CN113098507A - Voltage controlled oscillator and phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer - Google Patents
Voltage controlled oscillator and phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer Download PDFInfo
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- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/16—Indirect frequency synthesis, i.e. generating a desired one of a number of predetermined frequencies using a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/18—Indirect frequency synthesis, i.e. generating a desired one of a number of predetermined frequencies using a frequency- or phase-locked loop using a frequency divider or counter in the loop
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
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Abstract
The invention discloses a voltage-controlled oscillator and a phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer. The first end of the annular oscillation module is connected with a power supply end, and the second end of the annular oscillation module is respectively connected with the first end of the frequency adjustment module and the first end of the gain adjustment module; the second end of the frequency adjusting module and the second end of the gain adjusting module are connected to the grounding end in common; the third end of the frequency adjusting module is connected with the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjusting module is connected with the adjusting controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer. The frequency adjusting module adjusts the output frequency of the oscillating signal according to the control voltage in a mode of not more than first adjusting precision; the gain adjusting module adjusts the output frequency of the oscillating signal and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the reference clock control signal in a mode of not less than the second adjusting precision, and can reduce gain deviation; phase noise generated by the bias circuit is eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ring oscillators, in particular to a voltage-controlled oscillator and a phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer.
Background
This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
The ring oscillator is formed by connecting a plurality of inverters end to end in series, the plurality of inverters contribute 180-degree phase shift, each node is added together and contributes 180-degree phase shift additionally, and when the gain of a signal passing through the plurality of inverters is greater than 0dB, the condition of oscillation generation can be easily met. The inverter can be single-phase or differential, and the single-phase ring oscillator is simple in structure and can obtain higher oscillation frequency more easily. The ring oscillator with the differential inverter structure is more suitable for application scenarios with high system noise, because the differential structure is more favorable for suppressing the system noise.
A ring oscillator is often used in a pll frequency synthesizer, and the ring oscillator is modified to control the output frequency of the pll frequency synthesizer based on the input voltage. In the existing voltage-controlled oscillator, the voltage-controlled oscillator generally comprises a bias circuit, a ring oscillation circuit and a control voltage-to-current circuit. However, when the conventional voltage-controlled oscillator is applied to a pll frequency synthesizer, there are problems of excessive gain deviation, excessive phase noise, and complicated frequency trimming, and it is difficult to ensure that the pll frequency synthesizer locks to a target frequency in all temperature ranges and in the presence of manufacturing deviation, and it is also difficult to ensure that the pll frequency synthesizer outputs a stable and high-quality clock.
Therefore, the conventional voltage-controlled oscillator has problems of large gain deviation and large phase noise.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a voltage-controlled oscillator, which is respectively connected with a power supply terminal and a grounding terminal and used for reducing gain deviation and phase noise, and the voltage-controlled oscillator comprises:
the device comprises a ring oscillation module, a frequency adjustment module and a gain adjustment module;
the first end of the annular oscillation module is connected with a power supply end, and the second end of the annular oscillation module is respectively connected with the first end of the frequency adjustment module and the first end of the gain adjustment module; the third end of the annular oscillation module is the output end of the annular oscillation module;
the second end of the frequency adjusting module and the second end of the gain adjusting module are connected to the grounding end in common; the third end of the frequency adjusting module is connected with a control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjusting module is connected with an adjusting controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;
the ring oscillation module is used for generating an oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator;
the frequency adjusting module is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of being not more than first adjusting precision according to the control voltage;
and the gain adjusting module is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of not less than the second adjusting precision according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjusting controller.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a voltage controlled oscillator, which is respectively connected to a power source terminal and a ground terminal, and configured to reduce gain deviation and phase noise, the voltage controlled oscillator including:
the device comprises a ring oscillation module, a frequency adjustment module and a gain adjustment module;
the first end of the gain adjusting module and the first end of the ring-shaped oscillation module are connected to a power supply end in a sharing mode, and the second end of the gain adjusting module and the second end of the ring-shaped oscillation module are connected to the first end of the frequency adjusting module in a sharing mode; the second end of the frequency adjusting module is connected with a grounding end;
the third end of the ring oscillation module is the output end of the ring oscillation module, the third end of the frequency adjustment module is connected with the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjustment module is connected with an automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;
the ring oscillation module is used for generating an oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator;
the frequency adjusting module is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of being not more than first adjusting precision according to the control voltage;
and the gain adjusting module is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of not less than the second adjusting precision according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjusting controller.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a voltage controlled oscillator, which is respectively connected to a power source terminal and a ground terminal, and configured to reduce gain deviation and phase noise, the voltage controlled oscillator including:
the device comprises a ring oscillation module, a frequency adjustment module and a gain adjustment module;
the first end of the gain adjusting module and the first end of the frequency adjusting module are connected to a power supply end, the second end of the gain adjusting module and the second end of the frequency adjusting module are connected to the first end of the annular oscillation module, and the second end of the annular oscillation module is connected to a ground end;
the third end of the ring oscillation module is the output end of the ring oscillation module, the third end of the frequency adjustment module is connected with the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjustment module is connected with an automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;
the ring oscillation module is used for generating an oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator;
the frequency adjusting module is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of being not more than first adjusting precision according to the control voltage;
and the gain adjusting module is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of not less than the second adjusting precision according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjusting controller.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a voltage controlled oscillator, which is respectively connected to a power source terminal and a ground terminal, and configured to reduce gain deviation and phase noise, the voltage controlled oscillator including:
the device comprises a ring oscillation module, a frequency adjustment module and a gain adjustment module;
the first end of the frequency adjusting module is connected with a power supply end, the second end of the frequency adjusting module and the first end of the gain adjusting module are connected to the first end of the ring-shaped oscillation module in a shared mode, and the second end of the gain adjusting module and the second end of the ring-shaped oscillation module are connected to the ground end in a shared mode;
the third end of the ring oscillation module is the output end of the ring oscillation module, the third end of the frequency adjustment module is connected with the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjustment module is connected with an automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;
the ring oscillation module is used for generating an oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator;
the frequency adjusting module is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of being not more than first adjusting precision according to the control voltage;
and the gain adjusting module is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of not less than the second adjusting precision according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjusting controller.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer, wherein the phase-locked loop comprises the voltage-controlled oscillator in any embodiment.
