CN112606629B - A broadband low-noise pneumatic tire tread pattern - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tread pattern of a broadband low-noise pneumatic tire, which is characterized in that a longitudinal groove and a resonator are arranged on a grounding tread of the tire; the longitudinal grooves extend continuously along the circumferential direction of the tire; the resonator comprises a single-cavity resonator and a double-cavity resonator; the single-cavity resonators and the double-cavity resonators are arranged on one side of the longitudinal groove at intervals in parallel; the single-cavity resonator is composed of a single-cavity neck and a single-cavity body, and the double-cavity resonator is composed of a front-section resonator and a rear-section resonator which are connected in series. The invention adopts the Helmholtz resonators in series-parallel connection combined patterns, not only can control the tire tube cavity resonance noise in a wide frequency range, but also can effectively reduce the resonance noise generated by the longitudinal grooves beside the resonators.

Description

A broadband low-noise pneumatic tire tread pattern

technical field

The present invention relates to a tread pattern of a pneumatic tire, more particularly to a tread pattern of a pneumatic tire which reduces the resonance noise of a tire lumen.

Background technique

Under the good control of automobile engine noise and body vibration noise, the proportion of tire noise in automobile noise has further expanded. The tire cavity resonance noise is one of the main sources of tire noise. The tire cavity resonance noise is caused by the air column resonance generated by the longitudinal groove of the tire tread and the ground forming a pipe with two open ends. It is generally at 800-1200Hz. Therefore, it is an important measure to protect the physical and mental health of drivers to control the resonance noise of tire lumen.

In order to reduce the resonance noise of the tire cavity, it has been proposed to install a Helmholtz resonator on the tread, the narrow neck opening of which is connected to the longitudinal groove, the end of the cavity ends at the grounding tread, and a plurality of identical resonators are arranged along the tire longitudinal direction. The grooves are arranged continuously in the circumferential direction. However, related technologies have the following problems:

1. While reducing the resonance noise of the tire cavity, the Helmholtz resonator will generate two more obvious resonance peaks with the longitudinal groove. Although these two peaks are lower than the cavity resonance peak generated by the longitudinal groove, they are still distributed. In the frequency range of about 800-1200Hz, it causes discomfort to the human ear, so this peak still needs to be further controlled;

2. Since the resonance noise of the tire lumen is generated in the wide frequency range of 800-1200Hz, by arranging multiple identical Helmholtz resonators in the circumferential direction of the tire longitudinal groove, the silencing frequency is relatively single, and only the resonator is used. Periodicity does not widen the operating bandwidth of the resonator very well.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to avoid the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a wide-band low-noise pneumatic tire tread pattern, which can reduce the resonance peak value generated by the longitudinal groove next to the resonator while controlling the resonance noise of the tire lumen. At the same time, it can effectively widen the noise reduction bandwidth of the tread pattern.

The present invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problem:

The tread pattern of the broadband low-noise pneumatic tire of the present invention is characterized in that: longitudinal grooves and resonators are arranged on the grounding tread of the tire; the longitudinal grooves extend continuously along the tire circumferential direction; the resonators include a single cavity resonator and a double cavity resonator resonator; the front end of the single cavity in the single cavity resonator is connected with the longitudinal groove through the single cavity neck, and the tail end of the single cavity ends at the ground tread; the double cavity resonator is composed of the front section resonator and the The rear section resonators are formed in series, and the series connection refers to: the front cavity in the front section resonator is connected with the longitudinal channel through the front cavity neck at the front end, and the rear end of the rear cavity in the rear section resonator ends at grounding The tread is connected by a rear cavity neck between the front and rear surfaces of the rear cavity and the front cavity; the single cavity resonator and the double cavity resonator are arranged in parallel at one side of the longitudinal groove.

