CN112526934A - Rotating shaft control device of numerical control machine tool and control method thereof - Google Patents
Rotating shaft control device of numerical control machine tool and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112526934A CN112526934A CN202011422226.2A CN202011422226A CN112526934A CN 112526934 A CN112526934 A CN 112526934A CN 202011422226 A CN202011422226 A CN 202011422226A CN 112526934 A CN112526934 A CN 112526934A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/414—Structure of the control system, e.g. common controller or multiprocessor systems, interface to servo, programmable interface controller
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rotating shaft control device of a numerical control machine tool, which comprises a controller, a motor driver and a hand wheel, wherein the controller is independent of the CNC machine tool and comprises a data processing unit, a CNC232 communication interface, a transfer station used for connecting the CNC232 communication interface and the CNC machine tool, a CNC input/output interface connected with the CNC machine tool, a driver input/output interface connected with the motor driver, a hand wheel communication interface used for connecting with the hand wheel, a mode selection switch used for selecting a communication protocol format and an indicator lamp, and the transfer station comprises a circuit board, an external memory arranged on the circuit board, a master control communication chip, a first port connected with the CNC232 communication interface and a second port connected with the CNC machine tool. The invention also discloses a control method of the rotating shaft of the numerical control machine tool. The device and the method for controlling the rotating shaft of the numerical control machine tool improve the universality of the numerical control machine tool and improve the productivity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machining, and particularly relates to a rotating shaft control device and a rotating shaft control method of a numerical control machine tool.
Background
A CNC (computerized Numerical Control), which is a Numerical Control machine tool, is a high-precision, high-efficiency automatic machine tool that automatically processes a workpiece according to a processing program programmed in advance. At present, most numerical control system manufacturers only open a three-axis (usually X, Y, Z three orthogonal linear coordinate axes) machining function for a domestic CNC machine tool, and additional expansion is needed if more axial machining functions need to be added. In the expanded machining function, "rotating shaft" machining is common, namely, rotating machining is performed around an X axis or a Y axis, wherein a rotating shaft rotating around the X axis is called a fourth axis, a rotating shaft rotating around the Y axis is called a fifth axis, and a control mode mainly adopts a bus communication mode owned by a numerical control system to realize rotation along the X axis or the Y axis.
However, the addition of the fourth axis and the fifth axis machining function can be realized only by finding out the original numerical control system manufacturer to open the corresponding authority and purchasing the driver and the motor matched with the original numerical control system manufacturer, because the drivers, the motors and the like among different numerical control system manufacturers cannot be shared frequently, and the universality is poor. For example, if the fourth axis or the fifth axis function is added by using the numerical control system of the family of japan (FAUNC), only the servo controller and the motor manufactured by the company of the family of japan can be purchased, and the servo controller and the motor manufactured by the company of siemens (SIMENS) in germany cannot be used.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rotating shaft control device of a numerical control machine tool and a control method thereof, which have the advantages of higher universality, lower cost and higher processing efficiency.
The utility model provides a rotation axis controlling means of digit control machine tool, which comprises a controller, motor drive and hand wheel, the controller is independent of the CNC lathe, including the data processing unit, CNC232 communication interface, a transfer station for connecting CNC232 communication interface and CNC lathe, the CNC input/output interface of being connected with the CNC lathe, the driver input/output interface of being connected with motor drive, a hand wheel communication interface for being connected with the hand wheel, a mode selection switch and an pilot lamp for selecting the communication protocol format, the transfer station includes the circuit board and locates the outer memory on the circuit board, the master control communication chip, the first port of being connected with CNC232 communication interface and the second port of being connected with CNC lathe USB port.
Furthermore, the main control communication chip reads data in the external memory, outputs the data to the data processing unit of the controller through the first port, receives the data from the first port, and writes the data into the external memory.
Further, the external memory is an external memory of the controller, data are stored and transferred between the CNC machine tool and the controller, and the first port and the second port are electrically connected with the external memory through the master control communication chip.
