CN112945544A - Intelligent setting pressure measuring system for safety valve - Google Patents
Intelligent setting pressure measuring system for safety valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN112945544A CN112945544A CN202110324149.5A CN202110324149A CN112945544A CN 112945544 A CN112945544 A CN 112945544A CN 202110324149 A CN202110324149 A CN 202110324149A CN 112945544 A CN112945544 A CN 112945544A
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- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012952 Resampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/003—Machine valves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B11/00—Automatic controllers
- G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
- G05B11/36—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
- G05B11/42—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P. I., P. I. D.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent pressure setting and measuring system for a safety valve, which comprises a precision pressure gauge, a manual air inlet valve, a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve, the safety valve, a safety valve air inlet valve, a pressure sensor, a collecting card and a calculating device. The intelligent acquisition system is designed according to the national standard, can be accessed to the existing verification, can detect the take-off pressure and store the waveform, and avoids the manual operation meeting the requirements of the national standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pressure detection, in particular to an intelligent setting pressure measuring system for a safety valve.
Background
The safety valve is a special device, pressure setting is required to be carried out every other year, namely, a pressure jump test is carried out on a national approved organization, and when the pressure in the safety valve reaches a set pressure value, the safety valve is opened, and the pressure value is reduced. And when the safety valve is correctly opened for three times continuously, and the take-off pressure meets the error range of the set pressure, confirming that the set pressure is effective, otherwise, continuing to teach the safety valve, and repeating the experiment until the requirement is met.
The most critical for the pressure setting of the safety valve is to obtain the pressure of the test medium at the opening moment of the safety valve. At present, a common safety valve called a smoke bench uses a pressure sensor as a pressure acquisition means, and simultaneously uses acquisition software to record the inlet pressure of the safety valve when the test pressure is manually operated, and the maximum value of the pressure is searched to be used as the setting pressure. Compared with a manual observation precision pressure gauge, the technology greatly increases the accuracy of obtaining the setting pressure, can record the setting pressure and improves the reliability of verification.
However, the prior art has the following problems:
1, when noise pulse occurs in the pressure rising process, misjudgment is easily carried out as the setting pressure;
2 the maximum point in the pressure record is the set pressure. According to the physical structure of the calibration stand, a sensor which is usually used for recording set pressure is a certain distance away from an inlet of a safety valve, and due to the propagation characteristic of fluid pressure, the pressure has hysteresis, so that an error exists in a pressure test;
3, in continuous pressure test, in order to save time, an operator often does not meet the requirement of national standard and directly and rapidly boosts the pressure to be close to the setting pressure; meanwhile, after the first jump, the pressure is quickly increased to finish the second test and the third test, and the interval pressure is insufficient, so that the test accuracy is caused.
The existing patents and papers mainly carry out the design in the aspect of mechanisms or simply carry out filtering processing on waveforms by utilizing some algorithms, and an intelligent acquisition system is not comprehensively designed according to national standards.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent setting pressure measuring system for a safety valve, which can automatically collect the setting pressure of the safety valve according to the national standard.
The invention provides an intelligent pressure setting and measuring system for a safety valve, which comprises a precision pressure gauge, a manual air inlet valve, a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve, the safety valve, a safety valve air inlet valve, a pressure sensor, a collecting card and a calculating device, wherein the first electromagnetic valve is connected with the second electromagnetic valve;
the precision pressure gauge is connected with the first end of the manual air inlet valve;
the first end of the manual air inlet valve is connected with an experimental medium storage device;
the first end of the manual air inlet valve is connected with the first end of the first electromagnetic valve;
the second end of the first electromagnetic valve is respectively connected with the second end of the safety valve air inlet valve and the first end of the second electromagnetic valve;
the first end of the safety air inlet valve is connected with the safety valve;
the second end of the second electromagnetic valve is connected with the first end of the manual exhaust valve;
the second end of the manual exhaust valve is connected with an exhaust system;
the pressure sensor is connected with the second end of the first electromagnetic valve;
the acquisition card is electrically connected with the first electromagnetic valve, the pressure sensor, the second electromagnetic valve and the computing device respectively;
the computing device runs pressure setting software.
Further, the acquisition card is provided with an analog input channel and an analog output channel.
