CN112787264A - Electric power overhead line inspection device and method based on ultrasonic technology - Google Patents
Electric power overhead line inspection device and method based on ultrasonic technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN112787264A CN112787264A CN202011611142.3A CN202011611142A CN112787264A CN 112787264 A CN112787264 A CN 112787264A CN 202011611142 A CN202011611142 A CN 202011611142A CN 112787264 A CN112787264 A CN 112787264A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G1/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
- H02G1/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for overhead lines or cables
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric power overhead line inspection device and method based on ultrasonic technology, wherein the device mainly comprises a power supply module, a main control module, an ultrasonic module, a signal processing module, an audio processing module, a data processing module and a man-machine interaction module; the power supply module, the signal processing module, the audio processing module, the data processing module and the man-machine interaction module are respectively connected with the main control module; the ultrasonic module, the signal processing module, the audio processing module, the data processing module and the human-computer interaction module are connected in sequence. The invention can carry out high restoration on the partial discharge signal of the overhead line through the audible sound signal, thereby realizing the rapid discovery of the defects of the overhead line, and the invention has long effective detection distance, does not need power failure in the inspection process, and can realize effective live inspection of the overhead line in both driving and walking; meanwhile, the working efficiency of the inspection personnel is improved, and the labor intensity of the inspection personnel is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of overhead line detection, and particularly relates to an electric overhead line inspection device and method based on an ultrasonic technology.
Background
The importance of the power transmission and distribution line of the power grid goes without doubt, but the overhead power transmission and distribution line is wide in distribution, is exposed to the nature for a long time to operate, is subjected to the action of normal mechanical load and power load, and is influenced by external factors in all aspects and the great change of the nature. These factors can cause aging, fatigue, oxidation and corrosion of components on the circuit, which if not discovered and eliminated in time, can change from quantitative to qualitative and develop into various failures.
The traditional inspection mode also has a plurality of hidden dangers. On one hand, the inspection personnel can not objectively and truly master the inspection in place and the inspection condition, and the condition of missed inspection is serious. The inspection quality of an old inspection system is difficult to guarantee, whether workers inspect each tower or not is not examined, each device and item is not standard in record, due to the fact that the content of the inspection item is complicated, and the respective knowledge and experience accumulation degrees of the inspection personnel are different, the inspection system is simple or complex in content filling or capable of grabbing key points or incapable of grabbing essence, time and complexity are wasted, each problem item needs to be recorded on paper through a pen, drawing is needed to be supplemented when necessary, lines with the voltage of more than 10kv are needed, each pole item needs to be recorded one by one, and the inspection system is large in amount and time-consuming.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electric power overhead line inspection device and method based on an ultrasonic technology, aiming at the problems of missed inspection, large data volume, different knowledge and experience accumulation degrees of inspection personnel and the like in the traditional inspection provided in the background technology. The invention is applied to the inspection operation of the overhead line, whether the overhead line has partial discharge can be distinguished only by listening to sound, the missed inspection probability of the traditional inspection is reduced, a single audio recording file 432KB does not need to process and analyze data, a music player is used at a PC end for playing, and inspection personnel can inspect only by having basic knowledge and experience; meanwhile, the ultrasonic inspection device has a long detection distance and is suitable for overhead lines in various environments.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an electric power overhead line inspection device based on an ultrasonic technology comprises a power supply module, a main control module, an ultrasonic module, a signal processing module, an audio processing module, a data processing module and a man-machine interaction module; the power supply module, the signal processing module, the audio processing module, the data processing module and the man-machine interaction module are respectively connected with the main control module; the ultrasonic module, the signal processing module, the audio processing module, the data processing module and the human-computer interaction module are connected in sequence.
The power supply module is used for providing power for each module.
The main control module is used for configuring the signal processing module and the audio processing module and controlling the data processing module and the human-computer interaction module at the same time.
The ultrasonic module is used for receiving ultrasonic signals in the external environment.
The signal processing module is used for amplifying and filtering the ultrasonic signals acquired by the ultrasonic module.
The audio processing module is used for receiving the analog signals processed by the signal processing module and sending out audible sound through the earphone after processing.
The data processing module processes the digital signals processed by the audio processing module in real time, waveform display is carried out on the human-computer interaction module, data storage is carried out during recording, and meanwhile, the stored data can be exported to a PC to be played by using an audio player.
The human-computer interaction module is used for displaying the waveform and adjusting and configuring related users through a key operation menu.
The routing inspection device is applied to the partial discharge detection of the overhead line, judges whether the overhead line has partial discharge or not in a mode of listening to sound through an access earphone and deduces the defects of the overhead line.
