CN112642844A - Filler recovery device and recovery method for thermosetting plastic waste - Google Patents
Filler recovery device and recovery method for thermosetting plastic waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN112642844A CN112642844A CN202110081469.2A CN202110081469A CN112642844A CN 112642844 A CN112642844 A CN 112642844A CN 202110081469 A CN202110081469 A CN 202110081469A CN 112642844 A CN112642844 A CN 112642844A
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- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010816 packaging waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006336 epoxy molding compound Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012858 packaging process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a filler recovery device and a recovery method of thermosetting plastic waste, the recovery device mainly comprises a feeder, a feeder translation device, a rotary heating furnace, a spiral feeder, a cooling spray furnace, a dust filter, a tail gas purification furnace, a VOC detection device, a hydraulic lifting mechanism, a water cooling system, an air input system, a nitrogen input system, an electrical control system and the like, the invention adopts a long-time high-temperature aerobic combustion method to remove organic matters in the thermosetting plastic waste, realizes the recovery of the filler in the waste, can be reused for the production of the thermosetting plastic, and realizes the recycling of the waste, thereby reducing the production cost, reducing the environmental pollution and improving the economic benefit; in addition, the invention adopts the production processes of centralized feeding, high-temperature aerobic calcination, inclined discharging, continuous spray cooling and continuous discharging, has compact device structure and high production efficiency, and can realize continuous batch production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material recovery and treatment, and particularly relates to a filler recovery device and a filler recovery method for thermosetting plastic waste.
Background
The basic component of thermosetting plastics is a polymer with a three-dimensional structure, which cannot be melted again and softened and repeatedly molded when reheated after first molding, and thus it is often used as a material for heat insulation, wear resistance, insulation, high voltage resistance, and the like. In order to improve the heat insulation performance, high temperature resistance and the like, various fillers such as ceramic powder and the like are often added in the forming process.
The epoxy resin has the advantages of high insulating property, large structural strength, good sealing property and the like, and is widely applied to insulation and packaging of high-low voltage electric appliances, motors and electronic components. Particularly in the semiconductor integrated circuit industry, epoxy plastic packaging materials are the most common thermosetting packaging materials and are mainly prepared by mixing and processing epoxy resin, a hardening agent, a filler, an additive and the like. Wherein the filler has a high specific gravity of about 75-90%, and is usually silica or alumina.
Because of the huge consumption of semiconductor integrated circuits, a great deal of leftover materials are generated in the packaging process, the thermosetting plastic waste materials cannot be re-melted for reproduction, and the common treatment method is incineration or burying, which causes great waste and environmental pollution. In the epoxy plastic packaging material, fillers such as silicon dioxide and the like which account for the main proportion are expensive, filler powder in waste materials can be recycled for production through high-temperature heating, and the waste can be recycled, so that the production cost is reduced, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the economic benefit is remarkable.
Recycling filler powder requires high temperature heating of the thermoset plastic waste to remove the thermoset plastic components therefrom. Pyrolysis of thermosetting plastics (e.g. epoxy molding compounds) is a complex chemical process, the major cleavage product being H2O、CO、CO2、CH4、H2、C2H6And smoke, etc., the higher the heating temperature, the more sufficient the decomposition, and the more the decomposition products thereof, carbon dioxide, water, etc. Thermosetting plastics usually reach ignition point at 700 ℃, a carbonized layer is formed on the surface of the thermosetting plastics after encountering fire in an aerobic environment, and the flame retardant is added to prevent the flame from penetrating, so that the pyrolysis reaction is prevented and delayed. Therefore, the removal of the thermosetting plastic requires not only continuous stirring to break the carbonized layer but also long-time calcination in an aerobic environment to sufficiently remove the thermosetting plasticAnd (5) decomposing. When the thermosetting plastic is sufficiently burned, a large amount of heat is released, the temperature in the furnace is greatly increased, even exceeds the designed maximum temperature of the furnace, and the sintering temperature of the ceramic powder is exceeded, so that the ceramic powder required for production is sintered into blocks. Therefore, the combustion speed of the thermosetting plastic is controlled in the process of heating and decomposing in the furnace, and the temperature in the furnace is ensured to be within the highest control limit. Therefore, it is difficult to recover the filler powder by heating the thermosetting plastic waste at a high temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems pointed out in the background art, the invention provides a filler recovery device and a filler recovery method for thermosetting plastic waste, which are environment-friendly, energy-saving, high in automation degree and applicable to continuous mass production.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a filler recovery device for thermosetting plastic waste comprises an electrical control system, a rotary heating furnace for carrying out continuous high-temperature aerobic heating on the thermosetting plastic waste, a feeder for adding the thermosetting plastic waste into the rotary heating furnace, and a screw feeder for conveying filler obtained after decomposing the thermosetting plastic waste to a cooling spray furnace;
the bottom of one end of the rotary heating furnace is provided with a tilting fulcrum, the bottom of the other end of the rotary heating furnace is provided with a hydraulic lifting mechanism, and the hydraulic lifting mechanism can jack one end of the rotary heating furnace so as to convey the filler obtained after decomposition in the rotary heating furnace to the spiral feeder;
the filler recovery device further comprises a nitrogen input system consisting of a temperature sensor, a flow controller and an electromagnetic air valve I, wherein the temperature sensor is arranged inside the rotary heating furnace, the electromagnetic air valve I and the flow controller are connected to an air inlet of the rotary heating furnace after being connected in series through a hydraulic pipeline, and the temperature sensor is connected with the flow controller through a PID (proportion integration differentiation) controller.