The characteristics of the tread pattern of the broadband low-noise pneumatic tire of the present invention are:

The volume of the single cavity neck is smaller than that of the single cavity body, the depth of the single cavity neck in the longitudinal direction of the tire is smaller than that of the single cavity in the longitudinal direction of the tire, and the depth of the single cavity body in the longitudinal direction of the tire is smaller than that of the longitudinal groove edge. the depth in the longitudinal direction of the tire;

The volume of the front cavity neck is smaller than the volume of the front cavity, the depth of the front cavity neck in the longitudinal direction of the tire is smaller than the depth of the front cavity in the longitudinal direction of the tire, and the depth of the front cavity in the longitudinal direction of the tire is smaller than the longitudinal groove edge the depth in the longitudinal direction of the tire;

The volume of the rear cavity neck is smaller than the volume of the rear cavity, the depth of the rear cavity neck in the longitudinal direction of the tire is smaller than the depth of the rear cavity in the longitudinal direction of the tire, and the depth of the rear cavity in the longitudinal direction of the tire is smaller than that of the longitudinal groove edge. Depth in the longitudinal direction of the tire.

The tread pattern of the broadband low-noise pneumatic tire of the present invention is also characterized in that: each cavity neck includes the single cavity neck, the front cavity neck and the rear cavity neck, and the cross section of each cavity neck is rectangular; and there are:

l _A >w _A , l _B1 >w _B1 , l _B2 >w _B2 , l _B1 ≤l _B2

in:

l _A is the side length of the single-cavity neck along the lateral direction of the grounded tread, w _A is the side length of the single-cavity neck along the circumferential direction of the grounded tread;

l _B1 is the side length of the front cavity neck along the lateral direction of the grounded tread, w _B1 is the side length of the front cavity neck along the circumferential direction of the grounded tread;

l _B2 is the side length of the rear cavity neck along the lateral direction of the grounded tread, w _B2 is the side length of the rear cavity neck along the circumferential direction of the grounded tread;

The characteristics of the tread pattern of the broadband low-noise pneumatic tire of the present invention are:

Set the resonance frequency f _A of the single cavity resonator as:

Set the resonance frequency f _B1 of the front cavity resonator composed of the front cavity neck and the front cavity in the dual cavity resonator as:

Set the resonant frequency f _B2 of the rear cavity resonator composed of the rear cavity neck and the rear cavity in the dual cavity resonator as:

And: f _B1 <f _A <f _B2 ;

Where: c ₀ is the speed of sound in air;

s _A , s _B1 , and s _B2 correspond one-to-one to the cross-sectional area of the single cavity neck, the anterior cavity neck and the posterior cavity neck;

d _A , d _B1 , and d _B2 correspond one-to-one to the diameters of the single cavity neck, the anterior cavity neck and the posterior cavity neck which are equivalent to circular sections;

V _A , V _B1 , and V _B2 correspond to the volumes of the single cavity, the front cavity and the rear cavity;

x is the pipe end correction factor taking a value of 0.8.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in:

1. The present invention adopts a series-parallel combination pattern of Helmholtz resonators. The single-chamber resonator acts on the first-order resonance frequency of the cavity, and the series-type double-chamber resonator acts near the two peaks generated by a single resonator. Reduce the peak value near the resonance frequency of the tire lumen, and can effectively reduce the two resonance peaks generated by the longitudinal groove next to the Helmholtz resonator;

2. In the present invention, the single-cavity resonator and the serial double-cavity resonator are alternately arranged in parallel on one side of the tire longitudinal groove, so as to reduce the tire cavity resonance noise in the wide frequency range of 800-1200 Hz, and at the same time disperse the noise sound energy into the tire cavity. In a wider frequency band, avoid excessive concentration of energy, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing noise.

3. In the present invention, two different forms of resonator patterns are flanked by the tire longitudinal grooves, which can reduce the impact sound produced by the pattern blocks hitting the road surface to a certain extent.

