CN112526519A - Radar capable of determining direction and accurately measuring speed - Google Patents
Radar capable of determining direction and accurately measuring speed Download PDFInfo
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- CN112526519A CN112526519A CN202110010335.1A CN202110010335A CN112526519A CN 112526519 A CN112526519 A CN 112526519A CN 202110010335 A CN202110010335 A CN 202110010335A CN 112526519 A CN112526519 A CN 112526519A
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- mounting surface
- radar
- protective shell
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/91—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for traffic control
- G01S13/92—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for traffic control for velocity measurement
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a radar capable of determining direction and accurately measuring speed, which is characterized by comprising a base, a cushion seat, a protective shell and a radar module, wherein the cushion seat is arranged on the base; the radar module is detachably arranged on the cushion seat and covered by the protective shell, the protective shell is detachably connected with one surface of the cushion seat, and the other surface of the cushion seat is detachably connected with the base; the protective housing comprises a top plate, two side ends of the top plate are respectively connected with a first mounting surface and one end of a second mounting surface which are obliquely arranged at 45 degrees, and the other ends of the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface are respectively connected with side plates arranged on two sides of the bottom plate. The radar of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, simple assembly, easy installation and fixation, small antenna interference and accurate test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of speed measuring radars, in particular to a radar capable of determining direction and accurately measuring speed.
Background
Along with the evolution of market, the improvement of technology, the measurement speed that can be accurate based on axle speedometer in the past, however, under the condition that the wheel appears skidding, will lead to the rotation angle of unable axle, come accurate speed measurement, subway (urban railway, high-speed railway) of high-speed operation, urgent need a radar product that accurate speed measurement to when the axle counter can't work correctly, the running speed of measurement train that still can be accurate.
At present, a speed measuring radar used on a train is realized by a protective shell with a DSP board, an independent antenna module, a larger transmitting angle and high precision. The method has the advantages of complex processing logic, complex system structure, high difficulty in installation and fixation, large antenna divergence angle, high possibility of interference, inaccurate measured value, calibration one by one, and larger volume, and further increases the risk of collision.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a radar capable of determining direction and accurately measuring speed, which has the advantages of simple structure, simplicity in assembly, easiness in installation and fixation, small antenna interference and accuracy in test.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the radar capable of determining the direction and accurately measuring the speed is characterized by comprising a base, a cushion seat, a protective shell and a radar module; the radar module is detachably arranged on the cushion seat and covered by the protective shell, the protective shell is detachably connected with one surface of the cushion seat, and the other surface of the cushion seat is detachably connected with the base;
the protective shell comprises a top plate, two side ends of the top plate are respectively connected with one end of a first mounting surface and one end of a second mounting surface which are obliquely arranged at an angle of 45 degrees, and the other ends of the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface are respectively connected with side plates arranged on two sides of a bottom plate;
the side plates comprise a first side plate and a second side plate, one end of the first side plate is connected with one end of the first mounting surface, and the other end of the first side plate is connected with one end of the bottom plate; one end of the second side plate is connected with one end of the second mounting surface, and the other end of the second side plate is connected with the other end of the bottom plate.
Preferably, in this technical solution, the bottom plate is a hollow frame.
Preferably, in this technical solution, the bottom plate, the side plate, the top plate, the first mounting surface, and the second mounting surface are integrally formed of plastic.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the bottom plate, the side plate, the top plate, the first mounting surface, and the second mounting surface have the same thickness.
Preferably, in the present invention, the thicknesses of the bottom plate, the side plate, the top plate, the first mounting surface, and the second mounting surface are equal to a dielectric wavelength.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, the base comprises a base body, and an installation groove for installing the radar module is formed in the middle of the base body; the long edge of the cushion seat body is provided with a clamping groove, and the size of the clamping groove is matched with the clamping strip on the bottom plate of the protective shell.