In the embodiment of the invention, the voltage-controlled oscillator comprises a ring oscillation module, a frequency adjustment module and a gain adjustment module, wherein a first end of the ring oscillation module is connected with a power supply end, and a second end of the ring oscillation module is respectively connected with a first end of the frequency adjustment module and a first end of the gain adjustment module; the third end of the annular oscillation module is the output end of the annular oscillation module; the second end of the frequency adjusting module and the second end of the gain adjusting module are connected to the grounding end in common; the third end of the frequency adjusting module is connected with the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjusting module is connected with the adjusting controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer. According to the embodiment of the invention, the frequency adjusting module can adjust the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of not more than the first adjusting precision according to the control voltage; the gain adjusting module can adjust the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of not less than the second adjusting precision according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjusting controller, so that the gain deviation can be reduced; meanwhile, the voltage-controlled oscillator eliminates a bias circuit and eliminates phase noise generated by the bias circuit, so that the phase noise can be reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a circuit structure of a conventional voltage controlled oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of a voltage controlled oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a functional block diagram of a voltage controlled oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a functional block diagram of a voltage controlled oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a functional block diagram of a voltage controlled oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a functional block diagram of a voltage controlled oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of a ring oscillation module 101 in a voltage-controlled oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of a frequency adjustment module 102 in a vco according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a block diagram of a gain adjustment module 103 in a voltage controlled oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a circuit configuration diagram of a voltage controlled oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is another circuit configuration diagram of a voltage controlled oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a pll frequency synthesizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic circuit structure of a conventional voltage controlled oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention, and only shows portions related to the embodiment of the present invention for convenience of description, and details are as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, a conventional voltage-controlled oscillator is connected to a power supply terminal and a ground terminal, and includes a current bias circuit, a current copy circuit, a gain adjustment circuit, a ring oscillator circuit, and a waveform shaping module.
The resistor R1, the MOS transistor MP04, the MOS transistor MN04, and the resistor R2 together form a current bias circuit, and the control signal BIASCODE is used to adjust the process deviation of the bias current, which needs to be provided by an additional process deviation detection circuit.
The MOS transistor MN05 forms a current copy circuit together with the resistor R3, and the reference clock control signal FSWCODE is used to control the proportion of the current copy to coarsely adjust (adjust in a manner not less than the second adjustment accuracy) the oscillation frequency of the ring oscillator. The control signal is provided by a tuning controller of the PLL frequency synthesizer for controlling the ring oscillator to operate at a desired frequency.
The MOS transistor MN06 is a gain adjustment circuit of the ring oscillator, and is used to adjust the gain of the ring oscillator in cooperation with a control signal VICCODE, the setting of which is changed according to the frequency to be locked by the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer.
The MOS transistor MP01, the MOS transistor MP02, the MOS transistor MP03, the MOS transistor MN01, the MOS transistor MN02, and the MOS transistor MN03 form a three-stage ring oscillator circuit, the oscillation frequency of which is controlled by the current bias circuit and the current copy circuit, and the gain of which is controlled by the gain control circuit.
C0 is the filter capacitor of the power supply required by the ring oscillator to stabilize the oscillation frequency of the oscillator.
LSDCC is a waveform shaping circuit that receives a sine-wave like signal from the output node OUT of the ring oscillator and shapes the square wave required by the output system through internal circuitry.
