CN112951190B - Variable cross-section pipeline low-frequency broadband vibration damper based on acoustic metamaterial - Google Patents
Variable cross-section pipeline low-frequency broadband vibration damper based on acoustic metamaterial Download PDFInfo
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- CN112951190B CN112951190B CN202110189706.7A CN202110189706A CN112951190B CN 112951190 B CN112951190 B CN 112951190B CN 202110189706 A CN202110189706 A CN 202110189706A CN 112951190 B CN112951190 B CN 112951190B
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- section pipeline
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/02—Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
- F16L55/033—Noise absorbers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention aims to provide a variable cross-section pipeline low-frequency broadband vibration damper based on an acoustic metamaterial, which comprises a first variable cross-section pipeline, a straight pipe section pipeline and a second variable cross-section pipeline, wherein two ends of the straight pipe section pipeline are respectively connected with the first variable cross-section pipeline and the second variable cross-section pipeline, the diameters of the first variable cross-section pipeline and the second variable cross-section pipeline are increased along the direction departing from the straight pipe section pipeline so as to form a minimum cross section close to one end of the straight pipe section pipeline and a maximum cross section far away from one end of the straight pipe section pipeline, a local oscillator is arranged on the outer wall of the straight pipe section pipeline along the circumferential direction, the local oscillator comprises a local oscillator mass unit and a local oscillator elastic unit, and the local oscillator elastic unit is clamped between the straight pipe section pipeline and the local oscillator mass unit. The local oscillator elastic unit is combined with the local oscillator mass unit, so that a broadband low-frequency band gap is formed. The elastic unit and the mass unit are arranged in the radial direction and the axial direction, and can reduce torsional vibration, radial vibration and axial vibration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vibration damper, in particular to a pipeline vibration damper.
Background
The research on acoustic metamaterials has originated from local resonance-type phononic crystals. The concept of a local resonance type phononic crystal was first proposed in 2000. The simple local resonance type phononic crystal model can be constructed by artificially arranging the local resonance units in the elastic medium periodically, and research shows that the local resonance type phononic crystal model can form a low-frequency band gap in a certain special range. The concept of acoustic metamaterials was first proposed by 2004. A novel phononic crystal formed by embedding a soft silicon rubber scatterer into water can show special acoustic parameter characteristics in a certain frequency range, and the conditions that the equivalent mass density and the equivalent volume modulus are negative can occur. The low-frequency local resonance band gap can be generated in a sub-wavelength band of the structure size, and the characteristic can realize the control of low-frequency vibration noise through a small-size structure. The most common way of constructing acoustic metamaterials is to regularly or periodically insert structural elements in the matrix material that can produce localized resonance effects.
In a piping system, vibrations and noises at medium and high frequencies can be well controlled in terms of the current technology, such as installing a muffler at a downstream position of a pipe. In addition, the addition of a buffer, the provision of an orifice plate, a filter, and the like can also be used to suppress piping vibration. The low-frequency vibration noise has a long propagation distance, a small attenuation degree and too concentrated energy, so that the control of the low-frequency vibration noise is quite difficult. Traditional sound absorption sound insulation material is not good to the control effect of low frequency vibration noise, however, the difficult problem that low frequency vibration noise is difficult to control can be solved to a certain extent to acoustics metamaterial as a neotype light sound insulation material.
In summary, at present, there is a certain research foundation for medium-high frequency vibration of pipelines, but the low-frequency vibration damping effect is not ideal. The local resonance band gap bandwidth of the traditional equal-section acoustic metamaterial is narrow, the vibration noise frequency range which can be effectively controlled is small, and the problem seriously limits the wide application of the acoustic metamaterial in engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a variable cross-section pipeline low-frequency broadband vibration damping device based on an acoustic metamaterial, which combines a vibration damping mechanism of the acoustic metamaterial with the vibration control problem of a pipeline system, applies the periodic structure to a variable cross-section pipeline and realizes low-frequency vibration control below 100 Hz.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention relates to a variable cross-section pipeline low-frequency broadband vibration damper based on an acoustic metamaterial, which is characterized in that: the local oscillator comprises a first variable cross-section pipeline, a straight pipe section pipeline and a second variable cross-section pipeline, wherein two ends of the straight pipe section pipeline are respectively connected with the first variable cross-section pipeline and the second variable cross-section pipeline, the first variable cross-section pipeline and the second variable cross-section pipeline are coaxial, the diameters of the first variable cross-section pipeline and the second variable cross-section pipeline are increased along the direction departing from the straight pipe section pipeline so as to form a minimum cross section close to one end of the straight pipe section pipeline and a maximum cross section far away from one end of the straight pipe section pipeline, a local oscillator is arranged on the outer wall of the straight pipe section pipeline along the circumferential direction, the local oscillator comprises a local oscillator quality unit and a local oscillator elastic unit, and the local oscillator elastic unit is clamped between the straight pipe section pipeline and the local oscillator quality unit.