Further, the pressure measurement system performs the steps of:
initializing an S1 system, performing pressure rise control by adopting a PID algorithm to realize uniform pressure rise of 0.05-0.08MPa/S, performing 4-20mA current output by adopting an acquisition card analog output channel to control the opening of a first electromagnetic valve, and acquiring the pressure of a sensor by adopting an analog input channel of the acquisition card;
s2, closing the second electromagnetic valve, opening the first electromagnetic valve, rapidly increasing to a P1 pressure point, wherein the P1 pressure point is 0.9 times of the setting pressure value, and a PID algorithm is not adopted in the step S2;
after the pressure point of the P1 is exceeded by S3, a cascade PID algorithm after system initialization is adopted, the opening degrees of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are controlled simultaneously, the pressure acceleration is ensured, and the starting pressure begins to be stored;
s4, stopping PID control after tripping, closing the first electromagnetic valve, fully opening the second electromagnetic valve, rapidly reducing the pressure to a P2 pressure point, wherein the P2 pressure point is 0.6 times of the set pressure value, closing the second electromagnetic valve, and stopping the pressure acquisition value storage;
s5 the pressure setting software judges whether the jump pressure is in accordance with the standard, if the three continuous pressure setting values are in accordance with the standard, the setting is finished, the three pressure setting continuous values are obtained, if the jump pressure is not in accordance with the standard, the counter is cleared, the operator readjusts the safety valve and restarts the pressure measuring process from the step S2.
The invention has the advantages that.
1) The system automatically controls the pressure of a test medium, the pressure is quickly boosted at the beginning, the pressure is automatically boosted at a speed of not more than 0.01MPa/s after 90% of set pressure, and the boosting speed is ensured until the safety valve jumps;
2) the system automatically gives an original waveform and records a setting value;
3) the setting process is automatic.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a set pressure acquisition system.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a work flow of a setting pressure system.
Detailed Description
The requirement of national relevant standards on the whole pressure is that the inlet pressure of the safety valve is slowly increased, and when the inlet pressure reaches 90% of the set pressure, the pressure increasing speed is not more than 0.01 MPa/s. When the valve clack is opened or continuous discharge of a test medium is seen and heard, the inlet pressure of the safety valve is regarded as the setting pressure of the safety valve, and the safety valve is required to carry out continuous pressure verification and sealing experiments for not less than 2 times generally.
The inventor finds that in order to meet the requirements of national standards on setting, the following conditions need to be met in the setting process:
1) the pressure setting is that the pressure of the safety valve test medium is increased, and the safety valve jumps due to the conversion of pressure energy into kinetic energy;
2) the speed of raising the pressure must be limited to prevent measurement errors caused by the take-off caused by gas flow impact;
3) pressure intervals must be provided between successive measurements to ensure the closing action of the safety valve
In order to meet the requirement of the national standard on the set pressure, the invention provides an intelligent pressure setting measurement system for a safety valve, which comprises a precision pressure gauge, a manual air inlet valve, a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve, the safety valve, a safety valve air inlet valve, a pressure sensor, a collection card and a calculation device, wherein the manual air inlet valve is arranged on the precision pressure gauge;
the precision pressure gauge is connected with the first end of the manual air inlet valve;
the first end of the manual air inlet valve is connected with an experimental medium storage device;
the first end of the manual air inlet valve is connected with the first end of the first electromagnetic valve;
the second end of the first electromagnetic valve is respectively connected with the second end of the safety valve air inlet valve and the first end of the second electromagnetic valve;
the first end of the safety air inlet valve is connected with the safety valve;
the second end of the second electromagnetic valve is connected with the first end of the manual exhaust valve;
the second end of the manual exhaust valve is connected with an exhaust system;
the pressure sensor is connected with the second end of the first electromagnetic valve;
the acquisition card is electrically connected with the first electromagnetic valve, the pressure sensor, the second electromagnetic valve and the computing device respectively;
the computing device runs pressure setting software.
Further, the acquisition card is provided with an analog input channel and an analog output channel.
The hardware of the acquisition system comprises an electromagnetic valve 1, an electromagnetic valve 2, a pressure acquisition card with AO, a pressure sensor and pressure setting software. Solenoid valves 1 and 2 need to be adapted to the line pressure, typically 4-20mA current input control opening. The pressure sensor needs to be adapted to the highest setting pressure, and the pressure acquisition card only needs 2 channels of AO and 24-Bit precision.
