CN112751394B - High-power wireless charging system and method suitable for battery load - Google Patents
High-power wireless charging system and method suitable for battery load Download PDFInfo
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- CN112751394B CN112751394B CN202011598414.0A CN202011598414A CN112751394B CN 112751394 B CN112751394 B CN 112751394B CN 202011598414 A CN202011598414 A CN 202011598414A CN 112751394 B CN112751394 B CN 112751394B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless charging, and provides a high-power wireless charging system suitable for a battery load, which comprises a high-frequency inversion module, a high-frequency charging module and a high-power charging module, wherein the high-frequency inversion module is used for converting direct-current voltage into high-frequency alternating-current voltage according to a preset control signal; the rectification filtering module comprises a commercial power rectification filtering unit and a high-frequency rectification filtering unit, wherein the commercial power rectification filtering unit is used for filtering and rectifying commercial power input into direct-current voltage; and the coupling coil module is used for transferring the energy of the high-frequency alternating voltage to the rectifying and filtering module through coil coupling. The invention also provides a high-power wireless charging method suitable for the battery load, and the method has the advantages that the control unit controls the conduction of the inverter circuit, the voltage of the rectifying and filtering capacitor at the receiving end is continuously increased until the voltage on the capacitor is higher than the voltage of the battery, so that an effective loop is formed by the battery end, and the current impact on the primary coil is greatly reduced, thereby protecting the primary coil in the wireless charging system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless charging, in particular to a high-power wireless charging system and method suitable for a battery load.
Background
The wireless charging technology is derived from a wireless power transmission technology and can be divided into a low-power wireless charging mode and a high-power wireless charging mode.
The low-power wireless charging usually adopts an electromagnetic induction type, the high-power wireless charging usually adopts a resonance type, energy is transmitted to a power utilization device by power supply equipment (a charger), and the device charges a battery by using the received energy and simultaneously provides the power utilization device for self operation.
However, during the wireless charging of the battery, since the battery itself has a voltage, an effective loop cannot be formed at first, which causes the current in the receiving coil to be small, which causes the reflected voltage obtained by the transmitting coil to be small, and in the case of a constant voltage, the primary coil will be subjected to a very large current surge.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-power wireless charging system and method suitable for a battery load, which are used for solving the problem that a primary coil is over-large in impact due to small initial input impedance in the starting process of the wireless charging system;
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a high power wireless charging system adapted for use with a battery load, comprising:
the high-frequency inversion module is used for converting the direct-current voltage into high-frequency alternating-current voltage according to a preset control signal;
the rectification filtering module comprises a commercial power rectification filtering unit and a high-frequency rectification filtering unit, wherein the commercial power rectification filtering unit is used for filtering and rectifying commercial power input into direct-current voltage;
the coupling coil module is used for transferring the energy of the high-frequency alternating voltage to the rectifying and filtering module through coil coupling;
the high-frequency rectifying and filtering unit is used for filtering and rectifying the energy transmitted by the coupling coil module and outputting the energy to a battery for charging;
the coupling COIL module comprises an inductor TX _ COIL and a capacitor C, one end of the inductor TX _ COIL is connected with the high-frequency inverter module, the other end of the inductor TX _ COIL is connected with one end of the capacitor C, and the other end of the capacitor C is connected with the rectifying and filtering module.
Further, the high frequency inversion module includes:
the inverter unit is used for converting the direct-current voltage into high-frequency alternating-current voltage according to a preset control signal;
the control unit is used for sending a preset control signal to the inversion unit;
and the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the inverter unit.
Furthermore, the inversion unit comprises four inversion circuits;
the first inverter circuit is electrically connected with the second inverter circuit through the coupling coil module, and the third inverter circuit is electrically connected with the fourth inverter circuit through the coupling coil module;
the first inverter circuit and the second inverter circuit are conducted so that current can flow from the inductor TX _ COIL to the capacitor C, and the third inverter circuit and the fourth inverter circuit are conducted so that current can flow from the capacitor C to the inductor TX _ COIL.
