CN112531961A

CN112531961A - Quick-starting excitation efficient alternating current motor

Info

Publication number: CN112531961A
Application number: CN202011385372.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-04-26
Filing date: 2020-04-26
Publication date: 2021-03-19
Also published as: CN112510908B; CN112510908A; CN111431330B; CN111431330A

Abstract

The invention discloses a quick-start excitation efficient alternating current motor which comprises a shell, a stator, a rotor, a mandrel component and an output shaft component, wherein the inner wall of the shell is provided with an annular stator; the spindle assembly and the output shaft assembly are coaxially installed, one end of each of the spindle assembly and the output shaft assembly faces each other, the installation axis of the rotor coincides with the axis of the spindle assembly, the rotor comprises a rotor core, the rotor core is adjacent to the stator, the stator drives the rotor core to rotate through electromagnetic force, the end part of the rotor is in speed coupling with one end of each of the spindle assembly and the output shaft assembly, and the output shaft assembly penetrates through the side face of the machine shell and extends out of the machine shell to serve as the output end of the motor.

Description

Quick-starting excitation efficient alternating current motor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of motors, in particular to a quick-start excitation efficient alternating current motor.

Background

An electric machine is an industrially versatile component that electrically excites and drives a rotor to rotate.

Traditionally, output shaft and rotor are all fixed and bound, when the motor starts, the stator is electrified (rotor is also electrified and changes direction through the electric brush), at this moment, because there is great load on the output shaft, the torque is very big when the rotational speed is lower, therefore, the acceleration of rotor is very slow, the electromagnetic force that needs very big electric current to produce just can promote the rotor to rotate, so, the starting current of motor often reaches several times of rated current, big starting current requires very high to electric wire netting and power transmission line, calorific capacity is big, danger easily occurs, therefore, in the prior art, in order to restrict the starting current, the mode of step-down start is often adopted, although the starting current drops, however, the lifting rate of rotational speed becomes lower.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a quick-start excitation efficient alternating current motor to solve the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a quick-start excitation efficient alternating current motor comprises a shell, a stator, a rotor, a mandrel component and an output shaft component, wherein the inner wall of the shell is provided with an annular stator, a plurality of bearing seats are further extended out of the inner wall of the shell and used for providing supporting positions for a rotating part, and the rotor, the mandrel component and the output shaft component are directly or indirectly supported and arranged on the bearing seats through bearings; the spindle assembly and the output shaft assembly are coaxially installed, one end of each of the spindle assembly and the output shaft assembly faces each other, the installation axis of the rotor coincides with the axis of the spindle assembly, the rotor comprises a rotor core, the rotor core is adjacent to the stator, the stator drives the rotor core to rotate through electromagnetic force, the end part of the rotor is in speed coupling with one end of each of the spindle assembly and the output shaft assembly, and the output shaft assembly penetrates through the side face of the machine shell and extends out of the machine shell to serve as the output end of the motor.

Traditionally, because the output shaft directly links rotor core, so, when having great load on the output shaft, because the rotational speed has not improved last yet, so load power mainly reflects by great torque, this great torque has restricted the quick improvement of rotational speed on the rotor, and rotor speed improves slowly, when the initial stage rotational speed of start-up is very low, will appear the condition of heavy current, and the excitation of heavy current for the stator overcomes the rotor moment of torsion. In this application, make the transmission structure of components of a whole that can function independently with rotor and output shaft subassembly, set up a mandrel component at rotor central point, the rotor, the mandrel component, the output shaft subassembly three carries out the gear train as the components of a whole that can function independently structure and connects, in the start-up stage of motor, the rotating resistance on the rotor is not very high, so its rotational speed can improve fast, under a high speed state, drive output shaft subassembly's rotation gradually, reach rated revolution until output shaft subassembly, because the rotational speed of rotor improves very fast, and starting resistance is very little, so, the starting current of this motor is very little, starting current is along with the improvement of output shaft subassembly rotational speed and constantly improves, accord with common power rising curve. The problem of occupying excessive power grid resources does not exist.