Description of drawings

1 is a plan development view of a pneumatic tire tread pattern of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-chamber resonator in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of the single-chamber resonator of the present invention in Fig. 2;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-chamber resonator in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the B-B cross-sectional view of the dual-chamber resonator of the present invention in Fig. 4;

Figure 6a, Figure 6b and Figure 6c are three-dimensional schematic diagrams of three grounding models for simulation comparison;

Fig. 7 is a spectrum comparison diagram of the two grounding models shown in Fig. 6a, Fig. 6b and Fig. 6c;

Labels in the figure: 1 longitudinal groove, 2 ground tread, 3 single cavity resonator, 4 double cavity resonator, 5 single cavity neck, 6 single cavity, 7 front cavity neck, 8 front cavity, 9 rear cavity neck, 10 back cavity.

Detailed ways

Referring to Figure 1, the structural form of the tread pattern of the broadband low-noise pneumatic tire in this embodiment is:

A longitudinal groove 1 and a resonator are arranged on the grounding tread 2 of the tire. The longitudinal groove 1 extends continuously along the circumferential direction of the tire. The resonator includes a single-chamber resonator 3 and a double-chamber resonator 4; The front end of the single cavity body 6 in the cavity resonator is communicated with the longitudinal groove 1 through the single cavity neck 5, and the tail end of the single cavity body 6 ends at the ground tread 2; the double cavity resonator 4 shown in Figures 4 and 5 It is composed of the front resonator and the rear resonator in series. The series connection means: the front cavity 8 in the front resonator is connected with the longitudinal groove 1 through the front cavity neck 7 at the front end, and the rear cavity 10 in the rear resonator is connected. The rear end ends at the ground tread 2, and is connected by the rear cavity neck 9 between the rear cavity 10 and the front and rear surfaces of the front cavity 8; the single cavity resonator 3 and the double cavity resonator 4 shown in FIG. 1 are one A spacer is arranged in parallel on one side of the longitudinal groove 1 .

The corresponding settings in the specific implementation also include:

The volume of the single cavity neck 5 is set to be smaller than the volume of the single cavity 6, the depth of the single cavity neck 5 in the longitudinal direction of the tire is smaller than the depth of the single cavity 6 in the longitudinal direction of the tire, and the depth of the single cavity 6 in the longitudinal direction of the tire is smaller than that of the longitudinal groove 1 Depth along the longitudinal direction of the tire.

The volume of the front cavity neck 7 is set smaller than the volume of the front cavity 8, the depth of the front cavity neck 7 along the tire longitudinal direction is smaller than the depth of the front cavity 8 along the tire longitudinal direction, and the depth of the front cavity 8 along the tire longitudinal direction is smaller than the longitudinal groove. 1 Depth along the longitudinal direction of the tire.

The volume of the rear cavity neck 9 is set to be smaller than the volume of the rear cavity 10, the depth of the rear cavity neck 9 in the longitudinal direction of the tire is smaller than the depth of the rear cavity 10 in the longitudinal direction of the tire, and the depth of the rear cavity 10 in the longitudinal direction of the tire is smaller than that of the longitudinal groove 1 Depth along the longitudinal direction of the tire.

The longitudinal direction of the tire refers to the radial direction of the tire, that is, along the diameter of the tire.

The section of each cavity neck is set to be rectangular, and each cavity neck includes a single cavity neck 5, an anterior cavity neck 7 and a posterior cavity neck 9, and has:

l _A >w _A , l _B1 >w _B1 , l _B2 >w _B2 , l _B1 ≤l _B2

in:

l _A is the side length of the single-cavity neck 5 along the lateral direction of the grounded tread, that is, the neck length of the single-cavity neck 5;

w _A is the side length of the single-cavity neck 5 along the circumferential direction of the grounded tread, that is, the neck width of the single-cavity neck 5;

l _B1 is the side length of the front cavity neck 7 along the lateral direction of the grounded tread, that is, the neck length of the front cavity neck 7;

w _B1 The side length of the front cavity neck 7 along the circumferential direction of the grounded tread is the neck width of the front cavity neck 7;

l _B2 is the side length of the rear cavity neck 9 along the lateral direction of the grounded tread, that is, the neck length of the rear cavity neck 9;

w _B2 The side length of the rear cavity neck 9 along the circumferential direction of the grounded tread is the neck width of the rear cavity neck 9 .

