CN112721744B - Fuel cell vehicle energy control method and system based on environment temperature self-adaption - Google Patents
Fuel cell vehicle energy control method and system based on environment temperature self-adaption Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/40—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell vehicle energy control method based on environmental temperature self-adaptation, wherein a whole vehicle controller is provided with a low-temperature energy control strategy, a normal energy control strategy and a high-temperature energy control strategy, and the energy control method comprises the following steps: acquiring an ambient temperature; comparing the acquired ambient temperature with a preset first threshold and a preset second threshold, wherein the second threshold is larger than the first threshold; if the ambient temperature is less than a first threshold value, controlling the whole vehicle to enter a low-temperature mode, and executing a low-temperature energy control strategy; if the ambient temperature is greater than a second threshold value, controlling the whole vehicle to enter a high-temperature mode, and executing a high-temperature energy control strategy; otherwise, the whole vehicle enters a normal mode and executes a normal energy control strategy. Different energy control strategies can be adaptively switched according to the environmental temperature, the power performance and the economy of the whole vehicle and the service lives of a battery and a fuel cell can be considered, and therefore the use cost of the whole vehicle life cycle is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy control of fuel cell vehicles, and particularly relates to a fuel cell vehicle energy control method and system based on environmental temperature self-adaptation.
Background
In the field of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, because fuel cells have the problems of soft output characteristics, slow output response and the like, power cells are generally required to be carried to meet the requirements of the power performance of the whole vehicle and provide energy for starting an auxiliary system of the fuel cells.
On the whole vehicle energy control strategy, most of the current hydrogen fuel cell vehicles adopt a switch mode control strategy, and part of the vehicles adopt power following or fuzzy control strategies and the like. No matter which control strategy is adopted, the whole vehicle power performance, the economy and the service lives of a battery and a fuel cell cannot be considered by only adopting one strategy all the year round, particularly in cold regions in winter, the limitation of long charging current of a lithium battery and long cold starting time of the fuel cell is imposed, the energy of the power cell is mainly consumed by the low-temperature starting and warming-up of the whole vehicle, the SOC of the power cell can be continuously reduced within a period of time, and the anxiety of mileage of a user is easily caused. The manual adjustment of the control strategy according to the change of seasons and air temperatures undoubtedly increases the labor cost along with the popularization and the promotion of the hydrogen fuel commercial vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an energy control method and system for a fuel cell vehicle based on environmental temperature adaptation, which can adaptively switch different energy control strategies according to the environmental temperature, and can give consideration to the power performance and the economy of the entire vehicle and the life of a battery and a fuel cell, thereby reducing the use cost of the entire life cycle of the entire vehicle.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a fuel cell vehicle energy control method based on environmental temperature self-adaptation is provided, a vehicle control unit is provided with a low-temperature energy control strategy, a normal energy control strategy and a high-temperature energy control strategy, and the energy control method comprises the following steps:
s01: obtaining the ambient temperature;
s02: comparing the acquired ambient temperature with a preset first threshold and a preset second threshold, wherein the second threshold is larger than the first threshold;
s03: if the ambient temperature is less than a first threshold value, controlling the whole vehicle to enter a low-temperature mode, and executing a low-temperature energy control strategy; if the ambient temperature is greater than a second threshold value, controlling the whole vehicle to enter a high-temperature mode, and executing a high-temperature energy control strategy; otherwise, the whole vehicle enters a normal mode and executes a normal energy control strategy.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S03, if the vehicle executes the low-temperature energy control strategy, the low-temperature hysteresis temperature difference is calculatedIf the ambient temperature isThe normal energy control strategy is switched to be executed until Tenv<TdownExecuting the low temperature energy control strategy by switching again, wherein TdownIs a first threshold.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S03, if the vehicle executes the normal energy control strategy, the high-temperature hysteresis temperature difference is calculatedIf the ambient temperature Tenv<TdownThen the low temperature energy control strategy is switched to be executed untilWhen the energy is switched to the normal energy control strategy; if the ambient temperature Tenv>TupThen the high temperature energy control strategy is switched to be executed untilWhen it is time to switch to the normal energy control strategy, where TupIs the second threshold.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S03, if the vehicle executes the high-temperature energy control strategy, if the vehicle is at an ambient temperatureThe normal energy control strategy is switched to be executed until Tenv>TupAnd when the energy is switched to the high-temperature energy control strategy.
