CN112620139A - Concrete test piece size detection device and method - Google Patents
Concrete test piece size detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/04—Sorting according to size
- B07C5/10—Sorting according to size measured by light-responsive means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a concrete test piece size detection device and a method, wherein the device comprises a plurality of laser displacement sensors, at least one pair of laser displacement sensors are arranged on each of the front, rear, left and right 4 surfaces of a test piece, and laser emission ends on the front, rear, left and right 4 surfaces are positioned on the same horizontal plane and are vertical to the surface of the test piece; at least four laser displacement sensors are arranged on each of the upper surface and the lower surface 2 of the test piece, the four laser displacement sensors on each surface are arranged in a square shape, and the distances between the laser displacement sensors are equal; all the laser displacement sensors of each side can simultaneously move linearly in their respective planes. The device can quickly and accurately measure the size and the flatness of the test piece, thereby reducing the test cost and the labor intensity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete experimental tools, and particularly relates to a concrete sample size detection device and a concrete sample size detection method.
Background
Concrete is the first to bear pressure in a structure, and thus the compressive strength index is the most important strength index. The concrete compression strength is related to a plurality of elements such as composition materials, construction methods and the like, and is influenced by elements such as test piece size, loading method, loading speed and the like, so a standard strength measuring method and a corresponding strength evaluation standard are required.
The shapes of concrete test pieces selected for determining the compressive strength of concrete internationally at present are a cylinder and a cube. The compressive strength of concrete is determined by a cubic test piece according to the national rules, and the cubic test piece is used as a basis for evaluating the strength grade of the concrete. Due to the influence of factors such as the size height, the flatness, the sectional area and the like of the test piece, the maximum force values for crushing the test piece are different, and the calculated compressive strength values are also different, so that the size and the included angle of the test piece need to be accurately measured.
Currently, most quality inspection mechanisms adopt vernier calipers to measure the side length and the height of a concrete test piece; the planeness of the pressure bearing surface of the test piece is measured by adopting a steel plate ruler and a clearance gauge, the steel plate ruler is vertically and transversely placed on the pressure bearing surface of the test piece during measurement, the test piece is slowly rotated for 360 degrees, and the clearance gauge is used for measuring the maximum clearance of the test piece as a planeness value; measuring the included angle between the adjacent surfaces of the test piece by using a vernier angulometer; the disadvantages are as follows: the labor intensity is high, the error of the measuring result is large, the working efficiency is low, and the cost is high.
It can be known that the size and the included angle of the test piece which is manually measured are interfered by human factors, and are more unscientific and accurate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a concrete test piece size detection device and method, which can be used for rapidly and accurately measuring the size and the flatness of a test piece, reducing the test cost, reducing the labor intensity and improving the test efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a concrete sample size detection device which comprises a plurality of laser displacement sensors;
at least one pair of laser displacement sensors is arranged on each of the front, rear, left and right 4 surfaces of the test piece, all the laser displacement sensors on the front, rear, left and right 4 surfaces are positioned on the same horizontal plane, each laser displacement sensor on each surface is positioned on the same vertical plane parallel to the corresponding surface, and the positions of each laser displacement sensor on the opposite surfaces are in one-to-one correspondence;
at least four laser displacement sensors are arranged on each of the upper surface and the lower surface 2 of the test piece, and the four laser displacement sensors on each surface are positioned on the same horizontal plane and are arranged in a square shape; all the laser displacement sensors on each surface can simultaneously linearly move on respective planes, and the positions of the laser displacement sensors on the upper surface and the lower surface can be kept in one-to-one correspondence after the laser displacement sensors are moved in place;
the laser displacement sensor is used for collecting the distance from the laser displacement sensor to the surface of the test piece, and the edge side length and the upper and lower planeness of the test piece are obtained based on the distance.
Further, the distances from all the laser displacement sensors in the front, rear, left, right, upper and lower 6 surfaces to the corresponding test piece surface are equal.
Further, the distance from all the laser displacement sensors on each of the front, rear, left, right, upper and lower 6 surfaces to the surface of the test piece is 65-135 mm.
