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CN112993551B - Omnidirectional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands - Google Patents

Omnidirectional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112993551B
CN112993551B CN202110179573.5A CN202110179573A CN112993551B CN 112993551 B CN112993551 B CN 112993551B CN 202110179573 A CN202110179573 A CN 202110179573A CN 112993551 B CN112993551 B CN 112993551B
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Prior art keywords
frequency bands
dielectric substrate
radiation
wifi antenna
omni
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CN112993551A (en
Inventor
梁胜
冯波涛
涂雅婷
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Shenzhen South Star Technology Co ltd
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Shenzhen South Star Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an omnidirectional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a first antenna and a second antenna, wherein the dielectric substrate is provided with a first side face and a second side face which are opposite; the coplanar waveguide structure is arranged on the first side surface of the dielectric substrate and comprises a central conductor band and radiation patches symmetrically arranged on two sides of the central conductor band; the load patches are arranged at two ends of the central conductor belt and connected with the central conductor belt; the radiation patch connecting wire is arranged on the second side surface of the dielectric substrate, and two ends of the radiation patch connecting wire are respectively connected with the radiation patches on two sides of the central conductor belt through metal through holes penetrating through the dielectric substrate; a feeder line disposed on the second side of the dielectric substrate and connected to a feeding point on the center conductor strip; and choke wires symmetrically arranged on both sides of the feeder line and connected with the radiation patch via metal via holes. The omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to the 5G frequency bands and the 6G frequency bands can cover the 5.15-5.85GHz frequency bands and the 5.925-7.125GHz frequency bands simultaneously, and has the characteristics of wide bandwidth, low out-of-roundness and high gain.

