CN113029209B - A unipolar capacitive sensor and joint device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of non-contact measuring devices, and provides a single-pole capacitive sensor and a connector device. The single-pole capacitive sensor comprises a measuring pole, an equipotential ring, a shielding ring and an insulating ring; the measuring electrode, the equipotential ring and the shielding ring are of stepped structures, and the measuring electrode, the equipotential ring and the shielding ring are coaxial and are assembled from inside to outside in sequence; annular grooves are formed in the same horizontal height and opposite positions of the measuring electrode, the equipotential ring and the shielding ring, and radially fixed insulating rings are arranged between the step position outside the measuring minimum shaft and the inner side of the equipotential ring and between the step position outside the small shaft of the equipotential ring and the inner side of the shielding ring. The connector device adopts a shell layer and shell layer wire seat, an equipotential layer and equipotential layer wire seat and a measuring layer to realize good conduction between three conductive layers of a cable and a single-pole capacitive sensor.

Description

A unipolar capacitive sensor and joint device

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of non-contact measurement devices, in particular to a unipolar capacitive sensor and a joint device.

Background technique

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

With the rapid development of modern industrial technology, many high-end precision equipment and manufacturing and processing technologies put forward higher requirements for precision detection technology. High-precision measurement of small displacement, vibration, and small angle changes is more and more important in the field of modern precision instruments. Among them, the capacitive displacement sensor has the advantages of good dynamic characteristics, high resolution, high precision, and good stability, which are very suitable for high-precision, non-contact dynamic measurement. Therefore, it has been widely used in various industrial fields such as measuring micro-displacement, vibration, and size. Capacitive sensors include unipolar plate capacitive sensors and bipolar plate capacitive sensors.

The unipolar probe can achieve non-contact and do not do any processing on the electrode plate under test, and the electrode plate under test does not need to be connected to the sensor circuit, so it has a wide range of applications. However, the inventor found that the measurement accuracy of the unipolar capacitive sensor is directly related to the assembly accuracy of the coaxiality of the triaxial ring structure. Assembly, use, adjustment and maintenance bring great inconvenience, and the accuracy of direct assembly is not easy to guarantee.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned background art, a first aspect of the present invention provides a unipolar capacitive sensor, wherein the measuring electrode, the equipotential ring and the shielding ring are directly fixed radially by the insulating ring to achieve more reliable assembly .

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A unipolar capacitive sensor includes a measuring pole, an equipotential ring, a shielding ring and an insulating ring; the measuring pole, the equipotential ring and the shielding ring are all stepped structures, and the measuring pole, the equipotential ring and the shielding ring are three They are coaxial and assembled from the inside to the outside in sequence; annular grooves are opened at the same level and at the opposite positions of the measuring pole, the equipotential ring and the shielding ring. A radially fixed insulating ring is arranged between the inner sides and between the outer stepped part of the small axis of the equalization ring and the inner side of the shielding ring.

As an embodiment, the upper inner side of the shielding ring is further provided with a first clamping groove, which is used for clamping with external equipment.

The advantage of the above technical solution is that the first clamping slot is used to clamp the external device, thereby improving the connection stability between the devices.

As an embodiment, the measuring pole has a shaft-like stepped structure.

As an embodiment, an annular groove is provided on the outside of the shaft of the measuring electrode.

The advantage of the above technical solution is that the radial stability of the unipolar capacitive sensor is improved by using the annular groove on the outside of the shaft and the annular groove at the corresponding position of the equalization ring and the shielding ring to be fixedly connected through the insulating ring.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a second aspect of the present invention provides a connector device, which is matched with the above-mentioned unipolar capacitive sensor for pluggable connection.

As an embodiment, the joint device includes an outer shell layer, an outer shell layer wire seat, an equalization layer, an equalization layer cable seat and a measurement layer; the outer shell layer, the equalization layer and the measurement layer are sequentially assembled from outside to inside; The outermost layer, the middle layer and the conductive layer of the triaxial cable are respectively connected to the outermost layer, the middle layer and the conductive layer of the outer shell layer wire seat, the equipotential layer wire seat and the measurement layer; the outer shell layer wire seat is installed at one end of the outer shell layer and the other end of the outer shell layer. It extends into the shielding ring of the unipolar capacitive sensor and is connected by plugging; the equipotential layer wire seat is arranged at both ends of the equipotential layer, and the measuring layer is connected with the measuring pole of the unipolar capacitive sensor.