The inspection device further comprises a signal processing module, a signal processing module and a signal filtering module, wherein the signal processing module comprises a signal primary amplification unit, a signal secondary amplification unit and a signal filtering unit; the signal primary amplification unit amplifies ultrasonic waves by adopting a potentiometer and an operational amplifier; the signal secondary amplification unit adopts a balanced modem to process a signal carrier and amplify a signal; the signal filtering unit adopts a low-pass filter to filter out high-frequency signals.
The inspection device of the invention is further explained, the audio processing module comprises an audio input unit, an audio mixing processing unit and an audio output unit; the audio input unit receives the analog signals amplified and filtered by the signal processing module and converts the analog signals into digital signals; the audio mixing processing unit is used for carrying out noise filtering processing on the digital signal; the audio output unit converts the digital signal after the noise filtering of the audio mixing processing unit into an analog signal and outputs audible sound through an earphone.
The inspection device further comprises a data processing module, a data storage unit and a data export unit, wherein the data processing module comprises a data storage unit and a data export unit; the data storage unit processes the audio data input by the audio processing module in real time after receiving the recording instruction of the human-computer interaction module, and stores the audio data in the FLASH; and the data export unit is in data interaction with the PC end through a mini USB interface, exports the stored recording data to the PC end and plays the recording data by using a music player.
The inspection device further comprises a man-machine interaction module, a display module and a control module, wherein the man-machine interaction module comprises a waveform display unit and a functional operation unit; the waveform display unit adopts an OLED display screen and displays a maximum dB value, an envelope curve diagram and a waveform diagram in real time; the function operation unit adjusts and configures volume, sensitivity, frequency and time through the two keys.
The inspection device further illustrates that the man-machine interaction module adopts a 0.8-inch OLED screen and double keys. The OLED screen is used for displaying an amplitude oscillogram and a man-machine interaction menu of the current ultrasonic data; the double keys are used for adjusting and configuring the configurable items in the menu and controlling the data processing module to record.
The inspection device further describes that the main control module adopts an ARM Cortex-M4 kernel MCU; the ultrasonic module is an ultrasonic sensor. An ultrasonic sensor having a center frequency of 40000. + -. 1000Hz is preferable.
The invention also provides a polling method of the power overhead line polling device based on the ultrasonic technology, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring an ultrasonic signal of the overhead power line through an ultrasonic module;
secondly, the signal processing module amplifies the collected ultrasonic signals through a potentiometer and an operational amplifier, processes signal carriers through a balance modem and amplifies the signals again, and finally filters out high-frequency signals through a low-pass filter and sends the signals to an audio processing module;
step three, the audio processing module firstly converts the analog signals into digital signals, then carries out self-adaptive wavelet noise filtering processing, converts the digital signals into analog signals and outputs audible sound from the earphone;
and fourthly, the data processing module processes the digital signals processed by the audio processing module in real time, waveform display is carried out on the human-computer interaction module, data storage is carried out during recording, and meanwhile the stored data can be exported to a PC to be played by using an audio player.
The inspection method of the invention further explains that in the third step, the adaptive wavelet noise filtering process comprises the following steps:
1) selecting wavelet basis according to the similarity of the signal and the wavelet basis function;
2) decomposing the signal by adopting the selected wavelet basis to obtain N layers of detail signals and approximate signals;
3) calculating an autocorrelation coefficient for each layer of detail coefficient, if an autocorrelation sequence rapidly attenuates to zero along with the increase of m, indicating that the layer is mainly a noise layer, wherein the denoising threshold lambda is 4 delta-5 delta, delta is the standard deviation of each layer of detail coefficient, and m is generally 3-10; if the autocorrelation function is not rapidly attenuated to zero along with the increase of m, the wavelet coefficient of the layer is considered to contain useful information, and the threshold value of the layer is set to be the median of the standard deviation;
4) according to the determined threshold lambda of each layer, performing wavelet coefficient processing by adopting an asymptotic threshold function:
in the formula: lambda [ alpha ]1And λ2Are all threshold values and have λ1＝kλ2，0<k<1；
5) And reconstructing signals, namely reconstructing the approximate coefficients and the processed wavelet coefficients layer by layer to obtain the de-noised signals.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the applicability is strong. The device effectively detects the distance of 30m, does not need power failure in the inspection process, can realize effective live inspection of the overhead line in driving and walking, and can adapt to the overhead lines in various environments; meanwhile, the working efficiency of the inspection personnel is improved, and the labor intensity of the inspection personnel is reduced.
(2) The use is simple. The defects of the overhead line can be judged through audible sound, inspection personnel can perform inspection only by having basic knowledge and experience, the defects of the overhead line can be judged by using a music player at a PC (personal computer) end without processing and analyzing data through a single audio recording file 432 KB.