Furthermore, the rotor also comprises a rotor body, the whole axis of the rotor is the rotor axis, one end of the rotor body along the rotor axis is provided with a speed-dividing gear through a bearing, the speed-dividing gear is driven by the rotor body to revolve along the axis of the rotor body, the self axis of the speed-dividing gear is vertical to and intersected with the rotor axis, and the speed-dividing gear can rotate along the self axis; the mandrel assembly comprises a mandrel and a mandrel gear, the mandrel is fixedly connected with the mandrel gear at one end, close to the output shaft assembly, of the mandrel, the rotation axis of the mandrel gear is the axis of the mandrel, the mandrel gear is a planar disc gear or a bevel gear, the mandrel gear is meshed with the speed-dividing gear, the output shaft assembly comprises an output shaft and an output shaft gear, the output shaft is fixedly connected with the output shaft gear at one end, close to the mandrel assembly, of the output shaft, the rotation axis of the output shaft gear is the axis of the output shaft, and the output shaft gear is.

The speed of the rotor is not limited by the condition that the initial torque on the output shaft is very large, and the speed is increased through a speed-dividing gear, a mandrel gear and an output shaft gear, when the motor is started, firstly, the speed-dividing gear starts to revolve around the axis of the mandrel, because the starting resistance of the output shaft gear fixedly connected with the output shaft is large, the output shaft gear does not rotate when starting, the mandrel gear and the mandrel on the other side do not have any rotation resistance, then the revolution of the speed-dividing gear is transmitted to the mandrel gear to drive the mandrel gear to rotate, because the mandrel gear on one side of the speed-dividing gear rotates, the output shaft gear on the other side does not rotate, the self can rotate due to the speed difference of the two side gears, when the resistance on the output shaft is infinite, the rotation resistance of the speed-dividing gear is infinite small, and the rotation resistance of the mandrel gear is infinite, the state: the output shaft gear does not rotate, the speed-dividing gear rotates and revolves, the core shaft gear rotates, however, as long as the speed-dividing gear has a certain rotation resistance, a part of rotation speed is transmitted to the output shaft gear, the torque resistance of the output shaft gear is smaller and smaller as the rotation speed of the output shaft gear is increased, the rotation speed of the output shaft gear is increased as the load power is equal to the product of the rotation speed and the torque, and the rotation speed of the speed-dividing gear is lower and lower as the rotation speed of the output shaft gear is close to that of the core shaft gear;

in the final state: the revolution speed of the speed-dividing gear is equal to the rotation speed of the mandrel gear and the output shaft gear, and the rotation speed of the speed-dividing gear returns to zero. The revolution speed of the speed-dividing gear is the rotation speed of the rotor core driven by the stator.

It should be noted that: because the structure of the mandrel does not have rotation resistance (system friction and resistance are ignored), and even if the speed of the output shaft is increased, the shaft of the mandrel also has torque resistance, so the torque difference can cause the difference of the rotation speeds of the mandrel gear and the output shaft gear, if the revolution speed of the speed-dividing gear is exactly equal to the rotation speed of the output shaft gear, a corresponding structure is arranged to overcome the torque difference, and therefore, the torque difference is overcome through two modes:

the first method is as follows: the rotating shaft of the speed-dividing gear is provided with rotary resistance with adjustable size, the rotary resistance can be formed by wrapping a layer of friction plate with adjustable tightness outside the rotating shaft, and the friction plate is large when the friction plate is tightly contacted like a brake plate and is not easy to rotate. As long as the torque of the rotational resistance on the rotating shaft of the speed division gear is larger than the torque difference value between the mandrel gear and the output shaft gear when the rotating shaft has no resistance, the purpose of unifying the rotating speeds of the mandrel gear and the output shaft gear can be achieved. Considering the condition that the autorotation resistance of the rotation shaft of the speed division gear is infinite: the speed-dividing gear and the output shaft gear are in a rigid meshing relationship, even if the mandrel gear does not exist, the revolution of the speed-dividing gear is directly transferred to the output shaft gear to drive the output shaft gear to rotate, but the purpose of quick start of the rotor cannot be realized by the arrangement; the rotation resistance of the rotation shaft of the speed-dividing gear is adjusted from infinity to be lower than the rotation resistance of the output shaft gear, the speed-dividing gear starts to rotate until the rotation resistance is lower than the rotation resistance of the output shaft gear, after the rotation speed of the output shaft is increased, the torque of the speed-dividing gear reduces the rotation resistance of the low-speed-dividing gear, and the speed-dividing gear stops rotating again. The mode of overcoming the torque difference between the output shaft and the mandrel can slightly influence the speed increasing speed of the rotor when the rotor is started, and the rotation resistance of the speed-dividing gear can be converted into the revolution resistance of a part of the rotor when the mandrel and the output shaft have the rotation speed difference;

