CN112979633B - 新的肟类衍生物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
新的肟类衍生物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112979633B CN112979633B CN201911273485.0A CN201911273485A CN112979633B CN 112979633 B CN112979633 B CN 112979633B CN 201911273485 A CN201911273485 A CN 201911273485A CN 112979633 B CN112979633 B CN 112979633B
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
- C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D417/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/713—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with four or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/74—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,3
- A01N43/78—1,3-Thiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-thiazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D413/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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Abstract
本发明涉及新的肟类衍生物及其制备方法和应用,其中,新的肟类衍生物具有如式(I)所示的结构,其中,Q为任选取代的苯基,T为C1‑6烷基取代的四唑基,A为噻唑基、吡唑基或异噁唑基;M为任选地被1、2、3、4或5个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基、羟基、C1‑6烷基、C1‑6烷氧基、卤代C1‑6烷基或卤代C1‑6烷氧基取代的苯基;本发明新的肟类衍生物对黄瓜霜霉病具有优异的防治效果,具备进一步研发的价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农药杀菌剂领域,具体地本发明涉及新的肟类衍生物及其制备方法、包含该肟类衍生物的组合物及该肟类衍生物及其包含该肟类衍生物的组合物在农业中作为植物病害,特别是由植物病原性真菌引起的植物病害防治剂的应用。
背景技术
现代农业生产中,但由于长时间频繁地使用农药,导致作物上的病害对现有的农药产生抗药性,使农药的防治效果降低,为了达到有效防治作物病害的目的,就会加大农药的施用量,这不仅增加了农业生产的投入且对环境造成了污染;为了解决抗药性这个问题,需要不断开发出具有防治作物病害的新型化合物。
发明内容
本发明提供一种新的肟类衍生物、以及包含这种衍生物的组合物,该肟类衍生物及其组合物在农业中用于防治植物病原性真菌引起的病害。
一方面,本发明提供一种化合物,其为具有式(I)所示的化合物或具有式(I)所示的化合物的氮氧化物、盐、(Z)型异构体、(E)型异构体或(Z)型异构体和(E)型异构体的混合物:
其中,
Q为
其中,Ra、Rb、Rc、Rd和Re各自独立地为氢、氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基、羟基或C1-6烷基;
T为
其中,Rf和Rg各自独立地为C1-6烷基;
A为噻唑基、吡唑基或异噁唑基;
其中,A任选地被1或2个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基或甲基的取代基取代;
M为任选地被1、2、3、4或5个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基、羟基、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、卤代C1-6烷基或卤代C1-6烷氧基取代的苯基。
一些实施方案中,Ra、Rb、Rc、Rd和Re各自独立地为氢、氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基、羟基或C1-4烷基。
另一些实施方案中,Ra、Rb、Rc、Rd和Re各自独立地为氢、氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基、羟基或-CH3。
又另一些实施方案中,Ra、Rb、Rc、Rd和Re各自独立地为氢。
一些实施方案中,Rf和Rg各自独立地为C1-4烷基。
另一些实施方案中,Rf和Rg各自独立地为甲基。
又另一些实施方案中,T为
一些实施方案中,A
其中,A任选地被1或2个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基或甲基的取代基取代。
另一些实施方案中,A为
其中,以“#”和“*”表示的A的两个连接端中,“#”连接端与-CH2-相连接,“*”连接端与M相连接。