Furthermore, the first port is a USB plug which conforms to the RS232 communication protocol and uses three leads of RXD, TXD and GND, and the second port is a USB plug.
Furthermore, the external memory and the master control communication chip are arranged on the same side face of the circuit board, the first port and the second port are arranged on the other side face of the circuit board, and the first port and the second port are respectively arranged at two opposite ends of the circuit board.
The invention also provides a rotating shaft control method of the numerical control machine tool, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: writing a macroprogram
Step two: executing the macro program and outputting the equipment communication data;
step three: writing the equipment communication data into a file and storing the file in a transfer station;
step four: it is confirmed whether the file writing is successful,
if not, giving an alarm, and if not,
if yes, executing the step five: calling the file and sending an instruction to the rotating shaft;
step six: the rotating shaft executes the command.
Further, the control method of the rotating shaft of the numerical control machine tool further comprises the following steps: step seven: and performing result feedback.
Because a new control path for communicating the machine tool numerical control system of the CNC machine tool with the external equipment is provided, and data interaction with the external equipment is realized through the transfer station and the file read-write transmission function of the machine tool numerical control system, the invention is a breakthrough of the communication limitation of the machine tool numerical control system without providing or opening the communication function, even for the CNC machine tool which can adopt the traditional I/O mode communication, because of the limitation of the I/O mode communication, the technical scheme of the invention utilizes the transfer station, the USB and the RS232 to communicate, meets the requirements of stable and complex processing, realizes the communication control of the machine tool numerical control system and an external additional rotating shaft, meets and improves the universality of the CNC machine tool, matches the machine tool with different processing requirements, optimizes the process flow, improves the productivity and yield, and maximizes the use benefit of the machine tool as far as possible.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rotating shaft control device of a numerically controlled machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a face a of the transfer station of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a B-side of the transfer station of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a rotation axis control device of a Numerical control machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cnc (computerized Numerical control) machine tool 10, a controller 20, a motor driver 30, and a hand wheel 40. The CNC machine tool rotating shaft refers to an external fourth shaft or a fifth shaft, wherein the fourth shaft rotates around the X-axis direction, and the fifth shaft rotates around the Y-axis direction.
The Controller 20 includes a data processing Unit (MCU: micro Controller Unit) 21, a CNC232 communication interface 22, a transfer station 23, a CNC input/output interface 24, a driver 485 input/output interface 25, a hand wheel 485 communication interface 26, a mode selection switch 27, and an LED indicator 28. In the embodiment of the invention, unless otherwise specified, RS232 and RS485 are both serial communication protocols.
The data processing unit 21 is used for data analysis, interface control, data storage and the like. The CNC232 communication interface 22 is used for connection and communication between the data processing unit 21 and the communication port of the transfer station 23. The transfer station 23 is connected between the CNC232 communication interface 22 and the CNC machine 10 for communication and data transfer storage.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the transfer station 23 includes a circuit board 231, an external memory 232, a main control communication chip 233, a first port 234 and a second port 235. The external memory 232 and the main control communication chip 233 are disposed on the same side of the circuit board 231, the first port 234 and the second port 235 are disposed on the other side of the circuit board 231, and the first port 234 and the second port 235 are disposed at opposite ends of the circuit board 231, respectively.