The lateral direction of the grounded tread refers to the width direction of the tire tread, and the circumferential direction of the grounded tread refers to the circumferential direction of the tire, that is, the circumferential direction of the tire; the resonant frequency f _A of the single-cavity resonator 3 is set as:

The resonant frequency f _B1 of the front cavity resonator composed of the front cavity neck 7 and the front cavity body 8 in the dual cavity resonator 4 is set as:

The resonant frequency f _B2 of the rear cavity resonator formed by the rear cavity neck 9 and the rear cavity body 8 in the dual cavity resonator 4 is set as:

And: f _B1 <f _A <f _B2 ;

The resonant frequency f _A of the single-cavity resonator 3 is set according to the first-order resonance frequency f ₀ of the tire lumen, and f ₀ is the frequency calculated by the sound field calculation by substituting the tire tread model containing only the longitudinal groove 1 into the boundary element simulation. It is determined by the first-order peak value obtained from the response function curve; the resonant frequencies f _B1 and f _B2 of the double cavity resonator 4 are set by the two resonance frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ generated before and after the single cavity resonator 3 and the longitudinal groove 1 , f ₁ and f ₂ are determined by substituting the tire tread model of the longitudinal groove 1 next to the single-chamber resonator 3 into the boundary element simulation to calculate the frequency response function curve of the sound field and the two peaks before and after; preferably Solution: Make f _B1 slightly smaller than f ₁ , and f _B2 slightly larger than f ₂ , because the parallel structure of the resonator will make f ₁ migrate to low frequency and f ₂ to high frequency. The series-parallel combined pattern of the Helmholtz resonators arranged in this way can not only control the resonance of the tire cavity, but also reduce the peak value formed by the single cavity resonator and the longitudinal groove.

Where: c ₀ is the speed of sound in air; M and N are both mathematical expressions used to simplify the expressions of f _B1 and f _B2 ;

s _A , s _B1 , and s _B2 correspond one-to-one to the cross-sectional area of the single cavity neck 5 , the anterior cavity neck 7 and the posterior cavity neck 9 ;

V _A , V _B1 , and V _B2 correspond to the volumes of the single cavity 6 , the front cavity 8 and the rear cavity 9 ;

d _A , d _B1 , and d _B2 correspond one-to-one to the diameters of the single-chamber neck 5 , the anterior chamber neck 7 and the back chamber neck 9 that are equivalent to circular cross-sections, that is, the diameters of the necks of rectangular cross-sections that are equivalent to circular cross-sections. diameter, which is:

x is the pipe end correction factor taking a value of 0.8.

Simulation:

In order to verify the effectiveness of the technical solutions of the present invention, a comparison solution is established. The first solution is a reference model with only longitudinal grooves 1 engraved in Fig. 6a, and the second solution is the tread of the present invention as shown in Fig. 6b. Pattern simulation model.

In the first reference model shown in Figure 6a, the length of the rectangular block is 180mm, the width is 100mm, and the height is 30mm, the surface groove of the rectangular block is a longitudinal groove 1, the width of the groove is 8mm, and the depth is 8mm;

Four single-chamber resonators are formed in the second reference model shown in Fig. 6b. The neck length of the single-chamber resonator is 6 mm, the neck width is 1 mm, the neck depth is 3 mm, and the length of the resonating cavity is 23.80 mm. mm, the width is 10mm, the depth is 6mm, and the volume is 1428mm ³ ; the single-chamber resonators are alternately arranged in parallel on one side of the longitudinal groove with a spacing of 40mm.

