CN113075045A - True triaxial testing machine for realizing coordinated control of stress and rigidity and control method - Google Patents
True triaxial testing machine for realizing coordinated control of stress and rigidity and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113075045A CN113075045A CN202110335066.6A CN202110335066A CN113075045A CN 113075045 A CN113075045 A CN 113075045A CN 202110335066 A CN202110335066 A CN 202110335066A CN 113075045 A CN113075045 A CN 113075045A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
- G05D16/20—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D16/2006—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means
- G05D16/2066—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means using controlling means acting on the pressure source
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/0202—Control of the test
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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Abstract
The invention discloses a true triaxial testing machine for realizing coordinated control of stress and rigidity and a control method thereof, which relate to the technical field of true triaxial experimental systems and comprise a support frame, wherein a testing chamber for placing a rock sample is arranged on the support frame, the testing chamber comprises a top plate, a fixed bottom plate and a plurality of side plates, the top plate and the side plates are both connected with a pressurizing part, and the side plates and the top plate are both provided with displacement sensors for measuring the displacement of the side plates and pressure sensors for measuring the pressure of the pressurizing part; according to the invention, the displacement sensor is arranged to monitor the displacement change of the side plate or the top plate, the control system calculates the compensation pressure value or the reduction pressure value according to the preset rigidity parameter and in combination with the displacement variation, and changes the actual pressure value of the pressurizing part, so that the purpose of adjusting the pressure value of each pressurizing part of the true triaxial testing machine in real time is realized, and the integral rigidity of the true triaxial testing machine is kept constant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of true triaxial experiment systems, in particular to a true triaxial tester for realizing coordinated control of stress and rigidity and a control method thereof.
Background
The true triaxial test is to simulate the stress state borne by any small unit in the rock mass under the condition that the rock mass is loaded. In the actual rock mass environment, the three principal stresses that the rock mass received often are different, and in order to obtain the stress state of rock mass under the effect of load, true triaxial test machine can obtain the constitutive relation of rock mass under multiaxis stress state through applying the different load of three-dimensional to the cube test block to there is comparatively extensive application.
The stress control of the traditional true triaxial tester is that the stress is invariable in the true triaxial test process. For example, the invention patent with application number 201810425000.4 entitled "true triaxial testing machine for testing rock under high temperature and seepage" discloses a true triaxial testing machine which can provide stable pressure environment and has the advantages of being provided with a set of pressurizing device on any side face and the like. Under the real condition, particularly for deep-buried underground engineering, in the rock mass excavation process, the rock is deformed, the volume is expanded, and the boundary stress changes, but under the general condition, the rigidity of the surrounding rock is kept unchanged, and in order to truly reflect the true triaxial environment in the rock mass excavation process, the normal rigidity control of the true triaxial testing machine is required to be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a true triaxial testing machine for realizing coordinated control of stress and rigidity and a control method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the prior art, ensure the rigidity of the true triaxial testing machine to be constant, fully simulate the true triaxial environment of a rock mass and improve the accuracy of a simulation test.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a true triaxial testing machine for realizing coordinated control of stress and rigidity, which comprises a supporting frame, wherein a testing chamber for placing a rock sample is arranged on the supporting frame, the testing chamber comprises a top plate, a fixed bottom plate and a plurality of side plates, the top plate and the side plates are connected with a pressurizing part, displacement sensors for measuring displacement of the side plates and the top plate and pressure sensors for measuring pressure of the pressurizing part are arranged on the side plates and the top plate, the displacement sensors, the pressure sensors and the pressurizing part are electrically connected with a control system, and when the side plates or the top plate generate displacement to enable the corresponding pressurizing part to be shortened or lengthened, the control system controls the pressure of the pressurizing part to be increased or reduced.
Preferably, sealing rubber strips are arranged at the joints of the adjacent side plates, the joint of the top plate and the side plate and the joint of the fixed bottom plate and the side plate, and the sealing rubber strips can deform in the displacement process of the side plates or the top plate.