Fig. 2 shows functional blocks of a voltage-controlled oscillator according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the portions related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and the details are as follows:
as shown in fig. 2, the voltage-controlled oscillator is connected to a power terminal Vdd and a ground terminal GND, respectively, and includes:
a ring oscillation module 101, a frequency adjustment module 102 and a gain adjustment module 103;
a first end (i) of the ring oscillation module 101 is connected with a power supply terminal Vdd, and a second end (i) of the ring oscillation module 101 is respectively connected with a first end (i) of the frequency adjustment module 102 and a first end (i) of the gain adjustment module 103; the third end of the ring oscillation module 101 is the output end of the ring oscillation module 101;
the second end of the frequency adjustment module 102 and the second end of the gain adjustment module 103 are commonly connected to a ground terminal GND; the third end of the frequency adjusting module 102 is connected with the control voltage Vcnt, and the third end of the gain adjusting module 103 is connected with an adjusting controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;
a ring oscillation module 101 for generating an oscillation signal of a voltage controlled oscillator;
the frequency adjusting module 102 is configured to adjust an output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the control voltage Vcnt in a manner that the output frequency is not greater than the first adjustment precision;
and the gain adjusting module 103 is configured to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller with a precision not less than the second adjustment precision.
The voltage-controlled oscillator provided by the embodiment of the invention is suitable for: the output frequency of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer, which requires the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator, increases with the increase of the control voltage Vcnt, and the power supply terminal Vdd voltage is not so low.
The frequency adjustment module 102 adjusts the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the control voltage Vcnt in a manner not greater than the first adjustment precision, that is, the frequency adjustment module 102 finely adjusts the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the control voltage Vcnt, and the gain adjustment module 103 adjusts the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller in a manner not less than the second adjustment precision, that is, the gain adjustment module 103 coarsely adjusts the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller.
The first adjustment precision is smaller or much smaller than the second adjustment precision, and the first adjustment precision and the second adjustment precision are preset by a person skilled in the art according to actual conditions and specific requirements. For example, the first adjustment accuracy is 0.3GHz/step, and the second adjustment accuracy is 0.01 GHz/mV; or the first adjustment accuracy is 0.4GHz/step and the second adjustment accuracy is 0.005 GHz/mV.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage-controlled oscillator includes a ring oscillation module 101, a frequency adjustment module 102, and a gain adjustment module 103, wherein a first end of the ring oscillation module 101 is connected to a power supply terminal Vdd, and a second end of the ring oscillation module 101 is respectively connected to a first end of the frequency adjustment module 102 and a first end of the gain adjustment module 103; the third end of the ring oscillation module 101 is the output end of the ring oscillation module 101; the second end of the frequency adjustment module 102 and the second end of the gain adjustment module 103 are commonly connected to a ground terminal GND; the third terminal of the frequency adjusting module 102 is connected to the control voltage Vcnt, and the third terminal of the gain adjusting module 103 is connected to the adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer. In the embodiment of the present invention, the frequency adjustment module 102 may adjust (fine-tune) the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the control voltage Vcnt in a manner not greater than the first adjustment precision; the gain adjustment module 103 can adjust (coarsely adjust) the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than the second adjustment precision according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller, so that the gain deviation can be reduced; meanwhile, the voltage-controlled oscillator eliminates a bias circuit and eliminates phase noise generated by the bias circuit, so that the phase noise can be reduced.
Fig. 3 shows functional blocks of a voltage controlled oscillator according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and the details are as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, the voltage-controlled oscillator is connected to a power terminal Vdd and a ground terminal GND, respectively, and includes:
a ring oscillation module 101, a frequency adjustment module 102 and a gain adjustment module 103;
a first end of the gain adjustment module 103 and a first end of the ring oscillation module 101 are connected to a power supply terminal Vdd, and a second end of the gain adjustment module 103 and a second end of the ring oscillation module 101 are connected to a first end of the frequency adjustment module 102; the second end of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected to the ground GND;
the third end of the ring oscillation module 101 is the output end of the ring oscillation module 101, the third end of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected with the control voltage Vcnt, and the third end of the gain adjustment module 103 is connected with an automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;
a ring oscillation module 101 for generating an oscillation signal of a voltage controlled oscillator;
the frequency adjusting module 102 is configured to adjust an output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the control voltage Vcnt in a manner that the output frequency is not greater than the first adjustment precision;
and the gain adjusting module 103 is configured to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller with a precision not less than the second adjustment precision.
The voltage-controlled oscillator provided by the embodiment of the invention is suitable for: the output frequency of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer, which requires the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator, increases with the increase of the control voltage Vcnt, and the voltage of the power supply terminal Vdd is low.