Preferably, in the present technical solution, the radar module includes a control unit, a power supply unit, a communication unit, a transceiver unit, and an antenna unit, wherein the control unit is connected to the power supply unit, the communication unit, the transceiver unit, and the antenna unit respectively; the transceiver unit is connected with the communication unit and the antenna unit respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the radar module is protected by the protective shell, so that interference can be reduced, and the test accuracy is improved.
2. The protective shell is simple in structure, convenient to assemble and install and easy to apply.
3. The protective shell is approximately funnel-shaped, and the top plates of the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface are inclined by 45 degrees, so that the divergence angle of an antenna signal of the antenna unit is limited by the transceiving matrix, and the divergence angle is threshy by the reflection and refraction of the uniform medium shell, thereby ensuring the minimum angle of the transmitting direction. Because the strongest mixed signal always comes from the motion of the object in the accurate direction, the interference of the motion of the object in other directions is avoided, and the accurate speed measurement can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a radar according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the protective case of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an elevational, cross-sectional view of the protective case of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a base according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a layer-by-layer framework of a radar module of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the radar assembly and application of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows the acceleration test results of the radar of the present invention at low and medium speeds;
FIG. 8 is a result of a deceleration test of the radar of the present invention at low and medium speeds;
FIG. 9 shows the result of the constant velocity test of the radar of the present invention at low and medium speeds;
FIG. 10 shows the results of the accelerated test at medium and high speed for the radar of the present invention;
FIG. 11 shows the results of the deceleration test of the radar of the present invention at medium and high speeds;
FIG. 12 shows the result of the constant velocity test of the radar of the present invention at medium and high speeds;
fig. 13 shows the slip of the radar of the present invention at the wheel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims, as well as in the drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.
It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present invention, the sequence numbers of the processes do not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of the processes should be determined by the functions and the internal logic of the processes, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.
It should be understood that in the present application, "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It should be understood that, in the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" is merely an association describing an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, for example, and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "comprises A, B and C" and "comprises A, B, C" means that all three of A, B, C comprise, "comprises A, B or C" means that one of A, B, C comprises, "comprises A, B and/or C" means that any 1 or any 2 or 3 of A, B, C comprises.
It should be understood that in the present invention, "B corresponding to a", "a corresponds to B", or "B corresponds to a" means that B is associated with a, and B can be determined from a. Determining B from a does not mean determining B from a alone, but may be determined from a and/or other information. And the matching of A and B means that the similarity of A and B is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value.
As used herein, "if" may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to a detection", depending on the context.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; details of the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the radar capable of determining an orientation and measuring a speed accurately according to the present invention at least includes a base 1, a base 2, a protective casing 3, and a radar module; the radar module is detachably installed on base 2, is covered by protective housing 3, and protective housing 3 is detachably connected with the one side of base 2, and the another side and the base 1 detachable connection of base 2.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the protective casing 3 includes a top plate 31, two side ends of the top plate 31 are respectively connected with one ends of a first mounting surface 32 and a second mounting surface 33 which are obliquely arranged at an angle of 30 ° -45 ° (noted as an angle a, preferably 45 °), and a plurality of second mounting holes 38 are arranged on the first mounting surface 32 and the second mounting surface 33 and used for mounting a first aluminum surface 35 and a second aluminum surface 36 so as to place a matrix antenna; specifically, the first aluminum surface 35 is fixed to the first mounting surface 32 by screwing into the second mounting hole 38, and the second aluminum surface 36 is also fixed to the second mounting surface 33 by screwing. The other ends of the first mounting surface 32 and the second mounting surface 33 are respectively connected with side plates arranged on two sides of the bottom plate 30; specifically, one end of the first side plate 391 is connected to one end of the first mounting surface 32, and the other end of the first side plate 391 is connected to one end of the bottom plate 30; one end of the second side plate 392 is connected to one end of the second mounting surface 33, and the other end of the second side plate 392 is connected to the other end of the base plate 30. Further preferably, the bottom plate 30 is a hollow frame shape, and encloses a protective case 3 with the side plate, the mounting surface, and the top plate. Further, still set up on the protective housing 3 by electric port 34 for penetrate the connecting wire and be connected with the radar module, electric port 34 establish on the curb plate the adaptation installation the position department can.