Furthermore, the filler recovery device also comprises an air input system consisting of an oxygen content detector, a high-pressure centrifugal fan and an electromagnetic air valve II, wherein the oxygen content detector is arranged at an air outlet of the rotary heating furnace, the electromagnetic air valve II and the high-pressure centrifugal fan are also connected to the air inlet of the rotary heating furnace after being connected in series through a hydraulic pipeline, and the oxygen content detector is connected with the high-pressure centrifugal fan through a PID controller.
Further, the gas outlet of the rotary heating furnace is sequentially connected with a dust filter, a tail gas purification furnace and a VOC detection device through a hydraulic pipeline, and the oxygen content detector is connected on the hydraulic pipeline between the dust filter and the tail gas purification furnace.
Furthermore, the rotary heating furnace is arranged along the horizontal direction, and a plurality of horizontal fins arranged parallel to the axis of the rotary heating furnace are arranged on the inner wall of the rotary heating furnace at intervals along the circumferential direction.
Furthermore, a feeding machine translation mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the feeding machine and drives the feeding machine to move horizontally, so that the thermosetting plastic waste is added into the rotary heating furnace.
Furthermore, helical fins are arranged inside the cooling spraying furnace, and a water cooling system is arranged on the periphery of the cooling spraying furnace and provided with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet.
Further, the cooling spraying furnace is slightly arranged obliquely downwards, and a finished product outlet is formed in the lower end of the cooling spraying furnace.
A recycling method of a filler recycling device of thermosetting plastic waste comprises the following steps:
s1, centralized feeding, namely adding the thermosetting plastic waste into a rotary heating furnace through a feeder until the thermosetting plastic waste is added to a set amount, and then stopping feeding;
s2, high-temperature aerobic calcination, namely, carrying out high-temperature aerobic heating on the thermosetting plastic waste in the rotary heating furnace to decompose organic matters in the waste and only leave the filler;
s3, obliquely discharging, adjusting a hydraulic lifting mechanism to enable the rotary heating furnace to be inclined, slowly discharging decomposed filler, and continuously conveying the filler into a cooling spraying furnace through a spiral feeder;
s4, continuously spraying and cooling, wherein the filler entering the cooling spraying furnace slowly moves forwards along with the rotation of the cooling spraying furnace, and meanwhile, a water cooling system arranged on the periphery of the cooling spraying furnace cools the filler in the moving process;
s5, continuously discharging, wherein the filler is cooled and then moved to a finished product output port to be output along with the rotation of the cooling spray furnace;
and after the output of the filler in the rotary heating furnace is finished, the rotary heating furnace is leveled again, and the feeding and heating production of the next round of materials are carried out again.
Furthermore, the time of the high-temperature aerobic heating of the thermosetting plastic waste in the rotary heating furnace is 3-5 hours, and the temperature is controlled at 700-1000 ℃.