another way to overcome the torque difference between the output shaft and the mandrel is: adding a friction torque between the end of the mandrel assembly and the end of the output shaft assembly, which increases as the speed of the output shaft increases:

the mandrel assembly further comprises a mandrel fastener arranged at one end, close to the output shaft, of the mandrel, the output shaft assembly further comprises an output shaft fastener arranged at one end, close to the mandrel, of the output shaft, the mandrel fastener and the output shaft fastener are arranged in a face-to-face mode, and the output shaft fastener and the mandrel fastener have gradually-rising friction force according to the rising of the rotating speed of the output shaft fastener.

The mandrel fastener comprises a disc, an insert rod and a first spring, the disc is sleeved and locked on the mandrel, a plurality of insert rod holes are formed in the surface, facing the output shaft fastener, of the disc, locking threads are formed in the surface sections of the insert rod holes, insert rod threads are formed in the middle of the insert rod, the insert rod is inserted into the insert rod holes, the first spring is arranged in the insert rod holes and tightly pushes the insert rod outwards, and the insert rod threads are screwed with unthreaded hole sections which are located inside the insert rod holes after penetrating through the locking threads;

the output shaft fastener comprises a mounting seat, a centrifugal block, a sliding block and a second spring, the mounting seat is sleeved and locked on the output shaft, a groove is formed in one side, facing the mandrel fastener, of the mounting seat surface, a sliding block is arranged in the groove and slides along the axial direction of the output shaft, one side, facing away from the mandrel fastener, of the sliding block is a conical surface, the conical top of the conical surface faces the mandrel fastener, the centrifugal block is arranged between the conical surface and the inner end face of the mounting seat groove, the second spring is arranged on one side, facing away from the centrifugal block, of the sliding block and tightly pushes the sliding block towards the centrifugal block, hemispherical pits the number of which is the same as that of the inserted bars are formed in the end face, facing the inserted bars.

The method is characterized in that a part of rotation resistance is given to the mandrel through impact sliding friction of the insert rod and a hemispherical pit on the surface of the slide block, when the rotation speed of the output shaft is near zero, the centrifugal block is positioned at a smaller radial position under the extrusion of the slide block towards the centrifugal block, the slide block is also positioned at a position far away from the mandrel, the force of the insert rod in the hemispherical pit is also smaller, then along with the increase of the rotation speed of the output shaft, the centrifugal block is radially far away from the axis and pushes the slide block axially, the insert rod is pushed into an insert rod hole and extrudes a first spring, so that the abutting force of the insert rod and the slide block is larger, the torque of the mandrel obtained from the output shaft is larger, along with the increase of the rotation speed of the output shaft, the abutting force between the insert rod and the slide block is larger, and in the process of gradually consistent speeds, the mandrel and the: the inserted link inserts in the hemisphere pit, and dabber fastener and output shaft fastener are complete the lock, and dabber and output shaft speed are identical completely.

Compared with the mode of adding the rotation resistance on the rotation shaft of the speed division gear in the prior art, the method for overcoming the torque difference between the output shaft and the mandrel has a complex structure, but the method does not influence the rapid speed increase of the rotor when the motor is started, namely: the starting current is kept at a low level.