The external memory 232 is an external memory of the controller 20, and is used for data transfer and storage, and mainly receives and stores data sent from the CNC machine 10 through the first port 234 (USB port), including machine parameters, machining programs, and the like, and specifically, the master control communication chip 233 reads the data in the external memory 232 and sends the data to peripheral devices (four-axis, manipulator, CCD, printer, and the like) through the first port 234. A metal shell (not labeled) is welded on the circuit board 231, and the external memory is accommodated in the metal shell to play roles of shielding, protecting and the like. When the first port 234 receives data sent by the peripheral device, the received data is directly written into the external memory 232, and at the same time, the CNC machine 10 can directly read the data in the external memory 232 through the second port 235, so as to form a closed loop of independent data communication relative to the CNC machine. The main control communication chip 233 is used for data reading and writing and transmission, and is responsible for reading data in the external memory 232, sending the data to a peripheral device through the first port 234, receiving the data sent from the first port 234, and writing the data into the external memory 232 in time. The first port 234 is a communication interface conforming to the RS232 standard protocol. The RS232 serial interface standard specifies that a DB-25 connector with 25 pins is adopted, the IBM simplifies the RS232 into a DB-9 connector, in the embodiment, the first port 234 is an RS232 interface, and only three leads of RXD, TXD and GND are used, so that in the embodiment, the number of pins of the first port 234 is less, the use and the operation are more convenient, the size is smaller, a USB plug is selected, and the three leads of RXD, TXD and GND are used. The second port 235 is also a USB plug for data transfer with the CNC machine 10.
The CNC machine input/output interface 24 is used for input and output ports of I/O communication mode, transmitting emergency stop signals, completion signals, etc., and the CNC machine 10 further includes a USB port connected with the second port 235.
The driver RS485 communication interface unit 25 is used for RS485 communication with the motor driver.
The handwheel RS485 communication interface unit 26 is used for communicating with the handwheel 40. The working modes of the numerical control machine tool rotating shaft control system comprise an automatic mode and a manual mode, the automatic mode of the numerical control machine tool rotating shaft control system is controlled through the controller 20 and the motor driver 30, and the manual mode of the numerical control machine tool rotating shaft control system is controlled through the hand wheel 40, the hand wheel RS485 communication interface unit 26 and the motor driver 30.
The mode selection switch 27 selects different communication modes by a plurality of switches when turned on.
And the LED indicator light 28 is used for indicating various states during working, such as communication indication, input and output port indication, completion signals, emergency stop signals and the like.
The controller 20 further includes a DC-DC unit (not shown), the driver RS485 communication interface unit 25 provides a 24V DC power supply to the DC-DC unit to generate two paths of voltages, one path of 5V is provided to the RS232 isolation power supply and the hand wheel power supply of the CNC machine tool, and the other path is provided to the data processing unit (MCU) 21, the hand wheel 485 communication unit, and the driver RS485 communication unit. The isolated power supply generates 5V power supply to the CNC machine RS232 communication interface unit 22.
In order to realize safe and stable operation of the system, the controller 20 further includes a CNC machine input and output isolation driving unit (not shown), a driver input and output isolation driving unit (not shown), and the like.
The invention will be further explained and explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments in the description. The step numbers in the embodiments of the present invention are set for convenience of illustration only, the order between the steps is not limited at all, and the execution order of each step in the embodiments can be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.
Please refer to fig. 4, which is a method for controlling a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine according to the present invention, the method includes the following steps:
step S1: writing a macro program;
step S2: executing the macro program and outputting the equipment communication data;
step S3: writing the equipment communication data into a file and storing the file in a transfer station;
step S4: it is confirmed whether the file writing is successful,
if not, giving an alarm, and if not,
if yes, go to step S5: calling the file and sending an instruction to external equipment;
step S6: the external device executes the instructions.
Further, the above steps further include: step S7: and performing result feedback.
Specifically, the above steps are further described in detail as follows: inputting a programmed macro program into a numerical control system of the CNC machine tool 10; the numerical control system executes the macro program to obtain equipment communication data; the device communication data write file is stored in the external memory 232 of the transfer station 23; the data processing unit 21 confirms whether the file writing is successful, and if the file writing is unsuccessful, an alarm is given; if successful, the data processing unit 21 retrieves the file and sends an instruction to an external device (in this embodiment, the motor driver 30, the rotating shaft, etc.), and the external device executes the instruction (in this embodiment, the motor driver 30 controls the motor to drive the rotating shaft to rotate). The motor driver 30 feeds back the execution result to the controller 20, and may display the result on the operation panel of the CNC machine 10.
