CN112498086B - Driving axle with hub motor - Google Patents
Driving axle with hub motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112498086B CN112498086B CN202011369663.2A CN202011369663A CN112498086B CN 112498086 B CN112498086 B CN 112498086B CN 202011369663 A CN202011369663 A CN 202011369663A CN 112498086 B CN112498086 B CN 112498086B
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- axle housing
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
- B60B35/12—Torque-transmitting axles
- B60B35/16—Axle housings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
- B60K17/046—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel with planetary gearing having orbital motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K2007/0038—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor moving together with the wheel axle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K2007/0092—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being coaxial to the wheel axle
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a drive axle with a hub motor, which relates to the technical field of drive systems and comprises a drive axle body and wheels, wherein the drive axle body comprises an axle housing, the wheels comprise a first wheel and a second wheel, and the first wheel and the second wheel are respectively rotatably arranged at two ends of the axle housing; a hub motor and a speed reducer are arranged in the first wheel, and a brake is arranged on the second wheel; the hub motor is arranged on the axle housing, is connected with the first wheel and is used for driving the first wheel to rotate; the hub motor is connected with a power supply through an electric wire and is used for supplying power to the hub motor; the axle housing is still rotated in the one side that is close to first wheel and is installed the semi-axis, and the one end of semi-axis is used for being connected with the engine, and the other end passes the axle housing and is connected with the reduction gear, and the reduction gear is connected with first wheel for drive first wheel and rotate. The invention can recycle energy by controlling the motor, and can reduce fuel consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of driving systems, in particular to a driving axle with an in-wheel motor.
Background
With the development of electric automobile technology and the application of in-wheel motors, the use of in-wheel motors as power sources to drive trucks has become a considerable development direction of trucks, and all existing trucks adopting pure electric use motors to transmit power to drive axles through transmission shafts, so that a large amount of energy loss exists in the mechanical transmission process of the power, and the cruising mileage is affected. Therefore, the hub motor drive axle is adopted to directly drive the vehicle, so that energy loss can be reduced, and the endurance mileage of the truck can be improved. The axle driven by the hub motor can form a multi-shaft driven pure electric vehicle and a hybrid power vehicle, and is more beneficial to the realization of unmanned technology.
Compared with the traditional driving system scheme, the hub motor driving fundamentally changes the power transmission structure, omits part of transmission components, improves the transmission efficiency and the recycling of energy, reduces the oil consumption due to the assistance of the motor in the working conditions of starting, accelerating and the like, and can realize the recycling of braking energy in the process.
The technical scheme provided by the patent (CN 109130839A) is that a hub motor and a brake are integrated in an inner hub, and the disadvantage of the patent is that the motor, the brake and a speed reducer are simultaneously installed in a limited space, so that on one hand, the occupied space of the motor is reduced, the output power of the motor is influenced, on the other hand, the heat is easily generated, the heat dissipation effect is poor, and the service lives of the hub motor, the brake and the like are easily reduced. Meanwhile, the speed reducer is also arranged in the inner wheel in order to be matched with the hub motor, so that not only is the limited space of the inner wheel occupied, but also the applied axle is greatly changed, and the research and development cost is increased.
The patent 'an integrated system of a hub motor' (patent number: 108749556A), the technology of the patent distributes a hub motor, a braking device and a speed reducing mechanism in hubs at the inner side and the outer side, but the technical scheme of the integrated system is that a speed reducer and a brake are arranged in an outer wheel, so that the original truck axle and chassis structure is greatly changed.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a new drive axle with an in-wheel motor to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a drive axle with an in-wheel motor, which solves the problems in the prior art, can recycle energy by controlling the motor and can reduce fuel consumption.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: the invention provides a drive axle with an in-wheel motor, which comprises a drive axle body and wheels, wherein the drive axle body comprises an axle housing, the wheels comprise a first wheel and a second wheel, and the first wheel and the second wheel are respectively rotatably arranged at two ends of the axle housing; a hub motor and a speed reducer are arranged in the first wheel, and a brake is arranged on the second wheel; the hub motor is arranged on the axle housing and connected with the first wheel and used for driving the first wheel to rotate; the hub motor is connected with a power supply through an electric wire and is used for supplying power to the hub motor; the axle housing is close to one side of the first wheel, a half axle is further rotatably installed in the side, one end of the half axle is used for being connected with an engine, the other end of the half axle penetrates through the axle housing to be connected with the speed reducer, and the speed reducer is connected with the first wheel and used for driving the first wheel to rotate.