Preferably, the supporting frame comprises a base, a plurality of side fixing plates are further arranged on the base, one end of the pressurizing part is fixed on the side fixing plates, and the other end of the pressurizing part is fixed on the side plates; and the top ends of the side fixing plates are fixedly provided with upper fixing plates, and the upper fixing plates are fixedly provided with pressurizing components for applying pressure to the top plate.
Preferably, the pressurizing part comprises a hydraulic jack and a bolt, the bolt is fixed on the side fixing plate and the upper fixing plate, the end part of the bolt is fixedly connected with a pressurizing plate, one end of the hydraulic jack is connected with the pressurizing plate, the other end of the hydraulic jack is connected with the side plate or the top plate, the hydraulic jack is connected with a hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump is electrically connected with the control system.
Preferably, the upper fixing plate and the side fixing plate are connected by fastening bolts.
Preferably, the base is further provided with an upright post, and the fixed bottom plate is fixed to the top end of the upright post.
Preferably, the base middle part is provided with first recess, be fixed with a pedestal in the first recess, the bottom mounting of stand is in on the pedestal.
Preferably, a second groove is further formed in the base, and the bottom end of the side fixing plate is fixed in the second groove.
The invention also provides a control method of the normal stiffness of the true triaxial testing machine, which comprises the following steps:
a stiffness parameter k is set in the control system,
wherein E is the elastic modulus, v is the Poisson's ratio, and r is the influence radius;
2) placing the rock sample in a test chamber, pressurizing the rock sample by a hydraulic jack, wherein the pressurizing process is stress control and reaches an initial stable state;
3) axial continuous pressurization is carried out, the pressurization of the side plate is changed from stress control to rigidity control, the sample is laterally expanded, the generated displacement variation is fed back to the control system, the control system calculates compensation pressure according to the displacement variation and in combination with a rigidity parameter k, and the compensation pressure is applied through a hydraulic jack;
4) the pressure of one side plate is unloaded, the stress control of other surfaces is changed into rigidity control, the top surface and other side surfaces shrink to generate stress drop, the control system calculates the pressure to be reduced by combining the rigidity parameter k through the displacement variable quantity of the shrinkage, and the corresponding pressure is reduced by the hydraulic jack.
Preferably, the control system comprises a multifunctional analog-digital module, a digital analog module and a digital input-output module which are electrically connected.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
in the invention, each pressurizing part of the true triaxial testing machine simulates a surrounding rock environment in which a rock sample is positioned, when the rock sample expands, the interface stress between the rock sample and the surrounding rock changes, and the rigidity of the surrounding rock is not changed, so that the invention monitors the displacement change of a side plate or a top plate by arranging a displacement sensor, when the rock sample expands to move the side plate or the top plate, the displacement sensor transmits the displacement change to a control system, the control system calculates a compensation pressure value or a reduced pressure value by combining the displacement change according to a preset rigidity parameter, and applies the compensation pressure value or the reduced pressure value to the corresponding pressurizing part to change the actual pressure value of the pressurizing part, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the pressure value of each pressurizing part of the true triaxial testing machine in real time and keeping the integral rigidity of the true triaxial testing machine constant, the actual surrounding rock environment is fully simulated, a good foundation is provided for subsequent measurement of other properties of the rock sample, and the accuracy of subsequent measurement is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top cross-sectional view of the present invention;
wherein, 1, a test chamber; 2. a top plate; 3. fixing the bottom plate; 4. a side plate; 5. a base; 6. a side fixing plate; 7. an upper fixing plate; 8. a hydraulic jack; 9. a bolt; 10. a pressurizing plate; 11. sealing rubber strips; 12. a column; 13. a pedestal.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a true triaxial testing machine for realizing coordinated control of stress and rigidity and a control method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, ensuring the rigidity of the true triaxial testing machine to be constant, fully simulating the true triaxial environment of a rock mass and improving the accuracy of a simulation test.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-2, the present embodiment provides a true triaxial testing machine for realizing coordinated control of stress and stiffness, including a supporting frame, a testing chamber 1 for placing a rock sample is provided on the supporting frame, the testing chamber 1 includes a top plate 2, a fixed bottom plate 3 and a plurality of side plates 4, the top plate 2 and the plurality of side plates 4 are both connected with a pressurizing part, the side plates 4 and the top plate 2 are both provided with a displacement sensor for measuring displacement thereof and a pressure sensor for measuring pressure of the pressurizing part, the displacement sensor, the pressure sensor and the pressurizing part are all electrically connected with a control system, and when the side plate 4 or the top plate 2 generates displacement so that the corresponding pressurizing part shortens or extends, the control system controls the pressure of the pressurizing part to increase or decrease.