Furthermore, in the process of high-temperature aerobic heating of the thermosetting plastic waste in the rotary heating furnace, the oxygen content detector detects the oxygen content of the waste gas discharged from the air outlet of the rotary heating furnace in real time, and when the oxygen content is lower than a set value, the PID controller controls the flow of air in the rotary heating furnace by controlling the rotating speed of the high-pressure centrifugal fan, so that the degree of oxidation combustion reaction of the waste is controlled;
meanwhile, the temperature sensor detects the temperature in the rotary heating furnace in real time, when the temperature in the furnace exceeds a set value, a heating system of the rotary heating furnace is closed, if the temperature in the furnace continues to rise and exceeds the highest temperature, the electromagnetic gas valve II is opened, the PID controller controls the flow of nitrogen gas input into the rotary heating furnace in real time through controlling the flow controller according to the detection value of the temperature sensor in the furnace, a large amount of nitrogen gas takes away the heat in the rotary heating furnace, meanwhile, the oxygen content in the atmosphere in the furnace is reduced, the combustion speed is reduced, and therefore the temperature in the rotary heating furnace is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts a long-time high-temperature aerobic combustion method to remove organic matters in the thermosetting plastic waste, realizes the recovery of the filler in the waste, can be reused for the production of the thermosetting plastic, and realizes the recycling of the waste, thereby reducing the production cost, reducing the environmental pollution and improving the economic benefit;
2. the rotary heating furnace is horizontally arranged, and the inner wall of the furnace tube adopts the fins arranged in parallel with the axis, so that materials in the furnace are driven to generate turning motion in the rotating process of the rotary heating furnace to destroy a carbonization layer generated by burning the thermosetting plastic waste, the burning reaction speed is accelerated, and the production efficiency is improved;
3. the heating temperature of the heating furnace is controlled by adopting a heating temperature closed-loop control system, the degree of material combustion reaction is controlled by adopting an air flow closed-loop control system, the overheating protection of the heating furnace and filler powder is realized by adopting a nitrogen flow closed-loop control system, and the control precision of the combustion reaction of thermosetting plastics in the heating furnace is higher;
4. the invention adopts the production processes of centralized feeding, high-temperature aerobic calcination, inclined discharging, continuous spray cooling and continuous discharging, has compact device structure and high production efficiency, and can realize continuous batch production;
5. the invention adopts the dust filter and the tail gas purification furnace to filter and purify the dust and the waste gas generated in the heating furnace, and the dust and the waste gas are discharged after being detected to be qualified by VOC, thereby meeting the requirement of environmental protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a functional diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a tilted working state of an embodiment of the present invention;
the labels in the figure are: 1. the device comprises a feeder, 2, a feeder translation mechanism, 3, a rotary heating furnace, 301, a rotary heating furnace box body, 302, a rotary heating furnace tube, 4, a hydraulic lifting mechanism, 5, a tipping fulcrum, 6, a spiral feeder, 7, a water cooling system, 8 and a cooling spraying furnace.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The process flow adopted by the invention is shown in figure 1. The first step is centralized feeding, namely, the thermosetting plastic waste is added into the rotary heating furnace 3 until the thermosetting plastic waste is added in a set amount and then the feeding is stopped. The second step is high temperature aerobic calcination, i.e. the thermosetting plastic waste in the rotary heating furnace 3 is subjected to continuous high temperature aerobic heating to decompose the organic matter in the waste and only leave the filler. And thirdly, discharging in an inclined mode, namely, inclining the rotary heating furnace to slowly discharge the residual filler, and continuously conveying the residual filler to a cooling spraying furnace 7 through a spiral feeding machine 6. The fourth step is continuous spray cooling, namely, the materials entering the furnace body slowly move forwards along with the rotation of the cooling spray furnace 7, and simultaneously, cooling water is sprayed on the periphery of the furnace body to cool the materials in the moving process. And the fifth step is continuous discharging, namely, the material is cooled and then moved to a finished product output port to be output along with the rotation of the cooling furnace. After the material in the heating furnace is output, the heating furnace is put flat again, and the feeding and heating production of the next round of material can be carried out.
The working principle diagram of the invention is shown in fig. 2. The device mainly comprises a feeding machine 1, a feeding machine translation device 2, a rotary heating furnace 3, a spiral feeding machine 6, a cooling spray furnace 7, a dust filter, a tail gas purification furnace, a VOC detection device, a hydraulic lifting mechanism, a water cooling system 8, an air input system, a nitrogen input system, an electric control system and the like.