Preferably, the hub motor comprises a sleeve, a stator core, a magnet, an outer rotor shell and a motor end cover; the inner side of the sleeve is provided with a middle wheel rim shell, and the inner side of the sleeve is connected with the outer side of the middle wheel rim shell through a flat key; the inner side of the middle wheel rim shell is fixedly connected with the axle shell through a flange; the stator core is sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve, the magnet is arranged on the outer side of the stator core to form a rotor component, the outer rotor shell is sleeved on the outer side of the rotor component, and an air gap is reserved between the outer rotor shell and the rotor component; the motor end cover is fixed at the outer end of the outer rotor shell.
Preferably, the motor further comprises an end wheel rim shell and an inner wheel rim shell, wherein the end wheel rim shell is fixed on the inner side of the motor end cover and is used for connecting the speed reducer; the inner wheel side shell is arranged in the outer rotor shell, the end part of the inner wheel side shell is fixedly connected with the inner end of the outer rotor shell, and the inner wheel side shell is fixedly connected with the wheel; the end wheel side shell and the inner wheel side shell are respectively sleeved at two ends of the middle wheel side shell, and sealing elements are arranged at the sleeved positions.
Preferably, the speed reducer is a planetary gear speed reducer, and comprises a sun gear, a planet gear, a gear ring and a planet disc carrier; the planet disc carrier is fixed on the inner side of the end wheel side shell through bolts; a mounting groove is formed in one side, away from the end wheel rim shell, of the planet disc carrier, a plurality of mounting parts are arranged in the mounting groove, and each mounting part is provided with one planet wheel; the inner side of the planet wheel is meshed with the sun wheel, the outer side of the planet wheel is meshed with the gear ring, the sun wheel is arranged on the half shaft, and the gear ring is fixedly connected with the second flange.
Preferably, the hub motor comprises a sleeve, a stator core, a magnet, a rotor yoke and a motor housing; the stator core is sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve, and the inner side of the sleeve is fixedly connected with the axle housing through a flange; the magnet is sleeved on the outer side of the stator core, and the magnet is fixed on the inner side of the motor shell through the rotor magnet yoke.
Preferably, the speed reducer is a planetary gear speed reducer, and comprises a sun gear, a planet gear, a gear ring and a planet disc carrier; the outer edge of the planet disc frame is connected with the motor shell through bolts; a mounting part is arranged on one side of the planet disc carrier, which is far away from the motor shell, and the planet wheel is sleeved on the mounting part; the inner side of the planet wheel is meshed with the sun wheel, the outer side of the planet wheel is meshed with the gear ring, the sun wheel is arranged on the half shaft, and the gear ring is fixedly connected with the wheels.
Preferably, a wheel rim shell is further arranged in the first wheel, the wheel rim shell comprises a left wheel rim shell and a right wheel rim shell which are connected with each other, the left end of the right wheel rim shell is connected with the left wheel rim shell, and the right end of the right wheel rim shell is connected with the first wheel; the right wheel rim shell and the left wheel rim shell are internally provided with cavities, the hub motor and the speed reducer are both arranged in the cavities, and the gear ring of the speed reducer is fixed on the left wheel rim shell.
Preferably, the planetary gear reducer adopts a two-stage planetary gear reducer to perform two-stage speed reduction.
Preferably, the wheel comprises a wheel hub, the wheel hub is connected with a bearing connecting piece, the bearing connecting piece is rotatably arranged on the axle housing through a bearing, and a tire is arranged on the outer side of the wheel hub;
One first wheel and one second wheel are respectively installed;
Or the first wheel and the second wheel are both provided with two, and the hub motor and the speed reducer are both arranged in the hub of the first wheel at the outer side; the brake is mounted on the second wheel on the inboard side.
