CN113066466B - Audio injection regulation sound design method based on band-limited noise - Google Patents
Audio injection regulation sound design method based on band-limited noise Download PDFInfo
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 71
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
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- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L25/00—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00
- G10L25/48—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00 specially adapted for particular use
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Abstract
The invention provides a design method of audio injection regulation sound based on band-limited noise, which comprises the steps of respectively superposing corresponding alternative regulation sound with target sound in a plurality of band-limited noise types to obtain a plurality of superposed sounds, and determining the regulation sound type with the annoyance sense reducing effect through trial listening; overlapping the determined regulation sound and the target sound with different signal-to-noise ratios, and determining the signal-to-noise ratio with the optimal effect of reducing the annoyance feeling in a listening test mode; parameter design is carried out on the regulating sound, and the regulating sound parameter which enables the annoyance effect of the target sound to be optimal is obtained in an audition mode; and injecting the optimal regulation sound into the target sound to obtain the superimposed sound, extracting the psychoacoustic parameters of the superimposed sound, and establishing a vexation degree model of the superimposed sound. The invention starts from subjective auditory feeling of people, reduces the target sound annoyance feeling through the audio injection method, and optimally designs the regulated sound parameters, so that the effect of the audio injection method is optimized, and the practicability is strong; meanwhile, the annoyance model of the superimposed sound is provided, so that more sound parameter design regulation and control is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of noise annoyance control, and particularly relates to a parameter design method for adjusting and controlling sound to be band-limited noise in an audio injection method.
Background
In-cabin noise is an important indicator that affects passenger comfort, and severe in-cabin noise affects passenger and pilot comfort. At present, measures for reducing noise annoyance in an aircraft cabin are mainly carried out from two aspects of passive control and active control. In the existing method, the low-frequency noise reduction effect of passive control is poor, and the active control method has a narrow action frequency band.
The audio injection method is different from the two methods, and achieves the effect of reducing the annoyance of original noise by adding artificially adjustable audible sound according to the energy masking effect when the sound is overlapped. In the audio injection method, the original noise is also called target sound, and the artificially added sound is called regulated sound. The choice of the type of tuning sound is critical in the study of audio injection. The target sound types are various, the optional types of the regulation sound are limited according to the characteristics of the target sound, and the problem that effective regulation sound cannot be found in practice can occur.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an audio injection regulation sound design method based on band-limited noise, when the type selection of the regulation sound is limited, the frequency spectrum characteristic parameters of the regulation sound can be considered to be changed so as to achieve the aim of audio injection noise reduction; and an adaptive scheme for rapidly suppressing cabin noise under different working conditions of the aircraft can be designed based on the method.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the audio injection regulation sound design method based on band-limited noise comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting a target sound sample;
step 2: determining several types of band-limited noise that can be used to adjust the target sound as a regulatory sound alternative;
step 3: superposing various types of alternative regulating and controlling sounds with target sounds respectively to obtain a plurality of superposed sounds, and determining the type of the regulating and controlling sound with the effect of reducing the annoyance feeling through listening to the superposed sounds;
step 4: superposing the regulated sound determined in the step 3 and the target sound with different signal-to-noise ratios, and determining the signal-to-noise ratio with the optimal effect of reducing the annoyance feeling in a listening test mode;
step 5: parameter design is carried out on the regulation sound: obtaining a plurality of new regulating sounds by changing the regulating sound parameters determined in the step 3; superposing the obtained new regulating sound with the target sound according to the signal-to-noise ratio determined in the step 4; obtaining a regulating sound parameter which enables the target sound annoyance reducing effect to be optimal through a listening test mode; the regulating sound parameters comprise the bandwidth overlapping rate with the target sound and the power spectrum slope of the regulating sound;
step 6: injecting the optimal regulated sound obtained in the step 5 into a target sound to obtain a superimposed sound and extracting psychoacoustic parameters of the superimposed sound, and establishing an annoyance model of the superimposed sound according to the psychoacoustic parameters;
step 7: when other regulation sound parameters are considered to be optimized, the regulation sound with the changed parameters is directly injected into the target sound, the superposition sound parameters are extracted, the disturbance degree model established in the step 6 is substituted for calculation, and the required regulation sound parameter optimization is realized by using the calculation result.
Further, the bandwidth overlapping rate delta refers to the overlapping degree of the target sound and the regulating sound bandwidth:
wherein: f (f) 1 、f 2 Upper and lower frequency limits for overlapping portions of the target sound and the superimposed sound spectrum; f (f) T1 、f T2 Upper and lower frequency limits for the target acoustic energy concentration portion, f A1 、f A2 To regulate the upper and lower frequency limits of the acoustic energy concentrating portion.
