workpiece 5 to form an included angle of 30-60 degrees, and simultaneously immersing the workpiece 5 and the micro grinding head in the configured shear thickening abrasive flow liquid.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, flat-bottomed cylindrical micro-grinding heads are used.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, the above operations are performed on a numerically controlled grinder Multi Pro. Firstly, a workpiece 5 to be processed is fixed on a rotary working platform of a numerical control grinder, a flat-bottomed cylindrical micro grinding head is clamped on a rotary main shaft, the inclination angle of the main shaft is adjusted to 45 degrees through a main shaft inclination angle adjuster, the prepared shear thickening abrasive flow liquid is added into an abrasive flow liquid storage tank, a workpiece and a grinding tool are immersed in the abrasive flow liquid storage tank, a protective cover is fixed, a grinder switch is started, when the micro grinding head rotates at a high speed to grind the surface of a workpiece, the shear thickening abrasive flow liquid is driven to enter a wedge-shaped space formed between the micro grinding head and the surface of the workpiece to generate a specific speed field and a specific pressure field, the abrasive flow has a larger flow speed at an inlet and has a larger positive pressure on the surface of the workpiece, a flexible polishing head is formed under the action of a shear thickening effect, so that deep scratches and edge burrs generated by coarse grinding grain consolidation in the grinding process are eliminated, and the purpose of finishing the surface of a workpiece is achieved. The fluid pressure at the outlet is suddenly reduced, the chips and free abrasive particles in the fluid are carried away from the grinding and polishing area to achieve the purposes of chip removal and free abrasive particle updating, so that a complex hydraulic generating device required in the traditional abrasive flow processing is omitted, the free abrasive particles in the shearing and thickening abrasive flow liquid and the fixed abrasive particles on the micro grinding head are used for scratching, plowing and cutting the workpiece together, the surface of the workpiece material is slightly removed, and the efficient combined processing of grinding and abrasive flow polishing is realized, as shown in fig. 2. The relationship between the viscosity and the shear rate of the abrasive flow liquid with the shear thickening effect is shown in fig. 3, and the viscosity of the shear thickening abrasive flow liquid is increased along with the increase of the shear rate, so that the free abrasive particles are still held strongly at a high rotating speed, and the polishing effect is enhanced.
Wherein, the micro-grinding head rotates at high speed to generate high shear rate, so that the viscosity of the shear thickening abrasive flow liquid with shear thickening effect is greatly improved, and the flexible polishing head with polishing effect is formed.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the micro-abrasive tip has a diameter of 1mm to 5mm and a particle size of #100 to # 600.
In one embodiment of the invention, the rotation speed of the spindle ranges from 10000 to 60000 r/min. Higher spindle speeds are required for smaller diameter grinding heads to achieve sufficient hydrodynamic pressure to produce the polishing action.
And step 3: in the process of processing a plane V-shaped groove, a micro grinding head feeds along the Y-axis direction, rotates at high speed in shear thickening abrasive flow liquid to form a flexible polishing head, and generates a fluid dynamic pressure effect on the surface of the V-shaped groove to polish the surface of a workpiece; after the primary processing is finished, the working platform rotates the workpiece for 180 degrees around the Z axis, the micro grinding head feeds along the X axis direction, and the grinding head end is used for facing the other side of the micro groove to perform abrasive flow composite grinding processing again.
In the embodiment, a cartesian three-coordinate system meeting the right-hand rule is constructed by taking the transverse movement direction of the machine tool spindle in the horizontal plane as the X-axis direction and the longitudinal movement direction as the Y-axis direction, the flat-bottomed cylindrical micro grinding head is inclined by 45 degrees and is controlled by the numerical control system to feed along the Y-axis direction, and thus a V-groove structure is machined on the surface of a workpiece. And the feeding of the workpiece along the X-axis direction is controlled by a numerical control system, so that the V-shaped groove structure displayed on the surface of the workpiece is machined.