Preferably, the drive axle body adopts a through drive axle or a drive axle with an independent suspension;
the outer side of the axle housing of the drive axle body is provided with a groove for enabling the electric wire to supply power for the hub motor; the two flanges are arranged and comprise a first flange and a second flange which are arranged from inside to outside and are opposite to each other, and a gap is arranged between the first flange and the second flange and is used for enabling the electric wire to pass through; the first flange and the second flange are fixed on the axle housing through bolts.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. The hub motor drive axle can add the hub motor to the existing axle to form a pure electric or hybrid power drive axle, and can add an electric drive mode to a vehicle.
2. The vehicle using the drive axle can increase the shortage of the torque of the internal combustion engine by utilizing the torque of the hub motor when the vehicle has high torque demand; during braking, the electromagnetic braking force of the hub motor is utilized to assist the friction braking operation, so that the service life of the friction braking is prolonged.
3. The hub motor and the driving system thereof do not need to change the chassis structure of the existing truck.
4. The drive axle according to the present invention may be a through drive axle or an independent suspension drive axle.
5. The motor adopted by the drive axle can be a direct-drive type hub motor or a drive speed reducer type hub motor, is low in cost and easy to install, and has a wide application range.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a drive axle with an in-wheel motor of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an in-wheel motor according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of an embodiment of a hub motor;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the axle housing of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the axle housing of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an isometric view of an in-wheel motor according to an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic front cross-sectional view of an in-wheel motor according to an embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a second flange of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a second flange of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a three-dimensional schematic view of an end wheel rim shell of an embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an end wheel rim shell of an embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a center wheel rim shell according to an embodiment;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a center wheel rim shell of an embodiment;
FIG. 14 is a three-dimensional schematic view of an inner wheel-side shell according to an embodiment;
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of an inner wheel-side shell of an embodiment;
FIG. 16 is a three-dimensional schematic of a sleeve according to an embodiment;
FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of a sleeve of an embodiment;
FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a two-wheel hub motor according to an embodiment;
FIG. 19 is an exploded view of a two-in-wheel motor of an embodiment;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the structure of a right wheel casing according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the right wheel-side shell of the second embodiment;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the structure of a left wheel casing according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of the left wheel-side shell of the second embodiment;
FIG. 24 is a schematic view showing the structure of a second planetary tray according to the embodiment;
FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view of a second planetary tray of the embodiment;
FIG. 26 is a schematic view of a sleeve according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view of a sleeve of the second embodiment;
In the figure, axle housing 01, half axle 02, first flange 03, second flange 04, first bearing 05, second bearing 06, third bearing 07, bearing connection 08, planetary gear reducer 1, sun gear 11, planet gears 12, ring gear 13, planet carrier 14, hub motor 2, sleeve 21, stator core 22, magnet 23, rotor yoke 24, motor housing 25, outer rotor shell 204, motor end cap 205, wheel housing 3, right wheel housing 31, left wheel housing 32, end wheel housing 301, middle wheel housing 302, inner wheel housing 303, first hub 41, second hub 42, first tire 43, second tire 44, hub 401, tire 402, first seal 51, second seal 52.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 17, the present embodiment provides a driving axle with an in-wheel motor, which can be used for a hybrid or pure electric truck, a bus, an engineering vehicle, etc., and comprises a driving axle body and wheels, wherein the driving axle body comprises an axle housing 01, the wheels comprise a first wheel and a second wheel, and the first wheel and the second wheel are respectively rotatably installed at two ends of the axle housing 01; the first wheel is internally provided with a hub motor 2 and a speed reducer, and the second wheel is provided with a brake; the hub motor 2 is arranged on the axle housing 01, and the hub motor 2 is connected with the first wheel and is used for driving the first wheel to rotate; the hub motor 2 is connected with a power supply through an electric wire and is used for supplying power to the hub motor 2; the first wheel is rotated and is installed on the axle housing, and axle housing 01 is located the middle part of wheel, still rotates in the one side that axle housing 01 is close to first wheel and installs semi-axis 02, and the one end of semi-axis 02 is used for being connected with the engine, and the other end passes axle housing 01 and is connected with the reduction gear, and the reduction gear is connected with first wheel for drive first wheel rotates.