Further, the first inverter circuit includes:
the driving circuit comprises a resistor R19, a capacitor C16, a resistor R18, a driving chip U4, a capacitor C13, a capacitor C12, a capacitor C11, a voltage stabilizing diode D10, a voltage stabilizing diode D7, a voltage stabilizing diode D8, a diode D9, a resistor R15, a resistor R9, a resistor R7, a resistor R6, a capacitor C5 and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube Q1;
the first pin of the driving chip U4 is connected to the control unit through a resistor R19, the first pin of the driving chip U4 is further connected to the third pin of the driving chip U4 through a capacitor C16, the third pin of the driving chip U4 is further grounded through a resistor R18, the fifth pin of the driving chip U4 is connected to one end of a resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected to one end of a resistor R9, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q1 through a resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R9 is further connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q1 through a resistor R7, the capacitor C5 is connected to both ends of the resistor R7 in parallel, the drain of the MOS transistor Q1 is electrically connected to one end of the inductor TX _ COIL which is not connected to the capacitor C, one end of the resistor R15 connected to the resistor R9 is further connected to the cathode of the zener diode D8, the anode of the zener diode D8 is connected to the anode of the zener diode D7, the cathode of the zener diode D7 is connected to the cathode of the zener diode D10, the anode of the zener diode D10 is connected to the fourth pin of the driving chip U4, the cathode of the capacitor C13 is connected to the fourth pin of the capacitor C13, the capacitor C13 is connected to the fourth pin of the capacitor C4, the capacitor C13 of the capacitor C4 is connected to the fourth pin of the capacitor C4, the capacitor C13, the power supply unit, the fourth pin of the capacitor unit, and the capacitor C4, the power supply unit, the capacitor C4, the fifth pin of the capacitor C4 is connected to the fifth pin, the fifth pin of the capacitor C4, and the capacitor C4.
Further, the second inverter circuit includes:
the driving circuit comprises a resistor R39, a capacitor C34, a resistor R38, a driving chip U8, a capacitor C31, a capacitor C30, a capacitor C29, a voltage stabilizing diode D20, a voltage stabilizing diode D17, a voltage stabilizing diode D18, a diode D19, a resistor R35, a resistor R34, a resistor R33, a resistor R32, a capacitor C28 and a MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube Q2;
the first pin of the driving chip U8 is connected with the control unit through a resistor R39, the first pin of the driving chip U8 is further connected with the third pin of the driving chip U8 through a capacitor C34, the third pin of the driving chip U8 is further grounded through a resistor R38, the fifth pin of the driving chip U8 is connected with one end of the resistor R35, the other end of the resistor R35 is connected with one end of the resistor R34, the other end of the resistor R34 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2 through a resistor R32, the other end of the resistor R34 is further connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2 through a resistor R33, the capacitor C28 is connected with two ends of the resistor R33 in parallel, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is electrically connected with one end of the capacitor C which is not connected with the inductor TX _ COIL, one end of the resistor R35 which is connected with the resistor R34 is further connected with the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D18, the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D18 is connected with the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D17, the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D17 is connected with the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D20, the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D20 is connected with the fourth pin of the driving chip U8, the capacitor C29 is connected with the two ends of the voltage stabilizing diode D20 in parallel, the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D20 is further connected with the power supply unit, the fifth pin of the driving chip U8 is further connected with the negative pole of the diode D19, the positive pole of the diode D19 is connected with the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D18, the fourth pin of the driving chip U8 is further connected with the power supply unit through the capacitor C31, the capacitor C30 is connected with the two ends of the capacitor C31 in parallel, the sixth pin of the driving chip U8 is connected with the fourth pin of the driving chip U4 through the capacitor C31, and the fourth pin of the driving chip U4 is further connected with the power supply unit.
Further, the third inverter circuit includes:
the driving circuit comprises a resistor R22, a capacitor C21, a resistor R23, a driving chip U5, a capacitor C24, a capacitor C25, a capacitor C26, a voltage stabilizing diode D11, a voltage stabilizing diode D14, a voltage stabilizing diode D13, a diode D12, a resistor R26, a resistor R27, a resistor R28, a resistor R29, a capacitor C27 and an MOS transistor Q3;
the first pin of the driving chip U5 is connected to the control unit through a resistor R22, the first pin of the driving chip U5 is further connected to the third pin of the driving chip U5 through a capacitor C21, the third pin of the driving chip U5 is further grounded through a resistor R23, the fifth pin of the driving chip U5 is connected to one end of a resistor R26, the other end of the resistor R26 is connected to one end of a resistor R27, the other end of the resistor R27 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 through a resistor R29, the other end of the resistor R27 is further connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q3 through a resistor R28, the capacitor C27 is connected to both ends of the resistor R28, the drain of the MOS transistor Q3 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C that is not connected to the inductor TX _ COIL, the end of the resistor R26 connected to the resistor R27 is further connected to the cathode of the diode D13, the anode of the diode D13 is connected to the anode of the diode D14, the cathode of the diode D14 is connected to the cathode of the diode D11, the fourth pin of the capacitor C5 is connected to the capacitor C24, the capacitor C24 is connected to the cathode of the driving chip and the fourth pin of the diode driving chip 5, the capacitor C12, the capacitor C24 is connected to the diode D12, the capacitor C24 is connected to the fourth pin of the diode D5, and the diode D12, the diode C24, the capacitor C24.