As shown in FIG. 2, the pressure measurement system measures pressure using the following procedure
S1 System initialization
The initialization work of the system mainly aims to realize stable boosting, the system is realized to realize uniform boosting when the system is implemented, and the national standard requirement is not more than 0.1 MPa/s. According to the requirement, the system realizes the uniform pressure rise of 0.05-0.08MPa/s, and considering that the system is a nonlinear system and has certain hysteresis and large inertia, the national standard requirement can be met as long as the pressure rise rate in the range is realized. Meanwhile, the rate cannot be too small, otherwise the detection cannot be satisfied. The system adopts PID to carry out boost control, and the purpose of system initialization is to carry out PID parameter setting. The system adopts an acquisition card AO (analog output channel) to output 4-20mA current so as to control the opening of the electromagnetic valve 1, and the acquired AI (analog input channel) acquires the pressure of the sensor.
The PID control model of the invention is as follows:
the ideal output is a straight line with a slope of
In the formula, k is a sampling sequence number, u (k) is AO output at the kth sampling moment, e (k) is deviation input at the kth sampling moment, Σ e (k) is cumulative sum of deviation from sampling start to the kth sampling moment, and Δ e (k) is deviation input at the kth sampling moment and input deviation at the k-1 sampling moment; kpAre respectively a proportionality coefficient, KiIntegral coefficient, KdA differential coefficient.
In the setting process, fuzzy PID setting is adopted to realize, and useful output pressure requirements limit the rising speed, so the invention designs the following error calculation method:
s11, setting a constant speed ascending national standard limit: deltaupThe lower limit Δ is set to 0.1MPa to ensure a slow pressure rise statedown＝0.08MPa
S12 resampling. Due to the fact that the sampling frequency of an actual acquisition card is high, the acquisition value is resampled to 10Hz, and the highest value point in 10 point data is taken as a pressure output value P (k);
within the next second of S13, similarly processing in the step S11, obtaining a pressure output value P (k + 1);
s14 dynamically adjusts the error. MeterCalculating the difference delta as P (K +1) -P (K), when delta isup≥Δ>0.09, set error e (k) equal to 0, when Δ>ΔupSetting error e (k) to Δ - Δup(ii) a When 0.09. gtoreq.DELTA.>ΔdownSetting error e (k) to 0 when Δ<ΔdownSetting error e (k) to Δ - Δdown(ii) a The invention realizes more accurate error calculation by dynamically adjusting the error;
s14, cascade control is adopted, wherein the main loop is the opening degree of the first air inlet electromagnetic valve, and the auxiliary loop is the opening degree of the second air outlet electromagnetic valve;
and S15, carrying out simulation design by using a Matlab tool box, and then controlling the actual system until the PID parameter adjustment meets the requirements. If the requirement cannot be met, adjusting the lower limit deltadownUntil the site requirements are met.
And S2, according to the pressure setting process, carrying out actual setting after the system initialization is completed. Closing the second electromagnetic valve, opening the first electromagnetic valve, rapidly increasing the pressure to a pressure point P1, wherein P1 is 0.9 time of the setting pressure, and a PID algorithm is not adopted during the step S2;
after the pressure point of S3 exceeds P1, a cascade PID algorithm after system initialization is adopted, and the opening degrees of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are controlled at the same time to ensure the pressure rising speed; starting pressure and starting to store;
s4, stopping PID control after tripping, closing the first electromagnetic valve, starting to fully open the second electromagnetic valve, and rapidly reducing the pressure to a pressure point P2, wherein the pressure point P2 is 0.6 times of the set pressure; closing the second electromagnetic valve; stopping storing the pressure acquisition value;
s5 software judges whether the jump pressure accords with the standard, if yes, the effective counter is increased by one; if the continuous three pressure setting values meet the specification, finishing the setting; simultaneously obtaining three-time set pressure continuous values; if the take-off pressure does not meet the specification, resetting the counter and readjusting the safety valve by an operator; return to step S2.
The intelligent acquisition system is comprehensively designed according to the national standard, can be accessed to the existing verification, can detect the take-off pressure, stores the waveform, avoids manual operation and meets the requirements of the national standard.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110324149.5A CN112945544A (en) | 2021-03-26 | 2021-03-26 | Intelligent setting pressure measuring system for safety valve |
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| CN202110324149.5A CN112945544A (en) | 2021-03-26 | 2021-03-26 | Intelligent setting pressure measuring system for safety valve |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116973094A (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-10-31 | 武汉万曦智能科技有限公司 | Automatic test control system for safety valve |
| CN119164638A (en) * | 2024-11-20 | 2024-12-20 | 天津新智感知科技有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for testing gas shut-off valve |
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2021
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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