一些实施方案中,M为任选地被1、2、3、4或5个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基、羟基、C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤代C1-4烷基或卤代C1-4烷氧基取代的苯基。
一些实施方案中,M为任选地被1或2个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基、羟基、C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤代C1-4烷基或卤代C1-4烷氧基取代的苯基。
另一些实施方案中,M为任选地被1、2、3、4或5个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基、羟基、-CH3、-CH2CH3、-CH2CH2CH3、-CH(CH3)2、-CH2CH2CH2CH3、-C(CH3)3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-OCH2CH2CH3、-OCH(CH3)2、-OCH2CH2CH2CH3、-OC(CH3)3、-CHF2、-CF3或-OCF3取代的苯基。
另一些实施方案中,M为任选地被1或2个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基、羟基、-CH3、-CH2CH3、-CH2CH2CH3、-CH(CH3)2、-CH2CH2CH2CH3、-C(CH3)3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-OCH2CH2CH3、-OCH(CH3)2、-OCH2CH2CH2CH3、-OC(CH3)3、-CHF2、-CF3或-OCF3取代的苯基。
一些实施方案中,本发明提供一种化合物,其为具有式(II)所示的化合物或具有式(II)所示的化合物的氮氧化物、盐、(Z)型异构体、(E)型异构体或(Z)型异构体和(E)型异构体的混合物:
其中,A和M具有本发明式(I)中相应的取代基所述的含义。
另一些实施方案中,本发明提供一种化合物,其为具有式(II-1)所示的化合物或具有式(II-1)所示的化合物的立体异构体、氮氧化物或其盐:
其中,A和M具有本发明式(I)或式(II)中相应的取代基所述的含义。
本申请的发明人发现,式(II)或式(II-1)所述的化合物中,当M相同,A为 时,其对黄瓜霜霉病的防效更加优异,如实施例1在12.5mg/L的剂量下,对黄瓜霜霉病的防效为98%,实施例25在12.5mg/L的剂量下,对黄瓜霜霉病的防效为95%,而实施例58在12.5mg/L的剂量下,对黄瓜霜霉病的防效为70%;
实施例2在12.5mg/L的剂量下,对黄瓜霜霉病的防效为80%,实施例26在12.5mg/L的剂量下,对黄瓜霜霉病的防效为90%,而在12.5mg/L的剂量下,实施例48和实施例64对黄瓜霜霉病的防效均为0%;
实施例27、实施例36在12.5mg/L的剂量下,对黄瓜霜霉病的防效均为85%,而实施例46、实施例62在12.5mg/L的剂量下,对黄瓜霜霉病的防效分别为45%、0%;
实施例28在3.125mg/L的剂量下,对黄瓜霜霉病的防效为80%;而实施例52、实施例67在3.125mg/L的剂量下,对黄瓜霜霉病的防效为0%、10%。
一些实施方案中,M为以下子结构式:
又一方面,本发明提供一种化合物,其为具有下列之一结构的化合物或具有下列之一结构化合物的氮氧化物、盐、(Z)型异构体、(E)型异构体或(Z)型异构体和(E)型异构体的混合物:
除非其他方面表明,本发明所述化合物所有的立体异构体、互变异构体,消旋体,水合物,溶剂化物,代谢产物,代谢前体和前药也都属于本发明的范围。
本发明式(I)所示的化合物,表示式(I)所示的化合物的(Z)体异构体、(E)体异构体及(Z)体异构体和(E)体异构体的混合物;
其中,式(I)所示的化合物的(Z)体异构体为式(I-1)所示的化合物:式(I)所示的化合物的(E)体异构体为为式(I-2)所示的化合物:
本发明式(II)所示的化合物,表示式(II)所示的化合物的(Z)体异构体、(E)体异构体及(Z)体异构体和(E)体异构体的混合物;
其中,式(II)所示的化合物的(Z)体异构体为式(II-1)所示的化合物: 式(II)所示的化合物的(E)体异构体为式(II-2)所示的化合物:
其中,式(I)所示的化合物的(Z)体异构体、(E)体异构体及(Z)体异构体和(E)体异构体的混合物,式(II)所示的化合物的(Z)体异构体、(E)体异构体及(Z)体异构体和(E)体异构体的混合物,均包含在本发明中。
其中式(I)所示的化合物的(Z)体异构体、(E)体异构体及(Z)体异构体和(E)体异构体的混合物,式(II)所示的化合物的(Z)体异构体、(E)体异构体及(Z)体异构体和(E)体异构体的混合物均可以通过核磁共振氢谱、高效液相色谱法和/或单晶培养等常规方法进行结构确认。
另一方面,本发明提供一种组合物,其包含至少一种本发明所述的化合物和农药学上可接受的辅料。
具体地,本发明提供一种组合物,其包含至少一种本发明所述的化合物和农药学上可接受的辅料,所述的辅料为表面活性剂和/或载体。
又另一方面,本发明提供本发明所述的化合物或本发明所述的组合物防治由真菌引起的植物病害的应用。
具体地,本发明提供本发明所述的化合物或本发明所述的组合物防治黄瓜霜霉病的应用。
又另一方面,本发明提供一种防治植物病害的方法,该方法包含将本发明所述的化合物和/或本发明所述的组合物施用于致病真菌和/或其环境、或者植物、植物部位、种子、土壤、区域、材料或空间中。
