CN112889276A

CN112889276A - Image display device

Info

Publication number: CN112889276A
Application number: CN201980070035.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谷野友哉; 椛泽秀年; 田中章
Original assignee: Sony Corp
Current assignee: Sony Corp
Priority date: 2018-10-31
Filing date: 2019-10-11
Publication date: 2021-06-01
Also published as: JPWO2020090422A1; JP7439764B2; DE112019005430T5; WO2020090422A1

Abstract

The video display device according to the present disclosure has: a projection section, at least a part of which is rotatably moved, which outputs projection light forming at least one viewpoint video; a light condensing member condensing the projection light; a diffusion member diffusing the projection light to cause a relatively narrow diffusion in a horizontal direction and a relatively wide diffusion in a vertical direction; a detector that detects a viewpoint position of an observer; and a controller that rotationally moves at least a part of the projection section to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by the detector.

Description

Image display device

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to an image display apparatus that displays a plurality of viewpoint images.

Background

There is a display technique of displaying a three-dimensional image of a plurality of images (viewpoint images) viewed from different viewpoints on the same screen. For example, the display technique involves arranging a plurality of projectors on the circumference of a circle while configuring a screen that diffuses light only in the vertical direction in the middle portion thereof, and then projecting viewpoint images from the respective plurality of projectors onto the screen at different angles from each other, thereby displaying a three-dimensional image in the middle portion (see PTL 1). In this case, components included in each projector, such as a driving circuit, a projection optical system, and a display device, are arranged on the circumference.

CITATION LIST

Patent document

PTL 1 Japanese unexamined patent application publication No. 2010-32952

Disclosure of Invention

In the above-described technology, the size of the entire image display apparatus increases due to the constraint imposed by the dedicated areas of the components of the plurality of projectors. In addition, the arrangement pitch between the plurality of projectors is determined according to the size of each projector, which limits the angular resolution as a factor of determining the display quality of the three-dimensional image according to the characteristics.

It is desirable to provide an image display device that enables a multi-viewpoint image having high display quality to be displayed in a wide range without increasing its constituent size.

An image display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a projection section, at least a part of which is rotatably moved, which outputs projection light forming at least one viewpoint image; a light condensing member condensing the projection light; a diffusion member diffusing the projection light to cause a relatively narrow diffusion in a horizontal direction and a relatively wide diffusion in a vertical direction; a detector that detects a viewpoint position of an observer; and a controller that rotationally moves at least the portion of the projection section to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by the detector.

In the image display device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the projection light forming the at least one viewpoint image is output from the projection section, and at least the portion of the projection section is rotatably moved. The controller rotationally moves at least the portion of the projection component to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by the detector.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an outline of an image display device according to a comparative example.

Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a configuration example of an image display device according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic side sectional view of a configuration example of an image display device according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an appropriate light beam spread distribution in the horizontal direction in the image display device according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of characteristic parameters relating to the relationship between the observation distance and the viewpoint position in the image display apparatus according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing an example of the values of the main characteristic parameters in the case where the optimum observation position is changed in the image display device according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a characteristic diagram showing an example of the values of the main characteristic parameters in the case where the horizontal spread angle is changed in the image display device according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to the second embodiment.

Fig. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of characteristic parameters relating to the relationship between the observation distance and the viewpoint position in the image display apparatus according to the second embodiment.

Fig. 10 is a characteristic diagram showing an example of a relationship between the observation distance and the position of the first and second projector modules in the image display apparatus according to the second embodiment.

Fig. 11 is a characteristic diagram showing an example of a relationship between the observation distance and the interval between the first and second projector modules in the image display apparatus according to the second embodiment.

Fig. 12 is a schematic plan view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to a third embodiment.

Fig. 13 is a schematic side sectional view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to a third embodiment.

Fig. 14 is a characteristic diagram showing an example of a relationship between the observation distance of the light condensing position adjusting lens and the lens position in the image display device according to the third embodiment.

Fig. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to a fourth embodiment.

Fig. 16 is an explanatory view schematically showing a viewpoint range of an image display device according to the fourth embodiment.

Fig. 17 is a schematic plan view of a main portion of an image display device according to a first constitutional example of the fifth embodiment.

Fig. 18 is a schematic plan view of a main portion of an image display device according to a second constitutional example of the fifth embodiment.

Fig. 19 is a schematic plan view of a main portion of an image display device according to a third constitutional example of the fifth embodiment.

Fig. 20 is a schematic plan view of a configuration example of an image display device according to the sixth embodiment.

Fig. 21 is a schematic sectional view of a configuration example of a transmission-type cylindrical screen in an image display device according to a sixth embodiment.

Fig. 22 is a sectional view of an equivalent configuration example of a transmission type cylindrical screen in an image display device according to a sixth embodiment.

Fig. 23 is a schematic plan view of a configuration example of an image display device according to the seventh embodiment.

Fig. 24 is a schematic side sectional view of a configuration example of an image display device according to the seventh embodiment.

Fig. 25 is a schematic side sectional view of an example of the relationship between the projection elevation angle and the rotational movement direction of the projector module in the image display apparatus according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 26 is a schematic side sectional view of an example of the relationship between the projection elevation angle and the rotational movement direction of the projector module in the image display apparatus according to the seventh embodiment.

Fig. 27 is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of incident light vectors and reflected light vectors on the reflective flat surface of the reflective flat screen.

Fig. 28 is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of incident light vectors and reflected light vectors on the reflective flat surface of the reflective flat screen.

Fig. 29 is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of incident light vectors and reflected light vectors on the reflective flat surface of the reflective flat screen.

Fig. 30 is a schematic plan view of a configuration example of an image display device according to the eighth embodiment.

Fig. 31 is a schematic side sectional view of a configuration example of an image display device according to the eighth embodiment.

Fig. 32 is a schematic plan view of a configuration example of an image display device according to the ninth embodiment.

Fig. 33 is a schematic side sectional view of a configuration example of an image display device according to the ninth embodiment.

Fig. 34 is a schematic plan view of a configuration example of an image display device according to the tenth embodiment.

Fig. 35 is a schematic side sectional view of a configuration example of an image display device according to the tenth embodiment.

Fig. 36 is an external view of an outline of an image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 37 is a schematic external view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 38 is a schematic side sectional view of a configuration example of an image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 39 is a schematic side sectional view of a first example of a projection state of a first projector unit in an image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 40 is a schematic side sectional view of a first example of a projection state of a second projector unit in an image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 41 is a schematic side sectional view of a second example of a projection state of the first projector unit in the image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 42 is a schematic side sectional view of a second example of a projection state of a second projector unit in an image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 43 is a schematic external view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 44 is a schematic partial sectional view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to an eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 45 is a schematic exploded view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 46 is a schematic external view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 47 is a schematic plan view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 48 is a schematic external view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 49 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the arrangement of camera modules in an image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 50 is an explanatory view schematically showing a first example of a method of detecting a viewpoint position in an image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 51 is an explanatory view schematically showing a second example of a method of detecting a viewpoint position in an image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 52 is a schematic plan view of a first example of a linear driving mechanism of a projector unit in an image display device according to an eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 53 is a schematic external view of a first example of a linear driving mechanism of a projector unit in an image display device according to an eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 54 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an example of the driving principle of the ultrasonic motor.

Fig. 55 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a relationship between the driving voltage of the ultrasonic motor and the displacement of the movable member.

Fig. 56 is a schematic plan view of a second example of the linear driving mechanism of the projector unit in the image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 57 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an example of the driving principle of the stepping motor.

Fig. 58 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an example of the driving principle of the stepping motor.

Fig. 59 is an external view of an outline of an image display device according to the twelfth embodiment.

Fig. 60 is a schematic exploded view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to a twelfth embodiment.

Fig. 61 is a schematic side sectional view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to a twelfth embodiment.

Fig. 62 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a first example of a projection state of an image display apparatus according to the twelfth embodiment.

Fig. 63 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a second example of a projection state of the image display apparatus according to the twelfth embodiment.

Fig. 64 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first modified example of an image display device according to a twelfth embodiment.

Fig. 65 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second modified example of the image display apparatus according to the twelfth embodiment.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the description is given in the following order.

1. First embodiment

1.0 comparative example (FIG. 1)

1.1 composition and operation of the image display apparatus according to the first embodiment (FIGS. 2 to 7)

1.2 Effect

2. Second embodiment (FIGS. 8 to 11)

3. Third embodiment (FIGS. 12 to 14)

4. Fourth embodiment (FIGS. 15 and 16)

5. Fifth embodiment (FIGS. 17 to 19)

6. Sixth embodiment (FIGS. 20 to 22)

7. Seventh embodiment (FIGS. 23 to 29)

8. Eighth embodiment (FIGS. 30 and 31)

9. Ninth embodiment (FIGS. 32 and 33)

10. Tenth embodiment (FIGS. 34 and 35)

11. Eleventh embodiment (FIGS. 36 to 58)

11.1 general description

11.2 method of detecting viewpoint position

11.3 Linear drive mechanism example of projector Unit (projection Member)

12. Twelfth embodiment (FIGS. 59 to 65)

13. Other embodiments

<1. first embodiment >

[1.0 comparative example ]

(overview and problem of image display apparatus according to comparative example)

Fig. 1 shows an overview of an image display apparatus according to a comparative example.

The image display apparatus according to the comparative example includes a plurality of projectors 100 arranged on the circumference of a circle in an array and a screen 200 configured at a middle portion and having an anisotropic diffusion characteristic. A three-dimensional image is displayed by projecting the images from the respective projectors 100 toward the center direction.

