CN112694319A - 高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料 - Google Patents
高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000011799 hole material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 235000001465 calcium Nutrition 0.000 description 27
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 9
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
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- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- BCAARMUWIRURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicalcium;oxocalcium;silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca]=O.[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BCAARMUWIRURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019976 tricalcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910021534 tricalcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001341 Crude steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940077441 fluorapatite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052587 fluorapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052851 sillimanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料，由以下质量百分比的原料制备而成：钢渣70‑85％，陶瓷膜料15‑30％，上述原料总含量为100％；其中，所述钢渣颗粒粒径为380‑830μm；陶瓷膜料由以下质量百分比的原料组成：膨润土15％‑25％、高岭土25％‑40％、玻璃粉20％‑35％以及长石15‑25％。解决了现有技术利用钢渣制备的高孔隙通孔材料产品强度低的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于钢渣固废处理技术领域，具体涉及高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料。
背景技术
钢渣是冶金工业生产过程中产生的废渣，其产生率为粗钢产量的8％～15％，随着钢铁工业的快速发展而迅速递增，全国钢渣累积堆存约10亿t，钢铁企业废渣的处理和资源化利用问题也越来越受到重视。钢渣主要由钙、铁、硅、镁，以及少量铝、锰、磷等的氧化物组成。主要的矿物相为硅酸三钙、硅酸二钙、钙镁橄榄石、钙镁蔷薇辉石、铁铝酸钙，以及硅、镁、铁、锰、磷的氧化物形成的固熔体，还含有少量游离氧化钙以及金属铁、氟磷灰石等。目前在钢渣利用方面主要有：钢渣中重金属的提取；作为水泥组分应用于水泥生产；铺路材料。
钢渣的晶相主要是硅酸二钙、硅酸三钙以及游离钙和游离镁，在制备高孔隙通孔材料时，采用的是颗粒堆积法制备，含游离钙、游离镁等成分的颗粒，在产品烧成时如果没有同其他组分完全反应，形成新的固熔体晶相，后期将导致以钢渣为原料的颗粒高温烧成后以氧化钙、氧化镁的形式存在，易吸湿形成氢氧化钙、氢氧化镁，这两种物质膨胀系数大，将产生内应力，导致结合层强度降低而产生裂纹，从而使产品强度降低。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料，以解决现有技术利用钢渣制备的高孔隙通孔材料产品强度低的问题。
本发明采用的技术方案是：高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料，由以下质量百分比的原料制备而成：
钢渣70-85％，
陶瓷膜料15-30％，
上述原料总含量为100％；
其中，所述钢渣颗粒粒径为380-830μm；