本发明的详细说明
定义和一般术语
现在详细描述本发明的某些实施方案,其实例由随附的结构式和化学式说明。本发明意图涵盖所有的替代、修改和等同技术方案,它们均包括在如权利要求定义的本发明范围内。本领域技术人员应认识到,许多与本发明所述类似或等同的方法和材料能够用于实践本发明。本发明绝不限于本发明所述的方法和材料。在所结合的文献、专利和类似材料的一篇或多篇与本申请不同或相矛盾的情况下(包括但不限于所定义的术语、术语应用、所描述的技术,等等),以本申请为准。
应进一步认识到,本发明的某些特征,为清楚可见,在多个独立的实施方案中进行了描述,但也可以在单个实施例中以组合形式提供。反之,本发明的各种特征,为简洁起见,在单个实施方案中进行了描述,但也可以单独或以任意适合的子组合提供。
除非另外说明,本发明所使用的所有科技术语具有与本发明所属领域技术人员的通常理解相同的含义。本发明涉及的所有专利和公开出版物通过引用方式整体并入本发明。
除非另外说明,应当应用本发明所使用的下列定义。出于本发明的目的,化学元素与元素周期表CAS版,和《化学和物理手册》,第75版,1994一致。此外,有机化学一般原理可参考"Organic Chemistry",Thomas Sorrell,University Science Books,Sausalito:1999,和"March's Advanced Organic Chemistry"by Michael B.Smith and JerryMarch,John Wiley&Sons,New York:2007中的描述,其全部内容通过引用并入本发明。
除非另有说明或者上下文中有明显的冲突,本发明所使用的冠词“一”、“一个(种)”和“所述”旨在包括“至少一个”或“一个或多个”。因此,本发明所使用的这些冠词是指一个或多于一个(即至少一个)宾语的冠词。例如,“一组分”指一个或多个组分,即可能有多于一个的组分被考虑在所述实施方案的实施方式中采用或使用。
术语“包含”为开放式表达,即包括本发明所指明的内容,但并不排除其他方面的内容。
“立体异构体”是指具有相同化学构造,但原子或基团在空间上排列方式不同的化合物。立体异构体包括对映异构体、非对映异构体、构象异构体(旋转异构体)、几何异构体(顺/反)异构体、阻转异构体,等等。
“对映异构体”是指一个化合物的两个不能重叠但互成镜像关系的异构体。
“非对映异构体”是指有两个或多个手性中性并且其分子不互为镜像的立体异构体。非对映异构体具有不同的物理性质,如熔点、沸点、光谱性质和反应性。非对映异构体混合物可通过高分辨分析操作如电泳和色谱,例如HPLC来分离。
本发明所使用的立体化学定义和规则一般遵循S.P.Parker,Ed.,McGraw-HillDictionary of Chemical Terms(1984)McGraw-Hill Book Company,New York;andEliel,E.and Wilen,S.,“Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds”,John Wiley&Sons,Inc.,New York,1994中的描述。
许多有机化合物以光学活性形式存在,即它们具有使平面偏振光的平面发生旋转的能力。在描述光学活性化合物时,使用前缀D和L或R和S来表示分子关于其一个或多个手性中心的绝对构型。前缀d和l或(+)和(-)是用于指定化合物所致平面偏振光旋转的符号,其中(-)或l表示化合物是左旋的。前缀为(+)或d的化合物是右旋的。一种具体的立体异构体是对映异构体,这种异构体的混合物称作对映异构体混合物。对映异构体的50:50混合物称为外消旋混合物或外消旋体,当在化学反应或过程中没有立体选择性或立体特异性时,可出现这种情况。
本发明公开化合物的任何不对称原子(例如,碳等)都可以以外消旋或对映体富集的形式存在,例如(R)-、(S)-或(R,S)-构型形式存在。在某些实施方案中,各不对称原子在(R)-或(S)-构型方面具有至少50%对映体过量,至少60%对映体过量,至少70%对映体过量,至少80%对映体过量,至少90%对映体过量,至少95%对映体过量,或至少99%对映体过量。
依据起始物料和方法的选择,本发明化合物可以以可能的异构体中的一个或它们的混合物,例如外消旋体和非对应异构体混合物(这取决于不对称碳原子的数量)的形式存在。光学活性的(R)-或(S)-异构体可使用手性合成子或手性试剂制备,或使用常规技术拆分。如果化合物含有一个双键,取代基可能为E或Z构型;如果化合物中含有二取代的环烷基,环烷基的取代基可能有顺式或反式构型。
所得的任何立体异构体的混合物可以依据组分物理化学性质上的差异被分离成纯的或基本纯的几何异构体,对映异构体,非对映异构体,例如,通过色谱法和/或分步结晶法。
可以用已知的方法将任何所得终产物或中间体的外消旋体通过本领域技术人员熟悉的方法拆分成光学对映体,如,通过对获得的其非对映异构的盐进行分离。外消旋的产物也可以通过手性色谱来分离,如,使用手性吸附剂的高效液相色谱(HPLC)。特别地,对映异构体可以通过不对称合成制备。