One projector 100 is, for example, a DMD (digital micro-mirror device) type MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical system) projector that generates a projection image using a plurality of movable mirrors arranged in two dimensions. In this case, one projector 100 displays a two-dimensional image on the screen 200 by two-dimensional scanning of the laser light source using the MEMS mirror. Therefore, in the image display apparatus according to the comparative example, image light of one viewpoint is output from one projector 100. Therefore, displaying a plurality of viewpoint images requires the same number of projectors 100 as the number of viewpoints, which results in a large-sized device as a whole. In the image display apparatus according to the comparative example, the base points of the respective projectors 100 are located on the circumference of a circle, and therefore, even if the size of each projector 100 is reduced, it is difficult to reduce the size of the apparatus as a whole.

[1.1 constitution and operation of image display device according to first embodiment ]

(constitution of image display device)

Fig. 2 schematically shows a configuration example of the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure in a plan view. Fig. 3 schematically shows a configuration example of a side cross section of the image display device 1. It should be noted that, in fig. 2 and the like, the X axis represents the horizontal direction, the Y axis represents the vertical direction, and the Z axis represents the direction orthogonal to the X axis and the Y axis. The same applies to other drawings illustrating the first embodiment described below and drawings illustrated in other embodiments.

The image display apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment includes a reflection type cylindrical screen 2, a circular track 3 arranged on the inner circumferential side of the reflection type cylindrical screen 2, and a first projector module Pj1 and a second projector module Pj2 arranged on the track 3. The image display device 1 further includes a casing 10 (fig. 3) including the rail 3, the first projector module Pj1, and the projector module Pj 2.

The image display apparatus 1 further includes a viewpoint position detector 11, a projector module position controller 12, and an image providing section 13.

In the first embodiment, the first projector module Pj1 and the second projector module Pj2 correspond to specific examples of "projection section" in the technique of the present disclosure. In the first embodiment, the reflection type cylindrical screen 2 corresponds to a specific example of the "diffusion member" in the technique of the present disclosure.

In the first embodiment, the viewpoint-position detector 11 corresponds to a specific example of "detector" in the technique of the present disclosure. In the first embodiment, the projector module position controller 12 corresponds to a specific example of "controller" in the technique of the present disclosure.

The viewpoint position detector 11 detects the viewpoint positions (the left eye 4L and the right eye 4R) of the observer. The viewpoint-position detector 11 includes, for example, a camera module, and detects at least the viewpoint position in the horizontal direction of the observer.

The projector module position controller 12 rotationally moves the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 to positions corresponding to the viewpoint positions detected by the viewpoint position detector 11.

The first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are included as a whole in a "projection section" of the technology of the present disclosure. For example, the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 as a whole are rotatably moved on the rail 3. The central axis of the circular track 3 substantially coincides with the central axis C1 of the reflective cylindrical screen 2. It is to be noted that the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 may be rotationally moved in the rotational movement direction by fixing the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 to the rail 3 and rotating the rail 3 itself. The circular track 3 is hollow at the centre of rotation to allow for the arrangement of wiring. Examples of the wiring here include electric wiring, optical communication wiring, and the like coupled to the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj 2. In the first embodiment, the circular track 3 corresponds to a specific example of "a rotation drive mechanism component" in the technique of the present disclosure.

Each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 includes, for example, a laser light source and a light modulation device that modulates light from the laser light source. Each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 may include, for example, an LCOS (liquid crystal on silicon) type projector, a DMD type MEMS projector, a single mirror type MEMS projector, or the like.

Each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 outputs projection light forming at least one viewpoint image. For example, the first projector module Pj1 outputs first projection light Lpj1 forming a viewpoint image of the left eye 4L. In addition, for example, the second projector module Pj2 outputs second projection light Lpj2 forming a viewpoint image of the right eye 4R.

The image supply section 13 supplies image signals corresponding to the viewpoint images of the left eye 4L and the right eye 4R to the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2, respectively.

The reflective cylindrical screen 2 is a diffusion member having anisotropic diffusion characteristics, which provides different light diffusion characteristics in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The reflection type cylindrical screen 2 has a cylindrical reflection surface on the inner circumferential surface. The cylindrical reflective surface of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 functions as a light condensing member that condenses the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj 2. The reflective cylindrical screen 2 includes, for example, a holographic optical element (HOE: holographic optical element). The reflective cylindrical screen 2 diffuses the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj2, resulting in a relatively narrow diffusion in the horizontal direction and a relatively wide diffusion in the vertical direction, while concentrating the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj2 toward the viewpoint position of the observer on the cylindrical reflective surface.

In the first embodiment, the cylindrical reflective surface of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 corresponds to a specific example of the "light condensing member" in the technique of the present disclosure.

(operation of image display device)

In the image display apparatus 1, the first projector module Pj1 projects the first projection light Lpj1 toward a cylindrical reflection surface formed on the inner peripheral surface of the reflection type cylindrical screen 2. In addition, the second projector module Pj2 projects the second projection light Lpj2 toward the cylindrical reflective surface of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 to a position different from the position at which the first projection light Lpj1 is projected. The first projection light Lpj1 is diffused while being condensed by the reflection type cylindrical screen 2 to be diffused and distributed in the first projection area Ar 1. In addition, the second projection light Lpj2 is diffused while being condensed by the reflection type cylindrical screen 2 to be diffused and distributed in the second projection area Ar 2.

Meanwhile, the rotationally moved positions of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are controlled by the projector module position controller 12, and the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are rotationally moved on the track 3 to appropriate positions corresponding to the viewpoint positions detected by the viewpoint position detector 11. The first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are rotationally moved about substantially the same axis as the central axis C1 of the reflective cylindrical screen 2. The rotation angles of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are determined so that the light collection positions of the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj2 substantially coincide with the positions of the left eye 4L and the right eye 4R, respectively. Thus, for example, the first projected light Lpj1 is collected toward the left eye 4L. For example, the second projected light Lpj2 is collected toward the right eye 4R. It is preferable that the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 rotationally move on a plane in which a projection elevation angle θ with respect to the cylindrical reflecting surface of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 becomes constant, as shown in fig. 25 described later.

(diffusion characteristic of reflection type cylindrical Screen 2)

Fig. 4 shows an example of a suitable light beam spread distribution in the horizontal direction in the image display apparatus 1.

In the reflective cylindrical screen 2, the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 from the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are preferably diffused at an appropriate angle in the horizontal direction so as not to mix the respective viewpoint images at the left eye 4L and the right eye 4. For example, as shown in fig. 4, in the reflective cylindrical screen 2, the first projected light lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj2 are preferably diffused to have a diffusion distribution close to a rectangle in the horizontal direction. Imparting the diffusion distribution characteristic of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 having a relatively narrow angle in the horizontal direction (X direction in fig. 4) makes it possible to prevent crosstalk caused by mixing of left and right viewpoint images. In addition, giving the reflection type cylindrical screen 2a diffusion distribution characteristic that the angle in the vertical direction (Y direction in fig. 4) is wider than the angle in the horizontal direction enables the viewpoint image to be observed at a wide angle in the vertical direction.

(regarding the best observation position)

In the image display apparatus 1, the cylindrical reflecting surface of the reflection type cylindrical screen 2 has a lens function as a light condensing member, and the focal position of the cylindrical reflecting surface is a position of 1/2 times the radius of the cylindrical reflecting surface. For example, the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are arranged at positions slightly offset from the position of 1/2 of the radius of the cylindrical reflecting surface toward the central axis C1. The optimum viewing position of the image display apparatus 1 is determined by the positions of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj 2.

Fig. 5 shows an example of characteristic parameters related to the relationship between the observation distance and the viewpoint position in the image display apparatus 1. In fig. 5, the meanings of the respective symbols are as follows.

Lcmax: crosstalk allowable limit distance

Lmax: maximum allowable distance for image loss

Lmin: minimum image loss allowable distance

Lop: optimal viewing distance

θ conv: beam angle between viewpoints

θ fov: horizon (FOV)

θ d: horizontal spread angle

Fig. 6 shows an example of the values of the main characteristic parameters (the crosstalk allowable limit distance Lcmax, the maximum image loss allowable distance Lmax, and the minimum image loss allowable distance Lmin) in the case where the optimal observation distance Lop (optimal observation position) is changed in the image display apparatus 1. In addition, fig. 7 shows an example of values of similar main characteristic parameters in the case where the horizontal spread angle is changed in the image display apparatus 1.

Fig. 6 and 7 show values in the case where the display size in the horizontal direction of the viewpoint image is 100mm and the inter-eye distance is 65 mm. In addition, fig. 6 shows the value in the case where the horizontal diffusion angle θ d is 3 °.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the distance range in which image loss does not occur in the case where the optimum observation position is changed is a distance range (Lmax-Lmin) between the maximum image loss allowable distance Lmax and the minimum image loss allowable distance Lmin. Further, the distance range equal to or smaller than the crosstalk allowable limit distance Lcmax is a distance range where crosstalk does not occur. The values of the respective characteristic parameters shown in fig. 5 to 7 are determined according to the use conditions.

[1.2 Effect ]

As described above, according to the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment, the projection sections (the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2) that are rotatably moved output projection light that forms two viewpoint images on the left and right, and the projection sections are rotatably moved to positions corresponding to the viewpoint positions, which enables a three-dimensional image with high display quality to be displayed in a wide range without increasing its constituent size.

It is noted that the effects described herein are merely exemplary and not limiting, and that other effects are possible. The same applies to the effects of the other embodiments described below.

<2 > second embodiment

Next, an image display device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, substantially the same components as those of the image display apparatus according to the above-described first embodiment are denoted by the same reference symbols, and description thereof is appropriately omitted.

Fig. 8 schematically shows a main part of a configuration example of an image display device 1A according to the second embodiment in a plan view.