Further, the distance between a pair of laser displacement sensors on each of the front, rear, left and right 4 surfaces is equal.
Further, the distance between a pair of laser displacement sensors on each of the front, rear, left and right 4 surfaces is 100 mm.
Further, the distance between the laser displacement sensors on each of the upper surface and the lower surface is 80 mm.
Correspondingly, the detection method based on the concrete sample size detection device comprises the following steps:
collecting data of the laser displacement sensors on each surface of the test piece to obtain the distance between each laser displacement sensor and the surface of the corresponding test piece;
calculating to obtain the side length of each edge of the test piece based on the distance between the corresponding laser displacement sensors on the opposite surfaces of the test piece and the distance between each laser displacement sensor and the corresponding surface of the test piece;
linearly moving all the laser displacement sensors on each of the upper surface and the lower surface 2 on respective planes at the same time, stopping at a plurality of positions in the moving process, and acquiring data of all the laser displacement sensors on the upper surface and the lower surface when the laser displacement sensors are at each stopping position to obtain the distance between each laser displacement sensor and the upper surface and the lower surface of the test piece;
and calculating to obtain the flatness of the upper surface and the lower surface of the test piece based on the distance between the corresponding laser displacement sensors on the upper surface and the lower surface of the test piece and the distance between each laser displacement sensor and the upper surface and the lower surface of the test piece.
Further, based on the distance between the laser displacement sensors corresponding to each other on the opposite surface of the test piece and the distance between each laser displacement sensor and the corresponding surface of the test piece, the length of each edge side of the test piece is calculated, and the method comprises the following steps:
taking the side length calculation of the edge clamped on the left and right sides of the test piece as an example, recording a pair of laser displacement sensors on the left as L1 and L2, recording the distance from the surface of the test piece measured by L1 and L2 as data A and data B, recording a pair of laser displacement sensors on the right as R1 and R2, and recording the distance from the surface of the test piece measured by R1 and R2 as data C and data D;
if the data A is close to the data B and the data C is close to the data D, judging that the test piece is placed rightly:
acquiring the horizontal distance between L1 and R1, and subtracting data A, C from the horizontal distance to obtain the result of the length of the edge on one side between the left side and the right side;
acquiring the horizontal distance between the L2 and the R2, and subtracting the data B, D from the horizontal distance to obtain the result of the length of the edge at the other side clamped by the left side and the right side;
and if the data A is close to the data D and the data B is close to the data C, judging that the test piece is placed obliquely:
obtaining a horizontal distance between L1 and L2, the horizontal distance forming a right trapezoid with the data A, B; calculating the internal angle of the right trapezoid according to the trigonometric function, namely the inclination angle on the surface to be measured of the test piece;
acquiring the horizontal distance between L1 and R1, and subtracting data A, C from the distance to obtain a sine function of the edge length of the test piece; calculating the side length of a side edge between the left side and the right side according to a trigonometric function;
and the side length of the edge on one side between the left side and the right side can be calculated by the same method.
Further, the device stays at least three positions in the moving process.
Further, the calculating to obtain the flatness of the upper surface and the lower surface of the test piece based on the distance between the corresponding laser displacement sensors on the upper surface and the lower surface of the test piece and the distance between each laser displacement sensor and the surface of the test piece includes:
the description will be given taking the calculation of the flatness of the upper surface of the test piece as an example:
when the laser displacement sensor stays at the first position, the coordinates of each measuring point on the surface of the test piece can be known based on the distance between each laser displacement sensor and each measuring point on the surface of the test piece, and a plane with the smallest sum of squares of the distances between each measuring point and a certain surface is defined as a reference plane;
the distance between each measuring point and the reference plane is the flatness of the surface of the test piece, and the arithmetic mean of the flatness corresponding to the four measuring points is taken as a single flatness value;
calculating flatness values of the other two positions in the same way;
and finally, taking the arithmetic mean of the planeness of the three positions as the planeness of the plane.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the size detection device provided by the invention has the advantages of accurate measurement and high precision, the test cost is reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, and the test efficiency is improved. The detection method of the invention has the advantages of high speed and accurate precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the flatness measurement principle.
