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CN112754590A - Drill bit for orthopedics - Google Patents

Drill bit for orthopedics Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112754590A
CN112754590A CN202011606514.3A CN202011606514A CN112754590A CN 112754590 A CN112754590 A CN 112754590A CN 202011606514 A CN202011606514 A CN 202011606514A CN 112754590 A CN112754590 A CN 112754590A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
drill bit
rod
drill
limiting plate
bevel gear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202011606514.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN112754590B (en
Inventor
刘育鹏
章灿
万军
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Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
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Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
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Priority to CN202011606514.3A priority Critical patent/CN112754590B/en
Publication of CN112754590A publication Critical patent/CN112754590A/en
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Publication of CN112754590B publication Critical patent/CN112754590B/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1613Component parts
    • A61B17/1615Drill bits, i.e. rotating tools extending from a handpiece to contact the worked material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1613Component parts
    • A61B17/1633Sleeves, i.e. non-rotating parts surrounding the bit shaft, e.g. the sleeve forming a single unit with the bit shaft
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an orthopedic drill bit which comprises a drill bit mechanism for feeding, a drill rod for mounting and a pressing mechanism for providing pretightening force, wherein the drill rod is arranged at the rear end of the drill bit mechanism, the pressing mechanism is arranged in the drill rod, an adjusting mechanism is connected onto the pressing mechanism, and a power mechanism is arranged at the power end of the adjusting mechanism. According to the invention, the limiting plate is matched with the tightening ball, so that a certain rotary stress exists between the drill bit mechanism and the drill rod, when the drill bit mechanism is clamped or the hardness of the subchondral bone exceeds a preset rotary stress value of the drill rod, the electric drill drives the drill rod to idle at a proper time, the drill bit mechanism is prevented from continuously drilling after being clamped or reaching the subchondral bone, the safety is improved, the rotary nut is utilized to adjust the stress between the limiting plate and the tightening seat through the matching screw rod, so that different stress intensities and states are adjusted, and the practicability is improved.