Furthermore, a flange plate is arranged at one end of the shell, and the output shaft extends out of the shell from the flange plate. The flange plate is used as a centering connection structure of the output end and can be connected with a universal flange, so that the applicability of the motor is kept.

Further, the output shaft is supported and mounted on the bearing seat adjacent to the flange plate through three rows of bearings. The rotor and the mandrel are long in axial distance, a proper position can be found in the shell for double-end support, and the outward side of the output shaft is free of other functional structural parts, so that the position is simplified, the double-end support mode occupies excessive axial length, the output shaft is supported by a cantilever through a long three-row bearing, the axial distance is saved, and the double-end support can be arranged to improve the shafting stability without axial space cost.

Further, the mandrel is supported and installed at the central position of the rotor body through a bearing, namely, the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing between the mandrel and the rotor body are respectively contacted with the mandrel and the rotor body.

The mandrel can be supported by the bearing only by finding the position, no matter whether the outer ring of the bearing is directly connected to the shell or connected to the inner ring of the rotating rotor; if the spindle is directly connected to the casing through the bearing, the bearing supporting the spindle can always keep a rotating state, the bearing can generate heat when rotating, and when the bearing is supported on the rotor, the bearing between the rotor and the spindle does not rotate relatively to the inner ring and the outer ring after the rotating speeds of the rotor and the spindle are consistent, the bearing does not have friction heat, and the construction of a temperature environment inside the motor is facilitated.

Further, the first spring is a belleville spring. The belleville spring realizes larger elasticity in a shorter axial distance, and the stacked installation mode is convenient for structural installation.

Further, the centrifugal block is spherical. The centrifugal block is spherical, so that universal shaking can be allowed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, through the split structure of the output shaft, the mandrel and the rotor and the speed coupling of the gear set, when the motor is started, the rotor can be quickly started in a low-torque state, power is continuously loaded on the output shaft to promote the rotating speed of the output shaft to be increased, and the rotor is quickly started in the low-torque state, so that a large-current stage at the starting part can be crossed on an external electric curve of the motor, the stability of a power grid is facilitated, particularly for a large motor, the starting current is greatly reduced, and the wiring cost of a special cable can be effectively reduced; compared with a voltage reduction starting mode such as star-delta starting, under the condition that the starting current is not increased or even reduced, extra starting control is not needed.

Drawings

In order that the present invention may be more readily and clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rotor according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mandrel assembly and output shaft assembly of the present invention in a position proximate the ends thereof;

FIG. 4 is a first schematic view of a first embodiment of a mandrel fastener and an output shaft fastener of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a second structural schematic diagram of the mandrel fastener and the output shaft fastener of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-machine shell, 11-bearing seat, 12-flange, 2-stator, 3-rotor, 30-rotor axis, 31-rotor iron core, 32-rotor body, 33-speed-dividing gear, 4-core shaft component, 41-core shaft, 42-core shaft gear, 43-core shaft fastener, 431-disk, 4311-plug-in component hole and 4312-locking screw thread, 432-bayonet, 4321-bayonet thread, 433-first spring, 5-output shaft assembly, 51-output shaft, 52-output shaft gear, 53-output shaft fastener, 531-mounting seat, 532-centrifugal block, 533-sliding block, 5331-conical surface, 5332-hemispherical pit, 534-second spring, 6-bearing, 61-three row bearing.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a quick-start excitation high-efficiency alternating current motor comprises a casing 1, a stator 2, a rotor 3, a mandrel component 4 and an output shaft component 5, wherein the inner wall of the casing 1 is provided with the annular stator 2, a plurality of bearing seats 11 extend out from the inner wall of the casing 1 to provide support positions for rotating components, and the rotor 3, the mandrel component 4 and the output shaft component 5 are directly or indirectly supported and arranged on the bearing seats 11 through bearings 6; dabber subassembly 4, output shaft subassembly 5 coaxial installation, dabber subassembly 4, the respective one end of output shaft subassembly 5 faces each other, 3 installation axes of rotor coincide with 4 axes of dabber subassembly, rotor 3 includes rotor core 31, rotor core 31 is adjacent with stator 2, stator 2 is rotatory through electromagnetic force

drive rotor core

31, 3 tip of rotor and dabber subassembly 4, the one end that output shaft subassembly 5 faced carries out speed coupling through the gear train, output shaft subassembly 5 passes casing 1 side and stretches out the shell outside as the motor output.