In a preferred technical solution, the low-temperature energy control strategy includes a warm-up strategy, and the warm-up strategy includes the following steps:
s11: obtaining the maximum allowable continuous charging power P of the fuel cell systemchgmaxMinimum output power P of fuel cell systemfcsminReal-time loadable power P of fuel cell systemfcsopRated power P of fuel cell systemeBattery real time SOCRTThe maximum SOC of the set first-time allowed stack startup;
S12: when P is presentchgmax>Pfcsmin&&SOCRT<SOCupThe vehicle controller sends a starting signal to the fuel cell system controller and simultaneously sends a target power Po=min(Pe,Pchgmax,Pfcsop) (ii) a Otherwise, the pure electric mode is maintained.
S13: when the SOC isRT≥SOCupThe vehicle controller sends target power P to the fuel cell system controllero=PsetWherein P issetEnding the warm-up mode for the real-time target power set in the low-temperature operation strategy; otherwise, the vehicle controller continuously transmits the target power P to the fuel cell system controllero=min(Pe,Pchgmax,Pfcsop)。
The invention also discloses a fuel cell vehicle energy control system based on the environmental temperature self-adaptation, a low-temperature energy control strategy, a normal energy control strategy and a high-temperature energy control strategy are arranged in the vehicle controller, and the control system comprises:
an acquisition module for acquiring an ambient temperature;
the comparison module is used for comparing the acquired ambient temperature with a preset first threshold and a preset second threshold, wherein the second threshold is larger than the first threshold;
the self-adaptive switching module is used for controlling the whole vehicle to enter a low-temperature mode and executing a low-temperature energy control strategy if the ambient temperature is less than a first threshold value; if the ambient temperature is greater than a second threshold value, controlling the whole vehicle to enter a high-temperature mode, and executing a high-temperature energy control strategy; otherwise, the whole vehicle enters a normal mode and executes a normal energy control strategy.
In a preferred technical solution, in the adaptive switching module, if the vehicle executes low-temperature energyIn the control strategy process, the low-temperature hysteresis temperature difference is calculatedIf the ambient temperature isThe normal energy control strategy is switched to be executed until Tenv<TdownExecuting the low temperature energy control strategy by switching again, wherein TdownIs a first threshold.
In an optimal technical scheme, in the self-adaptive switching module, if a vehicle executes a normal energy control strategy process, a high-temperature hysteresis temperature difference is calculatedIf the ambient temperature Tenv<TdownThen the low temperature energy control strategy is switched to be executed untilWhen the energy is switched to the normal energy control strategy; if the ambient temperature Tenv>TupSwitching to execute the high-temperature energy control strategy untilWhen it is time to switch to the normal energy control strategy, where TupIs the second threshold.
In a preferred technical solution, in the adaptive switching module, if the vehicle executes the high temperature energy control strategy, if the vehicle has an ambient temperatureThe normal energy control strategy is switched to be executed until Tenv>TupAnd when the energy is switched to the high-temperature energy control strategy.
In a preferred technical solution, the low-temperature energy control strategy includes a warm-up strategy, and the warm-up strategy includes the following steps:
s11: obtaining maximum allowable continuous charge of fuel cell systemElectric power PchgmaxMinimum output power P of fuel cell systemfcsminReal-time loadable power P of fuel cell systemfcsopRated power P of fuel cell systemeBattery real time SOCRTThe maximum SOC of the set first-time allowed stack startup;
S12: when P is presentchgmax>Pfcsmin&&SOCRT<SOCupThe vehicle controller sends a starting signal to the fuel cell system controller and simultaneously sends a target power Po=min(Pe,Pchgmax,Pfcsop) (ii) a Otherwise, the pure electric mode is maintained.