Description

Drill bit for orthopedics
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of orthopedic treatment, in particular to an orthopedic drill bit.
Background
With the aggravation of aging of population, more and more aged fracture patients are accompanied by osteoporosis of different degrees, and in the existing osteoporotic proximal femur and proximal humerus fracture treatment operation, the osteoporotic fracture is usually treated by adopting a locking steel plate technology; the screws and the steel plate can be locked into a whole, and a plurality of screws with different angles are intensively arranged in the femoral head or the humeral head to achieve the purpose of holding the bone together, thereby forming a system for fixing the osteoporotic bone at multiple points. In order to obtain better biomechanical stability and minimize various related complications after operation, the optimal position of the screw tip is just under the subchondral bone of the articular surface, and a screw implantation hole with corresponding hole depth is drilled in the bone by using an electric drill.
At present, in the orthopedic drilling treatment, due to the different bone characteristics, the clamping is easy to occur, and generally, in the moment of the clamping, a doctor needs to stop operating in time to avoid danger caused by continuous drilling, so that the doctor needs to have enough fast reaction capability and extremely high requirements, and most doctors are difficult to handle clinically. Meanwhile, if the drill breaks through subchondral bone, the cartilage surface of the joint is damaged and enters the joint cavity, and a series of complications such as infection, traumatic arthritis and the like can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving the above problems and providing an orthopedic drill.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
a drill bit for orthopedics comprises a drill bit mechanism for feeding, a drill rod for mounting and a pressing mechanism for providing pretightening force, wherein the drill rod is arranged at the rear end of the drill bit mechanism, the pressing mechanism is arranged in the drill rod, an adjusting mechanism is connected onto the pressing mechanism, and a power mechanism is arranged at the power end of the adjusting mechanism;
the drill bit mechanism comprises a top end drill bit, a head body and a chip groove, wherein the top end drill bit is formed at the front end of the head body, and the chip groove is formed on the head body;
the pressing mechanism comprises a connecting rod, a limiting plate, a jacking seat and a jacking ball, the connecting rod is connected to the rear end of the head body, the limiting plate is arranged at the rear end of the connecting rod, the jacking seat is arranged on the rear side of the limiting plate, the jacking ball is arranged on one side of the jacking seat opposite to the limiting plate, and a matching groove is formed between the jacking ball and the limiting plate;
adjustment mechanism includes telescopic link, spring, pressure disk, cooperation screw rod, the telescopic link sets up on the tight seat in top, and passes the tight seat in top is connected the limiting plate, the telescopic link includes interior pole, sleeve, latch segment, locking groove, the interior pole outside is connected the sleeve, interior pole for the sleeve inboard is provided with the latch segment, the inboard shaping of interior pole has the groove of accomodating, it has to accomodate the inboard shaping of inslot the locking groove, the telescopic link outside is provided with the spring, spring one end is connected the pressure disk, the pressure disk rear end is provided with the cooperation screw rod, cooperation screw rod power end is connected power unit.
Preferably: the power mechanism comprises a driven bevel gear, a driving bevel gear and a rotating nut, the driven bevel gear is connected with the matching screw rod, one end of the driven bevel gear is meshed with the driving bevel gear, and one end of the driving bevel gear is connected with the rotating nut.
According to the arrangement, when the pretightening force between the jacking ball and the jacking seat needs to be adjusted, the rotary nut is rotated to enable the driving bevel gear to drive the driven bevel gear to rotate, so that the matching screw rod is matched with the pressing plate to extend, and the jacking ball obtains enough pretightening force.
Preferably: the power mechanism comprises a worm wheel, a worm and a rotating nut, the worm wheel is connected with the matching screw rod, the worm wheel is meshed with the worm, and one end of the worm is connected with the rotating nut.
So set up, as needs adjust the tight ball of top with during pretightning force between the tight seat of top, rotate rotatory nut makes the worm drives the worm wheel is rotatory, thereby makes the cooperation screw rod cooperation the pressure disk extension makes the tight ball of top obtains sufficient pretightning force.
Preferably: the connecting rod is connected with the head body in a welding mode, the limiting plate is connected with the connecting rod in a welding mode, and the limiting plate is connected with the sleeve in a welding mode.
So set up, the connecting rod the limiting plate plays connection and limiting displacement.
Preferably: the inner rod is rotatably connected with the sleeve, and the locking block is formed on the inner rod.
So set up, inside the interior pole the latch segment card when going into the locking groove, then whole can not take place to rotate, drill bit mechanism with the drilling rod is rigid connection.
Preferably: the matching screw rod is connected with the pressure plate through threads.
So set up, the cooperation screw rod cooperation the pressure disk carries out the concertina work.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the drill bit mechanism has certain rotary stress relative to the drill rod by utilizing the matching of the limiting plate and the jacking ball, when the drill bit mechanism is blocked or the drill bit reaches the subchondral bone, the electric drill drives the drill rod to idle at the right time, the drill bit mechanism is prevented from continuously drilling after being blocked or reaching the subchondral bone, and the safety is improved;
2. thereby utilize swivel nut to adjust the stress between limiting plate and the tight seat in top through the cooperation screw rod to adjust different stress intensity and state, improve security and practicality.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an orthopaedic drill bit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the drill rod of the drill bit for orthopedics department;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a sleeve of an orthopaedic drill bit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a passive bevel gear structure of an orthopaedic drill bit according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a worm gear structure of the orthopedic drill bit of the invention.
The reference numerals are explained below:
1. a drill bit mechanism; 2. a drill stem; 3. a hold-down mechanism; 4. an adjustment mechanism; 5. a power mechanism; 11. a top end drill bit; 12. a head body; 13. a chip groove; 31. a connecting rod; 32. a limiting plate; 33. a jacking seat; 34. tightly pushing the ball; 35. a mating groove; 41. a telescopic rod; 42. a spring; 43. a platen; 44. matching with a screw rod; 411. an inner rod; 412. a sleeve; 413. a locking block; 414. a locking groove; 415. a receiving groove; 51. a driven bevel gear; 52. a drive bevel gear; 53. rotating the nut; 511. a worm gear; 512. a worm.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
example 1
As shown in fig. 1-4, an orthopedic drill comprises a drill mechanism 1 for feeding, a drill rod 2 for mounting, and a pressing mechanism 3 for providing a pre-tightening force, wherein the drill rod 2 is arranged at the rear end of the drill mechanism 1, the pressing mechanism 3 is arranged in the drill rod 2, an adjusting mechanism 4 is connected to the pressing mechanism 3, and a power mechanism 5 is arranged at the power end of the adjusting mechanism 4;
the drill bit mechanism 1 comprises a top end drill bit 11, a head body 12 and a chip groove 13, wherein the top end drill bit 11 is formed at the front end of the head body 12, and the chip groove 13 is formed on the head body 12;