陶瓷膜料由以下质量百分比的原料组成：膨润土15％-25％、高岭土25％-40％、玻璃粉20％-35％以及长石15-25％。
进一步的，陶瓷膜料的原料均为粉料，粉料的颗粒粒径为58μm筛余＜1％。
本发明还提供了一种技术方案，高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤1、将钢渣粉碎后，筛分出颗粒粒径为380-830μm的钢渣备用；按配比称取陶瓷膜料的原料，并将其混合均匀制得陶瓷膜料；
步骤2、将步骤1筛分出的钢渣颗粒倒入立式搅拌机，加水搅拌均匀；
步骤3、向立式搅拌机中加入所述陶瓷膜料进行强力搅拌，搅拌速度40-60r/min，搅拌时间20-30min，使陶瓷膜料均匀包裹至钢渣颗粒外表面并形成厚度为0.2～0.5mm的陶瓷膜；
步骤4、将经步骤3处理后的包裹有陶瓷膜的钢渣放入料仓陈腐大于12小时后，再放入压机中压制成型为坯体，最后烧制成为高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料。
进一步的，步骤4中，将坯体放入辊道窑烧制，其成熟温度1150-1200℃、烧成周期4.5～6h。
本发明的有益效果是，通过高掺量钢渣陶瓷磨料固钙法制备高孔隙率通孔材料，产品生产配方中钢渣的加入量大，最高可达到85％；通过晶相重构，达到了固钙固镁的目的，产品的强度高、抗冻性能好。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的EDS分层图像图；
图2为本发明实施例1的电子图像图；
图3为本发明实施例1的XRD衍射图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。
本发明提供了一种高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料，由以下质量百分比的原料制备而成：
钢渣70-85％，
陶瓷膜料15-30％，
上述原料总含量为100％；
其中，钢渣颗粒粒径为380-830μm；钢渣成分的质量百分比可以为SiO215.19％、Al2O36.22％、Fe2O319.76％、CaO 40.66％、MgO 6.12％、K2O 0.32％Na2O0.27％。
陶瓷膜可以由以下质量百分比的原料组成：膨润土15％-25％、高岭土25％-40％、玻璃粉20％-35％以及长石15-25％。陶瓷膜料的原料均为粉料，粉料的颗粒粒径为58μm筛余＜1％。
本发明还提供了一种高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤1、将钢渣粉碎后，筛分出颗粒粒径为380-830μm的钢渣备用；按质量百分比为膨润土:15％-25％、高岭土25％-40％、玻璃粉20％-35％以及长石15-25％称取陶瓷膜料的原料，并将这些原料混合均匀得到陶瓷膜料；
步骤2、将步骤1筛分出的钢渣颗粒倒入立式搅拌机，加水搅拌均匀；其中该步骤中的加水量为高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料配方总量的4％-5％；
步骤3、向立式搅拌机中加入所述陶瓷膜料进行强力搅拌，搅拌速度40-60r/min，搅拌时间20-30min，使陶瓷膜料均匀包裹至钢渣颗粒外表面并形成厚度为0.2～0.5mm的陶瓷膜；
步骤4、将经步骤3处理后的钢渣放入料仓陈腐12小时后，再放入压机中压制成型为坯体，将坯体放入辊道窑在成熟温度1150-1200℃、烧成周期4.5～6h下烧制成为高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料。
实施例1：
步骤1、将钢渣粉碎后，筛分出颗粒粒径为380-590μm的钢渣备用；按配比膨润土15％、高岭土25％、玻璃粉35％以及长石25％称取陶瓷膜料的原料，并将这些原料混合均匀得到陶瓷膜料；
步骤2、将步骤1筛分出的钢渣颗粒倒入立式搅拌机，加水搅拌均匀；
步骤3、向立式搅拌机中加入陶瓷膜料进行强力搅拌，直至陶瓷膜料均匀包裹至钢渣颗粒外表面形成陶瓷膜；
其中，钢渣和陶瓷膜料的质量百分比为85％和15％；
步骤4、将经步骤3处理后的钢渣放入料仓陈腐12小时后，再放入压机中压制成型为坯体，将坯体放入辊道窑在成熟温度1180℃下烧制成为高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料。经过检测，该产品断面烧结性能良好，柱状及片状晶体交叠生长，产品抗折强度达到6MPa。
实施例2：
步骤1、将钢渣粉碎后，筛分出颗粒粒径为380-830μm的钢渣备用；按配比膨润土20％、高岭土28％、玻璃粉30％以及长石22％称取陶瓷膜料的原料，并将原料混合均匀；
步骤2、将步骤1筛分出的钢渣颗粒倒入立式搅拌机，加水搅拌均匀；
步骤3、向立式搅拌机中加入陶瓷膜料进行强力搅拌，直至陶瓷膜料均匀包裹至钢渣颗粒外表面形成陶瓷膜；