In the embodiment, each pressurizing part of the true triaxial testing machine simulates a surrounding rock environment where a rock sample is located, when the test is carried out, the rock sample is placed on the fixed bottom plate 3, each pressurizing part is adjusted, stress control is firstly carried out, so that the rock sample is fixed at the positions of the side plate 4 and the top plate 2, finally, an initial stable state is reached according to rigidity parameters set in a control system, and displacement sensors are arranged on the side plate 4 and the top plate 2 to monitor displacement changes of the side plate 4 or the top plate 2; when the rock sample is expanded due to the change of external conditions, the interface stress between the rock sample and the surrounding rock can be changed, the rigidity of the surrounding rock is not changed, when the side plate 4 or the top plate 2 moves due to the expansion of the rock sample, the displacement sensor transmits the displacement change to the control system, the control system calculates a compensation pressure value according to a preset rigidity parameter by combining with the displacement change quantity, and applies the compensation pressure value to the pressurizing part again to change the actual pressure value of the pressurizing part, so that the aim of adjusting the pressure value of each pressurizing part of the true triaxial testing machine in real time to keep the overall rigidity of the true triaxial testing machine constant is fulfilled, the actual surrounding rock environment is fully simulated, a good foundation is provided for the subsequent measurement of other properties of the rock sample, and the accuracy of the subsequent measurement is also ensured.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the test chamber 1 is in a cube shape, and because a rock sample of a certain unit volume generally does not expand downward in practice, the test chamber 1 in this embodiment is provided with the fixed bottom plate 3, and the fixed bottom plate 3, the side plates 4 and the top plate 2 are the same in size, the number of the side plates 4 is 4, the top plate 2 is 1, and the fixed bottom plate 3 is 1.
It should be noted that when the rock sample expands, the stiffness of the rock sample changes, but the overall stiffness of the surrounding rock environment is less affected by the rock sample and thus can be considered as unchanged, on the premise that when the interface stress between the rock sample and the surrounding rock changes, the acting force of the corresponding pressurizing component should change, so that the embodiment sufficiently simulates the normal stiffness condition of the surrounding rock environment by changing the pressure of the pressurizing component in real time; if the rock sample expands to push one side plate 4 to displace forwards (the displacement is a trace amount), the force of the pressing part fixed on the side plate 4 is correspondingly increased when the pressing part is shortened.
Further, the supporting frame in this embodiment includes a base 5, a plurality of side fixing plates 6 are further disposed on the base 5, one end of the pressurizing component is fixed on the side fixing plate 6, and the other end is fixed on the side plate 4; the top ends of the side fixing plates 6 are fixed with upper fixing plates 7, and the upper fixing plates 7 are fixed with hydraulic jacks 8 for applying pressure to the top plate 2.
Specifically, in the embodiment, the pressurizing component includes a hydraulic jack 8 and a bolt 9, the bolt 9 is fixed on the side fixing plate 6 and the upper fixing plate 7, the end of the bolt 9 is fixedly connected with a pressurizing plate 10, the type of the hydraulic jack 8 can be changed by arranging the bolt 9, and the applicability is stronger; one end of each hydraulic jack 8 is connected with the pressurizing plate 10, the other end of each hydraulic jack 8 is connected with the side plate 4 or the top plate 2, the hydraulic jacks 8 are all connected with hydraulic pumps, and the hydraulic pumps are electrically connected with a control system.