In the embodiment of the invention, the voltage-controlled oscillator comprises a ring oscillation module 101, a frequency adjustment module 102 and a gain adjustment module 103, wherein a first end (i) of the gain adjustment module 103 and a first end (i) of the ring oscillation module 101 are connected to a power supply end Vdd, and a second end (ii) of the gain adjustment module 103 and a second end (ii) of the ring oscillation module 101 are connected to the first end (i) of the frequency adjustment module 102; the second end of the frequency adjusting module 102 is connected with the third end of the ground terminal GND ring oscillation module 101, which is the output end of the ring oscillation module 101, the third end of the frequency adjusting module 102 is connected with the control voltage Vcnt, and the third end of the gain adjusting module 103 is connected with the automatic adjusting controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the frequency adjustment module 102 may adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than the first adjustment precision according to the control voltage Vcnt; the gain adjustment module 103 can adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller in a manner of not less than the second adjustment precision, so that the gain deviation can be reduced; meanwhile, the voltage-controlled oscillator eliminates a bias circuit and eliminates phase noise generated by the bias circuit, so that the phase noise can be reduced.
Fig. 4 shows functional blocks of a voltage-controlled oscillator according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the portions related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and the details are as follows:
as shown in fig. 4, the voltage-controlled oscillator is connected to a power terminal Vdd and a ground terminal GND, respectively, and includes:
a ring oscillation module 101, a frequency adjustment module 102 and a gain adjustment module 103;
a first end of the gain adjustment module 103 and a first end of the frequency adjustment module 102 are connected to a power supply terminal Vdd, a second end of the gain adjustment module 103 and a second end of the frequency adjustment module 102 are connected to a first end of the ring oscillation module 101, and a second end of the ring oscillation module 101 is connected to a ground terminal GND;
the third end of the ring oscillation module 101 is the output end of the ring oscillation module 101, the third end of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected with the control voltage Vcnt, and the third end of the gain adjustment module 103 is connected with an automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;
a ring oscillation module 101 for generating an oscillation signal of a voltage controlled oscillator;
the frequency adjusting module 102 is configured to adjust an output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the control voltage Vcnt in a manner that the output frequency is not greater than the first adjustment precision;
and the gain adjusting module 103 is configured to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller with a precision not less than the second adjustment precision.
The voltage-controlled oscillator provided by the embodiment of the invention is suitable for: the output frequency of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer, which requires the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator, decreases as the control voltage Vcnt increases, and the power supply terminal Vdd voltage is not so low.
In the embodiment of the invention, the voltage-controlled oscillator comprises a ring oscillation module 101, a frequency adjustment module 102 and a gain adjustment module 103, wherein a first end (i) of the gain adjustment module 103 and a first end (i) of the frequency adjustment module 102 are connected to a power supply terminal Vdd in common, a second end (ii) of the gain adjustment module 103 and a second end (ii) of the frequency adjustment module 102 are connected to the first end (i) of the ring oscillation module 101 in common, and the second end (ii) of the ring oscillation module 101 is connected to a ground terminal GND; the third end of the ring oscillation module 101 is the output end of the ring oscillation module 101, the third end of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected with the control voltage Vcnt, and the third end of the gain adjustment module 103 is connected with the automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the frequency adjustment module 102 may adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than the first adjustment precision according to the control voltage Vcnt; the gain adjustment module 103 can adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller in a manner of not less than the second adjustment precision, so that the gain deviation can be reduced; meanwhile, the voltage-controlled oscillator eliminates a bias circuit and eliminates phase noise generated by the bias circuit, so that the phase noise can be reduced.
Fig. 5 shows functional blocks of a voltage-controlled oscillator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the portions related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and the details are as follows:
as shown in fig. 5, the voltage-controlled oscillator is connected to a power terminal Vdd and a ground terminal GND, respectively, and includes:
a ring oscillation module 101, a frequency adjustment module 102 and a gain adjustment module 103;
a first end (i) of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected with a power supply end Vdd, a second end (i) of the frequency adjustment module 102 and a first end (i) of the gain adjustment module 103 are connected with a first end (i) of the ring oscillation module 101, and a second end (i) of the gain adjustment module 103 and a second end (i) of the ring oscillation module 101 are connected with a ground end GND;
the third end of the ring oscillation module 101 is the output end of the ring oscillation module 101, the third end of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected with the control voltage Vcnt, and the third end of the gain adjustment module 103 is connected with an automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;
a ring oscillation module 101 for generating an oscillation signal of a voltage controlled oscillator;
the frequency adjusting module 102 is configured to adjust an output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the control voltage Vcnt in a manner that the output frequency is not greater than the first adjustment precision;
and the gain adjusting module 103 is configured to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller with a precision not less than the second adjustment precision.
The voltage-controlled oscillator provided by the embodiment of the invention is suitable for: the output frequency of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer, which requires the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator, decreases with the increase of the control voltage Vcnt, and the voltage of the power supply terminal Vdd is low.
