CN112852506B - Aviation alternative fuel blending method for improving ignition performance of gas turbine engine - Google Patents
Aviation alternative fuel blending method for improving ignition performance of gas turbine engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112852506B CN112852506B CN202110043394.9A CN202110043394A CN112852506B CN 112852506 B CN112852506 B CN 112852506B CN 202110043394 A CN202110043394 A CN 202110043394A CN 112852506 B CN112852506 B CN 112852506B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1608—Well defined compounds, e.g. hexane, benzene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/12—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving the cetane number
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/24—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being liquid at standard temperature and pressure
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a blending method of aviation alternative fuel for improving ignition performance of a gas turbine engine, which comprises adding components (1), (2), (3) or a combination thereof to aviation fuel, wherein the component (1) is selected from one or more of methyl cyclopentane, methyl cyclohexane and ethyl cyclohexane; the component (2) is selected from one or more of propylcyclopentane and propylcyclohexane; the component (3) is one or more selected from C7-C10 aromatic hydrocarbon. The invention also discloses an aviation fuel additive and an aviation fuel oil composition. The invention obviously improves the ignition performance of the gas turbine engine, balances the atomization and volatility, the cetane number, the ignition delay, the ignition energy, the heat value and the point extinguishing boundary, and simultaneously enlarges the operating range of the working condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aviation fuels, and particularly relates to an aviation alternative fuel blending method for improving the ignition performance of a gas turbine engine. The invention also relates to aviation fuel additives and aviation fuel oil compositions.
Background
With the diversified demands of green aviation and energy, the 'usability' application technology of the novel alternative fuel in the active aviation engine becomes a key factor of carbon emission reduction and energy safety. Ignition, combustion stability and combustion efficiency of the combustion chamber are closely related to fuel performance, so that the 'usability' application of the novel aviation alternative fuel needs to meet the service performance under the full-flight envelope working condition, and particularly meets the performance requirement under extreme conditions. Cold start and high altitude re-ignition are important parameters for fuel performance and engine safety, and for liquid fuels, the mixture needs to be burned within a certain range of fuel concentration. In an actual engine, however, combustion of fuel is accompanied by a high-speed airflow condition, and the residence time of the fuel in the liner is short. Therefore, the rapid formation of well-mixed combustible mixed gas in a short time greatly affects the combustion process, especially under severe conditions of low temperature.
However, while improving ignition performance, aviation fuel fluidity, combustibility, compatibility, and lubricity cannot be reduced. Meanwhile, the ignition performance of the aviation gas turbine engine comprises the steps of improving low-temperature volatility, reducing lower limit of a combustible boundary, shortening ignition delay time and improving atomization performance. Therefore, if the fuel ignition is successful, how to reasonably balance the atomization and volatility of the fuel, the ignition delay, the ignition energy, the heat value and the point extinguishing boundary is realized, and the working condition operation range is expanded to become a key technology for blending and using aviation alternative fuels.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an aviation alternative fuel blending method for improving the ignition performance of a gas turbine engine, an aviation fuel additive and an aviation fuel oil composition containing the additive, so that the performances such as flowability, combustibility, compatibility, lubricity and the like of jet fuel are not reduced while the requirement on the ignition performance is met.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides an aviation fuel additive comprising the following components: (1) one or more selected from methylcyclopentane, methylcyclohexane, and ethylcyclohexane; (2) one or more selected from the group consisting of propylcyclopentane and propylcyclohexane.