Fig. 3 shows a front view of an embodiment of the present invention, which takes recycling of silica filler in epoxy resin molding waste as an example to describe in detail the technical solution of the present invention:
the furnace tube of the rotary heating furnace 3 is a high-temperature stainless steel furnace tube, and the diameter of the furnace tube is 1430 mm. The box 301 of the rotary heating furnace is insulated by adopting an inlet refractory material, so that the temperature of the furnace body shell is not more than 45 ℃. The feeding machine translation mechanism 2 drives the feeding machine 1 to translate rightwards, so that a discharge port of the feeding machine 1 enters the rotary heating furnace 3, and materials enter the feeding machine from a feed port and are continuously conveyed into the rotary heating furnace. When the material input reaches a set value (about 4 cubic meters), the material input is stopped, and the feeding machine translation mechanism 2 drives the feeding machine to horizontally move left to a specified position and then stops. And closing the furnace door of the rotary heating furnace 3, starting to control the rotary heating furnace 3 to rotate by the electric control system, starting to heat according to the specified process specification, and controlling the power of the heating rod in real time according to the feedback of the temperature sensor in the furnace to realize PID closed-loop control of the temperature in the furnace.
The epoxy resin plastic packaging waste needs to be continuously heated for 4 hours in a rotary heating furnace 3, and the temperature is controlled at 800 ℃. Air is introduced into the waste plastic packaging material during the heating process, and the epoxy resin plastic packaging waste material is decomposed into H through chemical reaction with oxygen in the air at high temperature2O、CO、CO2、CH4、H2、C2H6And smoke, etc., and CH4、H2、C2H6Further combustion is to carbon dioxide and water. Waste gas, dust and the like generated in the rotary heating furnace 3 are filtered through a dust filter, the rest waste gas is heated to 750-fold-water 1100 ℃ through a tail gas purification furnace, organic matters in the waste gas are oxidized into carbon dioxide, water and the like at high temperature, so that the waste gas is purified, and the waste gas is detected to be qualified through a VOC detection device and then is discharged from a gas outlet.
In order to ensure the sufficient combustion of the waste materials, an oxygen content detector is used for detecting the oxygen content in the waste gases, and when the oxygen content is lower than a set value, the rotating speed of a high-pressure centrifugal fan is increased, so that the flow of air flowing into the heating furnace is increased, and the combustion reaction of the waste materials is accelerated. When the oxygen content is higher than the set value, the rotating speed of the high-pressure centrifugal fan is reduced, so that the flow of the air input into the heating furnace is reduced. Therefore, according to the feedback of the oxygen content in the waste gas, the flow of the air in the heating furnace is controlled by controlling the rotating speed of the high-pressure centrifugal fan, so that the degree of the waste material oxidation combustion reaction is controlled.
Because the epoxy resin plastic package waste generates a large amount of heat after combustion reaction at high temperature, the temperature in the furnace is rapidly increased. When the temperature of the furnace exceeds a set value, the PID control system of the furnace closes the heating system, but the temperature in the furnace can still continuously rise due to the good heat preservation characteristic of the heating furnace and a large amount of heat generated by waste material combustion, and even exceeds the allowable maximum temperature (about 1050 ℃) of the furnace; while too high a temperature may also cause high temperature sintering of the ceramic powder. In order to prevent the heating furnace from overheating and avoid high-temperature sintering of ceramic powder, the temperature in the furnace is detected through a temperature sensor, a nitrogen electromagnetic valve is opened when the temperature exceeds the set highest temperature of the furnace, the nitrogen flow input into the heating furnace is controlled in real time through a nitrogen flow controller according to the detection value of the temperature sensor in the furnace, a large amount of nitrogen takes away the heat in the heating furnace, the oxygen content in the atmosphere in the furnace is reduced, the combustion speed is reduced, the temperature in the heating furnace is reduced, and the temperature in the furnace is ensured to be reduced to be within the set range. Namely, the flow of nitrogen gas input into the heating furnace is controlled by a flow controller according to the feedback of a temperature sensor in the heating furnace, thereby realizing the overheating protection of the heating furnace and the ceramic powder.
The rotary heating furnace 3 is horizontally placed during heating production, horizontal fins parallel to the axis are arranged on the inner wall of the furnace tube at intervals along the circumferential direction, materials can be driven to rotate in a vertical plane in the rotary process of the rotary heating furnace, the materials are thrown to the bottom of the furnace after moving to a certain height, a carbonization layer formed on the surface of thermosetting plastic is damaged through continuous mechanical impact, the continuous combustion reaction of the internal plastic is promoted, the combustion reaction speed is accelerated, and the production efficiency is improved.