Further, the fourth inverter circuit includes:
the driving circuit comprises a resistor R8, a capacitor C5, a resistor R13, a driving chip U2, a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C7, a voltage stabilizing diode D5, a voltage stabilizing diode D4, a voltage stabilizing diode D3, a diode D2, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R14, a resistor R12, a capacitor C10 and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube Q4;
the first pin of the driving chip U2 is connected with the control unit through a resistor R8, the first pin of the driving chip U2 is further connected with the third pin of the driving chip U2 through a capacitor C6, the third pin of the driving chip U2 is further grounded through a resistor R13, the fifth pin of the driving chip U2 is connected with one end of a resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R10 is connected with one end of a resistor R11, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q4 through a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R9 is further connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube Q4 through a resistor R14, the capacitor C10 is connected with two ends of the resistor R14 in parallel, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q4 is electrically connected with one end of the inductor TX _ COIL, which is not connected with the capacitor C, and the end of the resistor R10 connected with the resistor R11 is further connected with the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D3, the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D3 is connected with the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D4, the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D4 is connected with the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D5, the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D5 is connected with the fourth pin of the driving chip U2, the capacitor C7 is connected to the two ends of the voltage stabilizing diode D5 in parallel, the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D5 is also connected with the power supply unit, the fifth pin of the driving chip U2 is also connected with the negative pole of the diode D2, the positive pole of the diode D2 is connected with the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D3, the fourth pin of the driving chip U2 is also connected with the power supply unit through the capacitor C8, the capacitor C9 is connected to the two ends of the capacitor C8 in parallel, the sixth pin of the driving chip U2 is connected with the fourth pin of the driving chip U2 through the capacitor C8, and the fourth pin of the driving chip U2 is also connected with the power supply unit.
A high-power wireless charging method suitable for a battery load comprises the following steps:
generating PWM waves with preset times of coil frequency through a control unit, and transmitting energy to a receiving end in an intermittent packet transmitting state to enable the receiving end to establish communication with a transmitting end;
when communication is established, the intermittent packet sending state is converted into a continuous high-frequency PWM (pulse-width modulation) wave packet sending state, so that the battery load is connected into a wireless charging system to form a loop;
when the battery load is connected into the system, the frequency of the inverter circuit is reduced, so that the frequency of the inverter circuit is reduced to the resonant frequency.
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
the control unit controls the inverter circuit to be conducted, the voltage of the rectifying and filtering capacitor of the receiving end is continuously increased until the voltage on the capacitor is higher than the voltage of the battery, so that an effective loop is formed by the battery end, the current impact on the primary coil is greatly reduced, and the primary coil in the wireless charging system is protected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an inverter unit and a coil coupling module according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an inverter unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a power supply unit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is an overall flow chart of a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the current magnitude of the wireless charging transmitting and receiving terminals according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention relates to a high power wireless charging system suitable for battery load, comprising: high-frequency inversion module, rectification filter module and coupling coil module
The high-frequency inversion module is used for converting the direct-current voltage into high-frequency alternating-current voltage according to a preset control signal; the rectification filtering module comprises a commercial power rectification filtering unit and a high-frequency rectification filtering unit, the commercial power rectification filtering unit is used for rectifying commercial power input filter into direct-current voltage, and the high-frequency rectification filtering unit is used for filtering and rectifying energy transmitted by the coupling coil module and outputting the energy to a battery for charging; the coupling coil module is used for transferring the energy of the high-frequency alternating voltage to the rectifying and filtering module through coil coupling;
the coupling COIL module comprises an inductor TX _ COIL and a capacitor C, one end of the inductor TX _ COIL is connected with the high-frequency inverter module, the other end of the inductor TX _ COIL is connected with one end of the capacitor C, and the other end of the capacitor C is connected with the rectification filter module.
The high frequency contravariant module includes: the power supply system comprises a control unit, an inversion unit and a power supply unit; the control unit is used for sending preset control signals to the inversion unit, the inversion unit is used for converting direct-current voltage into high-frequency alternating-current voltage according to the preset control signals, and the power supply unit is used for providing power supply for the inversion unit.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the inverter unit includes four inverter circuits.
The first inverter circuit is electrically connected with the second inverter circuit through the coupling coil module, and the third inverter circuit is electrically connected with the fourth inverter circuit through the coupling coil module;
the first inverter circuit and the second inverter circuit are conducted to enable current to flow from the inductor TX _ COIL to the capacitor C, and the third inverter circuit and the fourth inverter circuit are conducted to enable current to flow from the capacitor C to the inductor TX _ COIL.
The first inverter circuit comprises a resistor R19, a capacitor C16, a resistor R18, a driving chip U4, a capacitor C13, a capacitor C12, a capacitor C11, a voltage stabilizing diode D10, a voltage stabilizing diode D7, a voltage stabilizing diode D8, a diode D9, a resistor R15, a resistor R9, a resistor R7, a resistor R6, a capacitor C5 and an MOS tube Q1.