Traditionally, because the output shaft directly links rotor core, so, when having great load on the output shaft, because the rotational speed has not improved, so load power mainly reflects by great torque, this great torque has restricted the quick improvement of rotational speed on the rotor, and rotor speed improves slowly, when the initial stage rotational speed of start-up is very low, will appear the condition of heavy current, and heavy current is used for the excitation of stator 2, overcomes the rotor moment of torsion. In this application, make the transmission structure of components of a whole that can function independently with rotor 3 and output shaft subassembly 5, set up a mandrel component 4 in 3 central point on the rotor, rotor 3, mandrel component 4, 5 three of output shaft subassembly carry out the gear train as the components of a whole that can function independently structure and connect, at the start-up stage of motor, the spin resistance on the rotor 3 is not very high, so its rotational speed can improve fast, under a high speed condition, drive the rotation of output shaft subassembly 5 gradually, until output shaft subassembly 5 reaches rated revolution, because the rotational speed of rotor 3 improves very fast, and starting resistance is very little, so, the starting current of this motor is very little, starting current is along with the improvement of 5 rotational speeds of output shaft subassembly and constantly improves, accord with common power rising curve. The problem of occupying excessive power grid resources does not exist.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the rotor 3 further includes a rotor body 32, the overall axis of the rotor 3 is the rotor axis 30, one end of the rotor body 32 along the rotor axis 30 is provided with a speed-dividing gear 33 through a bearing 6, the speed-dividing gear 33 is driven by the rotor body 32 to revolve along the axis of the rotor body 32, the axis of the speed-dividing gear 33 is perpendicular to and intersects with the rotor axis 30, and the speed-dividing gear 33 can rotate along the axis thereof; the mandrel assembly 4 comprises a mandrel 41 and a mandrel gear 42, the mandrel 41 is fixedly connected with the mandrel gear 42 at one end of the mandrel 41 close to the output shaft assembly 5, the rotation axis of the mandrel gear 42 is the axis of the mandrel 41, the mandrel gear 42 is a plane disc gear or a bevel gear, the mandrel gear 42 is in meshed connection with the speed dividing gear 33, the output shaft assembly 5 comprises an output shaft 51 and an output shaft gear 52, the output shaft 51 is fixedly connected with the output shaft gear 52 at one end of the output shaft 51 close to the mandrel assembly 4, the rotation axis of the output shaft gear 52 is the axis of the output shaft 51, and the output shaft gear 52.

The speed of the rotor 3 is increased without being limited by the initial torque on the output shaft 51, and is realized by the speed dividing gear 33, the spindle gear 42 and the output shaft gear 52, as shown in fig. 3, when the motor is started, firstly the speed dividing gear 33 starts to rotate and revolves around the axis of the spindle 41, because the starting resistance of the output shaft gear 52 fixedly connected with the output shaft 51 is large, the output shaft gear 52 does not rotate at the beginning, and the spindle gear 42 and the spindle 41 on the other side do not have any rotation resistance, then the revolution of the speed dividing gear 33 is transmitted to the spindle gear 42 to drive the spindle gear 42 to rotate, because the spindle gear 42 on one side of the speed dividing gear 33 rotates and the output shaft gear 52 on the other side does not rotate, the self-rotation caused by the speed difference of the two side gears occurs, when the resistance on the output shaft 51 is infinite, the rotation resistance of the speed dividing gear 33 is small, and the infinite resistance is infinite, When the rotation resistance of the spindle gear 42 is infinitely small, the state is always: the output shaft gear 52 is in a state of not rotating, the speed-dividing gear 33 rotates and revolves, and the spindle gear 42 rotates, however, as long as the speed-dividing gear 33 has a certain rotation resistance, a part of the rotation speed is transmitted to the output shaft gear 52, the torque resistance of the output shaft gear 52 is smaller and smaller as the rotation speed of the output shaft gear 52 is increased, because the load power is equal to the product of the rotation speed and the torque, the rotation speed of the output shaft gear 52 is increased, and the rotation speed of the speed-dividing gear 33 is lower and lower as the rotation speed of the output shaft gear is close to that of the spindle gear 42;