A diagram of an inclined operating state of an embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 4. After the waste material reaches the set time in the rotary heating furnace, the hydraulic lifting mechanism works to push the rotary heating furnace to upwards overturn around the overturning fulcrum 5, the overturning stops after reaching 30 degrees, the spiral feeding machine 6 and the cooling spray furnace 7 start to work, the heating rotary furnace 3 continues to rotate, the material in the furnace flows into the feed inlet of the spiral feeding machine 6 under the action of gravity, the conveying speed of the material is controlled by the spiral feeding machine 6, and the material is conveyed into the cooling spray furnace 7.
The cooling spraying furnace 7 adopts a rotary furnace, a rotary furnace tube of the rotary furnace is downwards provided with a certain inclination angle (the angle adjustable range is 0-5 degrees), the inner wall of the furnace tube is provided with spiral fins, and materials in the furnace tube are continuously pushed to move forwards along with the rotation of the rotary furnace tube. The water cooling system 7 is arranged outside the rotary furnace tube, and the spraying device is adopted in the embodiment, so that the rotary furnace tube and materials in the furnace tube are cooled under the continuous spraying of cooling water. The material flows out from the discharge port after being cooled by the cooling spray furnace 7, and the produced filler powder can be reused in the production of thermosetting plastics after being further processed.
After the material in the rotary heating furnace is completely flowed, the hydraulic lifting mechanism 4 works, the rotary heating furnace 3 is put back to the original horizontal position, the furnace door is opened, the feeding machine translation mechanism 2 drives the feeding machine 1 to move right to the right position, and the next production cycle is started. And when the material output of the cooling spray furnace 7 is finished, stopping the spiral feeder 6 and the cooling spray furnace 7 and waiting for the next production cycle.
The electric control system of the invention adopts a networked S7-1500 type PLC for control, monitoring information is transmitted to a monitoring interface consisting of an industrial personal computer and Wincc software, and the rotating speeds of motors of a feeding machine and a spiral feeding machine, a rotary heating furnace and a rotary motor of a cooling spraying furnace can be respectively controlled through a frequency converter; the output of the electric heater can be controlled in real time by detecting the material temperature through the thermocouple, so that the closed-loop control of the heating temperature of the rotary heating furnace is realized; the rotating speed of a fan for feeding waste gas into the tail gas purification furnace can be controlled by a frequency converter, and the flow of air, nitrogen and cooling water can be automatically controlled by a PLC (programmable logic controller), so that the functions of informatization, networking, parametric control and the like of the device are realized.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The filler recovery device for the thermosetting plastic waste is characterized by comprising an electrical control system, a rotary heating furnace for carrying out continuous high-temperature aerobic heating on the thermosetting plastic waste, a feeder for feeding the thermosetting plastic waste into the rotary heating furnace, and a screw feeder for conveying filler obtained after decomposing the thermosetting plastic waste to a cooling spraying furnace;
the bottom of one end of the rotary heating furnace is provided with a tilting fulcrum, the bottom of the other end of the rotary heating furnace is provided with a hydraulic lifting mechanism, and the hydraulic lifting mechanism can jack one end of the rotary heating furnace so as to convey the filler obtained after decomposition in the rotary heating furnace to the spiral feeder;
the filler recovery device further comprises a nitrogen input system consisting of a temperature sensor, a flow controller and an electromagnetic air valve I, wherein the temperature sensor is arranged inside the rotary heating furnace, the electromagnetic air valve I and the flow controller are connected to an air inlet of the rotary heating furnace after being connected in series through a hydraulic pipeline, and the temperature sensor is connected with the flow controller through a PID (proportion integration differentiation) controller.
2. The filler recovery device for thermosetting plastic waste materials according to claim 1, further comprising an air input system consisting of an oxygen content detector, a high-pressure centrifugal fan and an electromagnetic air valve II, wherein the oxygen content detector is arranged at an air outlet of the rotary heating furnace, the electromagnetic air valve II and the high-pressure centrifugal fan are connected in series through a hydraulic pipeline and then are also connected to the air inlet of the rotary heating furnace, and the oxygen content detector is connected with the high-pressure centrifugal fan through a PID controller.