像本发明所描述的,本发明的化合物可以任选地被一个或多个取代基所取代,如上面的通式化合物,或者像实施例里面特殊的例子,子类,和本发明所包含的一类化合物。应了解“任选取代的”这个术语与“取代或非取代的”这个术语可以交换使用。一般而言,术语“取代的”表示所给结构中的一个或多个氢原子被具体取代基所取代。除非其他方面表明,一个任选的取代基团可以在基团各个可取代的位置进行取代。当所给出的结构式中不只一个位置能被选自具体基团的一个或多个取代基所取代,那么取代基可以相同或不同地在各个位置取代。具体地,“一个或多个”的实例是指1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10个。其中所述的取代基可以是,但并不限于,氘,氟,氯,溴,碘,氰基,羟基,硝基,氨基,羧基,烷基,烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,烷氧基烷氧基,烷氧基烷氨基,芳氧基,杂芳基氧基,杂环基氧基,芳基烷氧基,杂芳基烷氧基,杂环基烷氧基,环烷基烷氧基,烷氨基,烷氨基烷基,烷氨基烷氨基,环烷基氨基,环烷基烷氨基,烷硫基,卤代烷基,卤代烷氧基,羟基取代的烷基,羟基取代的烷氨基,氰基取代的烷基,氰基取代的烷氧基,氰基取代的烷氨基,氨基取代的烷基,烷基酰基,杂烷基,环烷基,环烯基,环烷基烷基,杂环基,杂环基烷基,杂环基酰基,芳基,芳基烷基,芳氨基,杂芳基,杂芳基烷基,杂芳基氨基,酰胺基,磺酰基,氨基磺酰基等等。
另外,需要说明的是,除非以其他方式明确指出,在本发明中所采用的描述方式“各…独立地为”与“…各自独立地为”和“…独立地为”可以互换,均应做广义理解,其既可以是指在不同基团中,相同符号之间所表达的具体选项之间互相不影响,也可以表示在相同的基团中,相同符号之间所表达的具体选项之间互相不影响。
在本说明书的各部分,本发明公开化合物的取代基按照基团种类或范围公开。特别指出,本发明包括这些基团种类和范围的各个成员的每一个独立的次级组合。例如,术语“C1-C6烷基”或“C1-6烷基”特别指独立公开的甲基、乙基、C3烷基、C4烷基、C5烷基和C6烷基。
本发明使用的术语“烷基”或“烷基基团”,表示含有1至20个碳原子,饱和的直链或支链一价烃基基团;其中所述烷基基团任选地被一个或多个本发明描述的取代基所取代。除非另外详细说明,烷基基团含有1-20个碳原子。在一实施方案中,烷基基团含有1-12个碳原子;在一实施方案中,烷基基团含有1-8个碳原子;在另一实施方案中,烷基基团含有1-6个碳原子;在又一实施方案中,烷基基团含有1-4个碳原子;还在一实施方案中,烷基基团含有1-3个碳原子。
烷基基团的实例包含,但并不限于,甲基(Me、-CH3),乙基(Et、-CH2CH3),正丙基(n-Pr、-CH2CH2CH3),异丙基(i-Pr、-CH(CH3)2),正丁基(n-Bu、-CH2CH2CH2CH3),异丁基(i-Bu、-CH2CH(CH3)2),仲丁基(s-Bu、-CH(CH3)CH2CH3),叔丁基(t-Bu、-C(CH3)3),正戊基(-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3),2-戊基(-CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3),3-戊基(-CH(CH2CH3)2),2-甲基-2-丁基(-C(CH3)2CH2CH3),3-甲基-2-丁基(-CH(CH3)CH(CH3)2),3-甲基-1-丁基(-CH2CH2CH(CH3)2),2-甲基-1-丁基(-CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3),等等。
术语“烷氧基”表示烷基基团通过氧原子与分子其余部分相连,其中烷基基团具有如本发明所述的含义。烷氧基基团的实例包括,但并不限于,甲氧基(MeO、-OCH3),乙氧基(EtO、-OCH2CH3),1-丙氧基(n-PrO、n-丙氧基、-OCH2CH2CH3),2-丙氧基(i-PrO、i-丙氧基、-OCH(CH3)2)等等。
术语“卤代烷基”表示烷基基团被一个或多个卤素原子所取代,这样的实例包含,但并不限于,-CF3,-CHF2,-CH2Cl,-CH2CF3,-CH2CHF2,-CH2CH2CF3等。
术语“卤代烷氧基”表示烷氧基基团被一个或多个卤素原子所取代,这样的实例包含,但并不限于,-OCF3,-OCHF2,-OCHCl2,-OCH2CHF2,-OCH2CHCl2,-OCH(CH3)CHF2等。
本发明所述化合物的盐,包括衍生自碱金属或碱土金属的那些以及衍生自氨和胺的那些。优选的阳离子包括钠、钾、镁以及具有化学式N+(RARBRCRD)的铵阳离子,其中RA、RB、RC和RD独立地选自氢、C1-C6烷基和C1-C6羟基烷基。本发明所述的化合物的盐可以通过用金属氢氧化物(例如氢氧化钠)或胺(例如氨、三甲胺、二乙醇胺、2-甲硫基丙胺、双烯丙基胺、2-丁氧基乙胺、吗啉、环十二胺或苄胺)对本发明所述的化合物进行处理来制备。
当本发明的化合物包含一个碱部分时,可接受的盐可以由有机酸和无机酸形成,例如乙酸、丙酸、乳酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、马来酸、丙二酸、扁桃酸、苹果酸、邻苯二甲酸、盐酸、氢溴酸、磷酸、硝酸、硫酸、甲磺酸、萘磺酸、苯磺酸、甲苯磺酸、樟脑磺酸以及类似地已知可接受的酸。
本发明化合物的组合物和制剂
本发明的化合物一般可用作组合物或制剂中的杀真菌剂活性成分,通常还包括农药学上可接受的表面活性剂和/或载体。
上述表面活性剂可以为农药制剂领域所公知的各种表面活性剂,如阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂和两性表面活性剂,嵌段聚合物,聚电解质,以及它们的混合物。该类表面活性剂可以用作乳化剂、分散剂、润湿剂、渗透促进剂或辅助剂。
合适的阴离子表面活性剂是磺酸、硫酸、磷酸、羧酸的碱金属、碱土金属或铵盐以及它们的混合物。磺酸盐的实例是烷基芳基磺酸盐、二苯基磺酸盐、α-烯烃磺酸盐、木素磺酸盐、脂肪酸和油的磺酸盐、乙氧基化烷基酚的磺酸盐、烷氧基化芳基酚的磺酸盐、缩合萘的磺酸盐、十二烷基-和十三烷基苯的磺酸盐、萘和烷基萘的磺酸盐、磺基琥珀酸盐或磺基琥珀酰胺酸盐。硫酸盐的实例是脂肪酸和油的硫酸盐、乙氧基化烷基酚的硫酸盐、醇的硫酸盐、乙氧基化醇的硫酸盐或脂肪酸酯的硫酸盐。磷酸盐的实例是磷酸盐酯。羧酸盐的实例是烷基羧酸盐以及羧化醇或烷基酚乙氧基化物。