The first pin of the driving chip U4 is connected with the control unit through a resistor R19, the first pin of the driving chip U4 is further connected with the third pin of the driving chip U4 through a capacitor C16, the third pin of the driving chip U4 is further grounded through a resistor R18, the fifth pin of the driving chip U4 is connected with one end of a resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with one end of a resistor R9, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q1 through a resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R9 is further connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1 through a resistor R7, the capacitor C5 is connected with two ends of the resistor R7 in parallel, the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is electrically connected with one end of the inductor TX _ COIL, which is not connected with the capacitor C, and the end of the resistor R15 connected with the resistor R9 is further connected with the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D8, the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D8 is connected with the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D7, the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D7 is connected with the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D10, the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 is connected with the fourth pin of the driving chip U4, the capacitor C11 is connected to the two ends of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 in parallel, the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 is also connected with the power supply unit, the fifth pin of the driving chip U4 is also connected with the negative pole of the diode D9, the positive pole of the diode D9 is connected with the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D8, the fourth pin of the driving chip U4 is also connected with the power supply unit through the capacitor C13, the capacitor C12 is connected to the two ends of the capacitor C13 in parallel, the sixth pin of the driving chip U4 is connected with the fourth pin of the driving chip U4 through the capacitor C13, and the fourth pin of the driving chip U4 is also connected with the power supply unit.
The second inverter circuit comprises a resistor R39, a capacitor C34, a resistor R38, a driving chip U8, a capacitor C31, a capacitor C30, a capacitor C29, a voltage stabilizing diode D20, a voltage stabilizing diode D17, a voltage stabilizing diode D18, a diode D19, a resistor R35, a resistor R34, a resistor R33, a resistor R32, a capacitor C28 and a MOS transistor Q2.
The first pin of the driving chip U8 is connected with the control unit through a resistor R39, the first pin of the driving chip U8 is further connected with the third pin of the driving chip U8 through a capacitor C34, the third pin of the driving chip U8 is further grounded through a resistor R38, the fifth pin of the driving chip U8 is connected with one end of the resistor R35, the other end of the resistor R35 is connected with one end of the resistor R34, the other end of the resistor R34 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2 through a resistor R32, the other end of the resistor R34 is further connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2 through a resistor R33, the capacitor C28 is connected with two ends of the resistor R33 in parallel, the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is electrically connected with one end of the capacitor C which is not connected with the inductor TX _ COIL, one end of the resistor R35 connected with the resistor R34 is further connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D18, the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D18 is connected with the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D17, the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D17 is connected with the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D20, the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D20 is connected with the fourth pin of the driving chip U8, the capacitor C29 is connected with the two ends of the voltage stabilizing diode D20 in parallel, the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D20 is further connected with the power supply unit, the fifth pin of the driving chip U8 is further connected with the negative pole of the diode D19, the positive pole of the diode D19 is connected with the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D18, the fourth pin of the driving chip U8 is further connected with the power supply unit through the capacitor C31, the capacitor C30 is connected with the two ends of the capacitor C31 in parallel, the sixth pin of the driving chip U8 is connected with the fourth pin of the driving chip U4 through the capacitor C31, and the fourth pin of the driving chip U4 is further connected with the power supply unit.
The third inverter circuit comprises a resistor R22, a capacitor C21, a resistor R23, a driving chip U5, a capacitor C24, a capacitor C25, a capacitor C26, a voltage stabilizing diode D11, a voltage stabilizing diode D14, a voltage stabilizing diode D13, a diode D12, a resistor R26, a resistor R27, a resistor R28, a resistor R29, a capacitor C27 and a MOS tube Q3.
The first pin of the driving chip U5 is connected to the control unit through a resistor R22, the first pin of the driving chip U5 is further connected to the third pin of the driving chip U5 through a capacitor C21, the third pin of the driving chip U5 is further grounded through a resistor R23, the fifth pin of the driving chip U5 is connected to one end of a resistor R26, the other end of the resistor R26 is connected to one end of a resistor R27, the other end of the resistor R27 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 through a resistor R29, the other end of the resistor R27 is further connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q3 through a resistor R28, the capacitor C27 is connected to both ends of the resistor R28, the drain of the MOS transistor Q3 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C that is not connected to the inductor TX _ COIL, the end of the resistor R26 connected to the resistor R27 is further connected to the cathode of the diode D13, the anode of the diode D13 is connected to the anode of the diode D14, the cathode of the diode D14 is connected to the cathode of the diode D11, the fourth pin of the capacitor C5 is connected to the capacitor C24, the capacitor C24 is connected to the cathode of the driving chip and the fourth pin of the diode driving chip 5, the capacitor C12, the capacitor C24 is connected to the diode D12, the capacitor C24 is connected to the fourth pin of the diode D5, and the diode D12, the diode C24, the capacitor C24.
The fourth inverse transformation circuit comprises a resistor R8, a capacitor C5, a resistor R13, a driving chip U2, a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C7, a voltage stabilizing diode D5, a voltage stabilizing diode D4, a voltage stabilizing diode D3, a diode D2, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R14, a resistor R12, a capacitor C10 and an MOS tube Q4.