Description

Omnidirectional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to an omnidirectional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands.
Background
With the rapid development of the WiFi user quantity, the WiFi wireless communication systems in the 2.45GHz band and the 5GHz band cannot meet the current day-to-day user demands, and in order to reduce the system space, it is necessary to deploy a broadband WiFi wireless communication system compatible with the 5GHz band and the 6GHz band. The omnidirectional antenna is an essential component of a WiFi system because of wide coverage range and random positions of signal receivers. The out-of-roundness is an important index of the omni-directional antenna, and is used for describing whether the radiation gain of the antenna in each direction on the horizontal plane is consistent or not, and whether a standard circular radiation pattern can be formed or not.
Many articles are currently researching and designing WiFi radios in the 2.45GHz and 5GHz frequency bands. Some of the antennas adopt a serial feed structure to design a high-gain broadband WiFi antenna, but the antenna has the defect that the maximum radiation direction of the directional diagram can deviate along with the frequency change, which is not beneficial to practical application. Some antennas adopt a parallel one-to-three structure, and the gain of the structure is relatively high and stable, but the bandwidth cannot be expanded very widely.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems, and aims to provide an omnidirectional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands, which can cover 5.15-5.85GHz and 5.925-7.125GHz frequency bands simultaneously, and has the characteristics of wide bandwidth, low out-of-roundness and high gain.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an omnidirectional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a first antenna and a second antenna, wherein the dielectric substrate is provided with a first side face and a second side face which are opposite; the coplanar waveguide structure is arranged on the first side surface of the dielectric substrate and comprises a central conductor band and radiation patches symmetrically arranged on two sides of the central conductor band; load patches arranged at two ends of the central conductor strip and connected with the central conductor strip; the radiation patch connecting wire is arranged on the second side surface of the dielectric substrate, and two ends of the radiation patch connecting wire are respectively connected with the radiation patches on two sides of the central conductor belt through metal through holes penetrating through the dielectric substrate; a feeder line provided on the second side surface of the dielectric substrate and connected to a feeding point on the center conductor tape via a metal via penetrating the dielectric substrate; and choke wires symmetrically arranged on two sides of the feeder line and connected with the radiation patch through metal via holes penetrating through the dielectric substrate.
Preferably, a first radiation patch, a second radiation patch and a third radiation patch are respectively arranged on two sides of the central conductor belt, and the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch are connected together; the second side of the dielectric substrate is provided with a first radiation patch connecting wire with two ends respectively connected to the first radiation patch and a second radiation patch connecting wire arranged at two ends of the third radiation patch, and two ends of the third radiation patch connecting wire are respectively connected to the third radiation patches at two sides of the central conductor belt.
Preferably, the length and width of the first radiation patch are 24.2mm×6.6mm, the length and width of the second radiation patch are 26.4mm×6.6mm, and the length and width of the third radiation patch are 26.3mm×6.6mm.
Preferably, the distance between the feeding point and the center of the center conductor strip is 1/4 of the medium wavelength.
Preferably, the choke line has a shape of "η".
Preferably, the load patch is in a polygonal structure consisting of 1/2 regular octagon, rectangle and isosceles triangle.
Preferably, the side length of the regular octagon is 3.5mm, the length and width of the rectangle are 10.7mm by 9.1mm, and the width and height of the isosceles triangle are 9.1mm by 4mm.
Preferably, the length and width of the central conductor strip is 96.2mm by 0.45mm.
Preferably, the dielectric substrate is an FR4 board with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a thickness of 1.6 mm.
Preferably, the length and width of the dielectric substrate are 131mm to 15mm.
According to the description and practice, the omnidirectional broadband WiFi antenna applied to the 5G frequency bands and the 6G frequency bands disclosed by the invention covers the 5.15-5.85GHz frequency bands and the 5.925-7.125GHz frequency bands, and the out-of-roundness of the antenna is kept below 2.5dBi, so that the antenna has good omnidirectional radiation performance.
In addition, by selecting the feeding point at the position which is 1/4 of the medium wavelength away from the center of the center conductor strip, 180-degree phase compensation can be generated for one-to-two feeding, the problem that the radiation pattern is shifted along with the frequency caused by series feeding is overcome, the gain stability is maintained while the wide bandwidth is realized, and the maximum gain direction of the radiation pattern is stabilized.
In addition, by introducing an improved eta-shaped microstrip line with a stepped shape as a choke line on two sides of a feeder line on the second side surface of the dielectric substrate, the problem of impedance matching deterioration caused when the coaxial line is fed by a coplanar waveguide is solved, and port matching is optimized.
In addition, three groups of improved radiating patches on the first side of the dielectric plate and the central conductor strip form a coplanar waveguide structure, so that the wide bandwidth is easier to realize than the traditional direct-fed WiFi antenna, and the overall structure is more compact.
In addition, by connecting a polygonal radiating patch as a termination patch at the end of the center conductor strip, the bandwidth can be increased and the out-of-roundness of the radiation pattern can be reduced, achieving good omnidirectional radiation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first side of an omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second side of the omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a standing wave ratio diagram of the omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a radiation efficiency diagram of the omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a gain diagram of the omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a non-circularity plot of an omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands according to the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures are:
1. a dielectric substrate;
2. a center conductor strip;
3. a radiating patch 31, a first radiating patch 32, a second radiating patch 33, a third radiating patch;
4. loading a patch;
5. a radiation patch connection line 51, a first radiation patch connection line 52, a second radiation patch connection line;
6. a feeder line;
7. choking the line.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments may be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus a repetitive description thereof will be omitted. In the present disclosure, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "disposed in" and "having" are intended to be open-ended and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. in addition to the listed elements/components/etc.; the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely as labels, and do not limit the number or order of their objects; the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not denote or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first side of an omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second side of the omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands according to the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to the 5G and 6G frequency bands includes a dielectric substrate 1, where the dielectric substrate 1 is an FR4 board with a dielectric constant of 4.4, a length of 131mm, a width of 15mm, and a thickness of 1.6mm, and to some extent, the manufacturing cost of the antenna can be reduced, and the antenna has a first side and a second side that are opposite to each other, fig. 1 shows a structure on the first side, and fig. 2 shows a structure on the second side.
A coplanar waveguide structure is provided on the first side of the dielectric substrate 1, the coplanar waveguide structure comprising: a central conductor strip 2 and radiation patches 3 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central conductor strip 2. The central conductor strip 2 is an elongated metal conductor, in this embodiment 96.2mm x 0.45mm in length and width.
A load patch 4 is respectively arranged at two ends of the central conductor strip 2, and the load patch 4 is directly connected with the central conductor strip 2. In this embodiment, the load patch 4 has a polygonal structure consisting of a regular octagon, a rectangle, and an isosceles triangle of 1/2. Wherein the regular octagon has a side length of 3.5mm, the rectangle has a length and width of 10.7mm by 9.1mm, and the equilateral triangle has a width and height of 9.1mm by 4mm. The purpose of the load patch 4 is to increase the bandwidth of the antenna and reduce the out-of-roundness of the radiation pattern, achieving good omnidirectional radiation.
A radiation patch connection line 5, a feeder line 6, and a choke line 7 are provided on the first side of the dielectric substrate 1. Wherein the two ends of the radiation patch connecting wire 5 are respectively connected with the radiation patches 3 on the two sides of the central conductor strip 2 through metal vias penetrating through the dielectric substrate 1. The function of the radiation patch connection lines 5 is to ensure a radiation current balance of the radiation patches 3 on both sides of the central conductor strip 2 on the first side, thereby stabilizing the radiation performance.
In this embodiment, three sets of radiation patches are provided on both sides of the central conductor strip 2, respectively: a first radiating patch 31, a second radiating patch 32, and a third radiating patch 33. Wherein the first radiating patch 31 and the second radiating patch 32 are directly connected together by a microstrip line. Correspondingly, a first radiation patch connection line 51 and two second radiation patch connection lines 52 are provided on the second side of the dielectric substrate 1. The two ends of the first radiation patch connection line 51 are respectively connected to the first radiation patches 31 on the two sides of the central conductor strip 2 via metal vias penetrating through the dielectric substrate 1.
The two second radiation patch connection lines 52 are disposed on the second side of the dielectric substrate 1 at positions opposite to the two ends of the third radiation patch 33, and the two ends of the second radiation patch connection lines 52 are respectively connected to the third radiation patch 33 on the two sides of the central conductor strip 2 via metal vias penetrating through the dielectric substrate 1, that is, the two second radiation patch connection lines 52 are disposed on the second side of the two ends of the third radiation patch 33. By the two second radiation patch connection lines 52 described above, the radiation current of the third radiation patch 33 can be ensured to be balanced, thereby stabilizing the radiation performance.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the length and width of the first radiation patch 31 is 24.2mm×6.6mm, the length and width of the second radiation patch 32 is 26.4mm×6.6mm, and the length and width of the third radiation patch 33 is 26.3mm×6.6mm.
The feed line 6 is then connected to the feed point on the central conductor strip 2 via a metal via penetrating the dielectric substrate. The feeding point is arranged at the position of 1/4 medium wavelength away from the center of the center conductor strip 2, 180-degree phase compensation can be generated for one-to-two feeding by arranging the feeding point at a proper distance away from the center of the center conductor strip 2, the problem that the radiation pattern is offset along with frequency caused by series feeding is solved, the wide bandwidth is realized, the gain stability is maintained, and the maximum gain direction of the radiation pattern is stabilized.
The choke line 7 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the feed line 6 and is connected to the second radiating patch 32 via a metal via penetrating the dielectric substrate 1. In this embodiment, two microstrip lines in the shape of "η" are provided in total, symmetrically disposed on both sides of the feeding line 6, and connected to two second radiation patches 32 of the first side of the dielectric substrate 1 via metal vias, respectively. The choke line 7 has the function of solving the problem of impedance matching deterioration caused by the transformation of the coaxial line into the coplanar waveguide feed and optimizing the port matching.
The feeder line 6 is used for being connected with a core line of an antenna feeder line, and the choke line 7 is used for being connected with a ground line of the antenna feeder line, so that electric signals are fed into the omnidirectional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands.
Fig. 3 is a standing wave ratio diagram of the omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands according to the present invention. The graph shows standing wave ratio curves of the omnidirectional broadband WiFi antenna applied to the 5G frequency band and the 6G frequency band in the 5.0GHz-7.5GHz frequency band, and the standing wave ratios in the WiFi5GHz frequency band (5.15 GHz-5.85 GHz) and the WiFi6GHz frequency band (5.925 GHz-7.125 GHz) are all less than 2, so that the omnidirectional broadband WiFi antenna can be applied to the WiFi5GHz and the 6GHz frequency band, and has higher practical value.
Fig. 4 is a radiation efficiency diagram of the omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands according to the present invention. The graph shows the radiation efficiency curve graph of the omnidirectional wideband WiFi antenna applied to the 5G frequency band and the 6G frequency band in the 5.0GHz-7.5GHz frequency band, and the radiation efficiency in the WiFi5GHz frequency band (5.15 GHz-5.85 GHz) and the WiFi6GHz frequency band (5.925 GHz-7.125 GHz) is known to be greater than 0.7 in the graph, so that the omnidirectional wideband WiFi antenna is ensured to have higher radiation efficiency when being applied to the WiFi5GHz and 6GHz frequency bands.
Fig. 5 is a gain diagram of the omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands according to the present invention. The graph shows the gain curve graph of the omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to the 5G frequency band and the 6G frequency band in the 5.0GHz-7.5GHz frequency band, and the gains in the WiFi5GHz frequency band (5.15 GHz-5.85 GHz) and the WiFi6GHz frequency band (5.925 GHz-7.125 GHz) are above 5dBi and are kept stable.
Fig. 6 is a non-circularity plot of an omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands according to the present invention. The graph shows that the non-circularity curve graph of the omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to the 5G frequency band and the 6G frequency band is in the 5.0GHz-7.5GHz frequency band, and the non-circularity graph is less than 2dBi in the WiFi5GHz frequency band (5.15 GHz-5.85 GHz), the non-circularity graph is less than 3.6dBi in the WiFi6GHz frequency band (5.925 GHz-7.125 GHz), and the omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna has good omni-directional radiation performance.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims (10)

