CN112836442B - Method for determining liquid injection amount of hydraulic cracks of old well of shale oil well pattern - Google Patents
Method for determining liquid injection amount of hydraulic cracks of old well of shale oil well pattern Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for determining the liquid injection amount of a hydraulic fracture of an old well of a shale oil well pattern, which comprises the following steps: establishing an initial three-dimensional reservoir model and a three-dimensional geological model which comprise a horizontal well old well and an old well hydraulic fracture network, and calculating stratum defect and ground stress evolution caused by old well production by using a fluid-solid coupling method; the old well liquid injection mode is adopted to simulate the encrypted well crack control net and characterize the protection effect of the old well liquid injection on the encrypted well crack, the stratum defect filling amount and the ground stress recovery degree are taken as criteria, the inter-well interference effect is ensured not to induce the encrypted well crack to cause adverse damage to the old well crack of the horizontal well, and the old well crack protection liquid injection amount is optimized. The invention can analyze the ground stress deficiency and the ground stress evolution mode induced by the old well production, and perform the optimal analysis of the old well liquid injection quantity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shale oil reservoir hydraulic fracturing modification and yield increase, in particular to a method for determining the optimal liquid amount for protecting hydraulic cracks of old wells of a shale oil well pattern.
Background
Under the background that the external dependence of crude oil in China is continuously increased, the unconventional shale oil resource has the characteristics of large exploration reserve and good exploitation prospect, and is significant for improving the yield of crude oil. Shale oil reservoirs are generally lower in permeability than conventional oil and gas reservoirs, industrial oil flows are difficult to naturally form in the exploitation process, the oil reservoir permeability is often required to be improved by closely cutting and fracturing an encrypted horizontal well, a hydraulic fracture network connected with a well shaft of the horizontal well is formed, and crude oil in the hypotonic reservoir can flow to the well shaft more easily to provide productivity.
Hydraulic fracture network production is a key to determine shale oil productivity, and reservoir ground stress is an important main control factor affecting hydraulic fracture propagation rules. In hydraulic fracturing, the direction of the minimum horizontal principal stress is critical to determine the direction of fracture of the fracture. The quantitative characterization of the state of a reservoir ground stress field in each stage of shale oil fracturing and production and the corresponding hydraulic fracture initiation and expansion rule are important means for improving the shale oil production efficiency.
The obvious difference between the encryption horizontal well and the old horizontal well is that the geomechanical environment of the old horizontal well is not affected by fracturing and production when the old horizontal well is fractured, one or more old horizontal wells exist in the area when the old horizontal well is fractured, and formation pressure deficiency and ground stress space-time evolution caused by the production of the old horizontal well are large in change of the in-situ ground stress field of the reservoir, so that the fracturing effect of the encryption well is affected, inter-well interference between the old horizontal well and the encrypted horizontal well is induced, and the well pattern productivity is damaged. The method can fill the stratum defect and partially recover the stratum ground stress state, inhibit the inter-well interference phenomenon induced by the fracturing of the encrypted well, protect the old well cracks and the well pattern productivity, and quantitatively calculate the old well liquid injection amount, so that the key of the technology is realized. Therefore, a method for determining the optimal liquid amount for protecting the hydraulic fracture injection of the old well of the shale oil well pattern needs to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an analysis method for the optimal injection amount of the old well protection, which can fill the stratum defect and partially recover the ground stress state of a reservoir, inhibit the inter-well interference phenomenon induced by the fracturing of an encrypted well, protect the cracks of the old well and the productivity of a well pattern, and quantitatively calculate the injection amount of the old well.
The invention provides a method for determining the liquid injection amount of a hydraulic fracture of an old well of a shale oil horizontal well pattern, which comprises the following steps:
establishing an initial three-dimensional reservoir model and a three-dimensional geological model which comprise a horizontal well old well and an old well hydraulic fracture network, and calculating stratum defect and ground stress evolution caused by old well production by using a fluid-solid coupling method;
the old well liquid injection mode is adopted to simulate the encrypted well crack control net and characterize the protection effect of the old well liquid injection on the encrypted well crack, the stratum defect filling amount and the ground stress recovery degree are taken as criteria, the inter-well interference effect is ensured not to induce the encrypted well crack to cause adverse damage to the old well crack of the horizontal well, and the old well crack protection liquid injection amount is optimized.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, when calculated by the fluid-solid coupling method, the method further comprises:
and fitting the calculated data of stratum defect and ground stress evolution caused by old well production with on-site real data, and calibrating an analysis model of the fluid-solid coupling method.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the step of analyzing according to the analysis model of the fluid-solid coupling method to obtain the formation pressure defect condition and the ground stress change condition of different old well production modes, and obtaining the three-dimensional formation pressure and the three-dimensional ground stress field of each time step.