the pressing mechanism 3 comprises a connecting rod 31, a limiting plate 32, a jacking seat 33 and a jacking ball 34, the connecting rod 31 is connected to the rear end of the head body 12, the limiting plate 32 is arranged at the rear end of the connecting rod 31, the jacking seat 33 is arranged at the rear side of the limiting plate 32, the jacking ball 34 is arranged on one side, opposite to the limiting plate 32, of the jacking seat 33, and a matching groove 35 is formed between the jacking ball 34 and the limiting plate 32;
adjustment mechanism 4 includes telescopic link 41, spring 42, pressure disk 43, cooperation screw 44, telescopic link 41 sets up on the tight seat 33 of top, and pass the tight seat 33 of top and connect limiting plate 32, telescopic link 41 includes interior pole 411, sleeve 412, latch segment 413, locking groove 414, interior pole 411 outside connecting sleeve 412, interior pole 411 is provided with latch segment 413 for the sleeve 412 inboard, the inboard shaping of interior pole 411 has accomodate groove 415, it has locking groove 414 to accomodate the inboard shaping of groove 415, the telescopic link 41 outside is provided with spring 42, pressure disk 43 is connected to spring 42 one end, pressure disk 43 rear end is provided with cooperation screw 44, cooperation screw 44 power end connection power unit 5.
Preferably: the power mechanism 5 comprises a driven bevel gear 51, a driving bevel gear 52 and a rotating nut 53, wherein the driven bevel gear 51 is connected with the matching screw 44, one end of the driven bevel gear 51 is meshed with the driving bevel gear 52, one end of the driving bevel gear 52 is connected with the rotating nut 53, and when the pretightening force between the jacking ball 34 and the jacking seat 33 needs to be adjusted, the rotating nut 53 is rotated to enable the driving bevel gear 52 to drive the driven bevel gear 51 to rotate, so that the matching screw 44 is matched with the pressure plate 43 to extend, and the jacking ball 34 obtains enough pretightening force; the connecting rod 31 is connected with the connecting body 12 through welding, the limiting plate 32 is connected with the connecting rod 31 through welding, the limiting plate 32 is connected with the sleeve 412 through welding, and the connecting rod 31 and the limiting plate 32 play roles in connection and limiting; the inner rod 411 is rotatably connected with the sleeve 412, the locking block 413 is formed in the inner rod 411, when the locking block 413 in the inner rod 411 is clamped into the locking groove 414, the whole body cannot rotate, and the drill bit mechanism 1 is rigidly connected with the drill rod 2; the mating screw 44 is connected with the pressure plate 43 through threads, and the mating screw 44 is matched with the pressure plate 43 to perform a telescopic action.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 in that:
as shown in fig. 5, the power mechanism 5 includes a worm wheel 511, a worm 512, and a rotary nut 53, the worm wheel 511 is connected to the matching screw 44, the worm wheel 511 is engaged with the worm 512, one end of the worm 512 is connected to the rotary nut 53, when the preload between the tightening ball 34 and the tightening seat 33 needs to be adjusted, the rotary nut 53 is rotated to make the worm 512 drive the worm wheel 511 to rotate, so that the matching screw 44 is extended in matching with the pressure plate 43, and the tightening ball 34 obtains a sufficient preload.
The working principle is as follows: the drill rod 2 is arranged on an electric drill, stress is adjusted according to the hardness of bone parts needing to be treated and drilled bone, so that the situation that the drill rod continues to drill when being clamped or reaching subchondral bone is avoided, when the pretightening force between the jacking ball 34 and the jacking seat 33 needs to be adjusted, the rotating nut 53 is rotated to enable the driving bevel gear 52 to drive the driven bevel gear 51 to rotate or the worm 512 to drive the worm wheel 511 to rotate, so that the matching screw rod 44 is matched with the pressing disc 43 to extend, the jacking ball 34 obtains enough pretightening force, the jacking ball 34 is matched with the matching groove 35 to enable a certain clamping position to be formed between the limiting plate 32 and the jacking seat 33, when the electric drill rod 2 is driven by the electric drill to integrally rotate, the jacking ball 34 is separated from the matching groove 35 after the clamping position occurs or reaches the subchondral bone, so that the drill rod 2 can idle, when the drill bit mechanism 1 needs to be fixed, the, a rigid connection can be formed.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides an orthopedics drill bit which characterized in that: the device comprises a drill bit mechanism (1) for feeding, a drill rod (2) for mounting and a pressing mechanism (3) for providing pretightening force, wherein the drill rod (2) is arranged at the rear end of the drill bit mechanism (1), the pressing mechanism (3) is arranged in the drill rod (2), an adjusting mechanism (4) is connected onto the pressing mechanism (3), and a power mechanism (5) is arranged at the power end of the adjusting mechanism (4);
the drill bit mechanism (1) comprises a top end drill bit (11), a head body (12) and a chip groove (13), the top end drill bit (11) is formed at the front end of the head body (12), and the chip groove (13) is formed on the head body (12);
the pressing mechanism (3) comprises a connecting rod (31), a limiting plate (32), a jacking seat (33) and a jacking ball (34), the connecting rod (31) is connected to the rear end of the head body (12), the limiting plate (32) is arranged at the rear end of the connecting rod (31), the jacking seat (33) is arranged on the rear side of the limiting plate (32), the jacking ball (34) is arranged on one side, opposite to the limiting plate (32), of the jacking seat (33), and a matching groove (35) is formed between the jacking ball (34) and the limiting plate (32);
the adjusting mechanism (4) comprises an expansion link (41), a spring (42), a pressure plate (43) and a matching screw rod (44), the expansion link (41) is arranged on the jacking seat (33) and penetrates through the jacking seat (33) to be connected with the limiting plate (32), the expansion link (41) comprises an inner rod (411), a sleeve (412), a locking block (413) and a locking groove (414), the outer side of the inner rod (411) is connected with the sleeve (412), the inner rod (411) is arranged opposite to the inner side of the sleeve (412) and is provided with the locking block (413), the inner side of the inner rod (411) is formed with a containing groove (415), the inner side of the containing groove (415) is formed with the locking groove (414), the outer side of the expansion link (41) is provided with the spring (42), one end of the spring (42) is connected with the pressure plate (43), the rear end of the pressure plate (43) is provided, the power end of the matching screw rod (44) is connected with the power mechanism (5).
2. The drill bit for orthopedics department of claim 1, characterized in that: the power mechanism (5) comprises a driven bevel gear (51), a driving bevel gear (52) and a rotating nut (53), the driven bevel gear (51) is connected with the matching screw rod (44), one end of the driven bevel gear (51) is meshed with the driving bevel gear (52), and one end of the driving bevel gear (52) is connected with the rotating nut (53).
3. The drill bit for orthopedics department of claim 1, characterized in that: the power mechanism (5) comprises a worm wheel (511), a worm (512) and a rotating nut (53), the worm wheel (511) is connected with the matching screw rod (44), the worm wheel (511) is meshed with the worm (512), and one end of the worm (512) is connected with the rotating nut (53).
4. The drill bit for orthopedics department of claim 1, characterized in that: the connecting rod (31) is connected with the head body (12) through welding, the limiting plate (32) is connected with the connecting rod (31) through welding, and the limiting plate (32) is connected with the sleeve (412) through welding.
5. The drill bit for orthopedics department of claim 1, characterized in that: the inner rod (411) is connected with the sleeve (412) in a rotating mode, and the locking block (413) is formed in the inner rod (411).
6. The drill bit for orthopedics department of claim 1, characterized in that: the matching screw rod (44) is connected with the pressure plate (43) through threads.
CN202011606514.3A 2020-12-28 2020-12-28 Drill bit for orthopedics department Active CN112754590B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011606514.3A CN112754590B (en) 2020-12-28 2020-12-28 Drill bit for orthopedics department