In the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment, the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are fixed in the direction (observation distance direction) orthogonal to the rotational movement direction. In addition, the interval between the first projector module Pj1 and the second projector module Pj2 is fixed to a constant value.

In contrast to this, in the image display device 1A according to the second embodiment, in the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2, the position Zpj of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 in the direction orthogonal to the rotational movement direction is variable. In addition, the interval Xpj in the horizontal direction between the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 is variable. This enables adjustment of the respective output positions of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 from the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 in the image display device 1A. This enables adjustment of the respective light condensing positions (focal positions) of the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj 2.

In the image display apparatus 1A according to the second embodiment, the viewpoint position detector 11 detects, for example, a viewpoint position in the observation distance direction in addition to the horizontal direction of the observer. The projector module position controller 12 rotationally moves the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 to positions corresponding to the viewpoint positions in the horizontal direction detected by the viewpoint position detector 11, and moves the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 to positions corresponding to the viewpoint positions in the observation distance direction. Accordingly, the projector module position controller 12 controls the positions Zpj of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 and the interval Xpj between the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 to adjust the respective light collection positions of the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj2 to positions corresponding to the viewpoint positions in the observation distance direction detected by the viewpoint position detector 11.

Fig. 9 shows an example of characteristic parameters relating to the relationship between the observation distance Lo (observation position) and the viewpoint position in the image display apparatus 1A. In fig. 9, portions having similar meanings as in fig. 5 are denoted by similar symbols. Fig. 10 shows an example of the relationship between the observation distance Lo and the positions Zpj of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 in the image display device 1A. Fig. 11 shows an example of the relationship between the observation distance Lo and the interval Xpj between the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 in the image display device 1A. As shown in fig. 8, the positions of the rotation center axes of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 (the center axis C1 of the cylindrical reflecting surface of the reflective cylindrical screen 2) are set to "-100", and the value of the position Zpj in fig. 10 is changed in the + direction so that the distance from the rotation center axis increases.

In the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the optimum observation distance Lop is fixed to a constant value, and the distance allowing comfortable observation centered on the optimum observation position is restricted. In contrast to this, in the image display apparatus 1A according to the second embodiment, the positions Zpj of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 and the interval Xpj between the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are optimized according to the viewpoint position in the observation distance direction, which enables a wide range of comfortable observation not only in the horizontal direction but also in the observation distance direction.

Other configurations, operations, and effects may be substantially similar to those of the image display device according to the first embodiment described above.

<3. third embodiment >

Next, an image display device according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, substantially the same components as those of the image display apparatus according to the above-described first or second embodiment are denoted by the same reference symbols, and description thereof is appropriately omitted.

Fig. 12 schematically shows a main part of a configuration example of an image display device 1B according to the third embodiment in a plan view. Fig. 13 schematically shows a main part of a configuration example of a side cross section of the image display device 1B.

In the image display apparatus 1A according to the second embodiment, the positions Zpj of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 and the interval Xpj between the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are variable, which makes it possible to adjust the light condensing position (focal position) of each of the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj 2.

In contrast, the image display device 1B according to the third embodiment includes the light collection position adjustment lens 21 for adjusting the light collection position of each of the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj 2. In the image display apparatus 1B, as in the image display apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment, the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 may be fixed in a direction (observation distance direction) orthogonal to the rotational movement direction. In addition, in the image display apparatus 1B, as in the image display apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment, the interval between the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 may be fixed to a constant value.

In the third embodiment, the first projector module Pj1, the second projector module Pj2, and the light collection position adjustment lens 21 correspond to a specific example of "projection section" in the technique of the present disclosure.

The light condensing position adjustment lens 21 is arranged on the optical path of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 output from the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2, between the cylindrical reflective surface of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 and the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj 2. The light collection position adjustment lens 21 is movable in a direction orthogonal to the rotational movement direction of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj 2. This enables adjustment of the light collection position of each of the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj 2. It should be noted that fig. 12 shows a constitution example in which the light collection position adjustment lens 21 is a concave lens; however, a configuration may be adopted in which the light condensing position adjusting lens 21 is a convex lens.

In the image display apparatus 1B according to the third embodiment, the viewpoint position detector 11 detects, for example, a viewpoint position in the observation distance direction in addition to the horizontal direction of the observer. The projector module position controller 12 rotationally moves the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position in the horizontal direction detected by the viewpoint position detector 11, and moves the light collection position adjustment lens 21 to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position in the observation distance direction. Accordingly, the projector module position controller 12 controls the position of the light condensing position adjustment lens 21 to adjust the light condensing position of each of the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj2 to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position in the observation distance direction detected by the viewpoint position detector 11.

Fig. 14 shows a relationship between the observation distance Lo (observation position) and the lens position of the light condensing position adjusting lens 21 in the image display device 1B. As shown in fig. 12, the rotation center axes of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 (the center axis C1 of the cylindrical reflecting surface of the reflective cylindrical screen 2) are set as the origin, and the value of the lens position in fig. 14 is changed in one direction so that the distance from the rotation center axis increases. For example, in the case where the light collection position adjustment lens 21 is a concave lens, as shown in fig. 14, moving the light collection position adjustment lens 21 away from the rotational center axis makes it possible to increase the observation distance Lo.

Other configurations, operations, and effects may be substantially similar to those of the image display apparatus according to the first or second embodiment described above.

<4. fourth embodiment >

Next, an image display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, substantially the same components as those of the image display apparatus according to any one of the above-described first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference symbols, and description thereof is omitted as appropriate.

In the image display devices according to the above-described first to third embodiments, the case where each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 outputs projection light forming one viewpoint image is described; however, the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 may output projection light forming a plurality of viewpoint images.

Fig. 15 schematically shows a main part of a configuration example of an image display device 1C according to a fourth embodiment.

Fig. 15 shows an example in which each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 outputs projection light forming three viewpoint images. In addition, fig. 15 shows a configuration example in the case of displaying a color image. It should be noted that a configuration may be adopted in which each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 outputs projection light forming two viewpoint images or four or more viewpoint images.

For example, each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 may include a scanning type projector that generates a viewpoint image by scanning a plurality of laser beams incident on a single scanning mirror at different angles, as shown in fig. 15.

In the image display device 1C, the first projector module Pj1 includes a plurality of

light sources

30R, 30G, and 30B, a dichroic prism 31, a condenser lens 32, and a scanning mirror 33.

The light source 30R is a laser light source that emits a plurality of beams of R (red) color. The light source 30G is a laser light source that emits a plurality of light beams of G (green) color. The light source 30B is a laser light source that emits a plurality of beams of B (blue) color. Each of the light source 30R, the light source 30G, and the light source 30B includes, for example, an edge emitting laser array or a VCSEL (vertical cavity surface emitting laser). It should be noted that fig. 15 illustrates only a plurality of green light beams (first projection light Lpj11, second projection light Lpj12, and third projection light Lpj13) from the light source 30G as a representative.

Dichroic prism 31 has a plurality of surfaces. Light source 30R is opposite to the first surface of dichroic prism 31. Light source 30G is opposite a second surface of dichroic prism 32. The light source 30B is opposite to the third surface of the dichroic prism 30.

The dichroic prism 30 combines the optical paths of the plurality of red light beams incident on the first surface, the optical paths of the plurality of green light beams incident on the second surface, and the optical paths of the plurality of blue light beams incident on the third surface, and outputs the plurality of light beams of each color from the fourth surface to the scanning mirror 33.

The condenser lens 32 condenses the plurality of light beams of each color output from the dichroic prism 31 toward the scan mirror 33 at angles different from each other.

The scanning mirror 33 is, for example, a biaxial MEMS mirror having a mirror surface tiltable around two axes. The scanning mirror 33 two-dimensionally scans each of the plurality of light beams (the first projection light Lpj11, the second projection light Lpj12, and the third projection light Lpj13) of each color toward the inner surface of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

The second projector module Pj2 also has a substantially similar configuration to the first projector module Pj1, and outputs each of the first projected light Lpj21, the second projected light Lpj22, and the third projected light Lpj23 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction toward the inner surface of the reflective cylindrical screen 2.

Fig. 16 schematically shows the viewpoint range of the image display apparatus 1C.

In the image display device 1C, for example, the first projection light Lpj11, the second projection light Lpj12, and the third projection light Lpj13 from the first projector module Pj1 form respective three viewpoint images in different regions (the first projection region Ar11, the second projection region Ar12, and the third projection region Ar13) around the left eye 4L of the observer in the horizontal direction. In addition, the first projection light Lpj21, the second projection light Lpj22, and the third projection light Lpj23 from the second projector module Pj2 form respective three viewpoint images in different regions (the first projection region Ar21, the second projection region Ar22, and the third projection region Ar23) around the right eye 4R of the observer in the horizontal direction.

As described above, in the image display device 1C, a plurality of viewpoint images are formed around each of the left eye 4L and the right eye 4R in the horizontal direction. This enables a three-dimensional image with high display quality to be displayed in a wide range in the horizontal direction. For example, at the viewpoint position in (a) of fig. 16, the observer observes a three-dimensional image by the first projection light Lpj11 from the first projector module Pj1 and the first projection light Lpj21 from the second projector module Pj 2. At the viewpoint position in (B) of fig. 16, the observer observes a three-dimensional image by the second projection light Lpj12 from the first projector module Pj1 and the second projection light Lpj22 from the second projector module Pj 2. At the viewpoint position in (C) of fig. 16, the observer observes a three-dimensional image by the third projection light Lpj13 from the first projector module Pj1 and the third projection light Lpj23 from the second projector module Pj 2.