合适的非离子表面活性剂是烷氧基化物,N-取代的脂肪酸酰胺,胺氧化物,酯类,糖基表面活性剂,聚合物表面活性剂及其混合物。烷氧基化物的实例是诸如已经被1-50当量烷氧基化的醇、烷基酚、胺、酰胺、芳基酚、脂肪酸或脂肪酸酯的化合物。可以将氧化乙烯和/或氧化丙烯用于烷氧基化,优选氧化乙烯。N-取代的脂肪酸酰胺的实例是脂肪酸葡糖酰胺或脂肪酸链烷醇酰胺。酯类的实例是脂肪酸酯,甘油酯或甘油单酯。糖基表面活性剂的实例是脱水山梨醇、乙氧基化脱水山梨醇、蔗糖和葡萄糖酯或烷基聚葡糖苷。聚合物表面活性剂的实例是乙烯基吡咯烷酮、乙烯醇或乙酸乙烯酯的均聚物或共聚物。
合适的阳离子表面活性剂是季型表面活性剂,例如具有1或2个疏水性基团的季铵化合物,或长链伯胺的盐。合适的两性表面活性剂是烷基甜菜碱和咪唑啉类。合适的嵌段聚合物是包含聚氧乙烯和聚氧丙烯的嵌段的A-B或A-B-A类型嵌段聚合物,或包含链烷醇、聚氧乙烯和聚氧丙烯的A-B-C类型嵌段聚合物。合适的聚电解质是聚酸或聚碱。聚酸的实例是聚丙烯酸的碱金属盐或聚酸梳状聚合物。聚碱的实例是聚乙烯基胺或聚乙烯胺。
上述载体可以为农药制剂领域所公知的各种载体,包括各种硅酸盐类、碳酸盐类、硫酸盐类、氧化物类、磷酸盐类、植物载体类、合成载体类。具体地,例如:白炭黑、高岭土、硅藻土、粘土、滑石、有机膨润土、浮石、二氧化钛、糊精、纤维素粉、轻质碳酸钙、可溶性淀粉、玉米淀粉、锯末粉、尿素、胺肥、尿素和胺肥的混合物、葡萄糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖、无水碳酸钾、无水碳酸钠、无水碳酸氢钾、无水碳酸氢钠、凹凸棒土、无水碳酸钾与无水碳酸氢钾的混合物和无水碳酸钠与无水碳酸氢钠的混合物中的一种或多种。
根据本发明的杀真菌剂组合物,该杀真菌剂组合物还可以含有农药制剂领域所常用的各种制剂用助剂,具体地,该制剂用助剂可以为溶剂、助溶剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、囊材、保护剂、消泡剂、崩解剂、稳定剂、防腐剂、粘合剂、螯合剂中的一种或多种。
合适的溶剂是水和有机溶剂,如中到高沸点的矿物油馏分,例如煤油、柴油;植物或动物来源的油;脂族、环状和芳族烃类,例如甲苯、石蜡、四氢萘、烷基化萘;醇类,如乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、苄醇、环己醇;二醇类;DMSO;酮类,例如环己酮;酯类,例如乳酸酯、碳酸酯、脂肪酸酯、γ-丁内酯;脂肪酸;膦酸酯;胺类;酰胺类,例如N-甲基吡咯烷酮,脂肪酸二甲基酰胺;以及它们的混合物。
上述溶剂也可以作为助溶剂使用。
合适的增稠剂选自多糖(例如黄原胶、羧甲基纤维素)、无机粘土(有机改性或未改性的)、聚羧酸盐和硅酸盐。
合适的防冻剂选自乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、尿素、甘油及其它们的混合物。
合适的囊材选自聚氨酯、聚脲、脲醛树脂及其它们的混合物。
合适的保护剂选自聚乙烯醇和/或聚乙二醇。
合适的消泡剂选自聚硅氧烷、硅酮乳、长链醇、脂肪酸及其盐、以及含氟有机物及其它们的混合物。
合适的崩解剂选自膨润土、尿素、硫酸铵、氯化铝、柠檬酸、丁二酸、碳酸氢钠及其它们的混合物
合适的稳定剂选自亚磷酸三苯酯、环氧氯丙烷、醋酐及其它们的混合物。
合适的防腐剂选自苯甲酸、苯甲酸钠、1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮(简称BIT)、卡松、山梨酸钾及其它们的混合物。
合适的粘合剂选自聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸酯、生物蜡或合成蜡以及纤维素醚。
本发明所述杀真菌剂可以以其制剂形式或由其制备的使用形式施用,所述使用形式例如气溶胶、胶囊悬浮剂、冷雾浓缩剂(cold-fogging concentrate)、热雾浓缩剂、胶囊化的颗粒剂、细颗粒剂、用于种子处理的流动性浓缩剂(flowable concentrate)、即用型溶液、可撒粉的粉剂、可乳化的浓缩剂、水包油乳剂、油包水乳剂、大颗粒剂、微颗粒剂、油分散性粉末剂、油混溶性流动浓缩剂、油混溶性液体、气剂(在压力下)、产气产品、泡沫剂、糊剂、悬浮浓缩剂、悬乳浓缩剂、可溶性浓缩剂、混悬剂、可湿性粉剂、可溶性粉剂、粉剂和颗粒剂、水溶性和水分散性的颗粒剂或片剂、用于种子处理的水溶性或水分散性粉剂,可湿性粉剂、经活性物质浸渍的天然产物及合成物质,以及聚合物和种子包衣材料中的微胶囊,以及ULV(ultra low volume)冷雾和热雾制剂。上述使用形式均可由本领域的常规手段制备得到。
本发明化合物及组合物的应用