in the final state: the revolution speed of the differential gear 33 is equal to the rotation speeds of the spindle gear 42 and the output shaft gear 52, and the rotation speed of the differential gear 33 is zero. The revolution speed of the speed-dividing gear 33 is the number of revolutions that the rotor core 31 is driven by the stator 2.

It should be noted that: since the spindle 41 has no rotation resistance (neglected system friction and resistance), and the output shaft 51 has torque resistance on its axis even if the speed is increased, this torque difference will result in the difference between the rotation speeds of the spindle gear 42 and the output shaft gear 52, so if the revolution speed of the speed-dividing gear 33 is exactly equal to the rotation speed of the output shaft gear 52, a corresponding structure should be provided to overcome the torque difference, and this torque difference is overcome by two ways:

the first method is as follows: the rotating shaft of the speed-dividing gear 33 has a rotation resistance with adjustable size, and the rotation resistance can be obtained by wrapping a friction plate with adjustable tightness outside the rotating shaft, and the friction force is large when the friction plate is tightly contacted like a brake plate, so that the rotation resistance is not easy to rotate. As long as the resistance torque on the rotation axis of the differential gear 33 is larger than the torque difference between the spindle gear 42 and the output shaft gear 52 when the rotation axis is not resistant, the purpose of unifying the rotation speeds of the spindle gear 42 and the output shaft gear 52 can be achieved. Consider the case where the rotational resistance of the differential gear 33 is infinite: the speed-dividing gear 33 and the output shaft gear 52 are in a rigid meshing relationship, even if the spindle gear 42 does not exist, the revolution of the speed-dividing gear 33 is directly transferred to the output shaft gear 52 to drive the output shaft gear to rotate, but the purpose of quick start of the rotor cannot be realized by the arrangement; the rotation resistance of the rotation shaft of the differential gear 33 is infinitely reduced until the rotation resistance of the rotation shaft becomes lower than the rotation resistance of the output shaft gear 52, and when the rotation speed of the output shaft 51 is increased, the torque decreases to reduce the rotation resistance of the rotation shaft of the differential gear 33, and the rotation of the rotation shaft of the differential gear 33 is stopped again. This way of overcoming the torque difference between the output shaft 51 and the spindle 41 slightly affects the speed increase rate of the rotor 3 at the time of starting, because the rotation resistance of the speed-dividing gear 33 is converted into a part of the revolution resistance of the rotor 3 when there is a rotational speed difference between the spindle 41 and the output shaft 51;

another way to overcome the torque difference between the output shaft 51 and the spindle 41 is: at the end of the spindle assembly 4 and at the end of the output shaft assembly 5, a friction torque is applied between them which increases as the speed of the output shaft 51 increases:

as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the spindle assembly 4 further includes a spindle fastener 43 disposed at one end of the spindle 41 adjacent to the output shaft 51, the output shaft assembly 5 further includes an output shaft fastener 53 disposed at one end of the output shaft 51 adjacent to the spindle 41, the spindle fastener 43 and the output shaft fastener 53 are arranged in a face-to-face manner, and the output shaft fastener 53 has gradually increasing friction with the spindle fastener 43 according to the increase of the rotation speed thereof.

