CN112635997B - Vivaldi antenna unit - Google Patents
Vivaldi antenna unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN112635997B CN112635997B CN202011505692.7A CN202011505692A CN112635997B CN 112635997 B CN112635997 B CN 112635997B CN 202011505692 A CN202011505692 A CN 202011505692A CN 112635997 B CN112635997 B CN 112635997B
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- control cavity
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a Vivaldi antenna unit, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The antenna unit is composed of radiating plates, coaxial feeder lines and a forced boundary control cavity, wherein exponential slot lines are arranged between the radiating plates, the coaxial feeder lines are adopted to directly feed the radiating plates, and the forced boundary control cavity surrounds the bottom of the radiating plates. The invention effectively solves the problem of limited impedance bandwidth when the conventional Vivaldi antennas are assembled at a large distance, and has the advantages of lower cross polarization level and simple feed structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a Vivaldi antenna unit.
Background
When the gain requirement is determined, the array size is also basically determined. The number of channels is thus reduced only by increasing the element spacing.
Vivaldi antennas are the main antenna types used by ultra-wideband active phased arrays due to the characteristics of wide bandwidth, excellent radiation characteristics, easy processing and the like. However, after the antenna forms a large array, due to the combined action of floor reflection and a cavity, multiple modes of resonance occur, so that certain frequency point energy cannot be radiated, standing waves are rapidly deteriorated, and resonance frequency points are reduced along with the increase of the array element spacing. The array element spacing is generally half-wavelength corresponding to high frequency when the conventional ultra-wide bandwidth angular array is arranged, and the resonant frequency point cannot appear in the working frequency band. Along with the increase of the effective distance between the array elements, the resonance frequency point moves into the working frequency band, so that the high-frequency part cannot be used. In addition, the array element spacing is limited by the wide angle scanning, which is still small for low frequencies. The smaller electrical size of the low-band element results in poor antenna element efficiency and performance, and the smaller element spacing results in stronger coupling of the elements at low frequencies. Therefore, the low frequency can only adopt the tightly coupled thought to lead the whole array to achieve excellent broadband performance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a Vivaldi antenna element. The antenna unit has a simple feed structure, is easy to process, and is suitable for being used as array elements of an ultra-wideband large-space array.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A Vivaldi antenna element comprising a radiating plate, further comprising a forced boundary control cavity; the radiation plate is divided into two radiation patches by an index slot line positioned in the middle of the radiation plate; the bottom of the radiation plate is positioned in the forced boundary control cavity; in the forced boundary control cavity, the bottoms of the two radiation patches are also respectively connected with an inner conductor and an outer conductor of a coaxial feeder, and a metal conductor is also connected between the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial feeder; the forced boundary control cavity is made of metal, the bottom of the forced boundary control cavity is an antenna metal base plate, and a gap is arranged between the radiation patch and the antenna metal base plate.
Further, the forced boundary control cavity is a rectangular cavity.
Further, the radiation plate is parallel to one wall surface of the forced boundary control cavity.
Further, the outer wall surface of the forced boundary control cavity is flush with the part of the radiation patch exposed out of the forced boundary control cavity.
Further, the two radiation patches are connected and fixed through the structure fixing printed board.
The beneficial effects generated by adopting the technical scheme are as follows:
1. the invention adopts the forced boundary control cavity to change the boundary condition of the conventional Vivaldi array element array, can meet different coupling requirements of different frequency bands by optimizing the height of the control cavity, and ensures the low-frequency performance while moving the high-frequency resonance point out of the working frequency band.
2. Compared with the conventional vivaldi antenna, the invention has simple structure and mutually independent performances of the feed transmission part and the radiation part.
3. Furthermore, when the antenna unit is used as a unit in an array, the antenna unit has good ultra-wideband characteristics, the standing wave ratio is smaller than 1.5 in 3 times of frequency and even wider bandwidth, the radiation performance is good, and the gain is higher.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a graph of standing waves in an array in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a 2GHz cell simulation pattern of an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a 4GHz cell simulation pattern of an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a 6GHz cell simulation pattern of an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. the antenna comprises a radiation plate, a forced boundary control cavity, a structural fixing printed board, a coaxial feeder line, a metal conductor, an antenna metal base plate and an antenna metal base plate.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
A Vivaldi antenna element comprising a radiating plate, further comprising a forced boundary control cavity; the radiation plate is divided into two radiation patches by an index slot line positioned in the middle of the radiation plate; the bottom of the radiation plate is positioned in the forced boundary control cavity; in the forced boundary control cavity, the bottoms of the two radiation patches are also respectively connected with an inner conductor and an outer conductor of a coaxial feeder, and a metal conductor is also connected between the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial feeder; the forced boundary control cavity is made of metal, the bottom of the forced boundary control cavity is an antenna metal base plate, and a gap is arranged between the radiation patch and the metal base plate.