According to one embodiment of the invention, in case of obtaining the respective three-dimensional formation pressure and three-dimensional ground stress field for the respective time step, the method further comprises the following steps:
preliminarily selecting well positions of encrypted horizontal wells and cluster positions of hydraulic fracturing sections, and further comprising the following steps:
firstly, primarily selecting porosity, permeability, saturation and brittleness index parameters obtained according to geological engineering integrated evaluation, and preferentially determining the coincidence point of geological desserts and engineering desserts;
and then, according to the determined stratum pressure deficit range and the ground stress evolution sweep range, the hydraulic fracturing section cluster interval of the encrypted horizontal well is preliminarily determined, and the screening condition is that the stratum pressure deficit and the ground stress evolution sweep effect of the section cluster interval are less influenced.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises simulating the encrypted well fracture without using the old well fluid injection, and characterizing the interaction and interference of the old well fracture and the encrypted well fracture; simulating the fracturing of the encrypted well under the condition of not adopting the old well to inject liquid, and further comprising the following steps:
selecting a section in the preliminarily selected encrypted horizontal well and hydraulic fracturing section cluster interval to perform multi-cluster hydraulic fracture initiation-expansion calculation based on fracture mechanics, analyzing the encrypted horizontal well hydraulic fracture network production under various section cluster conditions, and acquiring the interaction condition of the encrypted horizontal well hydraulic fracture network production with old well fractures;
and continuously completing the calculation of the hydraulic fracture network production of the encrypted well of all the subsequent sections to be fractured, obtaining the interaction condition of fracture channeling and communication between the old well and the encrypted well, and determining the degrees of the encrypted well fracturing interference and the inter-well interference under the condition of not using the old well injection protection.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises, without taking old well fluid injection:
and calculating the hydraulic fracture network production at the candidate encryption well position by adopting the hydraulic fracture network production, obtaining the hydraulic fracture network condition between the corresponding encryption well and the old well, and analyzing the fracture interaction condition.
According to one embodiment of the invention, when the old well liquid injection mode is adopted, old well liquid injection calculation is carried out through an analysis model of the fluid-solid coupling method, the filling effect of the old well liquid injection amount and the liquid injection mode on the stratum pressure defect and the ground stress recovery condition are analyzed, and the ratio of the liquid injection amount to the defect is analyzed.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the old well fluid injection mode is adopted, the method further includes:
and comprehensively analyzing the inter-well crack communication and interaction characteristics corresponding to the various old well liquid injection amounts by referring to the hydraulic network-sewing condition between the encrypted wells and the old wells under the condition that the old well liquid injection is not adopted, repeatedly optimizing the old well liquid injection amount, and determining the optimal liquid injection amount and liquid injection mode capable of effectively protecting the old wells.
According to one embodiment of the invention, in building the three-dimensional reservoir model,
based on geological data, well structure data, fracturing segmentation clustering data, construction data and microseism data, a three-dimensional reservoir model comprising a horizontal well old well and an old well hydraulic fracture network is established by using a non-structural grid.
According to one embodiment of the invention, when the three-dimensional geological model is built, the three-dimensional geological model is built on the basis of the three-dimensional reservoir model according to a core experiment and a logging interpretation method of rock mechanical parameters so as to characterize stratum elasticity characteristics and initial ground stress distribution characteristics.
The invention can analyze the ground stress deficiency and the ground stress evolution mode induced by old well production, analyze the filling effect of different old well protection injection amounts on the stratum pressure deficiency and the ground stress recovery effect on the basis, and simultaneously combine the calculation of the fracturing fracture occurrence of the encrypted well to perform the optimal analysis of the old well injection amount, thereby providing an optimal analysis method of the old well protection injection amount.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an old well and a non-fractured, encrypted well pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the interference effect of a freeze well fracture on a old well fracture without the old well injection protection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the effect of effectively protecting old well cracks from the fracture interference of the encrypted well after the old well is injected with the liquid for protection.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, so that the objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather are merely illustrative of the true spirit of the invention.