S13: when the SOC isRT≥SOCupThe vehicle controller sends target power P to the fuel cell system controllero=PsetWherein, PsetEnding the warm-up mode for the real-time target power set in the low-temperature operation strategy; otherwise, the vehicle controller continuously transmits the target power P to the fuel cell system controllero=min(Pe,Pchgmax,Pfcsop)。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. different energy control strategies can be adaptively switched according to the environmental temperature, and the whole vehicle can be ensured to have the power performance and the economical efficiency of the whole vehicle and the service life of a battery and a fuel cell in the operation all the year round, so that the use cost of the whole vehicle in the whole life cycle is reduced. The situation that the SOC of the power battery is continuously reduced within a period of time is avoided, so that the manual operation cost is saved, and the trouble to users is avoided.
2. The low-temperature warm-up strategy can solve the problem that the SOC of the power battery is continuously reduced during low-temperature starting, and greatly improves user experience.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an ambient temperature adaptive-based fuel cell vehicle energy control method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a warm-up strategy of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of the fuel cell vehicle energy control system based on the environmental temperature adaptation of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
Examples
The fuel cell vehicle energy control method based on the environmental temperature self-adaption can automatically adjust the fuel cell vehicle energy control strategy according to seasons and air temperatures, so that the whole vehicle can give consideration to the whole vehicle power performance, the whole vehicle economy and the service lives of a battery and a fuel cell in the operation all the year round, the situation that the SOC of the power cell is continuously reduced within a period of time is avoided, the manual operation cost is saved, and the trouble to users cannot be caused. A low-temperature energy control strategy, a normal energy control strategy and a high-temperature energy control strategy are arranged in a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU), and the specific low-temperature energy control strategy, the normal energy control strategy and the high-temperature energy control strategy can adopt the existing control strategies, which is not limited herein.
The energy control method comprises the following steps:
s01: acquiring an ambient temperature;
s02: comparing the acquired ambient temperature with a preset first threshold and a preset second threshold, wherein the second threshold is larger than the first threshold;
s03: if the ambient temperature is less than a first threshold value, controlling the whole vehicle to enter a low-temperature mode, and executing a low-temperature energy control strategy; if the ambient temperature is greater than a second threshold value, controlling the whole vehicle to enter a high-temperature mode, and executing a high-temperature energy control strategy; otherwise, the whole vehicle enters a normal mode and executes a normal energy control strategy.
As shown in fig. 1, the specific VCU execution logic is as follows:
(1) starting the fuel cell system, executing 1, VCU reading the environmental temperature T fed back by the temperature sensorenvFirst, the temperature is adjusted to a set lower limit TdownAnd an upper temperature limit TupBy comparison, if Tenv<TdownExecuting 11, and entering a low-temperature strategy; if Tdown≤Tenv≤TupExecuting 21, and entering a normal strategy; if Tenv>TupAnd executing 31, and entering a high-temperature strategy.
(2) And entering a low-temperature energy control strategy and executing 111. During operation of the vehicle, if the ambient temperature risesThen execution 21 switches to normal policy until Tenv<TdowWhen so, executing 11, and switching to the low-temperature strategy again; if alwaysThe low temperature strategy is maintained, executing 11 all the time. WhereinIs a low-temperature hysteresis temperature difference,can be obtained by empirical calculation, is preset in the controller and can be adjusted.
(3) A normal energy control strategy is entered and executed 211. During vehicle operation, T occurs if the ambient temperature decreasesenv<TdownThen 11 is executed, switching to the low temperature strategy, untilIf so, executing 21, and switching to the normal strategy again; 212, if the ambient temperature increases, T occursenv>TupThen a switch to the high temperature strategy is performed 31 untilAt the time, the process is executed 21,switching to the normal strategy again; if always Tdown≤Tenv≤TupThen 21 is always executed to maintain the normal policy. WhereinIn order to obtain a high temperature hysteresis temperature difference,the adjustment can be carried out by obtaining through empirical calculation and presetting the adjustment in the controller.
(4) And entering a high-temperature energy control strategy and executing 311. During vehicle operation, if the ambient temperature decreasesThen 21 is executed and the normal policy is switched to be executed until Tenv>TupIf so, executing 31, and switching to the high-temperature strategy again; if alwaysThe high temperature strategy is maintained, executing 31 all the time.
In a preferred embodiment, the low-temperature energy control strategy of the present invention further includes a warm-up strategy, and as shown in fig. 2, the low-temperature warm-up strategy specifically includes the following steps:
(1) starting the vehicle, executing 1, when Tenv<TdownAnd 1111, entering a low-temperature pure electric mode and starting warming up, and 2, entering a normal or high-temperature mode.