The inventor of the application finds that methylcyclopentane, methylcyclohexane and/or ethylcyclohexane can be used as a volatility improver for low-temperature cold start to meet the volatilization and atomization performance of liquid fuel; propylcyclopentane and propylcyclohexane are useful as flammability boundary improvers for extending low temperature ignition boundaries.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the additive further comprises component (3) selected from one or more of the group consisting of C7-C10 aromatic hydrocarbons. The inventors of the present application have found that the addition of this component balances the density, viscosity, surface tension, and reduces the liquid film length and atomized particle size of the aviation fuel.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, component (3) is selected from one or more of ethylbenzene or propylbenzene.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an aviation fuel oil composition comprising an aviation fuel and an aviation fuel additive as described in the first aspect.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the aviation fuel oil composition is obtainable by adding the aviation fuel additive according to the first aspect of the present invention to an aviation fuel.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the aviation fuel additive is added in an amount of 1.5% to 15% based on the total weight of the composition. According to some embodiments, the aviation fuel additive is added in an amount of 1.5%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, or the like.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, component (1) is added in an amount of 0.5% to 7% based on the total weight of the composition. According to some embodiments, component (1) is added in an amount of 1.5%, 2%, 3%, or 5%, etc.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, component (2) is added in an amount of 0.5% to 10% based on the total weight of the composition. According to some embodiments, component (2) is added in an amount of 0.5%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, or the like.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, component (3) is added in an amount of 0% to 6%, preferably 1% to 6%, based on the total weight of the composition. The addition amount of the ethylbenzene can be 1-3%, and the addition amount of the propylbenzene can be 1-3%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the aviation fuel is an aviation alternative fuel. Preferably, the aviation alternative fuel is selected from fischer-tropsch process jet fuel, hydroprocessed jet fuel, hydrothermal grease hydroprocessed jet fuel or cellulosic hydrothermal-condensation-hydroprocessed fuel.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the source of the jet fuel feedstock for a fischer-tropsch (FT) process is a multi-component, such as coal or natural gas or biomass. According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the fischer-tropsch process jet fuel comprises greater than 99% paraffins. According to some embodiments, the Fischer-Tropsch aviation fuel has a major component of paraffins ≧ 99.5% with a normal carbon number distribution.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the hydroprocessed jet fuel feedstock source may be microalgae (e.g., nannochloropsis, chlorella, chrysophyceae, cerana, etc.) or waste grease. The raw material of the jet fuel in the hydrothermal oil and fat hydrogenation process can be microalgae (nannochloropsis, chlorella, chrysophyceae, coral algae, etc.). The main component of the oil-based aviation oil is paraffin, and the oil-based aviation oil contains a small amount of naphthene. The carbon number distribution of the waste cooking oil, the palm oil, the soybean oil and the rapeseed oil is concentrated in C15-C18, and the carbon number distribution of the coconut oil is concentrated in C11-C14; microalgae, wherein carbon number distribution of Nannochloropsis is concentrated at C12-C16, carbon number distribution of Symplocos chinensis is concentrated at C15-C18, and carbon number distribution of Chlorella vulgaris is concentrated at C14-C18.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the source of the hydroprocessed jet process fuel is a grease and comprises 95% to 97% paraffins and 1% to 3% naphthenes. According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the source of the hydroprocessed jet process fuel is microalgae and comprises 68% to 82% paraffins, 3% to 12% naphthenes, and 7% to 18% aromatics.
The raw material of the cellulose hydrothermal-condensation-hydrogenation fuel can be straws. The cellulosic aviation fuel component contains paraffins and naphthenes. According to some embodiments, the cellulosic hydrothermal-condensation-hydrogenated fuel comprises 52% to 60% paraffins, 26% to 33% naphthenes, and 4.5% to 6.5% naphthalenes.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method of blending aviation replacement fuel to improve the ignition performance of a gas turbine engine, comprising adding to the aviation fuel an aviation fuel additive according to the first aspect of the present invention.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the aviation fuel additive is added in an amount of 1.5% to 15% based on the total weight of the aviation fuel and the additive. According to some embodiments, the aviation fuel additive is added in an amount of 1.5%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, or the like.