The present invention may further comprise:
1. the first variable cross-section pipeline and the second variable cross-section pipeline are made of aluminum, the straight pipe section pipeline is made of rubber, the first variable cross-section pipeline and the second variable cross-section pipeline are bonded with the straight pipe section pipeline, the local oscillator elastic unit is made of rubber, and the local oscillator mass unit is made of copper.
2. The length of the local oscillator elastic unit along the axial direction is smaller than that of the straight pipe section pipeline along the axial direction, and the local oscillator is arranged in the middle of the straight pipe section pipeline.
3. The length of the first variable cross-section pipeline and the length of the straight pipe section pipeline are equal to the length of the second variable cross-section pipeline; the outer diameter of the local oscillator mass unit is equal to the outer diameters of the first variable cross-section pipeline and the second variable cross-section pipeline.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. because the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial has low-frequency characteristics, the local oscillator elastic unit and the local oscillator mass unit are combined to form a broadband low-frequency band gap.
2. The invention can realize vibration reduction of a plurality of frequency bands.
3. The variable cross-section piping of the present invention can be used to vary mass flow.
4. The elastic unit and the mass unit are arranged in the radial direction and the axial direction, so that the torsional vibration, the radial vibration, the axial vibration and the like can be reduced, and wave forms in any direction cannot be transmitted in a band gap range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a band diagram of the variable cross-section pipe vibration damping device in which the width of the vibrator is 0.1m, which is obtained by numerical calculation.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
with reference to fig. 1-2, the present invention comprises a straight pipe section pipeline 1, a variable cross-section pipeline 2, and a local oscillator 3, wherein the local oscillator 3 comprises a local oscillator mass unit 31 and a local oscillator elastic unit 32. The variable cross-section pipeline 2 is arranged at two ends of the straight pipe section pipeline 1, the variable cross-section pipeline 2 is coaxial with the straight pipe section pipeline 1, and the diameter of the variable cross-section pipeline 2 is increased along the direction departing from the straight pipe section pipeline 1 so as to form a minimum cross section close to one end of the straight pipe section pipeline 1 and a maximum cross section far away from one end of the straight pipe section pipeline 1. The local oscillator elastic unit 32 is sandwiched between the straight pipe section 1 and the local oscillator mass unit 31. The length of the local oscillator elastic unit 32 in the axial direction is the same as the length of the local oscillator mass unit 31 in the axial direction. The length of the local oscillator elastic unit 32 in the axial direction is smaller than the length of the straight pipe section pipeline 1 in the axial direction.
The local oscillator 3 is arranged on a straight pipe section in the variable-section pipeline system and is centered, and the local oscillator is formed by connecting a mass unit outside an elastic unit.
The length of the left-side variable-section pipeline is L1, the length of the middle straight-pipe-section pipeline is L2, the length of the right-side variable-section pipeline is L3, and L1 is L2 is L3;
the diameter of the minimum section of the variable-section pipeline is the same as that of the straight pipe section pipeline.
The length of the local oscillator elastic unit and the length of the local oscillator quality unit in the axial direction are the same and are L, and the whole local oscillator elastic unit and the local oscillator quality unit are positioned in the center of the straight pipe section, namely the center of the whole variable cross-section pipeline;
the local oscillator mass unit has an outer diameter of R6, the local oscillator elastic unit has an outer diameter of R5, a straight pipe section pipeline outer diameter of R4, a straight pipe section pipeline inner diameter of R3, a variable cross-section pipeline outer diameter of R2, a variable cross-section pipeline inner diameter of R1, and R6 is R2;
the three sections of pipelines are coaxially arranged with the local oscillator.
The pipe wall of the pipeline has a certain thickness.
In order to better damp the pipeline, periodic boundary conditions are set at two ends of the variable-section pipeline, so that periodically arranged damping structural units are realized.