(2) Performing 1121 when Pchgmax>Pfcsmin&&SOCRT<SOC up1131 is executed, the VCU sends an activation signal to the FCU and simultaneously sends the target power Po=min(Pe,Pchgmax,Pfcsop) Otherwise 1121 is performed. Wherein P ischgmaxMaximum charging power, P, allowed for the batteryfcsminIs the minimum output power, P, of the fuel cell systemeRated power, P, for a fuel cell systemfcsopReal-time loadable power, SOC, for a fuel cell systemRTIs electricityPool real time SOC, SOCupThe above parameters may be obtained by the battery management system for a set maximum SOC for the first time that a stack start is allowed.
(3) Proceed to 1141 when SOC is upRT≥SOCupExecution 1151, VCU sends target power P to FCUo=PsetThe warm-up mode is ended, otherwise execution continues at 1131. Wherein P issetThe real-time target power set in the low-temperature operation strategy.
Therefore, the VCU is sent to the FCU according to the maximum allowable power as the target power within a period of time after the fuel cell is started, so that the SOC of the power cell which is continuously reduced is rapidly increased, and a user can drive the fuel cell with ease after the warming-up is finished.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, an environment temperature adaptive fuel cell vehicle energy control system is provided, where a vehicle controller is provided with a low-temperature energy control strategy, a normal energy control strategy, and a high-temperature energy control strategy, and the control system includes:
an acquisition module for acquiring an ambient temperature;
the comparison module is used for comparing the acquired ambient temperature with a preset first threshold and a preset second threshold, wherein the second threshold is larger than the first threshold;
the self-adaptive switching module is used for controlling the whole vehicle to enter a low-temperature mode and executing a low-temperature energy control strategy if the ambient temperature is less than a first threshold value; if the ambient temperature is greater than a second threshold value, controlling the whole vehicle to enter a high-temperature mode, and executing a high-temperature energy control strategy; otherwise, the whole vehicle enters a normal mode and executes a normal energy control strategy.
The specific control strategy is the same as the method of the above embodiment, and is not described herein again.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.
Claims (6)
1. A fuel cell vehicle energy control method based on environmental temperature self-adaptation is characterized in that a whole vehicle controller is provided with a low-temperature energy control strategy, a normal energy control strategy and a high-temperature energy control strategy, and the energy control method comprises the following steps:
s01: acquiring an ambient temperature;
s02: comparing the acquired ambient temperature with a preset first threshold and a preset second threshold, wherein the second threshold is larger than the first threshold;
s03: if the ambient temperature is less than a first threshold value, controlling the whole vehicle to enter a low-temperature mode, and executing a low-temperature energy control strategy; if the environmental temperature is greater than a second threshold value, controlling the whole vehicle to enter a high-temperature mode, and executing a high-temperature energy control strategy; otherwise, the whole vehicle enters a normal mode and executes a normal energy control strategy;
in the step S03, if the vehicle executes the low temperature energy control strategy, the low temperature hysteresis temperature difference is calculatedIf the ambient temperature isThe normal energy control strategy is switched to be executed until Tenv<TdownExecuting the low temperature energy control strategy by switching again, wherein TdownIs a first threshold value;
in the step S03, if the vehicle executes the normal energy control strategy, the high temperature hysteresis temperature difference is calculatedIf the ambient temperature Tenv<TdownSwitching to execute the low-temperature energy control strategy untilWhen the energy is switched to the normal energy control strategy; if the ambient temperature Tenv>TupSwitching to execute the high-temperature energy control strategy untilWhen it is time to switch to the normal energy control strategy, where TupIs the second threshold.
2. The adaptive fuel cell vehicle energy control method according to claim 1, wherein in step S03, if the vehicle is performing the high temperature energy control strategy, if the ambient temperature is higher than the predetermined temperature, the vehicle energy control method is executed according to the adaptive fuel cell vehicle energy control methodThe normal energy control strategy is switched to be executed until Tenv>TupAnd when the energy is required to be controlled, switching to a high-temperature energy control strategy.