The control system in the embodiment comprises a PC host, wherein the PC host obtains a corresponding control value through processing of a multifunctional analog digital (A/D), a digital analog (D/A) and a Digital Input Output (DIO) integrated circuit board; and a fixed stiffness parameter is set by the setting control system, and the control of each hydraulic pump is realized by setting each module, which can be obviously realized by those skilled in the art according to the conventional skill, so that the embodiment does not give excessive details to the control.
In order to ensure the sealing performance of the test chamber and the movability of the side plates 4 and the top plate 2, sealing rubber strips 11 are arranged at the joints of the adjacent side plates 4, the joints of the top plate 2 and the side plates 4, and the joints of the fixed bottom plate 3 and the side plates 4 in the embodiment, and the sealing rubber strips 11 can deform in the displacement process of the side plates 4 or the top plate 2; because the displacement of curb plate 4, roof 2 in this embodiment all is micro, and the sealing strip of conventional nitrile rubber material is available, if can carry out high temperature test to the rock sample, then can select for use the tetrafluoroethylene adhesive tape.
Further, in the present embodiment, the upper fixing plate 7 and the side fixing plate 6 are connected by fastening bolts 9.
Because the fixed bottom plate 3 is fixedly arranged in the embodiment, an upright post 12 is further arranged on the base 5, and the fixed bottom plate 3 is fixed at the top end of the upright post 12.
Further, base 5 middle part is provided with first recess and second recess, is fixed with a pedestal 13 in the first recess, and the bottom mounting of stand 12 is on pedestal 13, and 6 bottom mountings of side fixed plate are in the second recess.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a method for controlling the normal stiffness of a true triaxial testing machine, which comprises the following steps:
1) a stiffness parameter k is set in the control system,
wherein E is the elastic modulus of the rock sample, v is the Poisson's ratio of the rock sample, r is the influence radius, and the value of the influence radius is usually 3 times of the diameter of the cavern; since both E and n are reasonably constant over the stress range considered, the stiffness parameter k is constant;
2) placing the rock sample in a test chamber, pressurizing the rock sample by a hydraulic jack, wherein the pressurizing process is stress control and reaches an initial stable state;
3) axial continuous pressurization is carried out, the pressurization of the side plate is changed from stress control to rigidity control, the sample is laterally expanded, the generated displacement variation is fed back to the control system, the control system calculates compensation pressure according to the displacement variation and in combination with a rigidity parameter k, and the compensation pressure is applied through a hydraulic jack;
4) the pressure of one side plate is unloaded, the stress control of other surfaces is changed into rigidity control, the top surface and other side surfaces shrink to generate stress drop, the control system calculates the pressure to be reduced by combining the rigidity parameter k through the displacement variable quantity of the shrinkage, and the corresponding pressure is reduced by the hydraulic jack.
The axial pressurizing process in the step 3) actually simulates a stress state of a rock sample at the initial stage of excavation, the unloading process in the step 4) actually simulates a state that a cavity is gradually formed in the surrounding rock environment after excavation, and after the rock is excavated, the cavity is gradually formed in the middle of the surrounding rock environment, so that the pressure on the rock sample is gradually reduced.
Specifically, the control system in this embodiment includes a multifunctional analog-digital module (a/D), a digital analog module (D/a), and a digital input-output module (DIO) that are electrically connected.
The adaptation according to the actual needs is within the scope of the invention.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a realize true triaxial testing machine of stress and rigidity coordinated control which characterized in that, includes the support frame, be provided with the test chamber that is used for placing the rock sample on the support frame, the test chamber includes roof, PMKD and a plurality of curb plate, roof and a plurality of the curb plate all is connected with the pressurized component, the curb plate reaches all be provided with the displacement sensor who is used for measuring its displacement on the roof and be used for measuring the pressure sensor of pressurized component pressure, displacement sensor pressure sensor and the pressurized component all is connected with the control system electricity, works as the curb plate or the roof produces the displacement and makes and correspond when the pressurized component shortens or extends, control system control the pressure increase or the reduction of pressurized component.