The advantage of the above technical solution is that the outer shell layer and the outer shell layer wire seat, the equipotential layer and the equipotential layer wire seat, and the measurement layer are used to achieve good conduction between the three-layer conductive layer of the cable and the unipolar capacitive sensor.

As an embodiment, one end of the outer shell layer is provided with a first annular protrusion matching with the first clamping groove.

The advantage of the above technical solution is that the annular protrusion and the slot assembly are used to realize a reliable and practical detachable plug-in mechanism and good detachability of the joint device and the unipolar capacitive sensor.

As an embodiment, a plurality of longitudinal slits are opened at one end of the outer shell layer provided with the annular protrusion.

The advantage of the above technical solution is that the annular protrusion is used to set the gap, so as to ensure good plugging and unplugging practicability.

As an embodiment, the inner side of the outer shell layer is provided with a second engaging groove, the outer side of the outer shell layer wire seat is provided with a second annular protrusion, and the second annular protrusion is clamped in the second engaging groove .

As an embodiment, the inner side of the equalization layer is provided with a third clamping groove, and the outer side of the equalization layer wire seat is provided with a third annular protrusion, and the third annular protrusion is clamped on the third clamping connection. in the slot.

As an embodiment, a plurality of longitudinal slits are further opened at one end of the measurement layer connected to the measurement electrode.

As an embodiment, insulating sleeves are provided between the equalization layer and the measurement layer and between the equalization layer and the outer shell layer, so as to achieve the functions of insulation and fixation.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The present invention provides a practical pluggable unipolar capacitive sensor, wherein the measuring electrode, the equipotential ring and the shielding ring are coaxial and assembled from the inside to the outside in sequence. There are annular grooves at the same level as the shielding ring and at opposite positions, between the outer step of the measurement minimum axis and the inner side of the equalization ring, and between the outer step of the equalization ring minor axis and the inner side of the shielding ring. A radially fixed insulating ring is provided. The axial limit of the insulating ring is adopted, which solves the problem that the unipolar capacitive sensor probe is directly connected to the triaxial cable and cannot be disassembled, which brings great inconvenience to assembly, use, adjustment and maintenance. Removability and structural stability of capacitive sensors.

(2) The present invention adopts an annular groove, which can realize a good axial limit of the sensor by means of the solidification of the insulating filler.

(3) The present invention adopts the assembly of annular protrusions and card grooves and cutting out gaps, and can realize a reliable and practical detachable plug-in and pull-out mechanism. Good detachability of the joint device and the unipolar sensor is achieved.

(4) The present invention adopts the shell layer and the shell layer wire seat, the equipotential layer and the equipotential layer wire seat, and the measurement layer, so as to realize the good conduction between the three-layer conductive layer of the cable and the unipolar capacitive sensor.

(5) The insulating sleeve with the stepped mechanism of the present invention realizes the insulation and fixation of the three-layer circuit of the joint device.

Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings forming a part of the present invention are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

1 is a front view of a unipolar capacitive sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a cross-sectional view of a unipolar capacitive sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the measuring pole of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the allelic ring of the embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of a shielding ring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of an insulating ring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an isostatic layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an isobaric line seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

9 is a cross-sectional view of an isostatic layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

10 is a cross-sectional view of an isolevel line seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of an outer shell layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the outer shell wire seat according to the embodiment of the present invention;

13 is a cross-sectional view of an outer shell layer of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of an outer shell wire seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

15 is a schematic diagram of a measurement layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

16 is a cross-sectional view of a measurement layer of an embodiment of the present invention;

17 is a schematic diagram of an insulating sleeve between a measurement layer and an equalization layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

18 is a schematic diagram of an insulating sleeve between an equalization layer and an outer shell layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 19 is a side view of a joint device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