3. The ambient temperature adaptive-based fuel cell vehicle energy control method of claim 1, wherein the low temperature energy control strategy comprises a warm-up strategy comprising the steps of:
s11: obtaining maximum allowable continuous charging power P of fuel cell systemchgmaxMinimum output power P of fuel cell systemfcsminReal-time loadable power P of fuel cell systemfcsopRated power P of fuel cell systemeBattery real time SOCRTSetting the maximum SOC for the first time allowed to start the stackup;
S12: when P is presentchgmax>Pfcsmin&&SOCRT<SOCupThe vehicle controller sends a starting signal to the fuel cell system controller and simultaneously sends a target power Po=min(Pe,Pchgmax,Pfcsop) (ii) a Otherwise, maintaining the pure electric mode;
s13: when SOC is reachedRT≥SOCupThe vehicle controller sends the fuel cell system controllerTarget power Po=PsetWherein P issetEnding the warm-up mode for the real-time target power set in the low-temperature operation strategy; otherwise, the vehicle controller continuously transmits the target power P to the fuel cell system controllero=min(Pe,Pchgmax,Pfcsop)。
4. The utility model provides a fuel cell car energy control system based on ambient temperature self-adaptation which characterized in that is provided with low temperature energy control strategy, normal energy control strategy and high temperature energy control strategy in the vehicle control unit, and control system includes:
an acquisition module for acquiring an ambient temperature;
the comparison module is used for comparing the acquired ambient temperature with a preset first threshold and a preset second threshold, wherein the second threshold is larger than the first threshold;
the self-adaptive switching module is used for controlling the whole vehicle to enter a low-temperature mode and executing a low-temperature energy control strategy if the ambient temperature is less than a first threshold value; if the ambient temperature is greater than a second threshold value, controlling the whole vehicle to enter a high-temperature mode, and executing a high-temperature energy control strategy; otherwise, the whole vehicle enters a normal mode and executes a normal energy control strategy;
in the self-adaptive switching module, if the vehicle executes the low-temperature energy control strategy process, the low-temperature hysteresis temperature difference is calculatedIf the ambient temperature isThe normal energy control strategy is switched to be executed until Tenv<TdownExecuting the low temperature energy control strategy by switching again, wherein TdownIs a first threshold value;
in the self-adaptive switching module, if the vehicle executes a normal energy control strategy process, calculating a high-temperature hysteresis temperature differenceIf the ambient temperature Tenv<TdownThen the low temperature energy control strategy is switched to be executed untilWhen the energy is switched to the normal energy control strategy; if the ambient temperature Tenv>TupThen the high temperature energy control strategy is switched to be executed untilWhen it is time to switch to the normal energy control strategy, where TupIs the second threshold.
5. The adaptive ambient temperature-based fuel cell vehicle energy control system of claim 4, wherein the adaptive switching module is configured to switch the adaptive switching module to the adaptive switching module if the ambient temperature is detected during the vehicle executing the high temperature energy control strategyThe normal energy control strategy is switched to be executed until Tenv>TupAnd when the energy is switched to the high-temperature energy control strategy.
6. The ambient temperature adaptive-based fuel cell vehicle energy control system of claim 4, wherein the low temperature energy control strategy comprises a warm-up strategy comprising the steps of:
s11: obtaining maximum allowable continuous charging power P of fuel cell systemchgmaxMinimum output power P of fuel cell systemfcsminReal-time loadable power P of fuel cell systemfcsopRated power P of fuel cell systemeBattery real time SOCRTSetting the maximum SOC for the first time allowed to start the stackup;
S12: when P is presentchgmax>Pfcsmin&&SOCRT<SOCupThe vehicle controller sends start to the fuel cell system controllerTransmitting target power P simultaneously with moving signalo=min(Pe,Pchgmax,Pfcsop) (ii) a Otherwise, maintaining the pure electric mode;
s13: when SOC is reachedRT≥SOCupThe vehicle controller sends target power P to the fuel cell system controllero=PsetWherein, PsetEnding the warm-up mode for the real-time target power set in the low-temperature operation strategy; otherwise, the vehicle controller continuously transmits the target power P to the fuel cell system controllero=min(Pe,Pchgmax,Pfcsop)。
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