In the image display apparatuses according to the first to third embodiments described above, a three-dimensional image is displayed by viewpoint images from two viewpoints. At this time, for example, the diffusion angles in the horizontal direction of the two projection light beams forming the viewpoint images from the two viewpoints are set to diffusion angles corresponding to the convergence angles of the two eyes at the optimum observation positions. In this case, even in a case where the viewpoint position of the observer is detected and the projection section is operated to condense the two projection light beams to the positions of both eyes, a detection error or a tracking delay may occur in the viewpoint position detector 11, and the viewpoint image may not be displayed at the correct viewpoint position. To compensate for this, it is necessary to set a wide spread angle in a range where crosstalk is not significant. In contrast to this, in the image display device 1C according to the fourth embodiment, for example, a plurality of viewpoint images from each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are displayed within the range of the convergence angle of both eyes instead of displaying the viewpoint images at a wide spread angle, which enables appropriate display of a three-dimensional image to be maintained even if the viewpoint position is moved to some extent in the horizontal direction. In the image display apparatus 1C according to the fourth embodiment, for example, a filter may be applied in the time direction to reduce the detection noise of the viewpoint position in the viewpoint-position detector 11, thereby removing the noise. Therefore, the viewpoint position is detected only in a case where the movement of the viewpoint position is slow to some extent, which enables reduction of a display error of the three-dimensional image caused by a detection error or the like.

Other configurations, operations, and effects may be substantially similar to those of the image display apparatus according to any one of the first to third embodiments described above.

<5. fifth embodiment >

Next, an image display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, substantially the same components as those of the image display apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference symbols, and description thereof is appropriately omitted.

In the image display apparatuses according to the first to fourth embodiments described above, a configuration example in the case where only one observer exists is described; however, similarly to the configuration examples shown in fig. 17 to 19 described below, providing a plurality of projection sections enables a three-dimensional image to be displayed to a plurality of observers. In this case, the viewpoint-position detector 11 detects the viewpoint position of each of the plurality of observers. Each of the plurality of projection sections is rotatably movable. The projector module position controller 12 rotationally moves the plurality of projection sections to respective positions corresponding to the viewpoint positions of different observers detected by the viewpoint position detector 11.

Fig. 17 schematically shows a main part of an image display device 1D-1 according to a first constitutional example of the fifth embodiment in a plan view. Fig. 18 schematically shows a main part of an image display device 1D-2 according to a second constitutional example of the fifth embodiment in a plan view. Fig. 19 schematically shows, in plan view, the main portions of an image display device 1D-3 according to a third constitutional example of the fifth embodiment.

Each of the image display devices 1D-1, 1D-2, and 1D-3 according to the first to third constitutional examples includes three projection sections (the first projector unit PjA, the second projector unit PjB, and the third projector unit PjC) as a plurality of projection sections. It should be noted that a configuration may be adopted in which two projection sections (projector units) or four or more projection sections (projector units) are provided.

Each of the first to third projector units PjA, PjB, and PjC includes a first projector module Pj1 and a second projector module Pj2, which have substantially similar configurations to those in the image display apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth embodiments described above.

In the image display device 1D-1 according to the first constitutional example, as shown in fig. 17, each of the first to third projector units PjA, PjB, and PjC is arranged on the circumference of one track 3. The respective first to third projector units PjA, PjB and PjC are rotatably movable on the circumference of one track 3 independently of each other.

As shown in fig. 18, the image display device 1D-2 according to the second constitutional example includes two

circular tracks

3A and 3B different in diameter from each other in place of the one track 3. The two

tracks

3A and 3B are arranged on the same plane. The central axis of each of the two

tracks

3A and 3B substantially coincides with the central axis C1 of the reflective cylindrical screen 2. Each of the first to third projector units PjA, PjB, and PjC is arranged on the circumference of one of the two

tracks

3A and 3B. In fig. 18, the first projector unit PjA is arranged on the circumference of the track 3A, and the second projector unit PjB and the third projector unit PjC are arranged on the circumference of the track 3B.

Like the image display device 1D-2 according to the second constitutional example, the image display device 1D-3 according to the third constitutional example includes two

circular tracks

3A and 3B different in diameter from each other in place of the one track 3, as shown in fig. 19. However, in the image display device 1D-3 according to the third constitutional example, the two

rails

3A and 3B are stacked on planes different from each other (at positions different from each other in the Y direction in fig. 19). For example, the rail 3A is arranged in a plane including the sheet surface of fig. 19, and the rail 3B is arranged above or below the plane including the sheet surface. The other constitution is similar to that in the image display device 1D-2 according to the second constitutional example.

The

rails

3A and 3B in the image display devices 1D-2 and 1D-3 according to the second and third constitutional examples correspond to a specific example of "a rotation driving mechanism part" in the technique of the present disclosure.

Other configurations, operations, and effects may be substantially similar to those of the image display apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth embodiments described above.

<6. sixth embodiment >

Next, an image display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, substantially the same components as those of the image display apparatus according to any one of the above-described first to fifth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is appropriately omitted.

Fig. 20 schematically shows a configuration example of an image display device 1E according to the sixth embodiment in a plan view.

An image display device 1E according to the sixth embodiment has a configuration corresponding to the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment, which includes a transmission type cylindrical screen 2A instead of the reflection type cylindrical screen 2.

In the sixth embodiment, the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A corresponds to a specific example of the "diffusion member" in the technique of the present disclosure.

Fig. 21 schematically shows a configuration example of a transmission type cylindrical screen 2A in the image display device 1E. Fig. 22 schematically shows an equivalent configuration example of the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A in the image display device 1E.

The transmission type cylindrical screen 2A is a diffusion member having anisotropic diffusion characteristics, which provides different light diffusion characteristics in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. As shown in fig. 22, the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A has a cylindrical surface, both surfaces (inner peripheral surface and outer peripheral surface) of which have a lens function equivalent to a constitution in which two lenticular lenses (a first lenticular lens 41A and a second lenticular lens 42A) having thicknesses equal to focal lengths f1 and f2, respectively, are opposed to each other.

The cylindrical surface of the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A functions as a light condensing member which condenses the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj 2. The transmission type cylindrical screen 2A includes, for example, a transmission type holographic optical element (HOE: holographic optical element). In the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A, as shown in fig. 21, for example, the inner circumferential surface is the first HOE surface 41, and the outer circumferential surface is the second HOE surface 42. The first HOE surface 41 serves as a first lenticular lens 41A shown in fig. 22. The second HOE surface 42 serves as a second cylindrical lens 42A as shown in fig. 22. Adjusting the ratio of the respective focal lengths f1 and f2 of the first HOE surface 41 and the second HOE surface 42 of the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A enables the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj2 to be condensed at the optimal observation positions. Light diffusion characteristics including relatively narrow diffusion in the horizontal direction and relatively wide diffusion in the vertical direction are provided to both or one of the first HOE surface 41 and the second HOE surface 42 of the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A. Accordingly, the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A diffuses each of the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj2 such that the diffusion in the horizontal direction is relatively narrow and the diffusion in the vertical direction is relatively wide, while concentrating the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj2 toward the respective viewpoint positions of the observer on the cylindrical surface.

In the sixth embodiment, the cylindrical surface of the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A corresponds to a specific example of the "light condensing member" in the technique of the present disclosure.

Other configurations, operations, and effects may be substantially similar to those of the image display apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment described above.

(modified example)

In the image display devices according to the second to fifth embodiments, a configuration may be adopted in which the reflection type cylindrical screen 2 is replaced with the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A.

<7 > seventh embodiment

Next, an image display device according to a seventh embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, substantially the same components as those of the image display apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference symbols, and description thereof is appropriately omitted.

Fig. 23 schematically shows a configuration example of an image display device 1F according to a seventh embodiment in a plan view. Fig. 24 schematically shows a configuration example of a side cross section of an image display device 1F according to a seventh embodiment.

An image display apparatus 1F according to the seventh embodiment has a configuration corresponding to the image display apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment, including a transparent cover 5 and a reflective flat screen 6 instead of the reflective cylindrical screen 2.

The transparent cover 5 has a cylindrical shape, and is arranged at a position substantially similar to that of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 in the image display apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment. It should be noted that the transparent cover 5 basically has no lens function and light diffusing function, and may be omitted from this constitution.

For example, in a plan view, the reflective flat screen 6 is arranged substantially around the middle. The reflective flat screen 6 has a reflective flat surface having a lens function equivalent to that of a fresnel lens. The reflective flat screen 6 includes, for example, a holographic optical element (HOE: holographic optical element), and the reflective flat surface having a lens function is a HOE surface. In the image display apparatus 1F, each of the first projector module Pj1 and the second projector module Pj2 outputs projection light to the reflective flat surface of the reflective flat screen 6. The HOE surface of the reflective flat screen 6 is provided with light diffusion characteristics including relatively narrow diffusion in the horizontal direction and relatively wide diffusion in the vertical direction. Thus, the reflective flat screen 6 diffuses the first and second projected light Lpj1 and Lpj2 from the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2, resulting in a relatively narrow diffusion in the horizontal direction and a relatively wide diffusion in the vertical direction, while focusing the first and second projected light Lpj1 and Lpj2 toward respective viewpoint positions of the observer on the reflective flat surface.

In the seventh embodiment, the reflective flat screen 6 corresponds to a specific example of the "diffusion member" in the technique of the present disclosure. In the seventh embodiment, the reflective flat surface of the reflective flat screen 6 corresponds to a specific example of the "light condensing member" in the technique of the present disclosure.

Fig. 25 schematically shows an example of the relationship between the projection elevation angle θ and the rotational movement directions of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 in the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment. Fig. 26 schematically shows an example of the relationship between the projection elevation angle θ and the rotational movement directions of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 in the image display device 1F according to the seventh embodiment.