The mandrel fastener 43 comprises a disc 431, an inserted bar 432 and a first spring 433, the disc 431 is sleeved and locked on the mandrel 41, the surface of the disc 431 facing the output shaft fastener 53 is provided with a plurality of inserted bar holes 4311, the surface section of each inserted bar hole 4311 is provided with a locking thread 4312, the middle part of each inserted bar 432 is provided with an inserted bar thread 4321, the inserted bar 432 is inserted into the inserted bar hole 4311, the first spring 433 is arranged in the inserted bar hole 4311 and tightly pushes the inserted bar 432 outwards, and the inserted bar thread 4321 is screwed into a smooth hole section which passes through the locking thread 4312 and then is positioned in the inserted bar hole 4311;

the output shaft fastener 53 comprises a mounting seat 531, a centrifugal block 532, a sliding block 533 and a second spring 534, the mounting seat 531 is sleeved and locked on the output shaft 51, a groove is formed in one side, facing the spindle fastener 43, of the mounting seat 531, the sliding block 533 is arranged in the groove, the sliding block 533 slides axially along the output shaft 51, a conical surface 5331 is arranged on one side, facing away from the spindle fastener 43, of the sliding block 533, the conical top of the conical surface 5331 faces the spindle fastener 43, the centrifugal block 532 is arranged between the conical surface 5331 and the inner end surface of the groove of the mounting seat 531, the second spring 534 is arranged on one side, facing away from the centrifugal block 532, of the sliding block 533 and tightly supports the sliding block 533 towards the centrifugal block 532, the end surface, facing the plunger 432, of the sliding block 533 is provided with the same number of hemispherical recesses 5332 as the plungers 432, and the radial distances.

When the rotation speed of the output shaft 51 is near zero, the centrifugal block 532 is located at a smaller radial position pressed by the slider 533 and the slider 533 is located at a position farther from the spindle 41, the force of the plunger 432 against the hemispherical pit 5332 is smaller, then as the rotation speed of the output shaft 51 increases, the centrifugal block 532 is radially away from the axis to push the slider 533 axially, the plunger 432 is pushed into the plunger hole 4311 to press the first spring 433, so that the pressing force of the plunger 432 and the slider 533 is larger, the torque of the spindle 41 taken from the output shaft 51 is larger, as the rotation speed of the output shaft 51 increases, the pressing force between the plunger 432 and the slider 533 is larger, and as the speed gradually conforms, the spindle 41 and the output shaft 51 become an integral body, the final state of the process is: the inserting rod 432 is inserted into the hemispherical recess 5332, the spindle fastener 43 and the output shaft fastener 53 are completely fastened, and the speed of the spindle 41 and the speed of the output shaft 51 are completely consistent.

Compared with the method of adding the rotation resistance to the rotation shaft of the speed-dividing gear 33 in the foregoing, the method for overcoming the torque difference between the output shaft 51 and the spindle 41 has a somewhat complicated structure, but the method does not affect the rapid speed increase of the rotor 3 when the motor is started, that is: the starting current is kept at a low level.

As shown in fig. 1, a flange 12 is disposed at one end of the housing 1, and the output shaft 51 extends out of the housing 1 from the flange 12. The flange plate 12 is used as a centering connection structure of an output end and can be connected with a universal flange, so that the applicability of the motor is kept.

The output shaft 51 is supported by three rows of bearings 61 on the bearing housing 11 adjacent the flange 12. The rotor 3 and the mandrel 4 have a long axial distance, so that a proper position can be found in the casing 1 for double-end support, and the outward side of the output shaft 51 has no other functional structural members, so that the position is simplified, and the double-end support occupies too much axial length, so that the output shaft 51 uses a long three-row bearing for cantilever support, which is a method for saving the axial distance, and certainly, the double-end support can be arranged without axial space cost to improve the shafting stability.

As shown in fig. 1, the spindle 41 is supported and mounted at the center of the rotor body 32 through the bearing 6, that is, the inner and outer rings of the bearing between the spindle 41 and the rotor body 32 are respectively in contact with the spindle 41 and the rotor body 32.

The mandrel 41 can be supported by the bearing as long as the position is found, no matter whether the outer ring of the bearing is directly connected to the machine shell 1 or connected to the inner ring of the rotating rotor 3; if the spindle 41 is directly connected to the casing 1 through the bearing, the bearing supporting the spindle 41 will always keep rotating, the bearing will generate heat, and when the bearing is supported on the rotor 3, the bearing between the rotor 3 and the spindle 41 will not rotate relatively with the inner and outer rings after the rotation speed of the rotor 3 is consistent with that of the spindle 41, and the bearing will not generate friction heat, which is beneficial to the construction of the temperature environment inside the motor.