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, component (1) is added in an amount of 0.5% to 7% based on the total weight of the aviation fuel and the additive. According to some embodiments, component (1) is added in an amount of 1.5%, 2%, 3%, or 5%, etc.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, component (2) is added in an amount of 0.5% to 10% based on the total weight of the aviation fuel and the additive. According to some embodiments, component (2) is added in an amount of 0.5%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, or the like.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, component (3) is added in an amount of 0.5% to 4% based on the total weight of the aviation fuel and the additive. According to some embodiments, component (3) is added in an amount of 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, etc.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the aviation fuel is an aviation alternative fuel. Preferably, the aviation alternative fuel is selected from fischer-tropsch process jet fuel, hydroprocessed jet fuel, hydrothermal grease hydroprocessed jet fuel or cellulosic hydrothermal-condensation-hydroprocessed fuel.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the source of the jet fuel feedstock for a fischer-tropsch (FT) process is a multi-component, such as coal or natural gas or biomass. According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the fischer-tropsch process jet fuel comprises greater than 99% paraffins. According to some embodiments, the Fischer-Tropsch aviation fuel has a major component of paraffins ≧ 99.5% with a normal carbon number distribution.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the hydroprocessed jet fuel feedstock source may be microalgae (e.g., nannochloropsis, chlorella, chrysophyceae, ceratophylla, etc.) or waste grease. The raw material of the jet fuel in the hydrothermal oil and fat hydrogenation process can be microalgae (nannochloropsis, chlorella, chrysophyceae, coral algae, etc.). The main component of the oil-based aviation oil is paraffin, and the oil-based aviation oil contains a small amount of cycloparaffin. The carbon number distribution of the waste cooking oil, the palm oil, the soybean oil and the rapeseed oil is concentrated in C15-C18, and the carbon number distribution of the coconut oil is concentrated in C11-C14; microalgae, wherein carbon number distribution of Nannochloropsis is concentrated at C12-C16, carbon number distribution of Symplocos chinensis is concentrated at C15-C18, and carbon number distribution of Chlorella vulgaris is concentrated at C14-C18.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the source of the hydroprocessed jet process fuel is a grease and comprises 95-97% paraffins and 1-3% naphthenes. According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the source of the hydroprocessed jet process fuel is microalgae and comprises 68-82% paraffins, 3-12% naphthenes and 7-18% aromatics.
The raw material of the cellulose hydrothermal-condensation-hydrogenation aviation fuel process can be straws. The cellulosic aviation fuel component contains paraffins and naphthenes. According to some embodiments, the cellulosic hydrothermal-condensation-hydrogenated fuel comprises 52-60% paraffins, 26-33% naphthenes, and 4.5-6.5% naphthalenes.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a method of blending aviation replacement fuels or improving the production of aviation fuels that improve the ignition performance of gas turbine engines, comprising adding to the aviation fuel components (1), (2), (3), or any combination thereof, such as (1) and (2) in combination, (1) and (3) in combination, (2) and (3) in combination, or (1), (2) and (3) in combination,
wherein component (1) is selected from one or more of methylcyclopentane, methylcyclohexane and ethylcyclohexane;
the component (2) is selected from one or more of propylcyclopentane and propylcyclohexane;
the component (3) is one or more selected from C7-C10 aromatic hydrocarbon.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, component (1) may be added in an amount of 0.5% to 7%, methylcyclopentane may be added in an amount of 0.5% to 2%, methylcyclohexane may be added in an amount of 0.5% to 2% and ethylcyclohexane may be added in an amount of 1% to 3%, based on the total weight of the improved aviation fuel.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, component (2) may be added in an amount of 0.5% to 10%, propylcyclopentane may be added in an amount of 0.5% to 5%, and propylcyclohexane may be added in an amount of 0.5% to 10%, based on the total weight of the improved aviation fuel.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, component (3) is added in an amount of 0% to 6% based on the total weight of the improved aviation fuel. The addition amount of the ethylbenzene can be 1-3%, and the addition amount of the propylbenzene can be 1-3%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the aviation fuel is an aviation alternative fuel. Preferably, the aviation alternative fuel is selected from fischer-tropsch process jet fuel, hydroprocessed jet fuel, hydrothermal grease hydroprocessed jet fuel or cellulosic hydrothermal-condensation-hydroprocessed fuel.
In accordance with embodiments of the invention, a source of jet fuel feedstock for a fischer-tropsch (FT) process is of a multi-component nature, such as coal or natural gas or biomass. According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the fischer-tropsch process jet fuel comprises greater than 99% paraffins. According to some embodiments, the Fischer-Tropsch aviation fuel has a major component of paraffins ≧ 99.5% with a normal carbon number distribution.