In the embodiment of the invention, the voltage-controlled oscillator comprises a ring oscillation module 101, a frequency adjustment module 102 and a gain adjustment module 103, wherein a first end (i) of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected with a power supply terminal Vdd, a second end (ii) of the frequency adjustment module 102 and a first end (i) of the gain adjustment module 103 are connected to the first end (i) of the ring oscillation module 101 in common, and a second end (ii) of the gain adjustment module 103 and a second end (ii) of the ring oscillation module 101 are connected to a ground terminal GND in common; the third end of the ring oscillation module 101 is the output end of the ring oscillation module 101, the third end of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected with the control voltage Vcnt, and the third end of the gain adjustment module 103 is connected with the automatic regulation control of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the frequency adjustment module 102 may adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than the first adjustment precision according to the control voltage Vcnt; the gain adjustment module 103 can adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller in a manner of not less than the second adjustment precision, so that the gain deviation can be reduced; meanwhile, the voltage-controlled oscillator eliminates a bias circuit and eliminates phase noise generated by the bias circuit, so that the phase noise can be reduced.
The output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the above embodiment is determined by the following formula:
where f denotes the output frequency of the VCO oscillation signal, I denotes the current consumed by the ring oscillator module 101, and C0An equivalent capacitance C representing each node of the ring oscillation module 101, Vs representing the amplitude of the oscillation signal of the ring oscillation module 101, N representing the trimming code, Vdd representing the power supply terminal Vdd voltage, R representing the resistance value of a resistor R (see the related embodiment described below) shown in the gain adjustment module 103, uCox representing the mobility of carriers of the MOS transistor in the ring oscillation module 101, W representing the width of the MOS transistor in the ring oscillation module 101, L representing the length of the MOS transistor in the ring oscillation module 101, Vcnt representing the control voltage of the voltage-controlled oscillator, and Vth representing the threshold voltage of the MOS transistor in the ring oscillation module 101. The carrier mobility, width, length and threshold voltage of all MOS transistors in the ring oscillation module 101 are consistent.
The gain of the voltage controlled oscillator may be determined by the following equation:
wherein, M represents the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator, Δ f represents the variation of the oscillation signal output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator, and Δ Vcnt represents the variation of the control voltage Vcnt of the voltage-controlled oscillator.
As can be known from the above formulas (1) to (3), the trimming code N can not only automatically correct the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the vco according to the process deviation, but also automatically correct the gain of the vco according to the process deviation, so that the gain deviation can be reduced compared to the prior art.
And the control voltage Vcnt of the voltage-controlled oscillator is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of not more than the first adjusting precision. When the control voltage Vcnt of the voltage-controlled oscillator rises, the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator rises along with the rise of the control voltage Vcnt of the voltage-controlled oscillator; when the control voltage Vcnt of the vco decreases, the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the vco decreases with the decrease of the control voltage Vcnt of the vco.
In addition, the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller of the pll frequency synthesizer is used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the vco with a precision not less than the second adjustment precision, and the gain of the vco is also automatically adjusted according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE. In the embodiment of the present invention, when the reference clock control signal FSWCODE is <00000>, the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator is the lowest; when the reference clock control signal FSWCODE is <11111>, the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator is the highest, and the specific value is automatically calculated and output by the adjusting controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer according to the process and the temperature and the change of the target output frequency.
When the control voltage Vcnt of the voltage-controlled oscillator is 0, the noise voltage generated from the bias voltage of the voltage-controlled oscillator is:
the noise voltage generated by the voltage-controlled oscillator in the prior art is:
wherein,
denotes a noise voltage of the voltage-controlled oscillator, K denotes a boltzmann constant, T denotes a kelvin temperature, R denotes a resistance value of a resistor R (see the related embodiment described below) shown in the gain adjustment block 103, gm denotes a transconductance of a MOS transistor in the ring oscillation block 101, and R denotes a transconductance0The output resistance of the MOS tube in the ring-shaped oscillation module 101 is shown, A is a constant related to the process, Cox is an effective capacitance per gate area of the MOS tube in the ring-shaped oscillation module 101, W is the width of the MOS tube in the ring-shaped oscillation module 101, L is the length of the MOS tube in the ring-shaped oscillation module 101, and f is the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator. The carrier mobility, the width, the length and the threshold voltage of all MOS transistors in the ring oscillation module 101 are all the same.
Therefore, under the condition that the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator is the same, the noise of the existing voltage-controlled oscillator is larger, and the last two terms in the formula (6) are respectively the thermal noise and Flicker noise generated by the MOS transistor of the bias current source, and the two terms are almost completely removed in the voltage-controlled oscillator provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 shows functional blocks of a voltage-controlled oscillator according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the portions related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and the details are as follows:
in an embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve stability of an output frequency of an oscillation signal of a voltage controlled oscillator, as shown in fig. 6, on the basis of the voltage controlled oscillator shown in any one of fig. 2 to fig. 5, the voltage controlled oscillator further includes:
and a first end of the filtering module 104 is connected with a first end of the ring oscillation module 101, a second end of the filtering module 104 is connected with a second end of the ring oscillation module 101, and the filtering module 104 is used for stabilizing the voltage of the ring oscillation module 101.