3. The apparatus for recycling fillers of thermosetting plastic waste according to claim 2, wherein a dust filter, an exhaust gas purifying furnace and a VOC detecting device are connected in sequence to the outlet of the rotary heating furnace through a hydraulic pipe, and the oxygen content detector is connected to the hydraulic pipe between the dust filter and the exhaust gas purifying furnace.
4. The apparatus for recycling fillers of thermosetting plastic wastes according to claim 3, wherein said rotary heating furnace is disposed in a horizontal direction, and a plurality of horizontal fins are circumferentially spaced on an inner wall of the rotary heating furnace in parallel with an axis thereof.
5. The apparatus for recycling filler of thermosetting plastic waste according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the feeder is provided with a feeder translation mechanism, and the feeder translation mechanism drives the feeder to move horizontally, so as to feed the thermosetting plastic waste into the rotary heating furnace.
6. The apparatus for recycling fillers of thermosetting plastic wastes according to claim 1, wherein the cooling spray furnace is internally provided with spiral fins, and the periphery of the cooling spray furnace is provided with a water cooling system having a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet.
7. The apparatus for recycling fillers of thermosetting plastic wastes according to claim 6, wherein the cooling shower furnace is disposed slightly obliquely downward and provided with a finished product outlet at a lower end.
8. A recycling method of a filler recycling device of thermosetting plastic waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, centralized feeding, namely adding the thermosetting plastic waste into a rotary heating furnace through a feeder until the thermosetting plastic waste is added to a set amount, and then stopping feeding;
s2, high-temperature aerobic calcination, namely, carrying out high-temperature aerobic heating on the thermosetting plastic waste in the rotary heating furnace to decompose organic matters in the waste and only leave the filler;
s3, obliquely discharging, adjusting a hydraulic lifting mechanism to enable the rotary heating furnace to be inclined, slowly discharging decomposed filler, and continuously conveying the filler into a cooling spraying furnace through a spiral feeder;
s4, continuously spraying and cooling, wherein the filler entering the cooling spraying furnace slowly moves forwards along with the rotation of the cooling spraying furnace, and meanwhile, a water cooling system arranged on the periphery of the cooling spraying furnace cools the filler in the moving process;
s5, continuously discharging, wherein the filler is cooled and then moved to a finished product output port to be output along with the rotation of the cooling spray furnace;
and after the output of the filler in the rotary heating furnace is finished, the rotary heating furnace is leveled again, and the feeding and heating production of the next round of materials are carried out again.
9. The recycling method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the time of the high temperature aerobic heating of the thermosetting plastic waste in the rotary heating furnace is 3-5 hours, and the temperature is controlled at 700-1000 ℃.
10. The recycling method according to claim 9, wherein the oxygen content detector detects the oxygen content of the exhaust gas discharged from the outlet of the rotary heating furnace in real time during the high-temperature aerobic heating process in the rotary heating furnace, and when the oxygen content is lower than a set value, the PID controller controls the flow rate of the air in the rotary heating furnace by controlling the rotation speed of the high-pressure centrifugal fan, thereby controlling the degree of the waste material oxidative combustion reaction;
meanwhile, the temperature sensor detects the temperature in the rotary heating furnace in real time, when the temperature in the furnace exceeds a set value, a heating system of the rotary heating furnace is closed, if the temperature in the furnace continues to rise and exceeds the highest temperature, the electromagnetic gas valve II is opened, the PID controller controls the flow of nitrogen gas input into the rotary heating furnace in real time through controlling the flow controller according to the detection value of the temperature sensor in the furnace, a large amount of nitrogen gas takes away the heat in the rotary heating furnace, meanwhile, the oxygen content in the atmosphere in the furnace is reduced, the combustion speed is reduced, and therefore the temperature in the rotary heating furnace is reduced.
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| CN202110081469.2A CN112642844A (en) | 2021-01-21 | 2021-01-21 | Filler recovery device and recovery method for thermosetting plastic waste |
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| CN202110081469.2A CN112642844A (en) | 2021-01-21 | 2021-01-21 | Filler recovery device and recovery method for thermosetting plastic waste |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115676843A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-02-03 | 江苏科化新材料科技有限公司 | Method for regenerating silicon powder by using waste plastic package material as raw material, regenerated silicon powder and epoxy plastic package material for TO packaging |
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