其中，钢渣和陶瓷膜料的质量百分比为70％和30％
步骤4、将经步骤3处理后的钢渣放入料仓陈腐12小时后，再放入压机中压制成型为坯体，将坯体放入辊道窑在成熟温度1150℃下烧制成为高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料。经过检测，该产品断面烧结性能良好，产品抗折强度达到7.5MPa，产品抗冻性能良好。
实施例3：
步骤1、将钢渣粉碎后，筛分出颗粒粒径为590-830μm的钢渣备用；按配比膨润土25％、高岭土40％、玻璃粉20％以及长石15％称取陶瓷膜料的原料，并将原料混合均匀；
步骤2、将步骤1筛分出的钢渣颗粒倒入立式搅拌机，加水搅拌均匀；
步骤3、向立式搅拌机中加入陶瓷膜料进行强力搅拌，直至陶瓷膜料均匀包裹至钢渣颗粒外表面形成陶瓷膜；
其中，钢渣和陶瓷膜料的质量百分比为77％和23％；
步骤4、将经步骤3处理后的钢渣放入料仓陈腐12小时后，再放入压机中压制成型为坯体，将坯体放入辊道窑在成熟温度1180℃下烧制成为高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料。经过检测，该产品生产初期品相好，抗折强度小于3MPa，放置一段时间后，颗粒泛碱、爆裂。
本发明的高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料及其制备方法，通过调整钢渣颗粒细度，在颗粒表面包裹一层陶瓷膜，陶瓷膜的化学组成应该能够同钢渣颗粒完全反应，使颗粒含有的氧化钙、氧化镁与陶瓷膜完全反应，形成新的固熔体晶相，成为新固熔体晶相的结构组成，新晶相以钙铁辉石主晶相，次相为高温钠长石和低温石英，且固熔体颗粒之间通过陶瓷膜粘结，达到钢渣固钙及形成高孔隙通孔材料的目的。如图1实施例1制得的样品的EDS分层图像图所示，该图显示了高孔隙通孔材料结合层的显微结构，说明实施例1制得的样品确实为具有高孔隙率通孔的材料。
图2为实施例1制得的样品的电子图像图，对其检测所得结果列入表1：
表1
从表1中看出，经检测，样品抗折强度平均值为6.0MP，远远高于指标4.5MPa；抗冻性单块质量损失率为0。样品抗折强度和抗冻性(D35)的检测结果均达到GB/T25993-2010《透水路面砖和透水路面板》的指标要求，本发明方法制得的产品的强度高，抗冻性能好。
图3为实施例1的样品的XRD衍射图，可以看出本发明的高孔隙率通孔材料的晶相主要是钙铁辉石、低温石英、高温钠长石和硅线石，达到了固钙固镁的效果，降低了游离钙、游离镁的存在。游离钙、游离镁吸水易膨胀，会产生内应力，导致结合层强度降低而产生裂纹，从而使产品强度降低；通过本发明的方法使得产品晶相转化后不仅提高产品强度，而且避免出现泛碱的现象。
本发明的高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料，产品生产钢渣的加入量大，最高可达到85％；通过晶相重构，达到了固钙固镁的目的；本发明制得的产品的强度高，抗冻性能好；利用现有生产工艺，实现了规模化生产，且生产自动化程度高。
Claims (4)
1.高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料，其特征在于，由以下质量百分比的原料制备而成：
钢渣70-85％，
陶瓷膜料15-30％，
上述原料总含量为100％；
其中，所述钢渣颗粒粒径为380-830μm；
所述陶瓷膜料由以下质量百分比的原料组成：膨润土15％-25％、高岭土25％-40％、玻璃粉20％-35％以及长石15-25％。
2.如权利要求1所述的高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料，其特征在于，所述陶瓷膜料的原料均为粉料，粉料的颗粒粒径为58μm筛余＜1％。
3.如权利要求2所述的高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
步骤1、将钢渣粉碎后，筛分出颗粒粒径为380-830μm的钢渣备用；按配比称取陶瓷膜料的原料，并将其混合均匀制得陶瓷膜料；
步骤2、将步骤1筛分出的钢渣颗粒倒入立式搅拌机，加水搅拌均匀；
步骤3、向立式搅拌机中加入所述陶瓷膜料进行强力搅拌，搅拌速度40-60r/min，搅拌时间20-30min，使陶瓷膜料均匀包裹至钢渣颗粒外表面并形成厚度为0.2～0.5mm的陶瓷膜；
步骤4、将经步骤3处理后的包裹有陶瓷膜的钢渣放入料仓陈腐大于12小时后，再放入压机中压制成型为坯体，最后烧制成为高掺量钢渣陶瓷膜料固钙法制备的高孔隙率通孔材料。
4.如权利要求2所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤4中，将坯体放入辊道窑烧制，其成熟温度1150-1200℃、烧成周期4.5～6h。
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