The first spring 433 is a belleville spring. The belleville spring realizes larger elasticity in a shorter axial distance, and the stacked installation mode is convenient for structural installation.

The centrifugal mass 532 is spherical. The centrifugal mass 532 is spherical to allow universal wobble.

The main operation process of the motor is as follows: the motor is started, the stator 2 is electrified and excited, the rotor 3 is not directly connected with the output shaft 51 and has no load torque loaded on the rotor, the rotating speed of the rotor 3 is quickly increased to a rated rotating speed, the rotating speed is also quickly increased along with the spindle 41, the rotating speed of the output shaft gear 52 is slowly increased under the driving of a point speed, the torque is reduced when the rotating speed is increased, the rotating speed of the output shaft 51 tends to the spindle 41 because the speed dividing gear 33 has self-rotation resistance or a friction fastener arranged at the connecting end of the spindle 41 and the output shaft 51, and in a final state, the output shaft 51 and the spindle 41 have the same rotating speed, the self-rotation of the speed dividing gear 33 disappears, only the self-rotation around the axis of the.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a high-efficient AC motor of quick start formula excitation which characterized in that: the motor comprises a machine shell (1), a stator (2), a rotor (3), a mandrel component (4) and an output shaft component (5), wherein the annular stator (2) is installed on the inner wall of the machine shell (1), a plurality of bearing seats (11) are further extended out of the inner wall of the machine shell (1) and used for providing supporting positions for a rotating part, and the rotor (3), the mandrel component (4) and the output shaft component (5) are directly or indirectly supported and installed on the bearing seats (11) through bearings (6); the spindle assembly (4) and the output shaft assembly (5) are coaxially mounted, one ends of the spindle assembly (4) and the output shaft assembly (5) face each other, the mounting axis of the rotor (3) is overlapped with the axis of the spindle assembly (4), the rotor (3) comprises a rotor core (31), the rotor core (31) is adjacent to the stator (2), the stator (2) drives the rotor core (31) to rotate through electromagnetic force, the facing ends of the end part of the rotor (3) and the spindle assembly (4) and the output shaft assembly (5) are subjected to speed coupling through a gear set, and the output shaft assembly (5) penetrates through the side face of the machine shell (1) and extends out of the machine shell to serve as a motor output end;

the rotor (3) further comprises a rotor body (32), the integral axis of the rotor (3) is a rotor axis (30), a speed-dividing gear (33) is mounted at one end of the rotor body (32) along the rotor axis (30) through a bearing (6), the speed-dividing gear (33) is driven by the rotor body (32) to revolve along the axis of the rotor body (32), the axis of the speed-dividing gear (33) is perpendicular to and intersected with the rotor axis (30), and the speed-dividing gear (33) can rotate along the axis of the speed-dividing gear; the mandrel assembly (4) comprises a mandrel (41) and a mandrel gear (42), the mandrel (41) is fixedly connected with the mandrel gear (42) at one end, close to the output shaft assembly (5), of the mandrel (41), the rotation axis of the mandrel gear (42) is the axis of the mandrel (41), the mandrel gear (42) is in meshed connection with the speed-dividing gear (33), the output shaft assembly (5) comprises an output shaft (51) and an output shaft gear (52), the output shaft (51) is fixedly connected with the output shaft gear (52) at one end, close to the mandrel assembly (4), of the output shaft (52), the rotation axis of the output shaft gear (52) is the axis of the output shaft (51), and the output shaft gear (52) is in meshed connection with the speed-;

a flange plate (12) is arranged at one end of the shell (1), and the output shaft (51) extends out of the shell (1) from the flange plate (12);

the mandrel (41) is supported and installed at the central position of the rotor body (32) through a bearing (6).

2. A fast-start, excited high-efficiency ac machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the output shaft (51) is supported and mounted on the bearing seat (11) adjacent to the flange plate (12) through three rows of bearings (61).