Further, in step 1, cabin noise of a certain aircraft in a certain flight phase is collected as a target sound sample.
Further, the vexation degree model established in the step 6 is a vexation degree model corresponding to the aircraft in the flight stage; and (3) respectively repeating the steps 1 to 6 for different aircraft and different flight phases to establish corresponding annoyance models.
Furthermore, corresponding regulation and control sound parameters are obtained according to the annoyance model established in different aircraft stages in the whole flight process of the aircraft, and the regulation and control sound is output through sound equipment on the aircraft, so that the noise annoyance in the cabin is inhibited.
Further, the listening test mode adopted in the step 3, the step 4 and the step 5 is as follows: and selecting the tested materials reaching the required quantity to perform subjective listening experiments, performing validity check on the tested evaluation data, and eliminating invalid data.
Further, the validity test includes cluster analysis, scoring range analysis, misjudgment analysis and/or correlation analysis.
Advantageous effects
The invention starts from subjective auditory feeling of people, reduces the target sound annoyance feeling through the audio injection method, and optimally designs the regulated sound parameters, so that the effect of the audio injection method is optimized, and the practicability is strong; meanwhile, the annoyance model of the superimposed sound is provided, more regulation and control sound parameter designs are facilitated, the problem that the regulation and control sound type is limited is solved, and then an adaptive scheme for rapidly suppressing noise in a cabin under different working conditions of the aircraft can be designed.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1: the flow chart of the invention;
fig. 2: regulating and controlling an acoustic spectrogram;
fig. 3: the annoyance of superimposed sound with different signal-to-noise ratios;
fig. 4: regulating and controlling a sound and target sound frequency spectrum overlap graph;
fig. 5: the trouble of overlapping sounds with different bandwidths; (a) δ=0.67, (b) δ=0.51, (c) δ=0.34, (d) δ=0.17;
fig. 6: the trouble of superposition sounds with different power spectrum slopes; (a) Original regulating sound, (b) k P = +3 dB/octave, (c) k P = -3 dB/octave, (d) k P = -6 dB/octave.
Detailed Description
According to the principle of the audio injection method, the invention aims at parameter design when the regulation sound is band-limited noise (noise with noise spectrum in a limited range), and the audio injection effect is optimized by selecting proper band-limited noise type and optimally designing parameters (signal-to-noise ratio, bandwidth overlapping rate and regulation sound power spectrum slope). And obtaining the annoyance score of the superimposed sound through a subjective evaluation experiment, and establishing an annoyance model of the superimposed sound. According to different flight conditions of the aircraft, the annoyance models of the superimposed sound can be respectively established, more possible sound parameter design regulation and control can be carried out in a targeted manner, and accordingly noise in the aircraft cabin in each stage can be effectively controlled.
The method comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting a target sound sample by using a sound collecting system;
step 2: determining several types of band-limited noise (including natural sound and artificial synthesized band-limited sound) which can be used for adjusting target sound as a regulation sound alternative;
step 3: superposing various types of alternative regulating and controlling sounds with target sounds respectively to obtain a plurality of superposed sounds, and determining the type of the regulating and controlling sound with the effect of reducing the annoyance feeling through listening to the superposed sounds;
step 4: superposing the regulated sound determined in the step 3 and the target sound with different signal-to-noise ratios, and determining the signal-to-noise ratio with the optimal effect of reducing the annoyance feeling in a listening test mode;
step 5: parameter design is carried out on the regulation sound: obtaining a plurality of new regulating sounds by changing the regulating sound parameters determined in the step 3; superposing the obtained new regulating sound with the target sound according to the signal-to-noise ratio determined in the step 4; obtaining a regulating sound parameter which enables the target sound annoyance reducing effect to be optimal through a listening test mode; the regulating sound parameters comprise the bandwidth overlapping rate with the target sound and the power spectrum slope of the regulating sound;
step 6: injecting the optimal regulated sound obtained in the step 5 into a target sound to obtain a superimposed sound and extracting psychoacoustic parameters of the superimposed sound, and establishing an annoyance model of the superimposed sound according to the psychoacoustic parameters;
step 7: when other regulation sound parameters are considered to be optimized, the regulation sound with the changed parameters is directly injected into the target sound, the superposition sound parameters are extracted, the disturbance degree model established in the step 6 is substituted for calculation, and the required regulation sound parameter optimization is realized by using the calculation result.