According to embodiments of the invention, the hydroprocessed jet fuel feedstock source may be microalgae (e.g., nannochloropsis, chlorella, chrysophyceae, ceratophylla, etc.) or waste grease. The raw material of the jet fuel in the hydrothermal oil and fat hydrogenation process can be microalgae (nannochloropsis, chlorella, chrysophyceae, coral algae, etc.). The main component of the oil-based aviation oil is paraffin, and the oil-based aviation oil contains a small amount of naphthene. The carbon number distribution of the waste cooking oil, the palm oil, the soybean oil and the rapeseed oil is concentrated in C15-C18, and the carbon number distribution of the coconut oil is concentrated in C11-C14; microalgae, wherein carbon number distribution of Nannochloropsis is concentrated at C12-C16, carbon number distribution of Symplocos chinensis is concentrated at C15-C18, and carbon number distribution of Chlorella vulgaris is concentrated at C14-C18.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the source of the hydroprocessed jet process fuel is a grease and comprises 95-97% paraffins and 1-3% naphthenes. According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the source of the hydroprocessed jet process fuel is microalgae and comprises 68-82% paraffins, 3-12% naphthenes and 7-18% aromatics.
The raw material of the cellulose hydrothermal-condensation-hydrogenation aviation fuel process can be straws. The cellulosic aviation fuel component contains paraffins and naphthenes. According to some embodiments, the cellulosic hydrothermal-condensation-hydrogenated fuel comprises 52-60% paraffins, 26-33% naphthenes, and 3.0-6.5% naphthalenes.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention also provides the use of an aviation fuel oil composition as described above in an aircraft engine. In particular, the aircraft engine is a gas turbine engine.
The aviation additive and aviation fuel oil composition provided by the invention obviously improves the ignition performance of a gas turbine engine, not only balances atomization and volatility, cetane number, ignition delay, ignition energy, heat value and ignition boundary, but also expands the working condition operation range. Tests show that the invention can realize 5-10% expansion of low-temperature ignition boundary and 3-10% reduction of atomized particle size and liquid film length.
Detailed Description
In order that the present invention may be more readily understood, the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and the following examples are intended to illustrate specific experimental procedures not described therein, but which are generally conducted in accordance with routine experimentation in the art.
In the present application,% represents weight percent or mass percent unless explicitly stated otherwise.
Use of alternative fuels for aviation in gas turbine engines
The main component of the Fischer-Tropsch aviation fuel is paraffin which is more than or equal to 99.5 percent, and the carbon number distribution of the Fischer-Tropsch aviation fuel is normal. When in use, the volatility improver methyl cyclopentane, methyl cyclohexane or ethyl cyclohexane can be added with one or more than one, the adding range is 0.5-7%, and the low-temperature volatility is improved by 40-80%; one or more of the flammable boundary improving agents of propyl cyclopentane and propyl cyclohexane, the adding range is 0.5% -10%, the low-temperature ignition boundary is enlarged, and the lower limit of the flammable boundary is reduced by 30-100%; the atomization performance improves one or more of additives ethylbenzene and propylbenzene, the addition range is 1-6%, and the size of atomized particles and the length of a liquid film are reduced by 3-10%.
The main component of the oil-based aviation oil is paraffin, which contains a small amount of cycloparaffin, and the microalgae contains aromatic hydrocarbon. The carbon number distribution of the waste cooking oil, the palm oil, the soybean oil and the rapeseed oil is concentrated in C15-C18, coconut oil C11-C14 and microalgae, wherein nannochloropsis C12-C16, san-algae C15-C18 and chlorella C14-C18. . When in use, the volatility improver methyl cyclopentane, methyl cyclohexane or ethyl cyclohexane can be added with one or more than one, the adding range is 3% -7%, and the low-temperature volatility is improved by 60-90%; one or more of the flammable boundary improving agents propyl cyclopentane and propyl cyclohexane, the adding range is 2% -4%, the low-temperature ignition boundary is enlarged, and the lower limit of the flammable boundary is reduced by 50-100%; the waste cooking oil, palm oil, soybean oil and rapeseed oil need to be added with one or more of an atomization performance improver, ethylbenzene and propylbenzene, the addition range is 1-6%, and the size of atomized particles and the length of a liquid film are reduced by 3-10%. The microalgae aviation oil does not need to be added with an atomization performance improving agent.
The cellulosic aviation fuel component contains paraffins and naphthenes. When in use, the volatility improver methyl cyclopentane, methyl cyclohexane or ethyl cyclohexane can be added with one or more than one, the adding range is 0.5-2%, and the low-temperature volatility is improved by 30-60%; one or more of the flammable boundary improving agents of propyl cyclopentane and propyl cyclohexane, the adding range is 0.5% -2%, the low-temperature ignition boundary is enlarged, and the lower limit of the flammable boundary is reduced by 30-60%; the atomization performance improves one or more of additives ethylbenzene and propylbenzene, the addition range is 1-6%, and the size of atomized particles and the length of a liquid film are reduced by 3-10%.