The first pin of the driving chip U2 is connected with the control unit through a resistor R8, the first pin of the driving chip U2 is further connected with the third pin of the driving chip U2 through a capacitor C6, the third pin of the driving chip U2 is further grounded through a resistor R13, the fifth pin of the driving chip U2 is connected with one end of a resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R10 is connected with one end of a resistor R11, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q4 through a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R9 is further connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube Q4 through a resistor R14, the capacitor C10 is connected with two ends of the resistor R14 in parallel, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q4 is electrically connected with one end of the inductor TX _ COIL, which is not connected with the capacitor C, and the end of the resistor R10 connected with the resistor R11 is further connected with the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D3, the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D3 is connected with the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D4, the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D4 is connected with the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D5, the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D5 is connected with the fourth pin of the driving chip U2, the capacitor C7 is connected to the two ends of the voltage stabilizing diode D5 in parallel, the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D5 is also connected with the power supply unit, the fifth pin of the driving chip U2 is also connected with the negative pole of the diode D2, the positive pole of the diode D2 is connected with the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D3, the fourth pin of the driving chip U2 is also connected with the power supply unit through the capacitor C8, the capacitor C9 is connected to the two ends of the capacitor C8 in parallel, the sixth pin of the driving chip U2 is connected with the fourth pin of the driving chip U2 through the capacitor C8, and the fourth pin of the driving chip U2 is also connected with the power supply unit.
The preset signals of the control unit are respectively sent to the four inverter circuits, when the first inverter circuit and the second inverter circuit receive the preset signals, the MOS tube Q1 and the MOS tube Q2 are conducted through the driving chip U4 and the driving chip U8, and then the input power supply can sequentially flow through the capacitor C, the inductor TX _ COIL and the MOS tube Q1 through the MOS tube Q2, so that the energy of the input power supply can be transmitted to the energy receiving end through LC resonance.
When the third inverter circuit and the fourth inverter circuit receive the preset signal, the MOS tube Q3 and the MOS tube Q4 are conducted through the driving chip U5 and the driving chip U2, and then the input power supply can sequentially flow through the inductor TX _ COIL, the capacitor C and the MOS tube Q3 through the MOS tube Q4, so that the energy of the input power supply can be transmitted to the energy receiving end through LC resonance.
The first inverter circuit, the second inverter circuit, the third inverter circuit and the fourth inverter circuit are sequentially conducted, so that the current direction of an input power supply when flowing through the COIL coupling module is changed, and therefore alternating voltage is generated through the inductor TX _ COIL and the capacitor C and is sent to a receiving end to transfer energy.
As shown in fig. 4, the power supply unit includes four power supply circuits, fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the first power supply circuit, and the circuit structures of the remaining three power supply circuits are identical to the circuit structure, and the power supply unit of the present invention adopts a mode that each power supply circuit individually supplies power to each inverter circuit.
Wherein, first power supply circuit includes: the circuit comprises a resistor R20, a resistor R5, a capacitor C18, a capacitor C17, a power supply chip U3, a capacitor C15, a capacitor C14, a voltage stabilizing diode D6, a resistor R7 and a resistor R16;
the first pin of a power chip U3 is connected with a power supply through a resistor R5, a resistor R20 is connected with two ends of the resistor R5 in parallel, the second pin of the power chip U3 is connected with the first pin of the power chip U3 through a capacitor C17, a capacitor C18 is connected with two ends of the capacitor C17 in parallel, the second pin of the power chip U3 is further connected with a power supply loop, the fifth pin of the power chip U3 is connected with the anode of a voltage stabilizing diode D6, the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D6 is connected with one end of the resistor R17, the other end of the resistor R17 is connected with the cathode of a voltage stabilizing diode D10 in a first inverter circuit through a resistor R16, one end of the resistor R16 connected with the resistor R17 is further connected with the seventh pin of the power chip U3, a capacitor C14 is connected between the fifth pin of the power chip U3 and the sixth pin of the power chip U3, a capacitor C15 is connected between the seventh pin of the power chip U3 and the sixth pin of the power chip U3, the seventh pin of the power chip U3 is further connected with the sixth pin of a driving chip U4 in the first inverter circuit, and the fourth pin of the driving chip U3 are respectively connected with the fifth pin of the driving chip U4.
The specific working principle of the invention is as follows: firstly, the receiving end of the battery load is in a completely power-off state, the control system also needs the energy transmitting end to supply power, so that very little energy is needed to wake up the circuit of the receiving end, a PWM wave with 2-3 times of coil resonance frequency can be generated at the moment, the energy is transmitted to the receiving end in an intermittent packet sending state, when the control circuit of the receiving end is started, communication can be established with a BMS (battery management system) of the battery to enable the battery to be connected into the system, and the ratio of the packet sending determines the ratio of the voltage of the inverter to the coil to the voltage of the mains supply after rectification and filtering.