At present, domestic shale oil faces the serious problem of interwell fracturing interference between an encrypted well and an old well, corresponding old well protection measures are not enough, and the effective old well injection optimization can protect old well cracks from interwell fracturing adverse interference, protect horizontal well pattern productivity and meet the cost-reducing and efficiency-increasing requirements of the current domestic shale oil drilling and production. Because the formation pore pressure and the ground stress evolution are difficult to evaluate accurately and quantitatively, and the filling of the old well injection to the formation defect and the ground stress recovery effect are difficult to determine. The invention solves the problems and can provide the method for determining the optimal liquid amount for the hydraulic fracture injection protection of the old well of the shale oil horizontal well pattern.
The invention can analyze the ground stress deficiency and the ground stress evolution mode induced by old well production, analyze the filling effect of different old well protection injection amounts on the stratum pressure deficiency and the ground stress recovery effect on the basis, and simultaneously combine the calculation of the fracturing fracture occurrence of the encrypted well to perform the optimal analysis of the old well injection amount, thereby providing the optimal analysis method of the old well protection injection amount.
The invention relates to a method for determining the optimal liquid amount of hydraulic fracture injection protection of an old well of a horizontal well pattern. And then simulating the encryption well fracturing under the condition of not adopting the old well to inject liquid, and representing the interaction and interference conditions of the old well fracturing and the encryption well fracturing. And then simulating the encrypted well fracture network by adopting an old well fluid injection mode, and representing the protection effect of the old well fluid injection on the encrypted well fracture, wherein the protection fluid injection quantity of the old well fracture is optimized.
Specifically, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the present invention adopts a ground stress space-time evolution analysis technique and a hydraulic fracture network analysis technique under a complex ground stress field to achieve the above-mentioned object, and the provided technical scheme mainly includes the following steps:
step 1: based on geological data, well structure data, fracturing segmentation clustering data, construction data, microseism data and the like, a three-dimensional reservoir model comprising a horizontal well old well and an old well hydraulic fracture network is established by using a non-structural grid;
step 2: based on a reservoir model, a three-dimensional geomechanical model is established according to methods such as core experiments, logging interpretation of rock mechanical parameters and the like, and stratum elasticity characteristics and initial ground stress distribution characteristics are represented;
step 3: based on the three-dimensional reservoir model and the three-dimensional geomechanical model, calculating the formation pressure deficit and the change condition of ground stress along with time in the three-dimensional space induced by old well production by using a fluid-solid coupling analysis method;
step 4: fitting the calculated old well production data (pressure drop, yield and the like) with field real data, and calibrating the fluid-solid coupling analysis model in the step 3;
step 5: according to the analysis result, the formation pressure defect condition and the ground stress change condition under different old well production modes are obtained, and the three-dimensional formation pressure and the three-dimensional ground stress field of each historical time step are obtained;
step 6: under the respective three-dimensional stratum pressure and three-dimensional ground stress field of each time step, preliminarily selecting the well position of the encrypted horizontal well and the position of the fracturing section cluster, and specifically comprising the following two steps:
step 6 (I): firstly, primarily selecting parameters such as porosity, permeability, saturation, brittleness index and the like obtained by geological engineering integrated evaluation, and preferentially determining the coincidence point of geological desserts and engineering desserts;
step 6 (II): and then, preliminarily determining the cluster interval of the hydraulic fracturing section of the encrypted horizontal well according to the stratum pressure defect range and the ground stress evolution wave and influence range determined in the step 5, wherein the screening condition is that the stratum pressure defect and the ground stress evolution wave and influence on the cluster interval of the section is smaller
Step 7: as a comparison item, when the method of old well injection protection is not adopted in analysis, the interaction condition of the horizontal well crack and the old well crack is encrypted, and the method specifically comprises the following two steps:
step 7 (I): in the preliminarily selected encrypted horizontal well and hydraulic fracturing section cluster interval in the step 6, selecting a section to perform multi-cluster hydraulic fracture initiation-expansion calculation based on fracture mechanics, analyzing the encrypted horizontal well hydraulic fracture network production under various section cluster conditions, and acquiring the interaction condition of the encrypted horizontal well hydraulic fracture network production with old well fractures;
step 7 (II): continuously completing calculation of the hydraulic fracture network production of the encrypted well of all the subsequent sections to be fractured, obtaining the interaction condition of fracture channeling and communication between the old well and the encrypted well, and determining the fracturing interference and the inter-well interference degree of the encrypted well under the condition of not using the injection protection of the old well;
step 8: on the basis of the step 6, old well injection calculation is carried out through a fluid-solid coupling model, the filling effect and the ground stress recovery condition of the old well injection amount and the injection mode on the stratum pressure deficit are analyzed, and the ratio of the injection amount to the deficit is analyzed;
step 9: under the condition that the old well is not adopted for liquid injection, adopting the hydraulic fracture occurrence calculation same as that in the step 7 on the candidate encryption well position to obtain the hydraulic fracture network situation between the corresponding encryption well and the old well, and analyzing the fracture interaction situation;
step 10: on the basis of the step 9, the inter-well crack communication and interaction characteristics corresponding to the injection amounts of various old wells are comprehensively analyzed, and the optimal injection amount and injection mode capable of effectively protecting the old wells are determined.