As shown in fig. 11, the filtering module 104 includes a capacitor C, a first end (i) and a second end (ii) of the capacitor C are respectively a first end (i) and a second end (ii) of the filtering module 104, and the capacitor C is configured to stabilize a voltage of the ring oscillation module 101 and reduce a phase noise of an oscillation signal output by the voltage-controlled oscillator.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage controlled oscillator further includes a filtering module 104, which can improve the stability of the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage controlled oscillator.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to adjust a sine wave to a rectangular wave, as shown in fig. 5, on the basis of the voltage-controlled oscillator, the voltage-controlled oscillator further includes:
the first end (i) of the waveform shaping module 105 and the first end (i) of the annular oscillation module 101 are connected to a power supply end Vdd, the second end (i) of the waveform shaping module 105 is connected with the third end (i) of the annular oscillation module 101, and the third end (i) of the waveform shaping module 105 is an output end of the voltage-controlled oscillator;
and a waveform shaping module 105, configured to adjust the sine wave output by the ring oscillation module 101 to a rectangular wave output.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage controlled oscillator further includes a waveform shaping module 105, which is capable of adjusting the sine wave output by the ring oscillation module 101 to a rectangular wave output.
Fig. 7 shows a structural schematic diagram of a ring oscillation module 101 in a voltage-controlled oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 10 to 11 show a circuit structure of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention, and only show portions related to the embodiment of the present invention for convenience of description, and the detailed description is as follows:
as shown in fig. 7, 10 and 11, the ring oscillation module 101 includes: a first MOS transistor MP1, a second MOS transistor MP2, a second third MOS transistor MP3, a fourth MOS transistor MN4, a fifth MOS transistor MN5, and a sixth MOS transistor MN 6.
The source of the first MOS transistor MP1, the source of the second MOS transistor MP2, and the source of the second third MOS transistor MP3 are commonly connected to form a first end of the ring oscillation module 101, the gate of the first MOS transistor MP1, the drain of the second MOS transistor MP2, and the gate of the fourth MOS transistor MN4 are commonly connected to the drain of the fifth MOS transistor MN5, the gate of the second MOS transistor MP2, the drain of the second third MOS transistor MP3, and the gate of the fifth MOS transistor MN5 are commonly connected to the drain of the sixth MOS transistor MN6, the source of the fourth MOS transistor MN4, the source of the fifth MOS transistor MN5, and the source of the sixth MOS transistor MN6 are commonly connected to form a second end of the ring oscillation module 101, and the drain of the first MOS transistor MP1, the gate of the second third MOS transistor MP3, the drain of the fourth MOS transistor MN4, and the gate of the sixth MOS transistor MN6 are commonly connected to form a third end of the ring oscillation module 101.
Fig. 8 shows a schematic structure of the frequency adjustment module 102 in the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 10 to 11 show a circuit structure of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the embodiment of the present invention, which only show the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention for convenience of description, and the details are as follows:
as shown in fig. 8, 10 and 11, the frequency adjustment module 102 includes: a seventh MOS transistor MN7 and an eighth MOS transistor MN 8.
The gate of the seventh MOS transistor MN7 is the first end of the frequency adjustment module 102, the source of the seventh MOS transistor MN7 is connected to the gate of the eighth MOS transistor MN8, the source of the eighth MOS transistor MN8 is the second end of the frequency adjustment module 102, and the drain of the seventh MOS transistor MN7 is the third end of the frequency adjustment module 102.
A seventh MOS transistor MN7 for generating a gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator; and the eighth MOS transistor MN8 is configured to control a gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator.
Fig. 9 shows a schematic structure of the gain adjustment module 103 in the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, fig. 10 to 11 show circuit structures of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the embodiment of the present invention, which only show portions related to the embodiment of the present invention, and are detailed as follows:
as shown in fig. 9 to 11, the gain adjustment module 103 includes a ninth MOS transistor MN9 and a resistor R.
The gate of the ninth MOS transistor MN9 is the first end of the gain adjustment module 103, the source of the ninth MOS transistor MN9 is connected to the first end of the resistor R, the second end of the resistor R is the second end of the gain adjustment module 103, and the drain of the ninth MOS transistor MN9 is the third end of the gain adjustment module 103.
And a ninth MOS transistor MN9 configured to adjust the output frequency of the vco oscillation signal with not less than the second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller.
Fig. 12 illustrates a phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer according to an embodiment of the present invention, which only shows the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention for convenience of description, and the details are as follows:
as shown in fig. 12, the pll frequency synthesizer includes a voltage controlled oscillator 1201 according to any of the embodiments, and further includes a lock determination circuit 1202, an automatic adjustment controller 1203, a phase detector/charge pump 1204, a filter 1205, and a frequency divider 1206. The locking judgment circuit 1202 is respectively connected with an automatic adjustment controller 1203 and a phase detector/charge pump 1204, the filter 1205 is respectively connected with the phase detector/charge pump 1204 and a voltage-controlled oscillator 1201, the automatic adjustment controller 1203 is connected with the voltage-controlled oscillator 1201, and the frequency divider 1206 is respectively connected with the phase detector/charge pump 1204 and the voltage-controlled oscillator 1201. The phase detector/charge pump 1204 receives an input reference clock control signal FSWCODE and the voltage controlled oscillator 1201 outputs a synthesized clock.