20 is a cross-sectional view of a joint device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 21 is the overall assembly diagram of the joint and the unipolar capacitive sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view of the overall assembly of the joint and the monopolar capacitive sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Among them: 1-measurement pole; 101-measurement minimum axis; 102-first annular groove; 2-equipotential ring; 201-equipotential ring small end; 202-second annular groove; 3-shield ring; 301-th 1 clamping slot; 302-third annular groove; 4-insulation ring; 5-equipotential layer; 501-first gap; 502-step hole; 503-third clamping groove; 6-equipotential layer wire seat; 601-the third annular protrusion; 602-the second gap; 603-the inner side of the equalization layer; 7-the outer shell layer; 701-the first annular protrusion; 702-the third gap; 703-the second clamping groove; 704-step hole; 8-outer shell wire seat; 801-second annular protrusion; 802-fourth slot; 803-inside of outer shell wire seat; 9-measurement layer; 901-fifth slot; 902-sensor 903-hole on the cable side; 10-first insulating sleeve; 1001-step shaft; 11-second insulating sleeve; 1101-step shaft.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural as well, furthermore, it is to be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates that There are features, steps, operations, devices, components and/or combinations thereof.

In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", etc. The orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only a relational word determined for the convenience of describing the structural relationship of each component or element of the present invention. Invention limitations.

In the present invention, terms such as "fixed connection", "connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, indicating that it can be a fixed connection, an integral connection or a detachable connection; it can be directly connected, or through the middle media are indirectly connected. For the relevant scientific research or technical personnel in the field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be determined according to the specific situation, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

In order to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that when the unipolar capacitive sensor is directly assembled, it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of the coaxiality during assembly, the present invention provides a unipolar capacitive sensor.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , a unipolar capacitive sensor provided in this embodiment includes a measuring pole 1 , an equipotential ring 2 , a shielding ring 3 and an insulating ring 4 .

In a specific implementation, the measuring electrode 1, the equalizing ring 2 and the shielding ring 3 are all stepped structures, and the measuring electrode 1, the equalizing ring 2 and the shielding ring 3 are coaxial and assembled from the inside to the outside in sequence; 1. Annular grooves are provided at the same level and at the opposite positions of the equalizing ring 2 and the shielding ring 3. Between the step outside the measuring minimum axis 101 and the inner side of the equalizing ring 2 and the equalizing ring A radially fixed insulating ring 4 is provided between the step on the outer side of the small end 201 and the inner side of the shielding ring 3 .

The measuring pole as shown in Figures 2 and 3 is a shaft-like stepped structure composed of two shafts. The measuring pole formed by the shaft-shaped stepped structure of the two axes has a simple structure and is easy to implement. Among them, the two axes are the measurement maximum axis and the measurement minimum axis 101 respectively.

In FIG. 3 , a first annular groove 102 is opened on the outer side surface of the measuring maximum axis. The measuring minimum shaft 101 and the equal position ring 2 are fixed and limited by the insulating ring 4 at the step.

In FIG. 4 , the equipotential ring 2 is a stepped housing structure, including a small end 201 of the equipotential ring and a big end of the equipotence ring. A second annular notch 202 is opened on the inner side and outer side of the big end of the equipotential ring. The structure of the insulating ring is shown in FIG. 6 .

In FIG. 5 , the shielding ring 3 is a stepped casing structure, and a first clamping groove 301 is further opened on the inner side of the upper part of the shielding ring 3 for clamping with external equipment. In this way, the first clamping slot can be used to clamp the external device, and the connection stability between the devices can be improved. The inner side of the lower end of the shielding ring 3 is provided with a third annular groove, which corresponds to the second annular groove 202 of the equalization ring.

In this embodiment, the annular groove on the outer side of the shaft of the bottom layer is fixedly connected with the annular groove at the corresponding position of the equalization ring and the shielding ring through the insulating ring, which improves the radial stability of the unipolar capacitive sensor.