The invention provides a shale oil reservoir production and fracturing full-flow fluid-solid coupling and hydraulic fracturing numerical simulation flow, and creatively provides a specific application of the flow in the aspect of old well fluid injection protection.
According to the method, the stratum defect filling and ground stress recovery effects of the old well injection in the adverse effect of recovering the ground stress evolution are represented through a modeling simulation flow, and the defect that the traditional calculation method cannot represent the process is overcome.
The invention innovatively provides a method for determining the optimal liquid amount for the hydraulic fracture injection protection of the old well of the horizontal well pattern, which takes the stratum defect filling amount and the ground stress recovery degree as criteria, ensures that the inter-well interference effect does not induce the fracturing of the encrypted well to cause adverse damage to the old well fracture of the horizontal well, and provides technical support for the efficient development of the shale oil encrypted well pattern.
Examples
A method for determining the optimal liquid amount for protecting the hydraulic fracture of the old well of a shale oil well pattern, as shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps:
1. establishing a three-dimensional oil reservoir model capable of describing reservoir characteristics according to on-site oil reservoir and construction data, wherein the model comprises an old well horizontal well and an old well fracture network;
2. establishing a three-dimensional geomechanical model, and representing rock mechanical property distribution conditions in a three-dimensional space;
3. aiming at the expansion fluid-solid coupling simulation of the old well horizontal well, calculating the pore pressure field and the ground stress evolution characteristic in the three-dimensional space, and describing the stratum defect condition;
4. performing history fitting on the simulation result in step 3 and on-site pressure drop and yield data, and improving accuracy and reliability of the simulation result;
5. based on the calibrated model in the step 4, quantitative calculation results of pore pressure fields and ground stress fields under different old well deficiency degrees are obtained;
6. according to geological and engineering investigation books, preliminarily selecting the well position of the encrypted well and representing the mutual position relation between the well position and the old well, as shown in fig. 2;
7. and obtaining the fracturing result of the encrypted well of the control group without adopting old well injection, as shown in figure 3. Characterizing the interference characteristics of the encrypted well fracturing cracks on the old well cracks;
8. performing old well injection fluid-solid coupling simulation on the old well to obtain stratum pressure defect filling conditions and ground stress recovery conditions under various injection volume conditions;
9. based on the solid-liquid coupling simulation of the old well injection liquid, carrying out encryption well fracturing simulation on candidate well positions, obtaining encryption well cracks and old well crack network-seaming characteristics in an old well injection liquid mode, and judging whether the old well injection liquid effectively protects cracks from being interfered by encryption well fracturing;
10. based on the old well injection liquid-solid coupling simulation, the old well injection liquid amount is repeatedly optimized, so that the encrypted well fracturing cracks do not interfere with the old well cracks, and finally, the optimal injection liquid amount capable of effectively protecting the old well cracks is obtained, and the injection liquid cost and the old well crack protection effect are considered, as shown in fig. 4.