Further, a half shaft 02 is also rotatably arranged in one side of the axle housing 01 close to the second wheel, so that the second wheel is driven to rotate.
In this embodiment, the drive axle may be formed as a through drive axle, or may be applied to a drive axle having an independent suspension; the brake may be a drum brake or a disc brake.
In the present embodiment, the in-wheel motor includes a sleeve 21, a stator core 22, magnets 23, an outer rotor case 204, and a motor end cover 205; the stator core 22 is connected with the axle housing 01 through the sleeve 21, the middle wheel rim housing 302, the first flange 03 and the second flange 04 to realize fixation, specifically, the middle wheel rim housing 302 is installed on the inner side of the sleeve 21, key slots are correspondingly formed on the inner side of the sleeve 21 and the outer side of the middle wheel rim housing 302, and the two are connected in a flat key mode; the inner side of the middle wheel rim shell 302 is fixedly connected with the axle housing 01 through a flange; the stator core 22 is sleeved outside the sleeve 21. The magnets 23 are mounted on the outer side of the stator core 22 to form a rotor member, specifically, the magnets 23 are fixedly connected in grooves on the outer side of the stator core 22 through fiber materials and resin, the rotor member formed by the stator core 22 and the magnets 23 is sleeved with the outer rotor shell 204, and an air gap of 1 mm to 3 mm is reserved between the rotor member and the outer rotor shell 204. The motor end cover 205 is fixed to the outer end (end toward the outside of the wheel) of the outer rotor shell 204 by bolts, specifically, the edge (position away from the center of the circle) of the motor end cover 205 is provided with bolt holes, the outer end face of the outer rotor shell 204 is correspondingly provided with bolt holes, and the two are fixedly connected by bolts passing through the bolt holes.
In the embodiment, two flanges are arranged, including a first flange 03 and a second flange 04 which are arranged from inside to outside and back to each other, the second flange 04 is positioned at one side close to the outer side of the wheel, and a gap is arranged between the first flange 03 and the second flange 04 for allowing wires to pass through; the inner side of the middle wheel rim shell 302 and the outer sides of the first flange 03 and the second flange 04 are correspondingly provided with key grooves, and the middle wheel rim shell 302 is connected with the first flange 03 and the second flange 04 through flat keys; the first flange 03 and the second flange 04 are both drilled with radial threaded holes and are fixed to the axle housing 01 by bolts.
In the embodiment, a groove is formed in the outer side of the axle housing 01, so that an electric wire can enter the hub motor through a gap between the first flange 03 and the second flange 04 along the groove of the axle housing 01, and then enter the interior of a wire harness winding on the stator core 22 of the hub motor to be electrified.
In the present embodiment, the wheel rim further comprises a wheel rim shell, wherein the wheel rim shell comprises an end wheel rim shell 301, an inner wheel rim shell 303 and a middle wheel rim shell 302, the end wheel rim shell 301 is fixed on the inner side of the motor end cover 205 and is used for connecting a speed reducer, and specifically, a threaded hole is formed in the middle (close to the center side) of the motor end cover and is connected with the end wheel rim shell 301 in a bolt mode; the inner wheel side shell 303 is cylindrical and is installed in the outer rotor shell 204, one end of the inner wheel side shell facing the inner side of the wheel is provided with an annular installation plate, the installation plate is provided with a threaded hole, the inner end face of the outer rotor shell 204 is correspondingly provided with an axial threaded hole for being connected with the inner wheel side shell 303 through bolts, and the inner wheel side shell 303 is fixedly connected with the wheel.
Further, in order to ensure that the end wheel rim shell 301 and the inner wheel rim shell 303 rotate relative to the middle wheel rim shell 302, the two end parts of the middle wheel rim shell 302 are sleeved with the end wheel rim shell 301 and the inner wheel rim shell 303, and the first sealing piece 51 and the second sealing piece 52 are respectively arranged at the positions of the sleeves to realize non-contact connection, and the first sealing piece 51 and the second sealing piece 52 can be used for selecting common sealing rings from the market according to requirements.