本发明的化合物可用作植物病害控制剂。因此,本发明还可包括用于控制由植物病原真菌引起的植物病害的方法,所述方法包括向待保护植物或其部分或向待保护植物种子施用有效量的本发明的化合物或包含所述化合物的杀真菌组合物。本发明的化合物和/或组合物可对由担子菌纲、子囊菌纲、卵菌纲和半知菌纲广谱植物病原真菌引起的病害提供控制。它们可有效地控制广谱植物病害,尤其是观赏作物、草坪作物、蔬菜作物、大田作物、谷类作物和果树作物的叶片病原体。这些病原体包括:卵菌纲,包括疫霉属(Phytophthora)病害诸如致病疫霉菌(Phytophthora infestans)、大豆疫霉病菌(Phytophthora megasperma)、柑桔脚腐病菌(Phytophthora parasitica)、樟疫霉菌(Phytophthora cinnamomi)和南瓜疫病菌(Phytophthora capsici)的病害,草腐霉枯萎属(Pythium)物种病害诸如坪草腐霉枯萎病菌(Pythium aphanidermatum)的病害,以及霜霉科(Peronosporaceae)物种病害诸如葡萄霜霉病菌(Plasmopara viticola),霜霉属病害(Peronospora spp.)(包括烟草霜霉菌(Peronospora tabacina)和寄生霜霉菌(Peronospora parasitica)),假霜霉属(Pseudoperonospora spp.)病害(包括黄瓜霜霉病菌(Pseudoperonospora cubensis)和盘梗霉菌病菌(Bremia lactucae));子囊菌(包括链格孢属(Alternaria)病菌如番茄早疫病菌(Alternaria solani)和甘蓝黑斑病菌(Alternaria brassicae),球座菌属(Guignardia)病害如葡萄黑腐病菌(Guignardiabidwell),黑星菌属(Venturia)病害如苹果黑星病菌(Venturia inaequalis),壳针孢属(Septoria)病害如颖枯病菌(Septoria nodorum)和叶枯病菌(Septoria tritici),白粉(powdery mildew)病害如白粉菌属病菌(Erysiphe spp.)(包括小麦白粉病菌(Erysiphegraminis)和萝白粉病菌(Erysiphe polygoni))、葡萄白粉病菌(Uncinula necatur)、黄瓜白粉病菌(Sphaerotheca fuligena)和苹果白粉病菌(Podosphaera leucotricha)、小麦基腐病菌(Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides),灰霉菌属(Botrytis)病害如草莓灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)、桃褐腐病菌(Monilinia fructicola),菌核菌属(Sclerotinia)病害如油菜菌核病菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)、稻瘟病菌(Magnaporthe grisea)、葡萄枝枯病菌(Phomopsis viticola),蠕形菌属(Helminthosporium)病害如玉米大斑病菌(Helminthosporium tritici repentis)、网纹病菌(Pyrenophora teres),炭疽病菌如黑果病菌(Glomerella)或炭疽菌属(Colletotrichum spp.)病害(如粱炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum graminicola)和西瓜炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum orbiculare)),和小麦全蚀病菌(Gaeumannomyces graminis);担子菌,包括由锈菌属(Puccinia spp.)造成的锈菌病害(如隐匿柄锈菌(Puccinia recondita)、条锈菌(Puccinia striiformis)、叶锈菌(Puccinia hordei)、杆锈菌(Puccinia graminis)和柄锈菌(Puccinia arachidis)),咖啡锈菌(Hemileia vastatrix)和大豆锈菌(Phakopsora pachyrhizi);其它病原体包括丝核菌属物种(Rhizoctonia spp.)(如立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani));镰刀菌属(Fusarium)物种病害诸如粉红镰刀菌(Fusarium roseum)、禾谷镰刀菌(Fusariumgraminearum)和尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum);大丽轮枝菌(Verticilliumdahliae);白绢菌(Sclerotium rolfsii);云纹菌(Rynchosporium secalis);黑涩病菌(Cercosporidium personatum)、黑斑病菌(Cercospora arachidicola)和褐斑病菌(Cercospora beticola);以及其它与这些病原体密切相关的类别和菌种。除了它们的杀真菌活性之外,所述组合物或组合还对细菌诸如梨火疫病菌(Erwinia amylovora)、野油菜黄单胞菌(Xanthomonas campestris)、丁香假单胞菌(Pseudomonas syringae)以及其它菌种具有抵抗活性。
本发明的杀真菌剂组合物的使用方法简单,在植物病害萌发之前或萌发之后,向作物及作物生长的场所按常规方法施用,如拌土、喷雾、喷射、浇注等,其施用量根据气候条件或作物状态而定,一般情况下每亩施用10-5000g,稀释成10-400mg/L(优选为100-300mg/L)施用。稀释剂优选为水。
本发明的杀真菌剂组合物,其杀真菌效果通常与外界因素如气候有关,但通过使用适当的剂型可以减缓气候的影响。
本发明的组合物还可与其它具有杀菌、杀虫或除草性能的化合物混合使用,也可与杀线虫剂、杀螨剂、防护剂、除草安全剂、生长调节剂、植物营养素或土壤调节剂等混合使用。
一般合成过程