(3) The portability is strong. The device of the invention has small volume and light weight, and inspection personnel can carry the device conveniently to carry out field test.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a module structure of the inspection device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a detailed signal processing flow of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a detailed data derivation flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
an electric power overhead line inspection device based on an ultrasonic technology is shown in figure 1 and comprises a power supply module, a master control module, an ultrasonic module, a signal processing module, an audio processing module, a data processing module and a man-machine interaction module; the power supply module, the signal processing module, the audio processing module, the data processing module and the man-machine interaction module are respectively connected with the main control module; the ultrasonic module, the signal processing module, the audio processing module, the data processing module and the human-computer interaction module are connected in sequence.
The signal processing module comprises a signal primary amplification unit, a signal secondary amplification unit and a signal filtering unit; the signal primary amplification unit amplifies ultrasonic waves by adopting a potentiometer and an operational amplifier; the signal secondary amplification unit adopts a balanced modem to process a signal carrier and amplify a signal; the signal filtering unit adopts a low-pass filter to filter out high-frequency signals.
The audio processing module comprises an audio input unit, an audio mixing processing unit and an audio output unit; the audio input unit receives the analog signals amplified and filtered by the signal processing module and converts the analog signals into digital signals; the audio mixing processing unit is used for carrying out noise filtering processing on the digital signal; the audio output unit converts the digital signal after the noise filtering of the audio mixing processing unit into an analog signal and outputs audible sound through an earphone.
The data processing module comprises a data storage unit and a data export unit; the data storage unit processes the audio data input by the audio processing module in real time after receiving the recording instruction of the human-computer interaction module, and stores the audio data in the FLASH; and the data export unit is in data interaction with the PC end through a mini USB interface, exports the stored recording data to the PC end and plays the recording data by using a music player.
The human-computer interaction module comprises a waveform display unit and a functional operation unit; the waveform display unit adopts an OLED display screen and displays a maximum dB value, an envelope curve diagram and a waveform diagram in real time; the function operation unit adjusts and configures volume, sensitivity, frequency and time through the two keys.
The human-computer interaction module adopts a 0.8-inch OLED screen and double keys. The main control module adopts an ARM Cortex-M4 kernel MCU; the ultrasonic module is an ultrasonic sensor.
The inspection method applying the embodiment includes the following steps as shown in fig. 2:
acquiring an ultrasonic signal of the overhead power line through an ultrasonic module;
secondly, the signal processing module amplifies the collected ultrasonic signals through a potentiometer and an operational amplifier, processes signal carriers through a balance modem and amplifies the signals again, and finally filters out high-frequency signals through a low-pass filter and sends the signals to an audio processing module;
step three, the audio processing module firstly converts the analog signals into digital signals, then carries out self-adaptive wavelet noise filtering processing, converts the digital signals into analog signals and outputs audible sound from the earphone;
and fourthly, the data processing module processes the digital signals processed by the audio processing module in real time, waveform display is carried out on the human-computer interaction module, data storage is carried out during recording, and meanwhile the stored data can be exported to a PC to be played by using an audio player.
In the third step, the adaptive wavelet filtering process includes the following steps:
1) selecting wavelet basis according to the similarity of the signal and the wavelet basis function;
2) decomposing the signal by adopting the selected wavelet basis to obtain N layers of detail signals and approximate signals;
3) calculating an autocorrelation coefficient for each layer of detail coefficient, if an autocorrelation sequence rapidly attenuates to zero along with the increase of m, indicating that the layer is mainly a noise layer, wherein the denoising threshold lambda is 4 delta-5 delta, delta is the standard deviation of each layer of detail coefficient, and m is generally 3-10; if the autocorrelation function is not rapidly attenuated to zero along with the increase of m, the wavelet coefficient of the layer is considered to contain useful information, and the threshold value of the layer is set to be the median of the standard deviation;
4) according to the determined threshold lambda of each layer, performing wavelet coefficient processing by adopting an asymptotic threshold function:
in the formula: lambda [ alpha ]1And λ2Are all threshold values and have λ1＝kλ2，0<k<1；
5) And reconstructing signals, namely reconstructing the approximate coefficients and the processed wavelet coefficients layer by layer to obtain the de-noised signals.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the practice of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description; this is not necessary, nor exhaustive, of all embodiments; and obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an electric power overhead line inspection device based on ultrasonic wave technique which characterized in that: the system comprises a power supply module, a main control module, an ultrasonic module, a signal processing module, an audio processing module, a data processing module and a human-computer interaction module; the power supply module, the signal processing module, the audio processing module, the data processing module and the man-machine interaction module are respectively connected with the main control module; the ultrasonic module, the signal processing module, the audio processing module, the data processing module and the human-computer interaction module are sequentially connected;
the power supply module is used for providing power supply for each module;
the main control module is used for configuring the signal processing module and the audio processing module and controlling the data processing module and the human-computer interaction module at the same time;
the ultrasonic module is used for receiving ultrasonic signals in an external environment;
the signal processing module is used for amplifying and filtering the ultrasonic signals acquired by the ultrasonic module;
the audio processing module is used for receiving the analog signals processed by the signal processing module and sending out audible sound through the earphone after processing;
the data processing module processes the digital signals processed by the audio processing module in real time, performs waveform display on the human-computer interaction module and stores the data during recording, and meanwhile, the stored data can be exported to a PC to be played by using an audio player;
the human-computer interaction module is used for displaying the waveform and adjusting and configuring related users through a key operation menu.