It should be noted here that the measuring pole can also be realized by adopting a shaft-shaped stepped structure composed of three axes or more than three axes. This does not affect the effect of the unipolar capacitive sensor of the present invention being detachable and having high assembly accuracy. In the shaft-shaped stepped structure composed of three shafts or more, except for the shaft on the topmost layer of the measuring pole, at least one of the remaining shafts is provided with an annular groove outside.

Referring to FIGS. 19 and 20 , a connector device is also provided, which is matched with the above-mentioned unipolar capacitive sensor for pluggable connection, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 .

In a specific implementation, the joint device includes an outer shell layer 7 , an outer shell layer wire seat 8 , an equalization layer 5 , an equalization layer cable seat 6 and a measurement layer 9 ; the outer shell layer 7 , the equalization layer 5 and the measurement layer 9 The outermost layer, the middle layer and the conductive layer of the triaxial cable are respectively connected to the outermost layer, the middle layer and the conductive layer of the outer layer wire seat 8, the equipotential layer wire seat 6 and the measurement layer 9 respectively; the outer layer wire seat 8 is installed At one end of the outer shell layer 7, the other end of the outer shell layer 7 extends into the shielding ring 3 of the unipolar capacitive sensor and is connected by plugging; The measurement layer 9 is connected to the measurement electrode 1 of the monopolar capacitive sensor. In this embodiment, the shell layer and the shell layer wire seat, the equipotential layer and the equipotential layer wire seat, and the measurement layer are used to achieve good conduction between the three-layer conductive layer of the cable and the unipolar capacitive sensor.

In a specific implementation, the measuring minima axis 101 is connected to the hole 902 on the sensor side of the measuring layer 9 of the joint device. The allelic ring small end 201 is connected to the allelic layer 5 of the joint device.

In a specific implementation, the inner side of the outer shell layer 7 is provided with a second clamping groove, and the outer side of the outer shell layer wire seat 8 is provided with a second annular protrusion 801 , and the second annular protrusion 801 is clamped on the second clamping groove. in the slot.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 , the inner side 803 of the outer shell wire seat can be connected to the outermost layer of the triaxial cable through soldering and conductive glue, and connected to the outer shell layer 7 through a snap mechanism.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 , the outer shell layer 7 is a shell structure, and the small end face of the outer shell layer is a first annular protrusion 701, which cooperates with the first snap groove 301 inside the small end of the shielding layer of the sensor to form a snap button device. Several (for example: four) third slits 702 are cut out at the small end of the outer shell layer to ensure good flexibility of the snap device and good detachability. The large end surface 7 of the outer shell layer is connected to the outer shell layer wire seat 8 according to the buckle mechanism in which the second clamping groove 703 and the second annular protrusion 801 cooperate. Specifically, one end of the outer shell layer 7 is provided with a first annular protrusion 701 matching with the first clamping groove 301 . This embodiment adopts annular protrusions and card grooves to assemble, which can not only realize a reliable and practical detachable plug-in mechanism, but also realize good detachability of the joint device and the unipolar capacitive sensor.

As shown in FIGS. 7-10 , both ends of the equipotential layer 5 are respectively connected to the equipotential layer wire base 6 and the equipotential ring 2 of the unipolar capacitive sensor. On the side connected with the equipotential ring 2, several (for example, 4:) first slits 501 are cut out to ensure good flexibility when plugging and unplugging the equipotential ring with the sensor. The inner side of the equalization layer 5 is provided with a third clamping groove, and the outer side of the equalization layer wire seat 6 is provided with a third annular protrusion 601 , and the third annular protrusion 601 is clamped in the third clamping groove 503 Inside. The equipotential layer 5 and the equipotential layer wire seat 6 are connected to each other through a clasp mechanism in which the third clasp groove 503 cooperates with the third annular protrusion 601 . Among them, the equipotential layer wire seat 6, the inner side 603 is connected to the middle layer of the triaxial cable by soldering or conductive glue, and the outer side is connected to the equipotential layer 5 by a snap mechanism.