Further preferably, the bottom plate, the side plates, the mounting surface and the top plate are integrally formed of plastic for better sealing and protection against external interference.
Further preferably, the bottom plate, the side plate, the mounting surface and the top plate of the protective shell have uniform thickness, so that the protective shell with uniform thickness is arranged at the horizontal front position of the matrix antenna, the distance between the plane of the shell and the matrix antenna is greater than 1/2 air wavelength, and the thickness of the shell = medium wavelength or is close to medium wavelength; on one hand, the antenna is protected, and on the other hand, the divergence angle of original radio frequency signals = X degrees is reduced by 1/N (N > 1) based on the reflection and refraction principles of wireless signals, so that the divergence angle is reduced to the maximum extent, and the accurate relative speed of a moving object and the antenna in an accurate direction is measured.
Further, referring to fig. 4 in detail, in this embodiment, the base 2 includes a base body 20, a mounting groove 21 for mounting the radar module is formed in the middle of the base body 20, preferably, a clamping groove 22 is formed in a long side of the base body 20, the size of the clamping groove 22 is matched with a clamping strip (not shown in the figure) on the bottom plate 30 of the protective casing 3, and the base 2 and the protective casing 3 can be detachably connected after the clamping groove 22 is aligned with the clamping strip and clamped in the clamping strip. Further, glue may be applied to the strip and then snapped into the channel 22 to further seal and reinforce the connection.
Further, referring to fig. 5 in detail, in the present embodiment, the radar module at least includes a control unit 100, a power unit 101, a communication unit 102, a transceiver unit 103, and an antenna unit 104, wherein the control unit 100 is connected to the power unit 101, the communication unit 102, the transceiver unit 103, and the antenna unit 104 respectively; the transceiver 103 is connected to the communication unit 102 and the antenna unit 104, respectively.
Further, in the present embodiment, the control unit 100 includes an MCU processor and a functional unit. The MCU processor preferably adopts a singlechip with a built-in FFT acceleration DSP, such as an ARM CORTEX M4 kernel singlechip. The functional unit at least comprises an acceleration circuit, the acceleration circuit comprises an accelerometer chip and an auxiliary circuit, the accelerometer chip is preferably a 3-axis accelerometer chip (such as LIS2DE12TR of semiconductor), the pasting direction is horizontal to the PCB and vertical to the advancing direction, the azimuth angle of the PCB plane can be accurately measured, and the calibration verification with a reference angle (such as the PCB antenna emitting oppositely at an angle of 45 degrees) can be realized.
Further, in the present embodiment, the power supply unit 101 includes a modulation circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit, and the modulation circuit and the voltage stabilizing circuit can be implemented by using the prior art. The modulation circuit can provide conventional working voltage for the radar, and the voltage stabilizing circuit generally adopts a precise LDO voltage stabilizing chip to provide precise voltage stabilization for a radio frequency chip and a singlechip, so that interference noise cannot be introduced due to FFT calculation of a power supply/the singlechip. More specifically, based on the two-way LDO, the modulation circuit respectively and accurately stabilizes 5V voltage of the two-way to 3.3V voltage of the two-way, and the two-way voltage is respectively used by an MCU (micro controller unit) processor (single chip microcomputer) and a radio frequency chip, so that the instantaneous change of power caused by FFT (fast Fourier transform) calculation of the single chip microcomputer is prevented, the amplification of an I/Q (input/output) signal of the radio frequency chip on the precise operational amplifier is influenced, and the background.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, the communication unit 102 includes a wireless communication circuit and a serial port connector, both of which are implemented by using the prior art.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, the transceiver unit 103 includes a radio frequency chip, and the radio frequency chip mainly outputs the transmitted radio frequency signal to the transmitting matrix through a precision feeder; meanwhile, based on the precise feeder line, receiving radio frequency signals from the receiving matrix; and the shunt signal of the transmitting signal and the receiving signal are directly mixed, after mixing, a difference frequency corresponding to Doppler effect is output, the difference frequency is composed of I/Q signals, the I/Q signals are amplified by precise operational amplifier, then the I/Q signals are sampled by a single chip ADC, and FFT calculation is carried out on the amplified I/Q signals, thus obtaining the precise speed and direction of the object to be measured. In the embodiment, the radio frequency chip is preferably a 24G radio frequency chip CHC2442-QPG manufactured by French International gallium arsenide technology or a 24G radio frequency chip BGT24LTR11N16 manufactured by German British fly silicon germanium technology.