Reference numerals: 1. laser displacement sensor, 2, test piece.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
In the description of the present patent application, it is noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, including not only those elements listed, but also other elements not expressly listed.
In the description of the present patent, it is to be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present patent and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present patent. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present patent application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present patent can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
The concrete sample size detection device disclosed by the invention comprises a plurality of laser displacement sensors 1, and each laser displacement sensor 1 comprises a laser emitting end and a laser receiving end, wherein the laser emitting end is connected with the laser receiving end;
at least one pair of laser displacement sensors 1 is arranged on each of the front, back, left and right 4 surfaces of the test piece 2, the distances from all the laser displacement sensors on each surface to the surface of the test piece are equal, the distance range is 65-135 mm, for example, 80mm in the embodiment, and the distances between the laser displacement sensors on the 4 surfaces are equal, for example, 100mm in the embodiment. The laser emitting ends on the front, rear, left and right 4 surfaces are positioned on the same horizontal plane (after the position of the emitting end is determined, the position of the receiving end is also determined), and are vertical to the surface of the test piece.
At least four laser displacement sensors 1 are arranged on each of the upper and lower 2 surfaces of the test piece 2, the four sensors on the upper and lower surfaces are arranged in a square, and the distances among the sensors are equal, for example, 100mm in the embodiment; all the laser emitting ends on each side are on the same horizontal plane, and the distances from the laser emitting ends to the surface of the test piece are equal (the distance ranges from 65 mm to 135mm, for example, 80mm in the embodiment). And the upper and lower laser displacement sensors move linearly on the upper and lower planes. The moving process can respectively stay at least three positions. The four sensors above and below each position can correspond one to one.
According to the concrete test piece size detection device disclosed by the invention, the test piece size measurement process comprises the following steps: before test detection, the horizontal distance (i.e. the no-load distance) between each group of two corresponding pairs of laser displacement sensors on the opposite side surfaces is measured, after a test piece is placed in the middle of a measuring device, laser beams emitted by each laser emitting end on each side surface are reflected by the surface of the test piece and then received by a laser receiving end during measurement, so that the horizontal distance (i.e. the load distance) between the laser displacement sensors and the end surface of the test piece is detected, and the length of the side of the test piece is obtained by subtracting the corresponding load distances on the two sides from the no-load.
Taking the working process of the laser displacement sensors on the left and right side surfaces as an example for detailed description, two sets of laser displacement sensors are symmetrically arranged on the left and right side surfaces, the left pair of laser displacement sensors are taken as L1 and L2, the distance from the surface of the test piece measured by L1 and L2 is taken as data A, B, the right pair of laser displacement sensors are taken as R1 and R2, and the distance from the surface of the test piece measured by R1 and R2 is taken as data C, D.
I) And (3) measuring the side length of the test piece:
1) test piece placement correction
And if the data A is close to the data B and the data C is close to the data D, judging that the test piece is placed correctly.
The horizontal distance between L1 and R1 is constant and known, and the horizontal distance minus data A, C results in the length of the edge on the side between the left and right. The horizontal distance between L2 and R2 is constant and known, and the horizontal distance minus data B, D results in the length of the edge on the other side between the left and right. And by analogy, measuring once to obtain the length of each edge of the test piece.
2) Placing inclined test block
Since the laser displacement sensors L1 and L2, or R1 and R2 are on the same plane. Therefore, theoretically, if the data a and the data D are close to each other and the data B and the data C are close to each other, it can be determined that the test piece is distorted.
The spacing between L1 and L2 is constant, and this distance forms a right angle trapezoid with the data A, B. The internal angle of the right trapezoid, namely the inclination angle on the surface to be measured of the test piece can be calculated according to the trigonometric function. This interior angle can be obtained 4 times, front-back, left-right. Comparing the four values, the included angle value of the four surfaces can be judged. The edge length of the test piece is calculated by taking the four values as the same example:
the distance between L1 and R1 is constant, and the distance minus data A, C is the sine function of the edge length of the specimen. And calculating according to the trigonometric function to obtain the side length of the edge on one side between the left surface and the right surface. Other edge lengths can be obtained in the same way.