In this embodiment, the wheel includes a hub 401, and a hub motor and a speed reducer are all installed in the hub 401; the hub 401 is connected with a bearing connecting piece 08, the bearing connecting piece 08 is rotatably installed on the axle housing 01 through a bearing, the inner wheel rim shell 303 is sleeved on the outer rotor shell 204 on the left side (the side close to the hub motor) of the bearing connecting piece 08, the inner wheel rim shell 303, the hub 401 and the bearing connecting piece 08 are connected together through the same group of bolts, and the outer rotor shell 204 directly drives wheels after the hub motor is electrified. The bearing connector 08 is wound around the axle housing 01 through the second bearing 06 and the first bearing 05, and the bearing connector 08 functions to support the outer rotor shell 204, the inner hub shell 303 and the hub 401 connected thereto, and the tire 402 is mounted on the outer side of the hub 401.
In this embodiment, the first wheel and the second wheel are both installed, and the in-wheel motor 2 and the decelerator are both installed in the hub 401 of the first wheel on the outside; the brake is arranged on the second wheel on the inner side; wherein, the installation of inboard wheel hub and outside wheel hub adopts the mode of reverse installation.
In the present embodiment, the half shaft 02 is rotatably mounted in the axle housing 01 through the third bearing 07, achieving power transmission.
In the embodiment, the speed reducer is a planetary gear speed reducer, the planetary gear speed reducer is a rotating speed and torque conversion device formed by a sun gear 11, a planet gear 12 and a gear ring 13, and the speed reducer realizes speed reduction through different gear ratios and comprises the sun gear 11, the planet gear 12, the gear ring 13 and a planetary disc carrier 14; the outer ring of the planetary disc frame 14 is provided with a threaded hole, the end wheel side shell 301 is correspondingly provided with a threaded hole, the planetary disc frame 14 is fixed on the inner side of the end wheel side shell 301 through bolts, the end wheel side shell 301 is connected with the motor end cover 205 through bolts, the motor end cover 205 is connected with the outer rotor shell 204 through bolts, and therefore the fixed connection of the planetary disc frame 14 and the motor outer rotor shell is achieved; a mounting groove is formed in one side, far away from the end wheel side shell 301, of the planetary wheel frame 14, a plurality of cylindrical mounting parts are arranged in the mounting groove, each mounting part is provided with a planetary wheel 12, the inner side of the planetary wheel 12 is meshed with the sun wheel 11, and the outer side of the planetary wheel 12 is meshed with the gear ring 13; specifically, the sun gear 11 is mounted on the half shaft 02, and is fixedly connected with the half shaft 02 through a flat key, gear teeth are arranged on the inner ring of the gear ring 13, the gear ring 13 is positioned on one surface of the second flange 04 facing the outer side of the wheel, and threaded holes are formed in the gear ring and are fixedly connected with the second flange 04 in a bolt manner, so that fixation is realized; at this time, the gear ring 13 is sleeved on the sun gear 11, and a plurality of planet gears 12 are installed between the gear ring and the sun gear 11 and are in meshed connection.
The working modes of the invention are divided into three types:
1. And driving an engine. The power from the engine is transmitted into the planetary gear reducer through the half shaft to be subjected to speed reduction and torque increase, and the power after the speed reduction and torque increase is transmitted to the hub through the planetary disc frame, the end wheel side shell, the motor end cover and the motor outer rotor in the planetary gear reducer to drive the tire to rotate. In the working mode, when braking is performed, the rotating speed of the stator magnetic field is controlled to be lower than the corresponding rotating speed of the wheels, so that the rotor magnetic field cuts the stator magnetic field, electromagnetic braking is realized, and braking energy recovery is achieved.