The microalgae hydrothermal hydrogenation aviation fuel component contains paraffin, cycloparaffin and aromatic hydrocarbon. When in use, the volatility improver methyl cyclopentane, methyl cyclohexane or ethyl cyclohexane can be added with one or more than one, the adding range is 0.5-2%, and the low-temperature volatility is improved by 30-60%; one or more of propyl cyclopentane and propyl cyclohexane serving as a combustible boundary improving agent are added in the range of 0.5-2%, the low-temperature ignition boundary is expanded, and the lower limit of the combustible boundary is reduced by 30-60%. The microalgae hydrothermal aviation oil does not need to be added with an atomization performance improving agent.
Example 1
Adding 0.5% of volatility improver methyl cyclopentane, 1% of methyl cyclohexane and 3% of ethyl cyclohexane into the coal-based Fischer-Tropsch aviation fuel; 2% of flammable boundary improver propyl cyclopentane and 6% of propyl cyclohexane; 2% of ethyl benzene and 3% of propyl benzene as atomization performance improving additives. The improved fuel obtained by the method is used for a gas turbine engine, and the low-temperature volatility is improved by 60-100%; the lower limit of the combustible boundary is reduced by 50-100%; the size of the atomized particles and the length of the liquid film are reduced by 5 to 10 percent.
Example 2
Adding 0.5% of volatility improver methyl cyclopentane, 1% of methyl cyclohexane and 1% of ethyl cyclohexane into the natural gas Fischer-Tropsch aviation fuel; 1% of flammable boundary improver propyl cyclopentane and 3% of propyl cyclohexane; the atomization performance improving additives are 2% of ethyl benzene and 3% of propyl benzene. The improved fuel obtained by the method is used for a gas turbine engine, and the low-temperature volatility is improved by 30-50%; the lower limit of the combustible boundary is reduced by 50-100%; the size of the atomized particles and the length of the liquid film are reduced by 3 to 5 percent.
Example 3
0.5 percent of methyl cyclopentane, 2 percent of methyl cyclohexane, 2 percent of ethyl cyclohexane, 1 percent of propyl cyclopentane, 5 percent of propyl cyclohexane, 3 percent of ethyl benzene and 2 percent of propyl benzene which are used as combustible boundary improving agents are added into the biomass Fischer-Tropsch aviation fuel. The improved fuel obtained by the method is used for a gas turbine engine, and the low-temperature volatility is improved by 60-100%; the lower limit of the combustible boundary is reduced by 50-100%; the size of the atomized particles and the length of the liquid film are reduced by 5 to 15 percent.
Example 4
Adding 1% of volatile improving agent methyl cyclopentane, 2% of methyl cyclohexane and 2% of ethyl cyclohexane into the hydrogenated aviation oil of waste cooking oil; 2% of flammable boundary improver propyl cyclopentane and 5% of propyl cyclohexane; the atomization performance improving additives are ethylbenzene 3 percent and propylbenzene 2 percent, and the low-temperature volatility is improved by 80-100 percent; the lower limit of the combustible boundary is reduced by 50-100%; the size of the atomized particles and the length of the liquid film are reduced by 5 to 15 percent.
Example 5
Adding 1% of methyl cyclopentane, 2% of methyl cyclohexane and 2% of ethyl cyclohexane serving as volatility improving agents into nannochloropsis hydrogenation aviation oil; 1% of flammable boundary improver propyl cyclopentane and 5% of propyl cyclohexane. The improved fuel obtained by the method is used for a gas turbine engine, and the low-temperature volatility is improved by 50-100%; the lower limit of the combustible boundary is reduced by 50-100%; the size of the atomized particles and the length of the liquid film are reduced by 5 to 10 percent.
Example 6
Adding 1% of methyl cyclopentane, 2% of methyl cyclohexane and 2% of ethyl cyclohexane serving as volatility improving agents into the coral algae hydrogenated aviation oil; 2% of flammable boundary improver propyl cyclopentane and 5% of propyl cyclohexane; the atomization performance improving additives are 3% of ethyl benzene and 2% of propyl benzene. The improved fuel obtained by the method is used for a gas turbine engine, and the low-temperature volatility is improved by 80-100%; the lower limit of the combustible boundary is reduced by 50-100%; the size of the atomized particles and the length of the liquid film are reduced by 5 to 15 percent.