The mechanism and the flow for adjusting the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator 1201 by the reference clock control signal FSWCODE are as follows:
after the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer is powered on and Reset, the initial value of the reference clock control signal FSWCODE is set to 000000, a proper time is waited, when the loop of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer is stable, the output state of the locking judgment circuit 1202 is detected, if the output of the locking judgment circuit 1202 is 1, the loop of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer is locked, at this time, whether the comparison result COMPOUT of Vcnt and reference voltage is 0 or not is further confirmed through a comparator in the automatic adjustment controller 1203, if the comparison result is 0, the Vcnt in the locking state is in a controllable state, the synthesized clock reaches a target frequency value, and the frequency adjustment flow of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer is ended. If the locking judgment circuit is still equal to 0, or the comparison result COMPOUT of Vcnt and reference voltage is 1, it indicates that the frequency of the synthesized clock is not adjusted to the target frequency value, or Vcnt does not work in a controllable state, at this time, the reference clock control signal FSWCODE is self-added by 1, waits for a proper time, and repeats the previous detection process after the loop of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer is stable. The following tables one and two show the comparison of the parameters and effects of the voltage-controlled oscillator provided by the embodiment of the invention and the existing voltage-controlled oscillator:
table-part technical index of voltage controlled oscillator
Wherein, Kvco represents the gain of the voltage-controlled ring oscillator, and PhaseNoise represents the phase noise, and the smaller the phase noise, the better; power represents the consumption current of the discussion object module, and the smaller the consumption current, the better; size represents the occupied area of the discussion object module, and the smaller the Size, the better; VDD represents the minimum operating voltage of the subject module under discussion, the smaller the better; output Frequency represents the range of frequencies that can be synthesized, with a broader range being better.
Partial technical index effect of voltage-controlled oscillator
Wherein Kvco @16GHz represents the gain at the output frequency of the vco of 16GHz, and Kvco Variation @16GHz represents the percentage of the deviation of the gain of the boundary condition from the gain of the typical condition, with smaller deviations being better. TT represents a typical process corner for chip fabrication, and SS/FF represents a boundary process corner for chip fabrication.
To sum up, in the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage-controlled oscillator includes a ring oscillation module 101, a frequency adjustment module 102, and a gain adjustment module 103, wherein a first end of the ring oscillation module 101 is connected to a power source Vdd, and a second end of the ring oscillation module 101 is respectively connected to a first end of the frequency adjustment module 102 and a first end of the gain adjustment module 103; the third end of the ring oscillation module 101 is the output end of the ring oscillation module 101; the second end of the frequency adjustment module 102 and the second end of the gain adjustment module 103 are commonly connected to a ground terminal GND; the third terminal of the frequency adjusting module 102 is connected to the control voltage Vcnt, and the third terminal of the gain adjusting module 103 is connected to the adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the frequency adjustment module 102 may adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than the first adjustment precision according to the control voltage Vcnt; the gain adjustment module 103 can adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller in a manner of not less than the second adjustment precision, so that the gain deviation can be reduced; meanwhile, the voltage-controlled oscillator eliminates a bias circuit and eliminates phase noise generated by the bias circuit, so that the phase noise can be reduced.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A voltage controlled oscillator, connected to a power source terminal and a ground terminal, respectively, the voltage controlled oscillator comprising:
the device comprises a ring oscillation module, a frequency adjustment module and a gain adjustment module;
the first end of the annular oscillation module is connected with a power supply end, and the second end of the annular oscillation module is respectively connected with the first end of the frequency adjustment module and the first end of the gain adjustment module; the third end of the annular oscillation module is the output end of the annular oscillation module;
the second end of the frequency adjusting module and the second end of the gain adjusting module are connected to the grounding end in common; the third end of the frequency adjusting module is connected with a control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjusting module is connected with an adjusting controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;
the ring oscillation module is used for generating an oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator;
the frequency adjusting module is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of being not more than first adjusting precision according to the control voltage;
and the gain adjusting module is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of not less than the second adjusting precision according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjusting controller.
2. A voltage controlled oscillator, connected to a power source terminal and a ground terminal, respectively, the voltage controlled oscillator comprising:
the device comprises a ring oscillation module, a frequency adjustment module and a gain adjustment module;
the first end of the gain adjusting module and the first end of the ring-shaped oscillation module are connected to a power supply end in a sharing mode, and the second end of the gain adjusting module and the second end of the ring-shaped oscillation module are connected to the first end of the frequency adjusting module in a sharing mode; the second end of the frequency adjusting module is connected with a grounding end;
the third end of the ring oscillation module is the output end of the ring oscillation module, the third end of the frequency adjustment module is connected with the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjustment module is connected with an automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;
the ring oscillation module is used for generating an oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator;
the frequency adjusting module is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of being not more than first adjusting precision according to the control voltage;
and the gain adjusting module is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of not less than the second adjusting precision according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjusting controller.