2. The true triaxial testing machine for realizing stress and rigidity coordinated control according to claim 1, wherein sealing rubber strips are arranged at the joints of the adjacent side plates, the joint of the top plate and the side plate, and the joint of the fixed bottom plate and the side plate, and the sealing rubber strips can deform in the displacement process of the side plate or the top plate.
3. The true triaxial testing machine for realizing the coordinated control of stress and rigidity according to claim 2, wherein the supporting frame comprises a base, a plurality of side fixing plates are further arranged on the base, one end of the pressurizing part is fixed on the side fixing plates, and the other end of the pressurizing part is fixed on the side plates; and the top ends of the side fixing plates are fixedly provided with upper fixing plates, and the upper fixing plates are fixedly provided with pressurizing components for applying pressure to the top plate.
4. The true triaxial testing machine for realizing stress and rigidity coordinated control according to claim 3, wherein the pressurizing component comprises a hydraulic jack and a bolt, the bolt is fixed on the side fixed plate and the upper fixed plate, a pressurizing plate is fixedly connected to an end of the bolt, one end of the hydraulic jack is connected with the pressurizing plate, the other end of the hydraulic jack is connected with the side plate or the top plate, the hydraulic jack is connected with a hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump is electrically connected with the control system.
5. The true triaxial tester achieving the coordinated control of stress and stiffness according to claim 3, wherein the upper fixing plate and the side fixing plate are connected by fastening bolts.
6. The true triaxial testing machine for realizing the coordinated control of stress and stiffness according to claim 2, wherein the base is further provided with a column, and the fixing bottom plate is fixed at the top end of the column.
7. The true triaxial testing machine for realizing the coordinated control of the stress and the rigidity according to claim 6, wherein a first groove is formed in the middle of the base, a pedestal is fixed in the first groove, and the bottom end of the upright is fixed on the pedestal.
8. The true triaxial testing machine for realizing the coordinated control of stress and stiffness according to claim 7, wherein a second groove is further formed on the base, and the bottom end of the side fixing plate is fixed in the second groove.
9. A control method for the stress and rigidity coordination control of a true triaxial testing machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) a stiffness parameter k is set in the control system,
wherein E is the elastic modulus, v is the Poisson's ratio, and r is the influence radius;
2) placing the rock sample in a test chamber, pressurizing the rock sample by a hydraulic jack, wherein the pressurizing process is stress control and reaches an initial stable state;
3) axial continuous pressurization is carried out, the pressurization of the side plate is changed from stress control to rigidity control, the sample is laterally expanded, the generated displacement variation is fed back to the control system, the control system calculates compensation pressure according to the displacement variation and in combination with a rigidity parameter k, and the compensation pressure is applied through a hydraulic jack;
4) the pressure of one side plate is unloaded, the stress control of other surfaces is changed into rigidity control, the top surface and other side surfaces shrink to generate stress drop, the control system calculates the pressure to be reduced by combining the rigidity parameter k through the displacement variable quantity of the shrinkage, and the corresponding pressure is reduced by the hydraulic jack.
10. The method for controlling the stress and stiffness coordination control of the true triaxial tester according to claim 9, wherein the control system comprises a multifunctional analog-digital module, a digital analog module and a digital input-output module which are electrically connected.
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| CN113984553A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-28 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Energy calculation method based on coal rock mass impact failure process under true triaxial test condition |
| CN114486618A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-13 | 福建工程学院 | Gas adsorption-desorption-displacement test device considering temperature-stress coupling effect and test method thereof |
| CN114487349A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-13 | 福州大学 | But simulation reality environment's soft rock meets water swelling characteristic test device |
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