Four Helmholtz resonators are formed in the simulation model of the present invention shown in FIG. 6c, two single-chamber resonators and two double-chamber resonators are alternately arranged; the resonance frequency of the single-chamber resonators is based on the longitudinal groove of the tire. The resonance frequency of the generated cavity is set, and the two resonance frequencies of the double-cavity resonator are set according to the two resonance frequencies generated by the longitudinal groove next to the single-cavity resonator; the neck of the single-cavity resonator and the double-cavity resonator The shape of the cavity and the cavity are both rectangular, the neck length of the single-chamber resonator is 6mm, the width of the neck is 1mm, the depth of the neck is 3mm, the length of the resonance cavity is 23.80mm, the width is 10mm, the depth is 6mm, and the volume It is 1428mm ³ ; the length of the neck of the front resonator of the dual-chamber resonator is 6mm, the width of the neck is 1mm, the depth of the neck is 3mm, the length of the front cavity is 24mm, the width is 10mm, the depth is 6mm, and the volume is 1440mm ³ ; The length of the neck of the rear resonator of the dual-chamber resonator is 9mm, the width of the neck is 1mm, the depth of the neck is 2.5mm, the length of the rear cavity is 19mm, the width is 8mm, the depth is 6mm, and the volume is 912mm ³ ; The single-chamber resonator and the double-chamber resonator are alternately arranged in parallel on one side of the longitudinal groove with a spacing of 40mm.

Acoustic boundary element simulation is carried out for the reference model and the simulation model, and the sound pressure level frequency response function of the measuring point in the middle of the pipe is calculated. The cavity resonance frequency of the tire and the corresponding sound pressure level amplitude are obtained from the sound pressure frequency response function curve. During the simulation process: the density of air is 1.20kg/m ³ ; the speed of sound in air is defined as 343.65(1+0.0168i)m/s, and the imaginary part of the speed of sound in air is added here to consider that the air in the experimental environment is not an ideal gas , there is the effect of air damping; the sound source type is a monopole sound source, and the sound pressure amplitude is 1N/m

Figure 7 shows the spectrum comparison of the three models obtained by simulation. In Figure 7, the curve R ₁ is the sound pressure level frequency response curve of the first reference model shown in Figure 6a, and the curve R ₂ is the second reference model shown in Figure 6b. The sound pressure level frequency response curve of a reference model, the curve _R3 is the sound pressure level frequency response curve of the tread pattern simulation model of the present invention shown in FIG. 6c. It can be seen from Figure 7 that the first-order cavity resonance frequency corresponding to the spectrum of the first reference model is 909Hz, and the corresponding sound pressure level amplitude is 142.60dB; the spectrum of the second reference model has two peaks, the first peak The frequency of the second peak is 624Hz, the corresponding peak value is 136.91dB, the frequency of the second peak value is 1310Hz, and the corresponding amplitude peak value is 137.71dB; the frequency spectrum of the tread pattern simulation model of the present invention has four low peaks, the frequency of the first peak is 510Hz, The corresponding peak value is 132.37dB, the frequency of the second peak is 752Hz, the corresponding amplitude peak value is 127.82dB, the frequency of the third peak value is 1147Hz, the corresponding peak value is 133.53dB, the frequency of the fourth peak value is 1410Hz, and the corresponding amplitude peak value is 132.02 dB. In the 0-2000Hz frequency band, the RMS value of the first reference model is 161.94dB, the RMS value of the second reference model is 156.78dB, and the RMS of the tread pattern simulation model of the present invention is 153.82dB. The lumen resonance noise of the model is reduced by 8.08dB relative to the first reference model and 5.16dB relative to the second reference model. It can be seen that the tire tread pattern of the present invention disperses the cavity resonance peak at 909Hz into four continuous low peaks in the frequency band of 400-1500Hz, the noise reduction frequency band is significantly broadened, and the noise reduction effect is significantly improved. The RMS value here refers to the square root of the sum of squares of all data in the frequency interval, which is used to characterize the energy in the signal.

It can be seen from the comparison that on the one hand, the tire tread pattern of the present invention can well control the first-order cavity resonance peak value, and can also effectively reduce the two peaks generated by the longitudinal groove next to the single-chamber Helmholtz resonator; The concentrated cavity resonance noise is dispersed in a wide frequency band, and the invention purpose of tire noise reduction is well achieved.