Further, the forced boundary control cavity is a rectangular cavity.
Further, the radiation plate is parallel to one wall surface of the forced boundary control cavity.
Further, the outer wall surface of the forced boundary control cavity is flush with the part of the radiation patch exposed out of the forced boundary control cavity.
Further, the two radiation patches are connected and fixed through the structure fixing printed board.
The following is a more specific example:
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, according to the limitation of the antenna operating frequency band and the array scanning on the array element spacing, a suitable array element size is selected, and generally 0.7λ high～1.2λhigh is taken, where λ high is the free space wavelength of the highest frequency point. The impedance matching is optimized by adjusting parameters such as the height, curvature, thickness, opening size and the like of the radiation patch. The resonant frequency point can be changed by adjusting the distance between the antenna metal bottom plate 6 and the bottom of the radiation plate 1 and the height of the forced boundary condition control cavity, and the gain of the antenna unit can be increased by properly increasing the height of the forced boundary condition control cavity 2. The feeder adopts a 50 ohm coaxial feeder 4, the inner and outer conductors of which are respectively connected to two radiating patches. A section of metal conductor 5 is welded between the coaxial feeder outer conductor and the coaxial feeder inner conductor, and the impedance imaginary part of the feeder is adjusted by adjusting the length of the metal conductor, so that better matching with the antenna is achieved.
The whole antenna unit comprises a radiation patch, a forced boundary control cavity, a coaxial feeder, a metal conductor, a structure fixing printed board 3 and a metal bottom plate. The antenna has 3 frequency multiplication bandwidths, the size is 57mm multiplied by 216mm, and the array element spacing is 1.14lambda high. The thickness of the radiation patch is 5.5mm, the curvature is 0.04, the distance from the antenna metal base plate is 16mm, and the height of the cavity is 96mm under the forced boundary condition control.
Referring to fig. 3 to 6, the present embodiment has good ultra-wideband characteristics, and the standing wave ratio is smaller than 1.5 in 3 times frequency and even wider bandwidths, and the radiation performance is good, and the gain is higher.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
The improved Vivaldi antenna of the present embodiment radiates electromagnetic waves through an exponentially shaped slot line. (when conventional Vivaldi antennas are assembled at large intervals, resonance points are introduced due to high-frequency band coupling, and high-frequency band coupling is needed to achieve excellent performance.) therefore, a forced boundary condition control cavity is adopted, and boundary conditions of array elements are changed to improve the current distribution of the mouth surface of a radiation unit. According to the radiation characteristics of the slot line antenna, the equivalent phase center of the high-frequency radiation is positioned at the lower half part of the slot line, and the equivalent phase center of the low-frequency radiation is positioned at the upper half part of the slot line, and the high coupling of the low-frequency band of the radiation unit can be ensured and the coupling effect of the high-frequency band can be effectively controlled by optimizing the height of the forced boundary control cavity. And the high-frequency resonance point is moved out of the working frequency band while the low-frequency performance is ensured. A section of metal is added between the coaxial inner conductor and the coaxial outer conductor of the feed part, so that a capacitance effect is introduced, and matching is regulated.
Claims (1)
1. A Vivaldi antenna element comprising a radiating plate, characterized by a forced boundary control cavity; the radiation plate (1) is divided into two radiation patches through an index slot line positioned in the middle of the radiation plate; the bottom of the radiation plate is positioned in the forced boundary control cavity (2); in the forced boundary control cavity, the bottoms of the two radiation patches are also respectively connected with an inner conductor and an outer conductor of a coaxial feeder (4), and a metal conductor (5) is also connected between the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial feeder; the forced boundary control cavity is made of metal, the bottom of the forced boundary control cavity is an antenna metal base plate (6), and a gap is arranged between the radiation patch and the antenna metal base plate; the forced boundary control cavity is a rectangular cavity; the radiation plate is parallel to one wall surface of the forced boundary control cavity; the outer wall surface of the forced boundary control cavity is flush with the part of the radiation plate exposed out of the forced boundary control cavity; the two radiation patches are connected and fixed through the structure fixing printed board.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011505692.7A CN112635997B (en) | 2020-12-18 | Vivaldi antenna unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011505692.7A CN112635997B (en) | 2020-12-18 | Vivaldi antenna unit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112635997A CN112635997A (en) | 2021-04-09 |
| CN112635997B true CN112635997B (en) | 2024-11-19 |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN214099914U (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-08-31 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Vivaldi antenna unit |
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN214099914U (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-08-31 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Vivaldi antenna unit |
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