2. The ultrasonic technology-based power overhead line inspection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the signal processing module comprises a signal primary amplification unit, a signal secondary amplification unit and a signal filtering unit; the signal primary amplification unit amplifies ultrasonic waves by adopting a potentiometer and an operational amplifier; the signal secondary amplification unit adopts a balanced modem to process a signal carrier and amplify a signal; the signal filtering unit adopts a low-pass filter to filter out high-frequency signals.
3. The ultrasonic technology-based power overhead line inspection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the audio processing module comprises an audio input unit, an audio mixing processing unit and an audio output unit; the audio input unit receives the analog signals amplified and filtered by the signal processing module and converts the analog signals into digital signals; the audio mixing processing unit is used for carrying out noise filtering processing on the digital signal; the audio output unit converts the digital signal after the noise filtering of the audio mixing processing unit into an analog signal and outputs audible sound through an earphone.
4. The ultrasonic technology-based power overhead line inspection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the data processing module comprises a data storage unit and a data export unit; the data storage unit processes the audio data input by the audio processing module in real time after receiving the recording instruction of the human-computer interaction module, and stores the audio data in the FLASH; and the data export unit is in data interaction with the PC end through a mini USB interface, exports the stored recording data to the PC end and plays the recording data by using a music player.
5. The ultrasonic technology-based power overhead line inspection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the human-computer interaction module comprises a waveform display unit and a functional operation unit; the waveform display unit adopts an OLED display screen and displays a maximum dB value, an envelope curve diagram and a waveform diagram in real time; the function operation unit adjusts and configures volume, sensitivity, frequency and time through the two keys.
6. The overhead power line inspection device based on ultrasonic technology according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: the human-computer interaction module adopts a 0.8-inch OLED screen and double keys.
7. The ultrasonic technology-based power overhead line inspection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main control module adopts an ARM Cortex-M4 kernel MCU; the ultrasonic module is an ultrasonic sensor.
8. An inspection method for electric power overhead line inspection devices based on ultrasonic technology according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
acquiring an ultrasonic signal of the overhead power line through an ultrasonic module;
secondly, the signal processing module amplifies the collected ultrasonic signals through a potentiometer and an operational amplifier, processes signal carriers through a balance modem and amplifies the signals again, and finally filters out high-frequency signals through a low-pass filter and sends the signals to an audio processing module;
step three, the audio processing module firstly converts the analog signals into digital signals, then carries out self-adaptive wavelet noise filtering processing, converts the digital signals into analog signals and outputs audible sound from the earphone;
and fourthly, the data processing module processes the digital signals processed by the audio processing module in real time, waveform display is carried out on the human-computer interaction module, data storage is carried out during recording, and meanwhile the stored data can be exported to a PC to be played by using an audio player.
9. The inspection method according to claim 8, wherein in step three, the adaptive wavelet filtering process comprises the following steps:
1) selecting wavelet basis according to the similarity of the signal and the wavelet basis function;
2) decomposing the signal by adopting the selected wavelet basis to obtain N layers of detail signals and approximate signals;
3) calculating an autocorrelation coefficient for each layer of detail coefficient, if an autocorrelation sequence rapidly attenuates to zero along with the increase of m, indicating that the layer is mainly a noise layer, wherein the denoising threshold lambda is 4 delta-5 delta, delta is the standard deviation of each layer of detail coefficient, and m is generally 3-10; if the autocorrelation function is not rapidly attenuated to zero along with the increase of m, the wavelet coefficient of the layer is considered to contain useful information, and the threshold value of the layer is set to be the median of the standard deviation;
4) according to the determined threshold lambda of each layer, performing wavelet coefficient processing by adopting an asymptotic threshold function:
in the formula: lambda [ alpha ]1And λ2Are all threshold values and have λ1＝kλ2，0<k<1；
5) And reconstructing signals, namely reconstructing the approximate coefficients and the processed wavelet coefficients layer by layer to obtain the de-noised signals.
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