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is exemplary and intended to be illustrative of the invention and not to be construed as limiting the invention.
(1) And obtaining a target sound sample of a certain civil aircraft in a stable flight state through the sound acquisition system.
(2) Alternative regulatory sound types, including natural and synthetic sounds, were determined as shown in table 1.
Table 1 Regulation Acoustic alternative types
(3) And superposing and listening the alternative modulation and control sound and the target sound, selecting a modulation and control sound type suitable for adjusting the target sound from the alternative modulation and control sound, and finally selecting that the wind sound in the nature has a better reduction effect on the annoyance of the target sound, wherein a modulation and control sound frequency spectrum chart is shown in figure 2.
(4) Taking the target sound as a signal, taking the regulating sound as noise, injecting different proportions of noise into the signal, and realizing superposition of the regulating sound and the target sound with different signal to noise ratios to obtain superposition sounds with different signal to noise ratios; 24 subjects were recruited for listening tests and subjective evaluations of the annoyance of the superimposed sounds of different signal to noise ratios were performed. After the experiment is finished, the experimental results are arranged and analyzed, invalid data are removed, and the results are shown in figure 3.
(5) The optimum signal to noise ratio is +9dB. On the one hand, the spectrum overlapping degree of the regulating sound and the target sound is changed, the overlapping degree of the spectrum is defined as the bandwidth overlapping rate delta, and the overlapping degree of the target sound and the regulating sound bandwidth is expressed by the following formula:
wherein: f (f) 1 、f 2 -upper and lower frequency limits of overlapping portions of the target sound and the superimposed sound spectrum;
f T1 、f T2 -upper and lower frequency limits of the target acoustic energy concentration portion;
f A1 、f A2 -adjusting the upper and lower frequency limits of the acoustic energy concentration portion.
As can be calculated from the above, the bandwidth overlapping ratio of the regulated sound and the target sound which are not optimized by the parameters is delta=0.67, the regulated sound is filtered by a filter, the high frequency part of the regulated sound is filtered, the low frequency part is reserved, the bandwidth overlapping ratio of the regulated sound and the target sound is delta=0.51, delta=0.34 and delta=0.17 respectively, and the spectrum overlapping condition of the regulated sound and the target sound is shown in fig. 4 (a); on the other hand change the power spectrum slope K of the regulating sound p The power spectrum slope of the regulating sound is respectively changed into K p = -3 dB/octave, +3 dB/octave and K p = -6 dB/octave, where K p A schematic of = +3 dB/octave is shown in fig. 4 (b).
After the two kinds of frequency spectrum characteristics are changed, 6 new regulating sounds are generated, and as shown in table 2, the 6 new regulating sounds are respectively overlapped with target sounds in an optimal signal-to-noise ratio for subjective experiments.
TABLE 2 Regulation Acoustic parameter design
24 persons are recruited to perform listening tests, annoyance evaluation is performed on target sounds injected with different modulating sounds, subjective experimental data are counted and analyzed, invalid data are removed, and the final results are shown in fig. 5 and 6.
As can be seen from fig. 5, the overlapping degree of the target sound and the adjusting sound is changed to obtain the overlapped sound, the annoyance feeling of the overlapped sound is lower than that of the target sound to a certain extent, but the annoyance feeling of the overlapped sound is not changed greatly before and after the overlapping degree is changed, so that the annoyance feeling adjusting capability of the adjusting sound to the target sound cannot be improved obviously by changing the frequency spectrum overlapping degree, and the frequency spectrum overlapping rate is not the optimal choice of parameter optimization.
From the above FIG. 6, the power spectrum slope k P = +3 dB/octave sum k P = -6 dB/frequency doublingDuring the journey, the regulating sound has a certain regulating effect on the target sound, but the regulating effect is not greatly different from the original regulating sound; k (k) P When the frequency range of the power spectrum is between 3dB and octave, the annoyance of changing the superimposed sound of the power spectrum is obviously lower than that of the target sound, and compared with the original regulating sound, the regulating effect is obvious, namely the slope of the power spectrum is changed into k on the basis of the original regulating sound P When the frequency range is between 3dB and 3dB, the regulating sound has better annoyance reducing effect, namely, changing the gradient of the power spectrum of the regulating sound is the optimal choice for optimizing parameters of the regulating sound.
Of course, filtering out the low frequency part, reserving the high frequency part, or any filtering mode can be adopted; the bandwidth overlapping rate can be changed arbitrarily; the power spectrum slope of the regulating sound can be changed arbitrarily.