The technical content that is not elaborated on by the invention belongs to the technical fields that are known to one skilled in the art.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the system or element to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention, and various components and arrangements of the embodiments may be varied, and various implementations may be combined or omitted as desired, and not all parts of the drawings are necessarily arranged, as the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Therefore, the present application should not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but should not be construed as excluding the scope of the invention as equivalents and modifications based on the inventive arrangements.
Claims (1)
1. The method for determining the liquid injection amount of the hydraulic fracture of the old well of the shale oil well pattern is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: based on geological data, well structure data, fracturing segmentation clustering data, construction data and microseism data, using a non-structural grid to establish a three-dimensional reservoir model comprising a horizontal well old well and an old well hydraulic fracture network;
step 2: based on a reservoir model, a three-dimensional geomechanical model is established according to a core experiment and a logging interpretation method of rock mechanical parameters, and stratum elasticity characteristics and initial ground stress distribution characteristics are represented;
step 3: based on the three-dimensional reservoir model and the three-dimensional geomechanical model, calculating the formation pressure deficit and the change condition of ground stress along with time in the three-dimensional space induced by old well production by using a fluid-solid coupling analysis method;
step 4: fitting the calculated old well production data with field real data, and calibrating the fluid-solid coupling analysis model in the step 3;
step 5: according to the analysis result, the formation pressure defect condition and the ground stress change condition under different old well production modes are obtained, and the three-dimensional formation pressure and the three-dimensional ground stress field of each historical time step are obtained;
step 6: under the respective three-dimensional stratum pressure and three-dimensional ground stress field of each time step, preliminarily selecting the well position of the encrypted horizontal well and the position of the fracturing section cluster, and specifically comprising the following two steps:
step 6 (I): firstly, preliminarily selecting porosity, permeability, saturation and brittleness index parameters obtained according to geological engineering integrated evaluation, and determining the coincidence point of geological desserts and engineering desserts;
step 6 (II): and then according to the stratum pressure deficit range and the ground stress evolution sweep range determined in the step 5, preliminarily determining the hydraulic fracturing section cluster interval of the encrypted horizontal well, wherein the screening condition is that the stratum pressure deficit and the ground stress evolution sweep effect of the section cluster interval are small;
step 7: as a comparison item, when the method of old well injection protection is not adopted in analysis, the interaction condition of the horizontal well crack and the old well crack is encrypted, and the method specifically comprises the following two steps:
step 7 (I): in the preliminarily selected encrypted horizontal well and hydraulic fracturing section cluster interval in the step 6, selecting a section to perform multi-cluster hydraulic fracture initiation-expansion calculation based on fracture mechanics, analyzing the encrypted horizontal well hydraulic fracture network production under various section cluster conditions, and acquiring the interaction condition of the encrypted horizontal well hydraulic fracture network production with old well fractures;
step 7 (II): continuously completing calculation of the hydraulic fracture network production of the encrypted well of all the subsequent sections to be fractured, obtaining the interaction condition of fracture channeling and communication between the old well and the encrypted well, and determining the fracturing interference and the inter-well interference degree of the encrypted well under the condition of not using the injection protection of the old well;
step 8: on the basis of the step 6, old well injection calculation is carried out through a fluid-solid coupling model, the filling effect and the ground stress recovery condition of the old well injection amount and the injection mode on the stratum pressure deficit are analyzed, and the ratio of the injection amount to the deficit is analyzed;
step 9: under the condition that the old well is not adopted for liquid injection, adopting the hydraulic fracture occurrence calculation same as that in the step 7 on the candidate encryption well position to obtain the hydraulic fracture network situation between the corresponding encryption well and the old well, and analyzing the fracture interaction situation;
step 10: and 9, comprehensively analyzing the crack communication and interaction characteristics among wells corresponding to the injection amounts of the old wells, and determining the injection amounts and injection modes of the old wells.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110021898.0A CN112836442B (en) | 2021-01-08 | 2021-01-08 | Method for determining liquid injection amount of hydraulic cracks of old well of shale oil well pattern |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110021898.0A CN112836442B (en) | 2021-01-08 | 2021-01-08 | Method for determining liquid injection amount of hydraulic cracks of old well of shale oil well pattern |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112836442A CN112836442A (en) | 2021-05-25 |
| CN112836442B true CN112836442B (en) | 2023-06-02 |
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