3. A voltage controlled oscillator, connected to a power source terminal and a ground terminal, respectively, the voltage controlled oscillator comprising:
the device comprises a ring oscillation module, a frequency adjustment module and a gain adjustment module;
the first end of the gain adjusting module and the first end of the frequency adjusting module are connected to a power supply end, the second end of the gain adjusting module and the second end of the frequency adjusting module are connected to the first end of the annular oscillation module, and the second end of the annular oscillation module is connected to a ground end;
the third end of the ring oscillation module is the output end of the ring oscillation module, the third end of the frequency adjustment module is connected with the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjustment module is connected with an automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;
the ring oscillation module is used for generating an oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator;
the frequency adjusting module is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of being not more than first adjusting precision according to the control voltage;
and the gain adjusting module is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of not less than the second adjusting precision according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjusting controller.
4. A voltage controlled oscillator, connected to a power source terminal and a ground terminal, respectively, the voltage controlled oscillator comprising:
the device comprises a ring oscillation module, a frequency adjustment module and a gain adjustment module;
the first end of the frequency adjusting module is connected with a power supply end, the second end of the frequency adjusting module and the first end of the gain adjusting module are connected to the first end of the ring-shaped oscillation module in a shared mode, and the second end of the gain adjusting module and the second end of the ring-shaped oscillation module are connected to the ground end in a shared mode;
the third end of the ring oscillation module is the output end of the ring oscillation module, the third end of the frequency adjustment module is connected with the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjustment module is connected with an automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;
the ring oscillation module is used for generating an oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator;
the frequency adjusting module is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of being not more than first adjusting precision according to the control voltage;
and the gain adjusting module is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of not less than the second adjusting precision according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjusting controller.
5. The voltage controlled oscillator of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:
the first end of the filtering module is connected with the first end of the annular oscillation module, and the second end of the filtering module is connected with the second end of the annular oscillation module;
and the filtering module is used for stabilizing the voltage of the annular oscillation module.
6. The voltage controlled oscillator of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:
the first end of the waveform shaping module and the first end of the annular oscillation module are connected to a power supply end in a shared mode, the second end of the waveform shaping module is connected with the third end of the annular oscillation module, and the third end of the waveform shaping module is the output end of the voltage-controlled oscillator;
and the waveform shaping module is used for adjusting the sine wave output by the annular oscillation module into rectangular wave output.
7. The voltage controlled oscillator of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ring oscillation module comprises:
the MOS transistor comprises a first MOS transistor, a second MOS transistor, a third MOS transistor, a fourth MOS transistor, a fifth MOS transistor and a sixth MOS transistor;
the source electrode of the first MOS tube, the source electrode of the second MOS tube and the source electrode of the third MOS tube are connected in common to form a first end of the annular oscillation module, the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, the drain electrode of the second MOS tube and the grid electrode of the fourth MOS tube are connected in common to the drain electrode of the fifth MOS tube, the grid electrode of the second MOS tube, the drain electrode of the third MOS tube and the grid electrode of the fifth MOS tube are connected in common to the drain electrode of the sixth MOS tube, the source electrode of the fourth MOS tube, the source electrode of the fifth MOS tube and the source electrode of the sixth MOS tube are connected in common to form a second end of the annular oscillation module, and the drain electrode of the first MOS tube, the grid electrode of the third MOS tube, the drain electrode of the fourth MOS tube and the grid electrode of the sixth MOS tube are connected in common to form a third.
8. The voltage controlled oscillator of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the frequency adjustment module comprises:
a seventh MOS transistor and an eighth MOS transistor;
a grid electrode of the seventh MOS tube is the first end of the frequency adjusting module, a source electrode of the seventh MOS tube is connected with a grid electrode of the eighth MOS tube, a source electrode of the eighth MOS tube is the second end of the frequency adjusting module, and a drain electrode of the seventh MOS tube is the third end of the frequency adjusting module;
the seventh MOS tube is used for generating the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator;
and the eighth MOS transistor is used for controlling the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator.
9. The voltage controlled oscillator of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the gain adjustment module comprises:
a ninth MOS transistor and a resistor;
a grid electrode of the ninth MOS tube is a first end of the gain adjustment module, a source electrode of the ninth MOS tube is connected with a first end of a resistor, a second end of the resistor is a second end of the gain adjustment module, and a drain electrode of the ninth MOS tube is a third end of the gain adjustment module;
and the ninth MOS tube is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillating signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a mode of not less than the second adjustment precision according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjustment controller.
10. A phase locked loop frequency synthesizer comprising a voltage controlled oscillator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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