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the antenna unit 104 is a matrix antenna and is divided into a radio frequency transmitting matrix and a radio frequency receiving matrix, and a series array element is generally adopted to reduce the production process requirement to the maximum extent, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the radar module. In the invention, the impedance matching is calculated for the matrix antenna and the feeder line, the array element parameters of the matrix antenna, the filter and the feeder line are calculated, the simulation calculation is carried out by adopting standard simulation software, the impedance is selected from 75 ohms to 100 ohms by default, the matching is carried out by adopting radio frequency impedance matching software step by step, and the selected parameters of the circuit device are adjusted based on the deviation.
Furthermore, the radar module can also comprise an operational amplifier circuit and a digital circuit of the I/Q analog signals, the operational amplifier circuit and the digital circuit of the I/Q analog signals are realized by adopting the prior art, and the matching control unit and the receiving and transmitting unit can work.
Further, the radar module is preferably a PCB, the PCB is a double-sided printed PCB, the front side of the PCB can be a matrix antenna, and the back side of the PCB is provided with a control unit, a transceiving unit, a communication unit, a power supply unit, an operational amplifier circuit of an I/Q analog signal and a digital circuit.
Further, the radar module may also adopt a technical scheme disclosed in, for example, chinese patent application No. 201810975578.7, "ultrasonic omnidirectional ranging and speed measuring radar", or a technical scheme disclosed in chinese patent application No. 201810714271.1, "a monitoring system for a high-speed inspection station", or other existing technical schemes.
The radar of the invention has the following specific application process:
s01, assembling a protective shell and installing a radar module;
when the protective shell is not integrally designed, the protective shell is assembled, if the protective shell is integrally designed, an electric circuit is installed in the protective shell, the radar module is installed on the cushion seat, then the electric circuit is connected, then the radar module is clamped in a bottom plate of the protective shell, and when the radar module is clamped in the protective shell, the radar module is required to be ensured to be horizontally kept with a protective surface of the injection molding shell, so that the divergence angle of an antenna signal is reduced to the maximum extent; so as to use the read value of the accelerometer chip, check the error of the actual angle and the theoretical angle after the installation number, and adjust the installation or the replacement equipment.
S02, establishing circuit connection and debugging the modulated radar module;
an ADC sampling interface of a singlechip is butted with an I/Q signal source output by a radio frequency chip, and certainly, the I/Q signal needs to be amplified by one round through precise operational amplification, and the amplification is generally about 50 times;
and S03, performing experiments and applications to obtain accurate speed measurement results.
Specifically, the radar of the present invention is applied to the acceleration test at low and medium speeds, the deceleration test at low and medium speeds, the constant velocity test at low and medium speeds, the acceleration test at medium and high speeds, the deceleration test at medium and high speeds, the constant velocity test at medium and high speeds, and the wheel slip (the real straight line is an axis speedometer), respectively, to obtain the results shown in fig. 7 to 13, which indicate that the relative velocity of the moving object measured by the system can reach a very small azimuth angle and a very high precision requirement, and if the radar is strictly and horizontally installed at a proper position, such as a horizontal chassis of a head of a subway (urban iron, high iron), the radar can be used as a speed metering device of the subway (urban iron, high iron). The measured speed can obtain a speed value with the precision of 1% only by adjusting an empirical curve, and can be completely used for replacing the real-time speed measured by a shaft counter, which shows that the error of the speed measured by the radar applying the invention is less than or equal to 0.5%.