In the above embodiment, because a novel control path for communicating the machine tool numerical control system of the CNC machine with the external device is provided, and data interaction with the external device is realized through the transfer station and the file read-write transmission function of the machine tool numerical control system, which is a breakthrough of the communication limitation of the machine tool system without providing or opening a communication function, even for the numerical control machine which can communicate in the traditional I/O mode, due to the limitations of the I/O mode communication, such as poor stability of I/O signals, slow response speed, low safety, and the like, the technical solution of the present invention utilizes the transfer station, USB, RS232 communication to satisfy the requirements of stable and complex processing, realizes the communication control of the machine tool numerical control system and the external additional rotating shaft, satisfies and improves the universality of the numerical control machine, and meets the different processing requirements of the machine tool, the process flow is optimized, the productivity and the yield are improved, and the maximum use benefit of the machine tool is achieved as far as possible. Through the additional rotating shaft, the multi-surface machining can be carried out under the condition that the jig is not replaced, and the solution can enable the additional shaft to be communicated with a machine tool system, so that the machining efficiency of the machine tool is improved.
The above embodiments have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the scope of the invention is covered thereby.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a rotation axis controlling means of digit control machine tool, includes controller, motor drive and hand wheel, its characterized in that: the controller is independent of the CNC machine tool, including data processing unit, CNC232 communication interface, be used for connecting the transfer station of CNC232 communication interface and CNC machine tool, the CNC input/output interface of being connected with the CNC machine tool, with the driver input/output interface that motor drive connects, be used for with hand wheel communication interface, the mode selection switch and the pilot lamp that are used for selecting the communication protocol format of hand wheel connection, the transfer station includes the circuit board and locates outer memory on the circuit board, master control communication chip, with the first port of CNC232 communication interface connection and with the second port of CNC machine tool USB port connection.
2. The rotation axis control device of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the main control communication chip reads the data in the external memory, outputs the data to the data processing unit of the controller through the first port, receives the data from the first port and writes the data into the external memory.
3. The rotating shaft control apparatus of a numerical control machine tool according to claim 2, wherein: the external memory is an external memory of the controller, data are stored and transferred between the CNC machine tool and the controller, and the first port and the second port are electrically connected with the external memory through the master control communication chip.
4. The rotation axis control device of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 3, wherein: the first port is a USB plug which accords with an RS232 communication protocol and uses three leads of RXD, TXD and GND, and the second port is a USB plug.
5. The rotation axis control device of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the external memory and the master control communication chip are arranged on the same side face of the circuit board, the first port and the second port are arranged on the other side face of the circuit board, and the first port and the second port are respectively arranged at the two opposite ends of the circuit board.
6. A method for controlling a rotating shaft of a numerically controlled machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: writing a macro program;
step two: executing the macro program and outputting the equipment communication data;
step three: writing the equipment communication data into a file and storing the file in a transfer station;
step four: it is confirmed whether the file writing is successful,
if not, giving an alarm, and if not,
if yes, executing the step five: calling the file and sending an instruction to the rotating shaft; and
step six: the rotating shaft executes the command.
7. The method for controlling a rotating shaft of a numerical control machine tool according to claim 6, further comprising: step seven: and performing result feedback.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011422226.2A CN112526934A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Rotating shaft control device of numerical control machine tool and control method thereof |
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| CN202011422226.2A CN112526934A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Rotating shaft control device of numerical control machine tool and control method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114237116A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-25 | 深圳市蓝蓝软件有限公司 | USB communication control device and communication control method for numerical control machine tool |
| CN116125913A (en) * | 2023-02-08 | 2023-05-16 | 深圳市博视精密机械有限公司 | TCP/IP-based numerical control machine tool communication system and working method |
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Application publication date: 20210319 |