In the LC oscillating circuit, the impedance is jwL +1/jwc, and since the phase on the coil is 180 degrees different from the phase on the capacitor, the impedance of the LC oscillating circuit is Z1= jwL + 1/(-jwc) in practice.
LC resonance, inductive and capacitive reactance cancellation when jwL = 1/jwc; when the frequency of the inverter is increased to twice the natural frequency of the LC, its impedance is Z1=2jwL-1/2jwC, whereby it is seen that the impedance of the whole circuit is greatly increased and the current acting in the coil is very small.
Secondly, when communication is established, the battery is precharged, and the voltage of the rectifying part of the receiving terminal needs to be raised so as to form a voltage difference to charge the battery.
At this time, more energy is transmitted than in the first stage, so that the high-frequency packet transmission state in the first stage is changed into the continuous high-frequency PWM state in the second stage, and the voltage of the coil of the inverter in the continuous packet transmission state is the commercial power rectification voltage, but the LC impedance is still large because the high-frequency state is still maintained.
From P = U ^2/R, it can be known that the energy of the transmitting coil is increased, the voltage at two ends of the capacitor is continuously increased due to the energy input of the capacitor at the receiving end side, and when the voltage at two ends of the capacitor is greater than the voltage at the battery end, the battery load is connected into the system to form a loop.
When the battery is connected to the system, the power can be increased step by reducing the frequency of the inverter circuit so that the frequency of the inverter circuit gradually approaches the resonant frequency. At this time, the current of the transmitting terminal is gradually increased due to the reduction of the input impedance, so that the current of the receiving terminal is increased, and in the process, the current is gradually increased, so that the problem of current surge caused by sudden change of the transmitting coil in the initial charging stage of the battery can be solved.
According to the invention, the control unit outputs PWM waves with different frequencies to control the conduction frequency of the inverter circuit, so that the voltage of a rectifying and filtering capacitor at a receiving end is continuously increased until the voltage on the capacitor is higher than the voltage of a battery, an effective loop is formed by the battery end, and the current impact on a primary coil is greatly reduced.
Example two
As shown in fig. 5, a high-power wireless charging method suitable for a battery load according to the present invention includes the steps of:
s1, generating PWM waves with preset times of coil frequency through a control unit, and sending energy to a receiving end in an intermittent packet sending state to enable the receiving end to establish communication with a transmitting end;
s2, when communication is established, the intermittent packet sending state is converted into a continuous high-frequency PWM (pulse-width modulation) wave packet sending state, so that a battery load is connected into a wireless charging system to form a loop;
and S3, when the battery load is connected into the system, reducing the frequency of the inverter circuit, so that the frequency of the inverter circuit is gradually close to the resonant frequency.
Specifically, in an initial state, the receiving end of the battery load is in a completely power-off state, and the control system also needs the energy transmitting end to supply power, so that very little energy is needed to wake up the circuit of the receiving end, a PWM wave with 2-3 times of coil resonance frequency can be generated at this time, energy is transmitted to the receiving end in an intermittent packet sending state, when the control circuit of the receiving end is started, communication can be established with the BMS of the battery to enable the battery to be connected into the system, and the ratio of the packet sending determines the ratio of the voltage of the coil of the inverter to the voltage of the mains supply after rectification and filtering.
In the LC oscillating circuit, the impedance is jwL +1/jwc, and since the phase on the coil is 180 degrees different from the phase on the capacitor, the impedance of the LC oscillating circuit is Z1= jwL + 1/(-jwc) in practice.
LC resonance, inductive and capacitive reactance cancellation when jwL = 1/jwc; when the frequency of the inverter is increased to twice the LC natural frequency, the impedance thereof is Z1=2jwL-1/2jwC, whereby it is seen that the impedance of the entire circuit is greatly increased and the current acting in the coil is very small.
Secondly, when communication is established, a battery is precharged, and then the voltage of the rectifying part of the receiving terminal needs to be raised so as to form a voltage difference to charge the battery.
At this time, more energy is transmitted than in the first stage, so that the high-frequency packet transmission state in the first stage is changed into the continuous high-frequency PWM state in the second stage, and the voltage of the coil of the inverter in the continuous packet transmission state is the commercial power rectification voltage, but the LC impedance is still large because the high-frequency state is still maintained.
From P = U ^2/R, it can be known that the energy of the transmitting coil is increased, the voltage at two ends of the capacitor is continuously increased due to the energy input of the capacitor at the receiving end side, and when the voltage at two ends of the capacitor is greater than the voltage at the battery end, the battery load is connected into the system to form a loop.
As shown in fig. 6, when the battery is connected to the system, the power may be increased step by decreasing the frequency of the inverter circuit so that the frequency of the inverter circuit gradually approaches the resonant frequency of the coil coupling module.