在本说明书中,如果在化学名称和化学结构间存在任何差异,结构是占优的。一般地,本发明的化合物可以通过本发明所描述的方法制备得到,除非有进一步的说明,其中各取代基的定义如本发明所述。
所属领域的技术人员将认识到:本发明所描述的化学反应可以用来合适地制备许多本发明的其他化合物,且用于制备本发明的化合物的其它方法都被认为是在本发明的范围之内。例如,根据本发明那些非例证的化合物的合成可以成功地被所属领域的技术人员通过修饰方法完成,如适当的保护干扰基团,通过利用其他已知的试剂(除了本发明所描述的),或将反应条件做一些常规的修改。另外,本发明所公开的反应或已知的反应条件也公认地适用于本发明其他化合物的制备。另外,在一些实施方案中,如无特殊说明,本发明所述的反应是在室温下进行,其中室温为0~35℃。
本发明核磁共振氢谱的测试条件是:室温条件下,布鲁克(Bruker)400MHz或600MHz的核磁仪,以CDC13,d6-DMSO,CD3OD或d6-丙酮为溶剂(报导以ppm为单位),用TMS(0ppm)或氯仿(7.26ppm)作为参照标准。当出现多重峰的时候,将使用下面的缩写:s(singlet,单峰),d(doublet,双峰),t(triplet,三重峰),q(quartet,四重峰),m(multiplet,多重峰),br(broadened,宽峰),dd(doublet of doublets,双二重峰),dt(doublet of triplets,双三重峰)。偶合常数,用赫兹(Hz)表示。
本发明所用质谱测试条件为:低分辨率质谱(MS)数据测定的条件是:Agilent6120Quadrupole HPLC-MS(柱子型号:Zorbax SB-C18,2.1x 30mm,3.5μm,6min,流速为0.6mL/min,流动相:5%-95%(含0.1%甲酸的CH3CN)在(含0.1%甲酸的H2O)中的比例)),在210/254nm用UV检测,用电喷雾电离模式(ESI)。
下列合成方案描述了制备本发明公开化合物的步骤。
合成方案
合成方案一
式(II-1)所示的目标化合物可以通过合成方案一制备得到。中间体T与化合物a在碱性条件(如碳酸钾、碳酸铯等)下发生缩合反应,得到式(II-1)所示的目标化合物;
其中,A和M具有本发明所述的含义。
实施例
中间体1:(Z)-(1-甲基-1H-四唑-5-基)(苯基)甲酮肟的合成
步骤A:N-甲基-2-氧代-2-苯乙酰胺的合成
0℃条件下,将苯甲酰甲酸甲酯(164g,1mol)溶于甲醇(500mL)中,并逐滴加入甲胺水溶液(101g,1.3mol),滴加完毕,移至室温搅拌反应2小时。减压除去溶剂,加乙酸乙酯(300mL)稀释,依次经水(200mL),1N氢氧化钠(200mL),1N盐酸(200mL)和饱和食盐水(200mL)洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥,减压浓缩得130g淡黄色固体,产率:80%。
步骤B:(Z)-N-甲基-2-氧代-2-苯基亚氨代乙酰氯的合成
0℃条件下,将N-甲基-2-氧代-2-苯乙酰胺(65g,0.4mol)溶于DMF(2.9g,0.04mol)和氯仿(500mL)混合溶液中,并逐滴加入二氯亚砜(71.4g,0.6mol),滴加完毕,移至室温搅拌反应2小时,然后加热回流反应过夜。减压除去溶剂,加入甲苯(100mL)稀释,并在室温下搅拌过夜,减压浓缩得70g棕色油状液体,产率:96%。
步骤C:(1-甲基-1H-四唑-5-基)(苯基)甲酮的合成
室温下,将叠氮化钠(6.5g,100mmol)和四丁基溴化铵(1.62g,5mmol)溶于甲苯(20mL)和水(20mL)的混合溶液中,滴加(Z)-N-甲基-2-氧代-2-苯基亚氨代乙酰氯(18.2g,100mmol)的甲苯溶液(60mL),滴加完毕,室温搅拌反应2小时,加入甲苯(20mL)稀释,经水(100mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(100mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压浓缩得15.4g棕色油状液体,产率:85%。
步骤D:(Z)-(1-甲基-1H-四唑-5-基)(苯基)甲酮肟的合成
室温下,将(1-甲基-1H-四唑-5-基)(苯基)甲酮(15g,80mmol)和盐酸羟胺(11.1g,160mmol)溶于乙醇(100mL)中,升温至48℃,搅拌反应12小时,减压除去溶剂,加水(100mL)稀释,乙酸乙酯(50mL x 3)萃取,有机相以饱和食盐水(100mL)洗涤,合并有机相,减压浓缩,残留物经柱层析[石油醚/乙酸乙酯(v/v)=4/1],得到5.6g浅黄色固体,产率:34%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ10.48(s,1H),7.41(dd,J=12.9,7.2Hz,3H),7.32(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),3.97(s,3H);
LC-MS:m/z 204.1[M+H]+。
实施例1:(Z)-(1-甲基-1H-四唑-5-基)(苯基)甲酮O-((4-苯基噻唑-2-基)甲基)肟的合成
步骤A:2-甲基-4-苯基噻唑的合成
在250mL圆底烧瓶将2-溴苯乙酮(1.99g,10mmol)溶于乙醇(50mL)中,加入硫代乙酰胺(751mg,10mmol),升温至回流,12小时后,经TLC确认反应进行完全,停止加热,用氨水调节pH至碱性,加入(100mL)乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相用饱和食盐水洗涤(50mL x 5),减压除去溶剂,残留物经柱层析分离[石油醚/乙酸乙酯(v/v)=10/1],得到白色固体1.69g,产率96%。