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011606514.3A CN112754590B (en) 2020-12-28 2020-12-28 Drill bit for orthopedics department

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CN112754590A true CN112754590A (en) 2021-05-07
CN112754590B CN112754590B (en) 2024-06-25

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010066221A1 (en) * 2008-12-10 2010-06-17 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Drilling method, drilling machine intended for surgical purposes having an attachment, and attachment for a drilling machine intended for surgical purposes
WO2018036567A1 (en) * 2017-01-20 2018-03-01 中国石油大学(华东) Self-adaptive differential pressure-type drill bit
CN208808638U (en) * 2017-10-25 2019-05-03 重庆铜梁玉媛医院有限公司 Orthopaedics special-purpose taking nail bit head
KR20190073697A (en) * 2017-12-19 2019-06-27 학교법인 김천대학교 Drilling guide mechanism of freely locking fixation system for orthopedic implants
CN209360805U (en) * 2018-09-26 2019-09-10 广州噢斯荣医药技术有限公司 A kind of subchondral bone drug delivery device
CN110977511A (en) * 2019-12-12 2020-04-10 广州泽威金属机械有限公司 Drill bit tightening device of drilling machine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010066221A1 (en) * 2008-12-10 2010-06-17 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Drilling method, drilling machine intended for surgical purposes having an attachment, and attachment for a drilling machine intended for surgical purposes
WO2018036567A1 (en) * 2017-01-20 2018-03-01 中国石油大学(华东) Self-adaptive differential pressure-type drill bit
CN208808638U (en) * 2017-10-25 2019-05-03 重庆铜梁玉媛医院有限公司 Orthopaedics special-purpose taking nail bit head
KR20190073697A (en) * 2017-12-19 2019-06-27 학교법인 김천대학교 Drilling guide mechanism of freely locking fixation system for orthopedic implants
CN209360805U (en) * 2018-09-26 2019-09-10 广州噢斯荣医药技术有限公司 A kind of subchondral bone drug delivery device
CN110977511A (en) * 2019-12-12 2020-04-10 广州泽威金属机械有限公司 Drill bit tightening device of drilling machine

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