Example 7
The volatility improver of methyl cyclopentane, methyl cyclohexane 1 percent, ethyl cyclohexane 3 percent, the combustible boundary improver of propyl cyclopentane and propyl cyclohexane 6 percent are added into the cellulose aviation fuel component. The improved fuel obtained by the method is used for a gas turbine engine, and the low-temperature volatility is improved by 50-100%; the lower limit of the combustible boundary is reduced by 50-100%; the size of the atomized particles and the length of the liquid film are reduced by 5 to 10 percent.
Example 8
Adding 1% of a volatility improver, namely methyl cyclopentane, 2% of methyl cyclohexane and 2% of ethyl cyclohexane into the components of the microalgae hydrothermal hydrogenation aviation fuel; 1% of flammable boundary improver propyl cyclopentane and 5% of propyl cyclohexane. The improved fuel obtained by the method is used for a gas turbine engine, and the low-temperature volatility is improved by 50-100%; the lower limit of the combustible boundary is reduced by 50-100%; the size of the atomized particles and the length of the liquid film are reduced by 5 to 10 percent.
Claims (7)
1. A blending method of aviation alternative fuel for improving ignition performance of a gas turbine engine comprises adding a component (1), a component (2) and an optional component (3) to aviation fuel,
wherein component (1) is selected from one or more of methylcyclopentane, methylcyclohexane and ethylcyclohexane;
the component (2) is selected from one or more of propylcyclopentane and propylcyclohexane;
the component (3) is selected from one or more of ethyl benzene or propyl benzene,
wherein the addition amount of the component (1) is 0.5-7%, the addition amount of the component (2) is 0.5-10%, and the addition amount of the component (3) is 0-6% based on the total weight of the aviation fuel.
2. An aviation fuel oil composition comprising an aviation fuel and an aviation fuel additive, the aviation fuel additive comprising the following components:
the component (1) is selected from one or more of methyl cyclopentane, methyl cyclohexane and ethyl cyclohexane;
the component (2) is selected from one or more of propylcyclopentane and propylcyclohexane;
the component (3) is selected from one or more of ethyl benzene or propyl benzene,
wherein the component (1) is added in an amount of 0.5 to 7%, the component (2) is added in an amount of 0.5 to 10%, and the component (3) is added in an amount of 0 to 6%, based on the total weight of the composition.
3. The aviation fuel oil composition according to claim 2, wherein the aviation fuel additive is added in an amount of 1.5% to 15% based on the total weight of the composition.
4. The aviation fuel oil composition according to claim 2, wherein component (3) is added in an amount of 1% to 6% based on the total weight of the composition.
5. The aviation fuel oil composition according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein the aviation fuel is selected from Fischer-Tropsch process jet fuel, hydroprocessed jet fuel, hydrothermal grease hydroprocessed jet fuel, or cellulosic hydrothermal-condensation-hydroprocessed fuel.
6. The aviation fuel oil composition according to claim 5,
fischer-tropsch process jet fuels comprise greater than 99% paraffins;
the jet fuel source of the hydrogenation process is grease, and comprises 95-97% of paraffin or 1-3% of cycloparaffin;
the jet fuel source of the hydrogenation process is microalgae grease or hydrothermal oil, and comprises 60-85% of paraffin, 3-15% of cycloparaffin and 5-20% of aromatic hydrocarbon;
the cellulose hydrothermal-condensation-hydrogenation fuel comprises 50% -65% paraffin, 10% -35% naphthene or contains 3% -6.5% naphthalene series.
7. Use of an aviation fuel oil composition according to any one of claims 2 to 6 in an aircraft engine which is a gas turbine engine.
Priority Applications (1)
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| WO2011017720A1 (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2011-02-10 | Sasol Technology (Pty) Ltd | Fully synthetic jet fuel |
| US20110203253A1 (en) * | 2010-02-23 | 2011-08-25 | General Electric Company | Advanced fuel compositions from renewable sources, and related methods for making and using the fuel |
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