步骤B:2-(溴甲基)-4-苯基噻唑的合成
在250mL圆底烧瓶将2-甲基-4-苯基噻唑(1.69g,9.64mmol)溶于四氯化碳(80mL)中,加入N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺(NBS)(658mg,3.8mmol)和偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)(316.70mg,1.93mmol),升温至回流,4h后,经TLC确认反应进行完全,停止加热,加入一定量的二氯甲烷(100mL),用饱和食盐水洗涤(50mL x 5),减压除去溶剂,残留物经柱层析分离[石油醚/乙酸乙酯(v/v)=10/1],得到淡黄色固体600mg,产率19%.。
步骤C:(Z)-(1-甲基-1H-四唑-5-基)(苯基)甲酮O-((4-苯基噻唑-2-基)甲基)肟的合成
在100mL圆底烧瓶中加入2-(溴甲基)-4-苯基噻唑(600mg,2.36mmol),(Z)-(1-甲基-1H-四唑-5-基)(苯基)甲酮肟(479mg,2.36mmol)和碳酸钾(326mg,2.36mmol),再加入DMF(20mL),室温反应5h后,经TLC确认反应进行完全,加水(50mL)淬灭反应,再用乙酸乙酯萃取(30mL x 3),饱和食盐水洗涤(50mL),合并有机相后,浓缩、柱层析[石油醚/乙酸乙酯(v/v)=5/1],得到淡黄色固体500mg,产率56%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ(ppm):7.88(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.56(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.50(s,1H),7.46-7.39(m,6H),5.59(s,2H),3.99(s,3H);
LC-MS:m/z 377.1[M+H]+。
采用相应的原料及条件,通过实施例1或现有技术中的制备方法进行制备,即可得到表1中的目标化合物。
表1
活性测试
本测试例用于测定实施例中制得的化合物的杀菌活性。本测试例中的试验靶标为黄瓜霜霉病菌。用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶解成1%EC备用。采用活体盆栽法,评价这些化合物在不同剂量下(如50mg/L,25mg/L,12.5mg/L,6.25mg/L,3.125mg/L等剂量下)对试验靶标的杀菌活性。试验方法采用创制农药生物活性评价SOP(杀菌剂卷)。
黄瓜霜霉病菌(Pseudoperonospora cubensis):
选择1张真叶期(摘去生长点)长势一致的盆栽黄瓜苗,喷雾处理后自然晾干,处理后24h后进行接种,取新鲜黄瓜霜霉病病叶,用毛笔蘸取蒸馏水洗下病叶背面孢子囊,配成孢子囊悬浮液(2-3×105个/mL)。用接种喷雾器(压力0.1MPa)在黄瓜苗上均匀喷雾接种,接种后的试材移至人工气候室,保持相对湿度100%,温度为21℃左右,24h后保持温度21℃左右,相对湿度95%左右保湿诱发,5d后视空白对照发病情况进行分级调查,按病指计算防效。
测试结果显示:在50mg/L浓度下,实施例1、实施例2、实施例4、实施例5、实施例6、实施例10、实施例12、实施例13、实施例15、实施例16、实施例17、实施例18、实施例19、实施例46、实施例47、实施例50、实施例53、实施例56、实施例58、实施例60、实施例61、实施例66、实施例67、实施例68对黄瓜霜霉病的防效为80~100%;
在12.5mg/L浓度下,实施例1、实施例2、实施例4、实施例17、实施例25、实施例26、实施例27、实施例28、实施例29、实施例30、实施例32、实施例33、实施例34、实施例35、实施例36、实施例38、实施例41、实施例42、实施例43对黄瓜霜霉病的防效为80~100%;
在3.125mg/L浓度下,实施例28、实施例43对黄瓜霜霉病的防效为80~100%。
由上述试验结果可知本发明化合物对植物病原性真菌,尤其是对黄瓜霜霉病菌具有良好的防治效果,具备进一步研发的价值。
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式,但是,本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节,在本发明的技术构思范围内,可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种化合物,其为具有式(I)所示的化合物或具有式(I)所示的化合物的盐:
其中,
Q为
其中,Ra、Rb、Rc、Rd和Re各自独立地为氢;
T为
其中,Rf和Rg各自独立地为甲基;
A为
其中,以“#”和“*”表示的A的两个连接端中,“#”连接端与-CH2-相连接,“*”连接端与M相连接,
M为以下子结构式:
2.一种化合物,其为具有下列之一结构的化合物或具有下列之一结构化合物的盐:
3.一种组合物,包含权利要求1-2任意一项所述的化合物和农药学上可接受的辅料。
4.权利要求1-2任意一项所述的化合物或权利要求3所述的组合物防治由真菌引起的植物病害的应用,其中所述植物病害为黄瓜霜霉病。
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