1. An omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna for 5G and 6G frequency bands, comprising:
a dielectric substrate having a first side and a second side opposite to each other;
the coplanar waveguide structure is arranged on the first side surface of the dielectric substrate and comprises a central conductor band and radiation patches symmetrically arranged on two sides of the central conductor band;
load patches arranged at two ends of the central conductor strip and connected with the central conductor strip;
the radiation patch connecting wire is arranged on the second side surface of the dielectric substrate, and two ends of the radiation patch connecting wire are respectively connected with the radiation patches on two sides of the central conductor belt through metal through holes penetrating through the dielectric substrate;
a feeder line provided on the second side surface of the dielectric substrate and connected to a feeding point on the center conductor tape via a metal via penetrating the dielectric substrate; and
the choke line is symmetrically arranged at two sides of the feeder line and is connected with the radiation patch through a metal via hole penetrating through the dielectric substrate.
2. The omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands of claim 1, wherein,
three radiation patches are respectively arranged on two sides of the central conductor belt, namely a first radiation patch, a second radiation patch and a third radiation patch, and the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch are connected together;
the radiation patch connection line includes: the two ends of the second radiation patch connecting wire are respectively connected to the third radiation patch on the two sides of the central conductor strip.
3. The omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna for use in 5G and 6G frequency bands of claim 2 wherein the first radiating patch has a length and width of 24.2mm x 6.6mm, the second radiating patch has a length and width of 26.4mm x 6.6mm, and the third radiating patch has a length and width of 26.3mm x 6.6mm.
4. The omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna for use in 5G and 6G frequency bands according to claim 1 wherein the feed point is 1/4 of the dielectric wavelength from the center of the center conductor band.
5. The omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands according to claim 1, wherein the choke line is "η" shaped.
6. The omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands according to claim 1, wherein the load patch is a polygonal structure consisting of 1/2 regular octagon, rectangle and isosceles triangle.
7. The omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands according to claim 6, wherein the side length of the regular octagon is 3.5mm, the length and width of the rectangle is 10.7mm by 9.1mm, and the width and height of the isosceles triangle is 9.1mm by 4mm.
8. An omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to the 5G and 6G frequency bands according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the length and width of the central conductor strip is 96.2mm by 0.45mm.
9. The omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein said dielectric substrate is an FR4 board with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a thickness of 1.6 mm.
10. The omni-directional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands of claim 9, wherein the length and width of the dielectric substrate is 131mm by 15mm.
CN202110179573.5A 2021-02-07 2021-02-07 Omnidirectional broadband WiFi antenna applied to 5G and 6G frequency bands Active CN112993551B (en)