The difference is calculated according to the different internal angles of the right trapezoid. And according to a trigonometric function formula, obtaining the corresponding edge length of the test piece.
II) determination of the flatness:
the four sensors on the upper side and the lower side are arranged in a square shape, and the distances among the sensors are equal; the vertical distances from the sensors to the test piece are consistent. The laser displacement sensors on the upper surface and the lower surface respectively stay at three positions in the linear movement process on the upper plane and the lower plane. The four sensors above and below each position can correspond one to one.
The principle of calculating the flatness of the upper surface and the lower surface is the same, in the embodiment of the present invention, taking the calculation of the flatness of the upper surface as an example, when the test piece stays at the first position, as shown in fig. 2, it is assumed that the plane where each laser displacement sensor on the upper surface is located is denoted as a plane I, the real plane of the surface of the test piece is denoted as III, the distance from each laser displacement sensor to each measurement point (ABCD) on the surface of the test piece is known, the coordinates of each measurement point on the surface of the test piece are known, and a plane where the sum of squares of the distances from each measurement point to a certain surface is the minimum is defined as a reference plane.
The distance between each measuring point and the reference plane (i.e. the absolute value of the deviation between the distance between the planes I and II and the measuring distance of the laser displacement sensor) is the flatness of the surface of the test piece. Then, the arithmetic mean of the flatness corresponding to the four measuring points is taken as a single flatness value.
And calculating flatness values of the other two positions in the same way. The arithmetic mean is finally taken as the flatness of the plane (upper surface).
And after the size of the test piece is measured, performing a concrete compression test on the test piece with qualified size, and putting the test piece with unqualified size into a sample box with unqualified size.
The size detection device provided by the invention has the advantages of accurate measurement and high precision, the test cost is reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, and the test efficiency is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A concrete sample size detection device is characterized by comprising a plurality of laser displacement sensors;
at least one pair of laser displacement sensors is arranged on each of the front, rear, left and right 4 surfaces of the test piece, all the laser displacement sensors on the front, rear, left and right 4 surfaces are positioned on the same horizontal plane, each laser displacement sensor on each surface is positioned on the same vertical plane parallel to the corresponding surface, and the positions of each laser displacement sensor on the opposite surfaces are in one-to-one correspondence;
at least four laser displacement sensors are arranged on each of the upper surface and the lower surface 2 of the test piece, and the four laser displacement sensors on each surface are positioned on the same horizontal plane and are arranged in a square shape; all the laser displacement sensors on each surface can simultaneously linearly move on respective planes, and the positions of the laser displacement sensors on the upper surface and the lower surface can be kept in one-to-one correspondence after the laser displacement sensors are moved in place;
the laser displacement sensor is used for collecting the distance from the laser displacement sensor to the surface of the test piece, and the edge side length and the upper and lower planeness of the test piece are obtained based on the distance.
2. The concrete specimen size detection device of claim 1, wherein all laser displacement sensors in the front, rear, left, right, upper and lower 6 faces are equidistant from the corresponding specimen surface.
3. The concrete specimen size detection device of claim 2, wherein all laser displacement sensors on each of the front, rear, left, right, upper and lower 6 faces are located at a distance of 65-135 mm from the surface of the specimen.
4. The concrete specimen size detection device of claim 1, wherein a pair of laser displacement sensors on each of the front, rear, left and right 4 faces are equidistant from each other.
5. The concrete specimen size detection device of claim 4, wherein the distance between the pair of laser displacement sensors on each of the front, rear, left and right 4 surfaces is 100 mm.
6. The concrete specimen size detection device of claim 1, wherein the laser displacement sensors on each of the upper and lower faces are spaced apart by 80 mm.