The embodiments in the present invention are only used to describe the present invention more clearly, and should not be regarded as limiting the protection scope covered by the present invention, and any modifications of equivalent forms should be regarded as falling into the protection scope covered by the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A tread pattern of a broadband low-noise pneumatic tire is characterized in that: a longitudinal groove (1) and a resonator are arranged on a ground-contacting tread (2) of the tire; the longitudinal groove (1) extends continuously along the circumferential direction of the tire; the resonator comprises a single-cavity resonator (3) and a double-cavity resonator (4); the front end of a single cavity (6) in the single-cavity resonator is communicated with the longitudinal groove (1) through a single-cavity neck (5), and the tail end of the single cavity (6) is stopped at the grounding tread (2); the dual-cavity resonator (4) is formed by connecting a front-section resonator and a rear-section resonator in series, wherein the series connection refers to that: a front cavity (8) in the front section resonator is communicated with the longitudinal groove (1) at the front end through a front cavity neck (7), the tail end of a rear cavity (10) in the rear section resonator is stopped at the grounding tread (2), and the rear cavity (10) is communicated with the front end surface and the rear end surface of the front cavity (8) through a rear cavity neck (9); the single-cavity resonators (3) and the double-cavity resonators (4) are arranged on one side of the longitudinal groove (1) in parallel at intervals;

setting the resonance frequency of a single-chamber resonator (3)

Comprises the following steps:

the resonance frequency of a front cavity resonator consisting of a front cavity neck (7) and a front cavity (8) in a double-cavity resonator (4) is set

Comprises the following steps:

the resonance frequency of a rear cavity resonator consisting of a rear cavity neck (9) and a rear cavity body (10) in the double-cavity resonator (4) is set

Comprises the following steps:

and:

；

wherein:

is the speed of sound in the air;

、

、

the cross sections of the single cavity neck (5), the front cavity neck (7) and the back cavity neck (9) are in one-to-one correspondence;

、

、

the single cavity neck (5), the front cavity neck (7) and the back cavity neck (9) are equivalent in one-to-one correspondenceA diameter of a circular cross-section;

V _A 、V _B1、V _B2the volumes of the single cavity (6), the front cavity (8) and the rear cavity (10) are in one-to-one correspondence;

is the pipe end correction coefficient with the value of 0.8;

the length of the single cavity neck (5) along the transverse direction of the grounding tread;

the length of the front cavity neck (7) along the transverse direction of the ground-contacting tread;

the length of the rear cavity neck (9) along the transverse direction of the ground-contacting tread is the length.

2. The broadband low noise pneumatic tire tread pattern of claim 1, wherein:

the volume of the single cavity neck (5) is smaller than that of the single cavity body (6), the depth of the single cavity neck (5) along the longitudinal direction of the tire is smaller than that of the single cavity body (6) along the longitudinal direction of the tire, and the depth of the single cavity body (6) along the longitudinal direction of the tire is smaller than that of the longitudinal groove (1) along the longitudinal direction of the tire;

the volume of the front cavity neck (7) is smaller than that of the front cavity (8), the depth of the front cavity neck (7) along the longitudinal direction of the tire is smaller than that of the front cavity (8) along the longitudinal direction of the tire, and the depth of the front cavity (8) along the longitudinal direction of the tire is smaller than that of the longitudinal groove (1) along the longitudinal direction of the tire;

the volume of rear cavity neck (9) is less than the volume of rear cavity (10), rear cavity neck (9) is less than rear cavity (10) along the ascending degree of depth of tire vertical, rear cavity (10) is less than vertical ditch (1) along the ascending degree of depth of tire vertical.

3. The broadband low noise pneumatic tire tread pattern of claim 1, wherein: each cavity neck comprises the single cavity neck (5), a front cavity neck (7) and a rear cavity neck (9), and the cross section of each cavity neck is rectangular; and has the following components:

wherein:

the length of the single cavity neck (5) along the circumferential direction of the grounding tread;

the length of the front cavity neck (7) along the circumferential direction of the grounding tread;

the length of the rear cavity neck (9) along the circumferential direction of the ground-contacting tread is the length.

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