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CN112993551B true CN112993551B (en) 2023-07-28

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CN102760946A (en) * 2012-07-30 2012-10-31 哈尔滨工业大学 Omnidirectional radiation oscillator array antenna for coupling feed
CN102760944A (en) * 2012-07-30 2012-10-31 哈尔滨工业大学 Omnidirectional radiation vibrator array antenna for loaded coupled feeding
CN102760945A (en) * 2012-07-30 2012-10-31 哈尔滨工业大学 Direct feed omnidirectional printed antenna with radiation load
CN106356619A (en) * 2016-10-14 2017-01-25 西安电子科技大学 Wide-band and high-gain WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) omnidirectional antenna

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US9331390B2 (en) * 2014-03-26 2016-05-03 Laird Technologies, Inc. Antenna assemblies

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2453778A (en) * 2007-10-18 2009-04-22 Thales Holdings Uk Plc An ultra wideband antenna with a high impedance surface reflector
CN102760946A (en) * 2012-07-30 2012-10-31 哈尔滨工业大学 Omnidirectional radiation oscillator array antenna for coupling feed
CN102760944A (en) * 2012-07-30 2012-10-31 哈尔滨工业大学 Omnidirectional radiation vibrator array antenna for loaded coupled feeding
CN102760945A (en) * 2012-07-30 2012-10-31 哈尔滨工业大学 Direct feed omnidirectional printed antenna with radiation load
CN106356619A (en) * 2016-10-14 2017-01-25 西安电子科技大学 Wide-band and high-gain WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) omnidirectional antenna

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