In the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 25, it is preferable that the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are rotationally moved on a plane in which the projection elevation angle θ with respect to the cylindrical reflection surface of the reflection type cylindrical screen 2 is constant.

Also, in the image display device 1F according to the seventh embodiment, as shown in fig. 26, it is preferable that the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are rotationally moved on a plane in which the projection elevation angle θ with respect to the reflective flat surface of the reflective flat screen 6 is constant.

Here, in order to make the projection elevation angle θ constant, the planes in which the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 rotationally move differ between the case of using the reflective cylindrical screen 2 and the case of using the reflective flat screen 6. In the case of using the reflection type cylindrical screen 2, as shown in fig. 25, the rotational movement is performed on a plane (ZX plane) which is not inclined to the vertical direction (Y axis). The track 3 is arranged in the ZX plane.

In the case of using the reflection type flat screen 6, as shown in fig. 26, the rotation movement is performed on a plane inclined to the vertical direction (Y axis). In this case, the tilt angle is an angle corresponding to the projection elevation angle θ. The track 3 is arranged in an inclined plane.

Fig. 27 to 29 show an outline of the incident light vector R and the reflected light vector S on the reflective flat surface (HOE surface) of the reflective flat screen 6.

By causing the projection light to enter the reflective flat surface of the reflective flat screen 6 from a plane at the same angle as the projection elevation angle θ, the elevation angle (angle in YZ cross section of the incident light vector R) with respect to the reflective flat screen 6 is made constant. As a result, the output elevation angle (angle in YZ section of the reflected light vector S) can also be made constant.

<8 > eighth embodiment

Next, an image display device according to an eighth embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, substantially the same components as those of the image display apparatus according to any one of the first to seventh embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference symbols, and description thereof is appropriately omitted.

Fig. 30 schematically shows a configuration example of an image display device 1G according to the eighth embodiment in a plan view. Fig. 31 schematically shows a configuration example of a side cross section of an image display device 1G according to an eighth embodiment.

An image display device 1G according to the eighth embodiment corresponds to the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment, and includes a fresnel lens rotating body 7 and a rotating table 8 instead of the track 3. In addition, the image display device 1G corresponds to the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment, which includes a rotation controller 14 that controls the rotation angle of the fresnel lens rotating body 7, instead of the projector module position controller 12.

In the eighth embodiment, the first projector module Pj1, the second projector module Pj2, and the fresnel lens rotator 7 correspond to specific examples of "projection means" in the technique of the present disclosure. In the eighth embodiment, the rotation controller 14 corresponds to a specific example of "controller" in the technique of the present disclosure.

The fresnel lens rotating body 7 is disposed on the rotating table 8 and is rotatably movable. The rotational center axis of the fresnel lens rotating body 7 substantially coincides with the center axis C1 of the reflective cylindrical screen 2.

Each of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 output from the first projector module Pj1 and the second projector module Pj2 passes through the fresnel lens rotating body 7, and is then condensed by the cylindrical reflection surface of the reflection-type cylindrical screen 2 toward the viewpoint position of the observer. In the image display device 1G, instead of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 rotationally moving, the fresnel lens rotating body 7 rotates, which causes the light collection position of each of the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj2 to substantially coincide with the viewpoint position of the observer.

Rotation controller 14 controls rotary table 8 so that the rotation angle of fresnel lens rotating body 7 becomes an angle corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by viewpoint position detector 11.

<9 > ninth embodiment

Next, an image display device according to a ninth embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, substantially the same components as those of the image display apparatus according to any one of the above-described first to eighth embodiments are denoted by the same reference symbols, and description thereof is appropriately omitted.

Fig. 32 schematically shows a configuration example of an image display device 1H according to the ninth embodiment in a plan view. Fig. 33 schematically shows a configuration example of a side cross section of an image display device 1H according to a ninth embodiment.

An image display apparatus 1H according to the ninth embodiment corresponds to an image display apparatus 1E (fig. 20) according to the sixth embodiment, which includes a reflective eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9 in place of the track 3. In addition, the image display apparatus 1H corresponds to the image display apparatus 1E according to the sixth embodiment, which includes a rotation controller 15 that controls the rotation angle of the reflective eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9 in place of the projector module position controller 12.

In the ninth embodiment, the first projector module Pj1, the second projector module Pj2, and the reflective eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9 correspond to a specific example of "projection section" in the technique of the present disclosure. In the ninth embodiment, the rotation controller 15 corresponds to a specific example of "controller" in the technique of the present disclosure.

The reflective eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9 is arranged at the top (i.e., a position as the top surface of the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A), and is rotatably moved. The rotation center axis of the reflection-type eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9 substantially coincides with the center axis C1 of the transmission-type cylindrical screen 2A. The first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are arranged substantially at the middle position in the top view.

Each of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 output from the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 is reflected by the reflective eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9, and thereafter condensed by the cylindrical surface of the transmission-type cylindrical screen 2A toward the viewpoint position of the observer. In the image display device 1H, instead of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 rotationally moving, the reflective eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9 rotates, which causes the light condensing position of each of the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj2 to substantially coincide with the viewpoint position of the observer.

Rotation controller 15 controls the rotation angle of reflection-type eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9 so that the rotation angle becomes an angle corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by viewpoint position detector 11.

Other configurations, operations, and effects may be substantially similar to those of the image display apparatus 1E according to the sixth embodiment described above.

<10 > tenth embodiment

Next, an image display device according to a tenth embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, substantially the same components as those of the image display apparatus according to any one of the above-described first to ninth embodiments are denoted by the same reference symbols, and description thereof is appropriately omitted.

Fig. 34 schematically shows a configuration example of an image display device 1I according to the tenth embodiment in a plan view. Fig. 35 schematically shows a configuration example of a side cross section of an image display device 1I according to a tenth embodiment.

An image display device 1I according to the tenth embodiment corresponds to the image display device 1E according to the sixth embodiment (fig. 20), which includes a transmissive eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9A and a reflecting mirror 22, instead of the track 3. In addition, the image display device 1I corresponds to the image display device 1E according to the sixth embodiment, which includes a rotation controller 15 that controls the rotation angle of the transmissive eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9A in place of the projector module position controller 12.

In the ninth embodiment, the first projector module Pj1, the second projector module Pj2, the transmissive eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9A, and the reflection mirror 22 correspond to specific examples of "projection means" in the technique of the present disclosure. In the ninth embodiment, the rotation controller 15 corresponds to a specific example of "controller" in the technique of the present disclosure.

The transmissive eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9A is arranged at the bottom (i.e., a position as the bottom surface of the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A), and is rotatably moved. The rotation center axis of the transmissive eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9A substantially coincides with the center axis C1 of the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A. The reflecting mirror 22 is arranged on the optical path between the transmissive eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9A and the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj 2.

Each of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 output from the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 is reflected by the mirror 22 and then passes through the transmissive eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9A. Each of the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj2 that have passed through the transmissive eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9A is condensed by the cylindrical surface of the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A toward the viewpoint position of the observer. In the image display device 1I, instead of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 rotationally moving, the transmissive eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9A rotates, which causes the light condensing position of each of the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj2 to substantially coincide with the viewpoint position of the observer.

Rotation controller 15 controls the rotation angle of transmission type eccentric fresnel lens rotating body 9A so that the rotation angle becomes an angle corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by viewpoint position detector 11.

<11. eleventh embodiment >

Next, an image display device according to an eleventh embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, substantially the same components as those of the image display apparatus according to any one of the first to tenth embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted as appropriate.

[11.1 overview ]

Fig. 36 shows an outline of an appearance of an image display device 1J according to the eleventh embodiment. Fig. 37 schematically shows a main part of a configuration example of the image display device 1J. Fig. 38 schematically shows a configuration example of a side cross section of the image display device 1J.

An image display apparatus 1J according to the eleventh embodiment includes a transmission type cylindrical screen 2A similar to the image display apparatus 1E (fig. 20) according to the sixth embodiment. In addition, the image display apparatus 1J includes a plurality of projection sections, which enables a three-dimensional image to be displayed to a plurality of observers, as with the image display apparatus according to the fifth embodiment. As with the image display apparatus according to the fifth embodiment, the image display apparatus 1J detects respective viewpoint positions of a plurality of observers. Each of the plurality of projection sections is rotatably movable. The projector module position controller 12 rotationally moves the plurality of projection sections to respective positions corresponding to the viewpoint positions of different observers detected by the viewpoint position detector 11.

The image display apparatus 1J includes two projection sections (a first projector unit PjA and a second projector unit PjB) as a plurality of projection sections. The image display apparatus 1J includes two turn tables 50A and 50B corresponding to the two

tracks

3A and 3B in the image display apparatuses 1D-3 (fig. 19) according to the third constitutional example of the fifth embodiment. The first projector unit PjA is disposed on the turntable 50A. The second projector unit PjB is disposed on the turntable 50B. It should be noted that fig. 36 shows the projection section viewed from the outside for the sake of explanation, but a light shielding plate or the like may be provided to prevent the projection section from being viewed from the outside.

Each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB includes first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 having a configuration substantially similar to that of the image display apparatus 1 and the like according to the above-described first embodiment.

The turn tables 50A and 50B have different diameters from each other and are stacked on different planes from each other (different positions in the Y direction in fig. 36). For example, the turntable 50A has a larger diameter than the turntable 50B, and is arranged above the turntable 50B. This enables the turn tables 50A and 50B to rotate independently of each other. In the image display device 1J, rotating each of the turn tables 50A and 50B enables rotationally moving the first and second projector units PjA and PjB independently of each other.