The local oscillator quality unit and the local oscillator elastic unit are different in size. The vibration reduction structure is based on a local resonance mechanism, the local oscillator elastic unit and the local oscillator mass unit in the structure can be simplified into a vibration system consisting of mass and a spring, and different resonance frequencies can be generated when the elastic unit and the mass unit are different in size, so that vibration reduction can be performed on a plurality of frequency points.
In the embodiment, the variable cross-section pipeline is made of aluminum, the straight pipe section pipeline is made of rubber, the variable cross-section pipeline is bonded with the straight pipe section pipeline, the local oscillator elastic unit is made of rubber, the local oscillator mass unit is made of copper, the local oscillator elastic unit and the local oscillator mass unit are bonded to form a local resonance unit, the local oscillator is installed in the center of the straight pipe section, and an air domain is arranged inside the pipeline.
The low-frequency broadband effect of the device is realized through the interaction of the local resonance band gap and the Bragg band gap, when the pipeline material and the structural parameters are fixed, the width and the radius of different local oscillators and the materials of the local oscillator elastic unit and the local oscillator mass unit can be designed, and the low-frequency broadband effect of the band gap of the device can also be realized.
The dimensions of the device were selected as shown in the table below.
The band gap frequency ranges of the invention are calculated by commercial finite element software to be 30-41Hz, 43-52Hz, the total bandwidth is 20Hz, and the energy band diagram is shown in figure 2.
Claims (5)
1. A variable cross-section pipeline low-frequency broadband vibration damper based on acoustic metamaterial is characterized in that: the local oscillator comprises a first variable cross-section pipeline, a straight pipe section pipeline and a second variable cross-section pipeline, wherein two ends of the straight pipe section pipeline are respectively connected with the first variable cross-section pipeline and the second variable cross-section pipeline, the first variable cross-section pipeline and the second variable cross-section pipeline are coaxial, the diameters of the first variable cross-section pipeline and the second variable cross-section pipeline are increased along the direction departing from the straight pipe section pipeline so as to form a minimum cross section close to one end of the straight pipe section pipeline and a maximum cross section far away from one end of the straight pipe section pipeline, a local oscillator is arranged on the outer wall of the straight pipe section pipeline along the circumferential direction, the local oscillator comprises a local oscillator quality unit and a local oscillator elastic unit, and the local oscillator elastic unit is clamped between the straight pipe section pipeline and the local oscillator quality unit.
2. The variable cross-section pipeline low-frequency broadband vibration damper based on the acoustic metamaterial as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first variable cross-section pipeline and the second variable cross-section pipeline are made of aluminum, the straight pipe section pipeline is made of rubber, the first variable cross-section pipeline and the second variable cross-section pipeline are bonded with the straight pipe section pipeline, the local oscillator elastic unit is made of rubber, and the local oscillator mass unit is made of copper.
3. The variable cross-section pipeline low-frequency broadband vibration damping device based on the acoustic metamaterial according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the length of the local oscillator elastic unit along the axial direction is smaller than that of the straight pipe section pipeline along the axial direction, and the local oscillator is arranged in the middle of the straight pipe section pipeline.
4. The variable cross-section pipeline low-frequency broadband vibration damping device based on the acoustic metamaterial according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the length of the first variable cross-section pipeline and the length of the straight pipe section pipeline are equal to the length of the second variable cross-section pipeline; the outer diameter of the local oscillator mass unit is equal to the outer diameters of the first variable cross-section pipeline and the second variable cross-section pipeline.
5. The variable cross-section pipeline low-frequency broadband vibration damper based on the acoustic metamaterial as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the length of the first variable cross-section pipeline and the length of the straight pipe section pipeline are equal to the length of the second variable cross-section pipeline; the outer diameter of the local oscillator mass unit is equal to the outer diameters of the first variable cross-section pipeline and the second variable cross-section pipeline.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110189706.7A CN112951190B (en) | 2021-02-19 | 2021-02-19 | Variable cross-section pipeline low-frequency broadband vibration damper based on acoustic metamaterial |
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| CN202110189706.7A CN112951190B (en) | 2021-02-19 | 2021-02-19 | Variable cross-section pipeline low-frequency broadband vibration damper based on acoustic metamaterial |
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| CN112951190A CN112951190A (en) | 2021-06-11 |
| CN112951190B true CN112951190B (en) | 2022-05-20 |
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| CN114822467B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-12-09 | 清华大学 | Phononic crystal based on gradient sound black hole structure band gap regulation and control |
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