(6) Injecting the regulated sound with optimized parameters into a target sound to obtain a superimposed sound and extracting psychoacoustic parameters of the superimposed sound, including loudness L, sharpness S and fluctuation strength F, and establishing a vexation degree model of the superimposed sound as follows:
y C ＝0.378L+0.095S-0.407F+1.747 (2)
when the optimization of the regulating sound parameters with other possibilities is discussed, the regulating sound with the changed parameters can be directly injected into the target sound, the superimposed sound parameters are extracted, the superimposed sound parameters are substituted into the model to calculate the annoyance degree, and the annoyance degree score is not required to be obtained through subjective experiments. Of course, the model is only applicable to the cruising conditions of the civil airliner. For different airplanes and different flight phases, corresponding annoyance models are required to be built respectively. In the whole flight process of the aircraft, corresponding sound regulation and control parameters can be obtained according to the annoyance models established in different aircraft stages, and the sound regulation and control equipment on the aircraft outputs sound regulation and control, so that the noise annoyance in the cabin is inhibited.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations may be made in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A band-limited noise-based audio injection regulation sound design method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting a target sound sample;
step 2: determining several types of band-limited noise that can be used to adjust the target sound as a regulatory sound alternative;
step 3: superposing various types of alternative regulating and controlling sounds with target sounds respectively to obtain a plurality of superposed sounds, and determining the type of the regulating and controlling sound with the effect of reducing the annoyance feeling through listening to the superposed sounds;
step 4: superposing the regulated sound determined in the step 3 and the target sound with different signal-to-noise ratios, and determining the signal-to-noise ratio with the optimal effect of reducing the annoyance feeling in a listening test mode;
step 5: parameter design is carried out on the regulation sound: obtaining a plurality of new regulating sounds by changing the regulating sound parameters determined in the step 3; superposing the obtained new regulating sound with the target sound according to the signal-to-noise ratio determined in the step 4; obtaining a regulating sound parameter which enables the target sound annoyance reducing effect to be optimal through a listening test mode; the regulating sound parameters comprise the bandwidth overlapping rate with the target sound and the power spectrum slope of the regulating sound;
the bandwidth overlapping rate delta refers to the overlapping degree of the target sound and the regulating sound bandwidth:
wherein: f (f) 1 、f 2 Upper and lower frequency limits for overlapping portions of the target sound and the superimposed sound spectrum; f (f) T1 、f T2 Upper and lower frequency limits for the target acoustic energy concentration portion, f A1 、f A2 Upper and lower frequency limits for regulating and controlling the acoustic energy concentration part;
step 6: injecting the optimal regulated sound obtained in the step 5 into a target sound to obtain a superimposed sound and extracting psychoacoustic parameters of the superimposed sound, and establishing an annoyance model of the superimposed sound according to the psychoacoustic parameters;
step 7: when other regulation sound parameters are considered to be optimized, the regulation sound with the changed parameters is directly injected into the target sound, the superposition sound parameters are extracted, the disturbance degree model established in the step 6 is substituted for calculation, and the required regulation sound parameter optimization is realized by using the calculation result.
2. The method for designing the audio injection regulation sound based on band-limited noise according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 1, cabin noise of a certain type of aircraft in a certain flight phase is collected as a target sound sample.
3. The method for designing the audio injection regulation sound based on band-limited noise according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the vexation degree model established in the step 6 is the vexation degree model corresponding to the airplane in the flight stage; and (3) respectively repeating the steps 1 to 6 for different aircraft and different flight phases to establish corresponding annoyance models.
4. The method for designing audio injection regulation sound based on band-limited noise according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: according to the method, corresponding regulation and control sound parameters are obtained according to the annoyance models established in different aircraft stages in the whole flight process of the aircraft, and the regulation and control sound is output through sound equipment on the aircraft, so that the noise annoyance in the cabin is inhibited.
5. The method for designing the audio injection regulation sound based on band-limited noise according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the listening test mode adopted in the step 3, the step 4 and the step 5 is as follows: and selecting the tested materials reaching the required quantity to perform subjective listening experiments, performing validity check on the tested evaluation data, and eliminating invalid data.
6. The method for designing the audio injection regulation sound based on band-limited noise according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the validity test includes cluster analysis, scoring range analysis, misjudgment analysis and/or correlation analysis.
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| CN115371250A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-11-22 | 宁波大学科学技术学院 | Noise improvement method for air conditioner indoor unit based on sound control technology |
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