The comparison graph of NAK80 die steel processed by the grinding head bottom end for common grinding and shear thickening abrasive flow composite grinding is shown in figure 4, the comparison graph of NAK80 die steel processed by the grinding head side end for common grinding and shear thickening abrasive flow composite grinding is shown in figure 5, experiments show that the processing quality of composite grinding by shear thickening abrasive flow is obviously improved compared with that of common grinding no matter the grinding head bottom surface or the grinding head side surface is used, meanwhile, the motion track of abrasive particles on the grinding head end surface is a spiral line, the quality processed by the grinding head bottom end is higher than that processed by the grinding head side surface, and therefore after one-time processing is finished, a workpiece is rotated by 180 degrees by using a Z axis as a rotating shaft and micro-feeding is carried out along the X axis direction through a rotating platform, and then abrasive flow composite grinding is carried out again, so that the functional surfaces of the microgrooves with the.
The type of abrasive particles, the particle size of the abrasive particles, the fluid medium and the mass fraction are determined according to the material of the workpiece and the requirements on the surface roughness. After the material and surface roughness standard of the workpiece are determined, the rotating speed of the main shaft is determined, and the following table lists the machining conditions of the abrasive flow composite grinding machining micro-groove die steel in one embodiment of the invention.
TABLE 1 conditions for composite abrasive machining of microgrooves by shear thickening abrasive flow
It should be noted that, the sequence numbers before the steps are only for convenience of description, and do not limit the sequence of the steps.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents and are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for processing the microgrooves by the composite grinding of the shear thickening abrasive flow is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adding an abrasive into the shear thickening liquid, fully diffusing the abrasive to form a thick suspension with a shear thickening effect to obtain shear thickening abrasive flow liquid, wherein the particle diameter of the added abrasive is smaller than the difference between the cutting height and the grinding depth of the abrasive on the micro grinding head, and placing the prepared shear thickening abrasive flow liquid into an abrasive flow liquid storage tank;
clamping a workpiece on a rotary working platform, adjusting the inclination angle of a main shaft through a main shaft inclination angle adjuster to enable the axis of a micro grinding head and the upper surface of the workpiece to form a preset included angle, and simultaneously immersing the workpiece and the micro grinding head in configured shear thickening abrasive flow liquid;
in the process of processing a plane V-shaped groove, a micro grinding head feeds along the Y-axis direction, and rotates in shear thickening abrasive flow liquid to form a flexible polishing head;
after the primary processing is finished, the working platform rotates the workpiece by a preset angle around the Z axis, the micro grinding head feeds along the X axis direction, and the grinding head end is used for facing the other side of the micro groove to perform abrasive flow composite grinding processing again.
2. The method for processing microgrooves through shear thickening abrasive flow compound grinding according to claim 1, wherein the type of the abrasive added to the shear thickening fluid can be any one of diamond, silicon carbide, cerium oxide and corundum.
3. The method for processing the microgrooves through the shear thickening abrasive flow compound grinding according to claim 1, wherein the grain size number of the added abrasives is W0.5-40.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the abrasive comprises 5-30% of the shear thickening abrasive fluid.
5. The method of claim 1 for composite abrasive machining of microgrooves with shear thickening abrasive flow, wherein: the abrasive is fully diffused by mechanical stirring and ultrasonic vibration.
6. The method for machining the microgrooves through the shear thickening abrasive flow compound grinding according to claim 1, wherein a preset included angle formed between an axis of the micro grinding head and the upper surface of the workpiece is 30-60 degrees.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the micro-abrasive head has a diameter of 1mm to 5 mm.
8. The method for processing the microgrooves through the shear thickening abrasive flow compound grinding according to claim 1, wherein the grain size of the micro grinding head is between #100 and # 600.
9. The method for processing the microgrooves through the shear thickening abrasive flow compound grinding according to claim 1, wherein the rotating speed of the spindle is 10000-60000 r/min during the processing.
10. The method for processing microgrooves in a shear thickening abrasive flow compound grinding machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the motion trail of the abrasive grains on the end surface of the micro grinding head is a spiral line during the processing.
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