Fig. 6 shows that the receiving end equivalent load is 1.6 ohms, and the current of the transmitting end and the receiving end changes when the frequency changes, and at this time, the current of the transmitting end gradually increases due to the reduction of the input impedance, so that the current of the receiving end increases.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments, or alternatives may be employed, by those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A high power wireless charging method for a battery load, which is used in a high power wireless charging system for the battery load, the system comprising:
the high-frequency inversion module is used for converting the direct-current voltage into high-frequency alternating-current voltage according to a preset control signal;
the rectification filtering module comprises a commercial power rectification filtering unit and a high-frequency rectification filtering unit, wherein the commercial power rectification filtering unit is used for filtering and rectifying commercial power input into direct-current voltage;
the coupling coil module is used for transferring the energy of the high-frequency alternating voltage to the rectifying and filtering module through coil coupling;
the high-frequency rectifying and filtering unit is used for filtering and rectifying the energy transmitted by the coupling coil module and outputting the energy to a battery for charging;
the coupling COIL module comprises an inductor TX _ COIL and a capacitor C, one end of the inductor TX _ COIL is connected with the high-frequency inverter module, the other end of the inductor TX _ COIL is connected with one end of the capacitor C, and the other end of the capacitor C is connected with the rectifying and filtering module;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the control unit enables the inverter circuit to generate PWM waves with preset times of coil resonance frequency, and energy is sent to the receiving end in an intermittent packet sending state, so that the receiving end and the transmitting end are communicated;
when communication is established, the intermittent packet sending state is converted into a continuous high-frequency PWM (pulse-width modulation) wave packet sending state, so that a battery load is connected into a wireless charging system to form a loop;
when the battery load is connected into the system, the frequency of the inverter circuit is reduced, so that the frequency of the inverter circuit is reduced to the resonant frequency.
2. The high-power wireless charging method suitable for the battery load according to claim 1, wherein the high-frequency inverter module comprises:
the inverter unit is used for converting the direct-current voltage into high-frequency alternating-current voltage according to a preset control signal;
the control unit is used for sending a preset control signal to the inversion unit;
and the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the inverter unit.
3. The high-power wireless charging method suitable for the battery load according to claim 2, wherein the inverter unit comprises four inverter circuits;
the first inverter circuit is electrically connected with the second inverter circuit through the coupling coil module, and the third inverter circuit is electrically connected with the fourth inverter circuit through the coupling coil module;
the first inverter circuit and the second inverter circuit are conducted to enable current to flow from the inductor TX _ COIL to the capacitor C, and the third inverter circuit and the fourth inverter circuit are conducted to enable current to flow from the capacitor C to the inductor TX _ COIL.
4. The high-power wireless charging method suitable for the battery load according to claim 3, wherein the first inverter circuit comprises: the driving circuit comprises a resistor R19, a capacitor C16, a resistor R18, a driving chip U4, a capacitor C13, a capacitor C12, a capacitor C11, a voltage stabilizing diode D10, a voltage stabilizing diode D7, a voltage stabilizing diode D8, a diode D9, a resistor R15, a resistor R9, a resistor R7, a resistor R6, a capacitor C5 and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor Q1;
the first pin of the driving chip U4 is connected with the control unit through a resistor R19, the first pin of the driving chip U4 is further connected with the third pin of the driving chip U4 through a capacitor C16, the third pin of the driving chip U4 is further grounded through a resistor R18, the fifth pin of the driving chip U4 is connected with one end of a resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with one end of a resistor R9, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with the gate of the MOS transistor Q1 through a resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R9 is further connected with the source of the MOS transistor Q1 through a resistor R7, the capacitor C5 is connected with two ends of the resistor R7 in parallel, the drain of the MOS transistor Q1 is electrically connected with one end of the inductor TX _ COIL which is not connected with the capacitor C, one end of the resistor R15 connected with the resistor R9 is further connected with the cathode of a voltage stabilizing diode D8, the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D8 is connected with the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D7, the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D7 is connected with the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D10, the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 is connected with the fourth pin of the driving chip U4, the capacitor C11 is connected with the two ends of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 in parallel, the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 is further connected with the power supply unit, the fifth pin of the driving chip U4 is further connected with the negative pole of the diode D9, the positive pole of the diode D9 is connected with the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D8, the fourth pin of the driving chip U4 is further connected with the power supply unit through the capacitor C13, the capacitor C12 is connected with the two ends of the capacitor C13 in parallel, the sixth pin of the driving chip U4 is connected with the fourth pin of the driving chip U4 through the capacitor C13, and the fourth pin of the driving chip U4 is further connected with the power supply unit.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the second inverter circuit comprises:
the driving circuit comprises a resistor R39, a capacitor C34, a resistor R38, a driving chip U8, a capacitor C31, a capacitor C30, a capacitor C29, a voltage stabilizing diode D20, a voltage stabilizing diode D17, a voltage stabilizing diode D18, a diode D19, a resistor R35, a resistor R34, a resistor R33, a resistor R32, a capacitor C28 and a MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube Q2;
the first pin of the driving chip U8 is connected to the control unit through a resistor R39, the first pin of the driving chip U8 is further connected to the third pin of the driving chip U8 through a capacitor C34, the third pin of the driving chip U8 is further grounded through a resistor R38, the fifth pin of the driving chip U8 is connected to one end of a resistor R35, the other end of the resistor R35 is connected to one end of the resistor R34, the other end of the resistor R34 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q2 through a resistor R32, the other end of the resistor R34 is further connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q2 through a resistor R33, a capacitor C28 is connected to both ends of the resistor R33, the source of the MOS transistor Q2 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C which is not connected to the inductor TX _ COIL, the end of the resistor R35 connected to the resistor R34 is further connected to the cathode of the zener diode D18, the anode of the zener diode D18 is connected to the anode of the zener diode D17, the cathode of the zener diode D17 is connected to the cathode of the driving chip U8, the fourth pin of the capacitor C19 is further connected to the cathode of the capacitor C31 of the driving chip C20, the capacitor C19, the capacitor C31 of the capacitor C20 is connected to the fourth pin of the capacitor C20, and the capacitor C31 of the capacitor C19, the capacitor C31 of the capacitor C19, the capacitor C31 is connected to the fourth driving chip, and the capacitor C31 of the capacitor C19.