7. The detection method of the concrete sample size detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting data of the laser displacement sensors on each surface of the test piece to obtain the distance between each laser displacement sensor and the surface of the corresponding test piece;
calculating to obtain the side length of each edge of the test piece based on the distance between the corresponding laser displacement sensors on the opposite surfaces of the test piece and the distance between each laser displacement sensor and the corresponding surface of the test piece;
linearly moving all the laser displacement sensors on each of the upper surface and the lower surface 2 on respective planes at the same time, stopping at a plurality of positions in the moving process, and acquiring data of all the laser displacement sensors on the upper surface and the lower surface when the laser displacement sensors are at each stopping position to obtain the distance between each laser displacement sensor and the upper surface and the lower surface of the test piece;
and calculating to obtain the flatness of the upper surface and the lower surface of the test piece based on the distance between the corresponding laser displacement sensors on the upper surface and the lower surface of the test piece and the distance between each laser displacement sensor and the upper surface and the lower surface of the test piece.
8. The method for detecting the size of the concrete sample according to claim 7, wherein the step of calculating the side length of each edge of the sample based on the distance between the corresponding laser displacement sensors on the opposite surfaces of the sample and the distance between each laser displacement sensor and the corresponding surface of the sample comprises the following steps:
taking the side length calculation of the edge clamped on the left and right sides of the test piece as an example, recording a pair of laser displacement sensors on the left as L1 and L2, recording the distance from the surface of the test piece measured by L1 and L2 as data A and data B, recording a pair of laser displacement sensors on the right as R1 and R2, and recording the distance from the surface of the test piece measured by R1 and R2 as data C and data D;
if the data A is close to the data B and the data C is close to the data D, judging that the test piece is placed rightly:
acquiring the horizontal distance between L1 and R1, and subtracting data A, C from the horizontal distance to obtain the result of the length of the edge on one side between the left side and the right side;
acquiring the horizontal distance between the L2 and the R2, and subtracting the data B, D from the horizontal distance to obtain the result of the length of the edge at the other side clamped by the left side and the right side;
and if the data A is close to the data D and the data B is close to the data C, judging that the test piece is placed obliquely:
obtaining a horizontal distance between L1 and L2, the horizontal distance forming a right trapezoid with the data A, B; calculating the internal angle of the right trapezoid according to the trigonometric function, namely the inclination angle on the surface to be measured of the test piece;
acquiring the horizontal distance between L1 and R1, and subtracting data A, C from the distance to obtain a sine function of the edge length of the test piece; calculating the side length of a side edge between the left side and the right side according to a trigonometric function;
and the side length of the edge on one side between the left side and the right side can be calculated by the same method.
9. The method for testing the size of the concrete sample according to claim 7, wherein the concrete sample stays at least three positions during the movement.
10. The method for detecting the size of the concrete sample according to claim 9, wherein the step of calculating the flatness of the upper surface and the lower surface of the sample based on the distance between the corresponding laser displacement sensors on the upper surface and the lower surface of the sample and the distance between each laser displacement sensor and the upper surface and the lower surface of the sample comprises the following steps:
the description will be given taking the calculation of the flatness of the upper surface of the test piece as an example:
when the laser displacement sensor stays at the first position, the coordinates of each measuring point on the upper surface of the test piece can be known based on the distance between each laser displacement sensor and each measuring point on the upper surface of the test piece, and a plane with the smallest sum of squares of the distances between each measuring point and a certain surface is defined as a reference plane;
the distance between each measuring point and the reference plane is the planeness of the upper surface of the test piece, and the arithmetic mean of the planeness corresponding to the four measuring points is a single planeness value;
calculating flatness values of the other two positions in the same way;
and finally, taking the arithmetic mean of the planeness of the three positions as the planeness of the upper plane.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113945156A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-01-18 | 巨轮(广州)智能装备有限公司 | Concrete test piece side length measuring method and measuring device |
| CN113959384A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-21 | 绍兴市容纳测控技术有限公司 | Full-automatic measuring method for side length, angle and plane flatness of concrete cube |
| CN118936375A (en) * | 2024-08-28 | 2024-11-12 | 铁正检测科技有限公司 | A device and method for measuring the surface flatness and angle of a concrete test block |
| CN118961443A (en) * | 2024-10-15 | 2024-11-15 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | A pressurizing device for testing raw materials of highway engineering |
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