As shown in fig. 37, each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB includes a linear

drive mechanism part

70 and 80, and is linearly movable in a direction (observation distance direction) orthogonal to the rotational movement direction on the

turntable

50A or 50B. This enables adjustment of the output position of the projection light from each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB in the image display device 1J. This enables adjustment of the light condensing position (focal position) of the projection light from each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB.

The projector module position controller 12 rotationally moves the turn tables 50A and 50B to adjust the rotational position of each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position in the horizontal direction of the observer detected by the viewpoint position detector 11. In addition, the projector module position controller 12 linearly moves the first and second projector units PjA and PjB by the linear

drive mechanism parts

70 and 80 to adjust the position of each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB in the viewing distance direction to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position in the viewing distance direction of the observer detected by the viewpoint position detector 11.

The viewpoint-position detector 11 includes a fine-adjustment camera module 51 and a coarse-adjustment camera module 52. The fine camera module 51 and the coarse camera module 52 each detect the viewpoint position of the observer, but differ from each other in the detection range described later.

In the eleventh embodiment, each of the turn tables 50A and 50B corresponds to a specific example of "a rotation driving mechanism part" in the technique of the present disclosure.

In the eleventh embodiment, the trimming camera module 51 corresponds to a specific example of "first detector" in the technique of the present disclosure. In the ninth embodiment, the coarse camera module 52 corresponds to a specific example of "second detector" in the technique of the present disclosure.

For example, as shown in fig. 37, the trimming camera module 51 is included in each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB together with the first and second projector units PjA and PjB. It should be noted that fig. 37 shows an example in which the trimming camera module 51 is configured between the first and second projector units PjA and PjB, but the arrangement of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB and the trimming camera module 51 is not limited to the example shown in fig. 37.

For example, a plurality of (e.g., two to four) coarse camera modules 52 are provided on the outer periphery of the housing 10. The coarse adjustment camera module 52 performs coarse adjustment to determine the number of people around the image display apparatus 1J and their viewpoint positions are to be detected by the fine adjustment camera module 51.

The rotation center axis of each of the turn tables 50A and 50B substantially coincides with the center axis C1 of the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A. Each of the turn tables 50A and 50B includes a hollow part 61 at the center of rotation that allows wiring 62 to be arranged, as shown in fig. 38. Examples of the wiring 62 include an electrical wiring and an optical communication wiring coupled to the first and second projector units PjA and PjB.

In the case where a DC (direct current) motor is disposed at the rotation center as a mechanism that rotationally drives the turn tables 50A and 50B, a configuration is adopted in which, as a position through which the wiring 62 (for example, electrical wiring or optical communication wiring) of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB disposed on the turn tables 50A and 50B passes, the wiring 62 passes through a gap between the turn tables 50A and 50B and the outer peripheral housing. Needless to say, in this case, the wiring 62 is twisted with rotation, and the distance by which the circumference is rubbed increases, resulting in a high possibility of breakage of the wiring. Furthermore, the rotatable angle is greatly limited due to the twisted wiring.

However, in the case where each of the turn tables 50A and 50B has a hollow drive mechanism having no rotational axis around the center thereof, rotation and torsion can be minimized, which allows a large rotation of several turns or more of a rotatable angle. Then, the rotational load can be reduced, which allows high-speed rotation. This improves durability. Further, as with an image display device 1K according to a twelfth embodiment to be described later (fig. 59 to 65), a projection member may be arranged in a hollow member, which increases the degree of freedom of optical design. For example, as with the image display device 1K according to the twelfth embodiment (fig. 59 to 65), a configuration may be adopted in which the omnidirectional lens 310 is used.

Fig. 39 schematically shows a first example of the projection state of the first projector unit PjA in the image display device 1J. Fig. 40 schematically shows a first example of the projection state of the second projector unit PjB in the image display device 1J.

As shown in fig. 39 and 40, the projection light may be projected directly from the first and second projector units PjA and PjB toward the cylindrical surface of the transmission-type cylindrical screen 2A. The observer can observe a three-dimensional image in the first and second projection areas Ar1 and Ar 2. The trimming camera module 51 is capable of detecting the viewpoint position of the observer within a range of a photographing region Ar ω (photographing angle of view) substantially similar to the first and second projection regions Ar1 and Ar 2.

It should be noted that in each of the turn tables 50A and 50B on the opposite (opposite) sides of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB,

standard instruments

91A and 91B serving as shape markers for detecting the viewpoint position by fine-tuning the camera module 51 may be provided, respectively.

Fig. 41 schematically shows a second example of the projection state of the first projector unit PjA in the image display device 1J. Fig. 42 schematically shows a second example of the projection state of the second projector unit PjB in the image display device 1J.

As shown in fig. 41 and 42, a reflecting mirror 23 may be provided on the optical path of the projection light from each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB in each of the turn tables 50A and 50B. Then, the projection light from each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB may be reflected by the reflection mirror 23 and then projected toward the cylindrical surface of the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A. Further, for each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB, the relay lens 24 may be arranged on an optical path between each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB and the reflecting mirror 23.

(example of the configuration of the rotation drive mechanism component)

Fig. 43 and 44 schematically show main parts of a configuration example of the image display device 1J. Fig. 45 schematically shows an exploded state of a main part of a configuration example of the image display apparatus 1J. Fig. 46 schematically shows a main part of a configuration example of the image display device 1J. It should be noted that fig. 43 to 46 show a configuration example in the case where projection light from each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB is reflected by the reflection mirror 23 to be projected, as with the configuration example shown in fig. 41 and 42.

As shown in fig. 43 to 46, for example, the rotary drive mechanism part includes a ring type ultrasonic motor.

As shown in fig. 43 to 46, ring-type ultrasonic motors different in size from each other are arranged below the respective turn tables 50A and 50B, which enables each of the turn tables 50A and 50B to be driven in the rotational direction. The turn tables 50A and 50B may be rotationally driven without interference between the turn tables 50A and 50B and the first and second projector units PjA and PjB. Wiring 62 such as electric wiring and optical communication wiring of each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB is coupled from the middle hollow part 61 to a not-shown system circuit part and a not-shown power supply part disposed therebelow.

Fig. 47 and 48 show a modified example of the rotation drive mechanism part in the image display device 1J. Fig. 47 schematically shows a planar configuration example of a rotary drive mechanism part according to a modified example. Fig. 48 schematically shows an example of an external configuration of a rotary drive mechanism component according to a modified example.

As shown in fig. 47 and 48, the rotary drive mechanism part may have a configuration including a gear drive type motor arranged on the outer circumference. As shown in fig. 47 and 48, a turntable-side gear 53 and a drive-side gear 54 that meshes with the turntable-side gear 53 may be provided in an outer peripheral portion of each of the

turntables

50A and 50B. The driving side gear 54 may be driven by a DC motor 55. The turntable-side gear 53 can be driven by a DC motor 55 via a drive-side gear 54.

In the case where the turn tables 50A and 50B are rotationally driven according to the viewpoint position of the observer, the ring type ultrasonic motor has a short start-up time and a short reverse time, which enables to quickly follow the fine and quick behavior of the observer. In contrast, the gear drive type motor arranged on the outer periphery has a long start time and a long reverse time, but can follow a movement such as a continuous rapid movement of the observer in a certain direction at a high speed. It is sufficient if a motor corresponding to the intended movement of the observer is selected. Furthermore, the use of these two motors complicates the construction, but makes it possible to follow both fine and fast behavior and movements such as continuous fast movements in a certain direction.

[11.2 method of detecting viewpoint position ]

Fig. 49 schematically shows the arrangement of the fine adjustment camera module 51 and the coarse adjustment camera module 52 in the image display apparatus 1J. It should be noted that the trimming camera module 51 incorporated in each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB enables independent detection of the viewpoint position in each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB. The method of detecting each viewpoint position in the first and second projector units PjA and PjB is similar; therefore, a method of detecting the viewpoint position is described below without distinguishing the first and second projector units PjA and PjB.

For example, the detection range of the position of the viewing point by the fine-tuning camera module 51 is at least a partial range within the range (the first and second projection areas Ar1 and Ar2) where the projection light (the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2) of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 is actually projected. The fine-adjustment camera module 51 detects the viewpoint position in a range near the area where the projection light is actually projected.

A plurality of coarse camera modules 52 are provided on the outer periphery of the housing 10 of the image display device 1J. The range of detection of the position of the point of view by the plurality of coarse camera modules 52 includes, for example, the entire range over which the projected light can be projected. The plurality of coarse camera modules 52 detect the viewpoint position on, for example, substantially the entire periphery (i.e., 360 ° periphery) of the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A.

The coarse cameras used in coarse camera module 52 have been used in a variety of human recognition techniques. However, the compact camera module has low spatial resolution, and there is a problem that it is impossible to precisely control the position with the projected image. Accordingly, the trimming camera module 51 is arranged on the turn tables 50A and 50B together with the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 that project images. In this way, the fine-tuning camera module 51 rotates and moves simultaneously with the image, which enables improvement of the detection accuracy of the viewpoint position and the position adjustment accuracy of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 according to the viewpoint position.

In the image display apparatus 1J, the coarse camera module 52 can roughly track the viewpoint position of the observer; therefore, it is sufficient if the fine-tuning camera module 51 tracks the viewpoint position finely within a narrow range after tracking the viewpoint position roughly. This enables narrowing the field of view of the detection lens system in the fine adjustment camera module 51. As an effect, the resolution per pixel can be finely controlled so as to capture only an image of a range close to the face or eyes of the observer.

Fig. 50 schematically shows a first example of a method of detecting a viewpoint position in the image display apparatus 1J.