6. The high-power wireless charging method suitable for the battery load according to claim 3, wherein the third inverter circuit comprises:
the driving circuit comprises a resistor R22, a capacitor C21, a resistor R23, a driving chip U5, a capacitor C24, a capacitor C25, a capacitor C26, a voltage stabilizing diode D11, a voltage stabilizing diode D14, a voltage stabilizing diode D13, a diode D12, a resistor R26, a resistor R27, a resistor R28, a resistor R29, a capacitor C27 and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube Q3;
the first pin of the driving chip U5 is connected to the control unit through a resistor R22, the first pin of the driving chip U5 is further connected to the third pin of the driving chip U5 through a capacitor C21, the third pin of the driving chip U5 is further grounded through a resistor R23, the fifth pin of the driving chip U5 is connected to one end of a resistor R26, the other end of the resistor R26 is connected to one end of a resistor R27, the other end of the resistor R27 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 through a resistor R29, the other end of the resistor R27 is further connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q3 through a resistor R28, the capacitor C27 is connected to both ends of the resistor R28, the drain of the MOS transistor Q3 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor C which is not connected to the inductor TX _ COIL, the end of the resistor R26 connected to the resistor R27 is further connected to the cathode of the zener diode D13, the anode of the zener diode D13 is connected to the anode of the zener diode D14, the cathode of the zener diode D14 is connected to the cathode of the driving chip U5, the fourth pin of the capacitor C24 is further connected to the cathode of the capacitor C24, the capacitor C24 of the capacitor C12, the capacitor C24 is connected to the capacitor C24, the capacitor C24 of the fourth pin of the capacitor C5, and the capacitor C24, the capacitor C24 is connected to the capacitor C24, and the capacitor C24 of the capacitor C12, the capacitor C12 of the capacitor C12, and the capacitor C12 of the capacitor C5 is connected to the fourth driving chip, and the capacitor C24.
7. A high power wireless charging method suitable for battery load according to claim 3, wherein the fourth inverter circuit comprises:
the driving circuit comprises a resistor R8, a capacitor C5, a resistor R13, a driving chip U2, a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C7, a voltage stabilizing diode D5, a voltage stabilizing diode D4, a voltage stabilizing diode D3, a diode D2, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R14, a resistor R12, a capacitor C10 and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube Q4;
the first pin of the driving chip U2 is connected with the control unit through a resistor R8, the first pin of the driving chip U2 is further connected with the third pin of the driving chip U2 through a capacitor C6, the third pin of the driving chip U2 is further grounded through a resistor R13, the fifth pin of the driving chip U2 is connected with one end of a resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R10 is connected with one end of a resistor R11, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q4 through a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R9 is further connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube Q4 through a resistor R14, the capacitor C10 is connected with two ends of the resistor R14 in parallel, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q4 is electrically connected with one end of the inductor TX _ COIL, which is not connected with the capacitor C, and the end of the resistor R10 connected with the resistor R11 is further connected with the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D3, the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D3 is connected with the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D4, the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D4 is connected with the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D5, the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D5 is connected with the fourth pin of the driving chip U2, the capacitor C7 is connected to the two ends of the voltage stabilizing diode D5 in parallel, the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D5 is also connected with the power supply unit, the fifth pin of the driving chip U2 is also connected with the negative pole of the diode D2, the positive pole of the diode D2 is connected with the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode D3, the fourth pin of the driving chip U2 is also connected with the power supply unit through the capacitor C8, the capacitor C9 is connected to the two ends of the capacitor C8 in parallel, the sixth pin of the driving chip U2 is connected with the fourth pin of the driving chip U2 through the capacitor C8, and the fourth pin of the driving chip U2 is also connected with the power supply unit.
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