In summary, the protective case of the present invention is approximately funnel-shaped, and the top plate of the first mounting surface and the top plate of the second mounting surface are inclined by 45 degrees, so that the divergence angle of the antenna signal of the antenna unit is limited by the transceiving matrix, and the reflection and refraction of the antenna signal are threatened by the uniform dielectric housing, thereby ensuring the minimum angle of the transmitting direction. Because the strongest mixed signal always comes from the movement of the object in the precise direction and is not interfered by the movement of the object in other directions, the precise speed measurement can be realized. If the error between the measured angle of the accelerometer chip and the theoretical angle is large, an installer can be prompted to adjust, and equipment can not be replaced if the adjustment is impossible.
The component structures, connection relationships, operation principles, and the like, which are not described in the present embodiment, are realized by using the prior art, and a description thereof will not be repeated.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A radar capable of determining direction and accurately measuring speed is characterized by comprising a base, a cushion seat, a protective shell and a radar module; the radar module is detachably arranged on the cushion seat and covered by the protective shell, the protective shell is detachably connected with one surface of the cushion seat, and the other surface of the cushion seat is detachably connected with the base; the protective shell comprises a top plate, two side ends of the top plate are respectively connected with one end of a first mounting surface and one end of a second mounting surface which are obliquely arranged at an angle of 45 degrees, and the other ends of the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface are respectively connected with side plates arranged on two sides of a bottom plate; the side plates comprise a first side plate and a second side plate, one end of the first side plate is connected with one end of the first mounting surface, and the other end of the first side plate is connected with one end of the bottom plate; one end of the second side plate is connected with one end of the second mounting surface, and the other end of the second side plate is connected with the other end of the bottom plate.
2. Radar capable of azimuth determination and accurate speed measurement according to claim 1, wherein the base plate is of hollow frame shape.
3. A radar capable of azimuth determination and accurate speed measurement according to claim 1, wherein the bottom plate, the side plates, the top plate, the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface are integrally formed of plastic.
4. A radar capable of azimuth determination and accurate speed measurement according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the bottom plate, the side plates, the top plate, the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface are the same.
5. A radar capable of azimuth determination and accurate speed measurement according to claim 1, wherein the thickness and the medium wavelength of the bottom plate, the side plates, the top plate, the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface are the same.
6. The radar capable of determining direction and accurately measuring speed according to claim 1, wherein the base comprises a base body, and an installation groove for installing the radar module is formed in the middle of the base body; the long edge of the cushion seat body is provided with a clamping groove, and the size of the clamping groove is matched with the clamping strip on the bottom plate of the protective shell.
7. The radar capable of determining an azimuth and accurately measuring speed according to claim 1, wherein the radar module comprises a control unit, a power supply unit, a communication unit, a transceiver unit and an antenna unit, wherein the control unit is connected with the power supply unit, the communication unit, the transceiver unit and the antenna unit respectively; the transceiver unit is connected with the communication unit and the antenna unit respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110010335.1A CN112526519A (en) | 2021-01-06 | 2021-01-06 | Radar capable of determining direction and accurately measuring speed |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110010335.1A CN112526519A (en) | 2021-01-06 | 2021-01-06 | Radar capable of determining direction and accurately measuring speed |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112526519A true CN112526519A (en) | 2021-03-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110010335.1A Withdrawn CN112526519A (en) | 2021-01-06 | 2021-01-06 | Radar capable of determining direction and accurately measuring speed |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113267782A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-17 | 沈阳工程学院 | Self-generating heating type acoustic radar protection device and control method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-01-06 CN CN202110010335.1A patent/CN112526519A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113267782A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-17 | 沈阳工程学院 | Self-generating heating type acoustic radar protection device and control method thereof |
| CN113267782B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2023-10-03 | 沈阳工程学院 | Sodar protection device capable of self-heating and control method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210319 |
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