The first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 output first and second projected lights Lpj1 and Lpj2 that include first and second detection markers Ir1 and Ir2, respectively. Therefore, as shown in fig. 50, the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2 are drawn in the vertical direction. The wavelengths used as the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2 are preferably near infrared wavelengths, but are not limited to near infrared wavelengths.

The trimming camera module 51 detects the projection positions of the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2 and the positions of both eyes of the observer. The projector module position controller 12 calculates the difference between the projection positions of the first and second detection markers Ir1 and Ir2 and the eye position of the observer. For example, (a) of fig. 50 shows an example in which the projection positions of the first and second detection markers Ir1 and Ir2 are moved rightward from both eyes of the observer when viewed from the vernier camera module 51. Fig. 50 (B) shows an example in which the projection positions of the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2 coincide with both eyes of the observer. Fig. 50 (C) shows an example in which the projection positions of the first and second detection markers Ir1 and Ir2 are moved leftward from both eyes of the observer when viewed from the vernier camera module 51.

The projector module position controller 12 rotationally moves the turn tables 50A and 50B based on the difference between the projection positions of the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2 and the position of the observer's eyes, for example, to adjust each of the rotational positions of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB to a position corresponding to the detected viewpoint position in the horizontal direction of the observer.

In the case of performing color display, the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 include, for example, light sources of three colors, i.e., R (red), G (green), and B (blue). In this case, each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 includes, for example, a near-infrared light source in addition to light sources of three colors to output a viewpoint image including, in part, the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2 in the vertical direction. In this case, the trimming camera module 51 is configured to include detection means having visible light sensitivity and near-infrared light sensitivity so as to detect the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir 2. The trimming camera module 51 has visible light sensitivity, which enables simultaneous detection of the positions of the eyes or face of the observer and the positions of the near-infrared first and second detection markers Ir1 and Ir 2. The projector module position controller 12 rotationally moves the turn tables 50A and 50B so that, for example, the positions of the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2 coincide with the positions of the left eye 4L and the right eye 4R, and the position of each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB follows the viewpoint position of the observer. This allows extremely high accuracy in tracking. It should be noted that the trimming camera module 51 may not be integrated into each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB as long as the trimming camera module 51 is located on each of the turn tables 50A and 50B.

Fig. 51 schematically shows a second example of a method of detecting a viewpoint position in the image display apparatus 1J.

The image display apparatus 1J may further include a shape mark that moves with the rotation of the projection section. The trim camera module 51 may be capable of detecting the position of the shape mark relative to the observer and the position of the eyes of the observer. Projector module position controller 12 may rotationally move the projection component based on a difference between the position of the shape marker relative to the observer and the position of the observer's eyes.

For example,

standard instruments

91A and 91B as shape marks may be provided on the opposite sides of the turn tables 50A and 50B from the first and second projector units PjA and PjB, respectively.

The fine adjustment camera module 51 detects the standard reference position 91C of each of the

standard instruments

91A and 91B and the positions of both eyes of the observer. The projector module position controller 12 calculates the difference between the standard reference position 91C and the eye position of the observer. For example, (a) of fig. 51 shows an example in which the standard reference position 91C is moved rightward from both eyes of the observer when viewed from the vernier camera module 51. Fig. 51 (B) shows an example in which the standard reference position 91C coincides with both eyes of the observer. Fig. 51 (C) shows an example in which the standard reference position 91C is moved leftward from both eyes of the observer when viewed from the vernier camera module 51.

In this second detection method, it is not necessary to include detection marks in the image to be projected, as in the first detection method in fig. 50. For example, a shape mark, for example, a protrusion as a structure is arranged on each of the turn tables 50A and 50B at a position opposite to the trimming camera module 51, and tracking control is performed to adjust a position (standard reference position 91C) extending above the shape mark to the position of the eyes or face of the observer. In this case, an infrared light source or the like for generating a detection mark in the first detection method is not necessary, thereby realizing a low-cost configuration.

[11.3 Linear drive mechanism example of projector Unit (projection Member) ]

In the image display device 1J, linear

driving mechanism parts

70 and 80 are provided on both sides of the first projector unit PjA and the second projector unit PjB. This allows the first and second projector units PjA and PjB to move linearly in a direction (observation distance direction) orthogonal to the rotational movement direction. This enables adjustment of the light condensing position (focal position) of the projection light from each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB. The linear

drive mechanism components

70 and 80 may comprise a linear motion ultrasonic motor or a stepper motor.

(Linear drive mechanism Using ultrasonic Motor)

Fig. 52 and 53 schematically show a first example of the linear driving mechanism of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB in the image display device 1J. Fig. 52 shows a plane constitution example. Fig. 53 shows an external configuration example.

The linear drive mechanism member 70 may have a configuration including a shaft 71, a turntable-side bearing 72, a turntable-side bearing 73, a bearing 74, a pressurizing spring 75, a weight 76, and a piezoelectric device 77.

The linear drive mechanism member 80 may have a configuration including a shaft 81, a turntable-side bearing 82, a turntable-side bearing 83, and a bearing 84.

Each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB is linearly movable along the shaft 71 of the linear drive mechanism part 70 and the shaft 81 of the linear drive mechanism part 80. The linear drive mechanism component 70 includes an ultrasonic motor. The weight 76 is a weight having a high specific gravity for receiving vibration of the piezoelectric device 77 as a vibration source. The laminated piezoelectric device 77 is joined to the front end of the weight 76. A shaft 71 for transmitting a driving force in a sawtooth vibration waveform is located at a front end of the piezoelectric device 77, and a bearing 74 formed in each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB receives the movement of the shaft 71. A pressurizing spring 75 is added to the bearing 74, so that strong sliding friction is generated between the shaft 71 and the bearing 74.

Fig. 54 schematically shows an example of the driving principle of the ultrasonic motor. Fig. 55 schematically shows the relationship between the drive voltage (drive waveform) of the ultrasonic motor and the displacement of the movable member. The positions of (a), (B), and (C) of the drive waveforms in fig. 55 correspond to the states of (a), (B), and (C) of fig. 54.

In the case where the linear drive mechanism part 80 is not driven, the first projector unit PjA and the second projector unit PjB are each held at their linear positions ((a) of fig. 54). In the case of performing the sawtooth driving as shown in fig. 55, the first and second projector units PjA and PjB each slide in a direction in which the inclination of the waveform is steep and follow in a direction in which the inclination of the waveform is gentle; accordingly, the first and second projector units PjA and PjB each move in one direction ((B) and (C) of fig. 54). The direct-acting type ultrasonic motor has a short start time and a short reverse time, which makes it possible to quickly follow the fine and quick behavior of the observer.

(Linear driving mechanism using stepping motor)

Fig. 56 schematically shows a second example of the linear driving mechanism of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB in the image display device 1J. Fig. 56 shows a plane constitution example.

The linear drive mechanism member 70 may have a configuration including a turntable-side front end pivot bearing 72A, a turntable-side bearing 73, a bearing 74, a tooth-shaped pressurizing spring 75A, a lead screw 78, and a stepping motor 79.

Each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB is linearly movable along the shaft 71 of the linear drive mechanism part 70 and the lead screw 78 of the linear drive mechanism part 80. The teeth of the lead screw 78 mesh with the teeth of the tooth-shaped pressurizing spring 75A. Therefore, rotating the lead screw 78 by the stepping motor 79 enables the first and second projector units PjA and PjB engaged to the tooth pressurizing spring 75A to be linearly moved.

Fig. 57 and 58 schematically show an example of the driving principle of the stepping motor 79.

The stepping motor 79 includes, for example, a circular stator around which a plurality of coils L1, L2, L3, and L4 are wound and a rotor containing a magnet. The rotor is rotatably disposed in the middle of the inner peripheral side of the stator.

The rotation angle of the rotor is determined by which of the plurality of coils L1, L2, L3, and L4 the current passes. Fig. 57 shows a state where a current passes through the coil L1. In this case, the coil L1 becomes an electromagnet (e.g., S pole), and the end (e.g., N pole) of the rotor in the middle is attracted by the magnetic force of the coil L1 to rotate the rotor, and the rotor is stopped at a position opposite to the coil L1. In addition, fig. 58 shows a state where a current passes through the coil L2. In this case, the coil L2 becomes an electromagnet (e.g., S pole), and the end (e.g., N pole) of the rotor in the middle is attracted by the magnetic force of the coil L2 to rotate the rotor, and the rotor is stopped at a position opposite to the coil L2. It should be noted that fig. 57 and 58 show only an example in which the step angle is 90 °; however, increasing the number of poles of the rotor and stator makes it possible to reduce the step angle.

(other Linear drive mechanisms)

Further, a configuration in which a rack and pinion (pinion) type direct current motor is used may be adopted as the linear driving mechanism. The rack and pinion type direct current motor has a long start time and a long reverse time, but can follow a movement such as a continuous rapid movement of an observer in a certain direction at a high speed. The linear driving mechanism using the stepping motor has an intermediate performance between two characteristics of the linear driving mechanism using the rack and pinion type direct current motor and the linear driving mechanism using the ultrasonic motor. It is sufficient if a motor is selected that corresponds to the intended movement of the observer. Furthermore, using these two different systems complicates the construction, but makes it possible to follow both fine and fast behavior and movements such as continuous fast movements in a certain direction.

Other configurations, operations, and effects may be substantially similar to those of the image display apparatus 1 according to the above-described first embodiment, the image display apparatus according to the above-described fifth embodiment, the image display apparatus 1E according to the above-described sixth embodiment, and the like.

<12. twelfth embodiment >

Next, an image display device according to a twelfth embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, substantially the same components as those of the image display apparatus according to any one of the first to eleventh embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted as appropriate.