As shown in Figures 15 and 16, the measurement layer 9 is a cylindrical body with holes punched at both ends. The hole 903 on the cable side is connected to the middle conductive layer of the triaxial cable by soldering or conductive glue. The hole 902 is connected to the measuring miniature axis 101 of the sensor. On the measuring pole side, a fifth slit 901 is cut out to ensure flexibility during insertion and removal.

Specifically, the first insulating sleeve 10 is arranged between the equalization layer 5 and the measurement layer 9, and plays the role of insulation and fixation. At the same time, the stepped shaft 1001 is combined with the stepped hole 502 of the equalization layer to ensure a good rigid connection in the axial direction. The second insulating sleeve 11 is arranged between the equalization layer 5 and the outer shell layer 7, and plays the role of insulation and fixation. At the same time, the stepped shaft 1101 is combined with the stepped hole 704 of the equalization layer to ensure a good rigid connection in the axial direction.

The connection between the outer conductive layer of the cable and the sensor shielding ring 3 is realized through the outer shell layer 7 and the outer shell layer wire seat 8; through the equipotential layer 5 and the equipotential layer wire seat 6, the middle conductive layer of the cable and the sensor are equalized. The connection of the ring 2; through the measurement layer 9, the connection between the middlemost conductive layer of the cable and the sensor measurement pole 1 is realized. The existence of a snap mechanism and a gap also ensures good plugging and unplugging practicability.

The plug-in type unipolar capacitor and the connector device of this embodiment can be applied in the fields of measuring piezoelectric micro-displacement, micro-dimension, micro-vibration, etc., and has a relatively wide application in the field of precision measurement.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a unipolar capacitive sensor, is characterized in that, comprises measuring pole, equipotential ring, shielding ring and insulating ring; Described measuring pole, equipotential ring and shielding ring are all stepped structures, and described measuring pole, etc. The position ring and the shielding ring are coaxial and assembled from the inside to the outside in sequence; annular grooves are opened at the same level and opposite positions of the measuring pole, the equalization ring and the shielding ring. A radially fixed insulating ring is arranged between the step and the inner side of the equalization ring and between the outer step of the small axis of the equalization ring and the inner side of the shielding ring; the upper inner side of the shielding ring is also provided with a first clamping groove, Used to connect with external devices. 2 . The unipolar capacitive sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the measurement pole has an axial stepped structure. 3 . 3. A connector device, characterized in that it is matched with the unipolar capacitive sensor according to any one of claims 1-2 and is connected in a pluggable manner. 4. The joint device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the joint device comprises an outer shell layer, an outer shell layer wire seat, an equalization layer, an equalization layer cable seat and a measurement layer; the outer shell layer, the equalization layer The outermost layer, the middle layer and the conductive layer of the triaxial cable are respectively connected to the outermost layer, the middle layer and the conductive layer of the outer layer, and the outermost layer, the middle layer and the conductive layer of the triaxial cable are respectively connected; One end of the outer shell layer, the other end of the outer shell layer extends into the shielding ring of the unipolar capacitive sensor and is connected by plugging; The measuring poles of the unipolar capacitive sensor are connected. 5 . The joint device according to claim 4 , wherein one end of the outer shell layer is provided with a first annular protrusion matching with the first engaging groove. 6 . 6 . The joint device according to claim 5 , wherein a plurality of longitudinal slits are opened at one end of the outer shell layer provided with the annular protrusion. 7 . 7 . The joint device according to claim 5 , wherein a second clamping groove is provided on the inner side of the outer shell layer, and a second annular protrusion is provided on the outer side of the wire seat of the outer shell layer. The lifting card is arranged in the second engaging groove. 8 . The joint device according to claim 5 , wherein the inner side of the equalization layer is provided with a third clamping groove, the outer side of the equalization layer wire seat is provided with a third annular protrusion, and the third ring The shaped protrusion is clamped in the third clamping groove. 9 . The joint device according to claim 8 , wherein a plurality of longitudinal slits are opened at one end of the measurement layer connected to the measurement electrode. 10 . 10 . The joint device according to claim 8 , wherein an insulating sleeve is provided between the equalization layer and the measurement layer and between the equalization layer and the outer shell layer, so as to realize the functions of insulation and fixation. 11 .

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