Fig. 59 shows an outline of an appearance of an image display device 1K according to the twelfth embodiment. Fig. 60 schematically shows a main part of a configuration example of the image display device 1K. Fig. 61 schematically shows a main part of a configuration example of a side cross section of the image display device 1K. Fig. 62 schematically shows a first example of the projection state of the image display apparatus 1K. Fig. 63 schematically shows a second example of the projection state of the image display apparatus 1K.

The image display device 1K according to the twelfth embodiment includes a transmission type cylindrical screen 2A, as with the image display device 1J according to the eleventh embodiment. In addition, the image display apparatus 1K includes, as a projection section, a first projector unit PjA having a configuration similar to that in the image display apparatus 1J according to the eleventh embodiment.

The image display device 1K includes an omnidirectional lens 310 disposed below the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A. Above the omnidirectional lens 310 is a reflective surface 311.

Further, the image display device 1K includes a reflection member 313 disposed below the omnidirectional lens 310. The middle upper portion of the housing 10 and the middle portion of the reflecting member 313 constitute a hollow member 320. The inner surface of the reflecting member 313 is a reflecting surface 312.

The first projector unit PjA is configured to output first projected light Lpj1 and second projected light Lpj2 to the reflective surface 311 of the omnidirectional lens 310. In the hollow member 320, the relay lens 321 may be disposed on the optical paths of the first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj 2.

The first projector unit PjA is configured to be rotatably moved over the entire outer periphery by a rotary drive mechanism such as a ring-type ultrasonic motor in the hollow member 320. Further, the first projector unit PjA includes a linear drive mechanism having a configuration similar to that in the image display device 1J according to the eleventh embodiment, and is linearly movable in the vertical direction (Y direction in fig. 59 to 63).

In the image display device 1K, as shown in fig. 61 to 63, the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 from the first projector unit PjA are reflected by the reflective surface 311 of the upper portion of the omnidirectional lens 310, and then further reflected by the reflective surface 312 of the reflective member 313 disposed below the omnidirectional lens 310. The first projected light Lpj1 and the second projected light Lpj2 reflected by the reflection surface 312 are output toward the cylindrical surface of the transmission-type cylindrical screen 2A via the omnidirectional lens 310. The first projector unit PjA rotationally moves over the entire periphery to form the projection image 330 from the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 over the entire periphery of the reflection surface 312. The projected image 330 formed on the reflecting surface 312 is observed by the observer via the omnidirectional lens 310 and the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A. This enables the observer to observe the projected image 330 on the entire periphery of the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A. Fig. 62 and 63 schematically illustrate the projection state of the image display device 1K in a case where the observers are located at positions different from each other.

(modified example)

Fig. 64 schematically shows a first modified example of an image display device according to a twelfth embodiment. Fig. 65 shows a second modified example of the image display device according to the twelfth embodiment.

The outer shapes of the omnidirectional lens 310 and the reflection member 313 are not limited to the shapes shown in fig. 59 to 63. In addition, the omnidirectional lens 310 and the reflection part 313 may be constructed with different members. For example, as shown in fig. 64, a configuration may be adopted in which an omnidirectional lens 310A having an outer diameter different from that of the reflecting member 313 is included. As shown in fig. 65, a structure including a reflecting member 313A having a reflecting surface 313 with a straight cross section may be employed.

Further, the omnidirectional lens 310 is not limited to a configuration in which the inside thereof is completely filled with a glass material or a transparent resin material, and may have a configuration including a hollow member.

Other configurations, operations, and effects may be substantially similar to those of the image display device 1J according to the above-described eleventh embodiment.

<13. other embodiments >

The technique according to the present disclosure is not limited to the description of the above-described embodiments, and may be modified in various ways.

For example, the present technology may have any of the following configurations. According to the present technology having the following configuration, a multi-viewpoint image having high display quality can be displayed in a wide range without increasing its configuration size.

(1) An image display apparatus comprising:

a projection section, at least a part of which is rotatably moved, which outputs projection light forming at least one viewpoint image;

a light condensing member condensing the projection light;

a diffusion member diffusing the projection light to cause a relatively narrow diffusion in a horizontal direction and a relatively wide diffusion in a vertical direction;

a detector that detects a viewpoint position of an observer; and

a controller rotationally moves at least the portion of the projection component to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by the detector.

(2) The image display device according to (1), wherein at least the portion of the projection section is rotationally moved so that a projection elevation angle with respect to the diffusion member is constant.

(3) The image display device according to (1) or (2), wherein

The projection unit is configured to adjust a light condensing position of the projection light, and

the controller controls the projection section to adjust a light condensing position of the projection light to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by the detector.

(4) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the diffusion member diffuses the projection light to have a diffusion distribution in a horizontal direction that is nearly rectangular.

(5) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the projection means outputs projection light forming three or more viewpoint images.

(6) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein

A plurality of projection components are arranged, and the projection components,

the detector is configured to be able to detect respective viewpoint positions of a plurality of observers,

at least a portion of each of the plurality of projection components is rotatably movable, and

the controller rotationally moves at least the portion of the plurality of projection components to respective positions corresponding to the viewpoint positions of different observers detected by the detector.

(7) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the light condensing member includes a reflective holographic optical element formed on a cylindrical surface.

(8) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the light condensing member has a cylindrical surface having a lens function equivalent to a constitution in which two lenticular lenses having thicknesses equal to respective focal lengths are opposed to each other.

(9) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the light collection member includes a flat surface having a lens function equivalent to a fresnel lens.

(10) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the projection section includes a fresnel lens that is rotatably moved.

(11) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the projection section includes an eccentric fresnel lens that is rotatably moved.

(12) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (6), further comprising a rotation driving mechanism part which is hollow at a rotation center to allow arrangement of wiring, and which rotationally moves the projection part.

(13) The image display device according to (12), wherein the wiring includes an electric wiring and an optical communication wiring coupled to the projection section.

(14) The image display device according to (6), wherein,

the plurality of projection parts are arranged on planes different from each other or circumferences different from each other so that at least the portions are rotatably moved independently of each other, and

the controller rotationally moves at least the portions of the plurality of projection components independently of one another to respective positions corresponding to the viewpoint positions of different observers detected by the detector.

(15) The image display device according to (12) or (13), wherein the rotary drive mechanism part includes a ring type ultrasonic motor or a gear drive type motor arranged on an outer circumference.

(16) The image display device according to (3), wherein the projection means includes a direct-acting type ultrasonic motor or a stepping motor, and is configured to adjust a light condensing position of the projection light by being linearly moved by the direct-acting type ultrasonic motor or the stepping motor.

(17) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (16), wherein the detector includes first and second detectors whose detection ranges are different from each other.

(18) The image display device according to (17), wherein,

the detection range of the first detector is at least a partial range within a range where the projection light is actually projected, and

the detection range of the second detector includes the entire range in which the projection light can be projected.

(19) The image display device according to (17) or (18), wherein,

the projection section outputs projection light including the detection mark,

the first detector is configured to detect a projection position of the detection mark and a position of an eye of the observer, an

The controller rotationally moves at least the portion of the projection component based on a difference between the projected position of the detection mark and the position of the observer's eye.

(20) The image display device according to (17) or (18), further comprising a shape mark that rotationally moves together with at least the portion of the projection section, wherein

The first detector is configured to be able to detect a position of the shape mark relative to the observer and a position of the eyes of the observer, an

The controller rotationally moves at least the portion of the projection component based on a difference between a position of the shape marker relative to the observer and a position of the observer's eye.

This application claims the benefit of japanese priority patent application No.2018-205353, filed in 2018,

month

10, 31 to the present patent office, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alterations may be made in accordance with design requirements and other factors insofar as they are within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. An image display apparatus comprising:

a light condensing member condensing the projection light;

a detector that detects a viewpoint position of an observer; and

2. An image display device according to claim 1, wherein at least the portion of the projection means is rotationally moved so that a projection elevation angle with respect to the diffusing member is constant.

3. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein

4. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein the diffusion member diffuses the projection light to have a diffusion distribution in a horizontal direction that is nearly rectangular.

5. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein the projection means outputs projection light forming three or more viewpoint images.

6. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein

7. The image display device of claim 1, wherein the light collection member comprises a reflective holographic optical element formed on a cylindrical surface.

8. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein the light condensing member has a cylindrical surface having a lens function equivalent to a constitution in which two lenticular lenses having thicknesses equal to respective focal lengths are opposed to each other.

9. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein the light collection member comprises a flat surface having a lens function equivalent to a fresnel lens.

10. The image display apparatus, wherein the projection section includes a fresnel lens that is rotatably moved.

11. The image display device of claim 1, wherein the projection component comprises a rotationally movable eccentric fresnel lens.

12. The image display device according to claim 1, further comprising a rotation drive mechanism part which is hollow at a rotation center to allow arrangement of wiring and rotationally moves the projection part.

13. The image display device of claim 12, wherein the wiring comprises electrical wiring and optical communication wiring coupled to the projection component.

14. The image display device according to claim 6, wherein

15. The image display apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the rotary drive mechanism part comprises a ring type ultrasonic motor or a gear drive type motor arranged on an outer circumference.

16. The image display apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the projection means includes a direct-acting type ultrasonic motor or a stepping motor, and is configured to adjust a light condensing position of the projection light by being linearly moved by the direct-acting type ultrasonic motor or the stepping motor.

17. The image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the detector comprises first and second detectors whose detection ranges are different from each other.

18. The image display device according to claim 17, wherein

19. The image display device according to claim 17, wherein

The projection section outputs projection light including the detection mark,

20. The image display device of claim 17, further comprising a shape marker that moves rotationally with at least the portion of the projection component, wherein