2. And (5) pure electric driving. In the working mode, the hub motor generates a magnetic field through copper wires placed on the stator core, the motor outer rotor shell is driven to rotate, and power is directly transmitted to the hub to drive the tire to rotate. In the working mode, when braking is performed, the rotating speed of the stator magnetic field is controlled to be lower than the corresponding rotating speed of the wheels, so that the rotor magnetic field cuts the stator magnetic field, electromagnetic braking is realized, and braking energy recovery is achieved.
3. Hybrid drive. When the working mode is in, the power from the engine is subjected to speed reduction and torque increase, and the torque is further increased through the hub motor and is transmitted to the hub to drive the tire to rotate.
Example two
This embodiment is an improvement over the first embodiment in that: as shown in fig. 18-27, one is mounted to each of the first wheel and the second wheel.
In the embodiment, the hub motor 2 and the speed reducer are both arranged in a first wheel, and the axle housing 01 is positioned in the middle of the wheel; the hub motor 2 is arranged on the axle housing 01, the hub motor 2 is connected with the speed reducer, and a groove is formed in the outer side of the axle housing 01 and used for enabling an electric wire to supply power for the hub motor 2; the wheels are rotatably arranged on the axle housing 01, and the speed reducer is connected with the first wheels and is used for driving the first wheels to rotate; the axle housing 01 is also rotatably provided with an axle shaft 02, one end of the axle shaft 02 is used for being connected with an engine, and the other end of the axle shaft 02 penetrates through the axle housing 01 to be connected with a speed reducer.
In the present embodiment, the in-wheel motor includes a sleeve 21, a stator core 22, a magnet 23, a rotor yoke 24, and a motor housing 25; the outer side of the sleeve 21 is sleeved with a stator core 22, and the inner side of the sleeve 21 is fixedly connected with the axle housing 01 through a flange; the magnet 23 is fitted over the outer side of the stator core 22, and the magnet 23 is fixed to the inner side of the motor case 25 via the rotor yoke 24.
In the embodiment, two flanges are arranged, including a first flange 03 and a second flange 04 which are arranged in a back-to-back way, a gap is arranged between the first flange and the second flange, and the flanges are used for enabling wires to pass through, so that the wires can enter the hub motor through the gap between the first flange 03 and the second flange 04 along the groove of the axle housing 01 to be electrified; keyways are correspondingly arranged on the inner side of the sleeve 21 and the outer sides of the first flange 03 and the second flange 04, and the sleeve 21 is connected with the first flange 03 and the second flange 04 by arranging flat keys in the keyways; screw holes are correspondingly formed in the first flange 03, the second flange 04 and the axle housing 01, and the first flange 03 and the second flange 04 are fixedly mounted on the axle housing 01 through bolts.
In the present embodiment, the magnet 23 is fixed inside the groove of the rotor yoke 24 by a fibrous material and a resin, and the rotor yoke 24 is fixed inside the motor housing 25 by a positioning groove and a bolt.
In the embodiment, the speed reducer is a planetary gear speed reducer, and comprises a sun gear 11, a planet gear 12, a gear ring 13 and a planetary disc carrier 14, wherein the speed reducer is realized by utilizing a rotating speed and torque conversion device formed by the sun gear 11, the planet gear 12 and the gear ring 13 through different gear ratios; screw holes are correspondingly formed in the outer edge of the planetary disc frame 14 and the outer side of the motor shell 25, and the motor shell 25 is connected with the planetary disc frame 14 through bolts so as to transmit power to the planetary gear reducer; a cylindrical mounting part is arranged on one side of the planetary disc frame 14 far away from the motor shell 25, and the planetary wheels 12 are sleeved on the mounting part; the inner side of the planet wheel 12 is meshed with the sun wheel 11, the outer side of the planet wheel 12 is meshed with the gear ring 13, the sun wheel 11 is arranged on a half shaft, and the gear ring 13 is fixedly connected with the left wheel side shell 32 of the wheel so as to drive the wheel to rotate; the sun gear is fixedly connected with the half shaft through a flat key, and the half shaft 02 is sleeved in the axle housing 01 through a third bearing 07 to rotate, so that engine power is transmitted into the planetary gear reducer.
In the embodiment, the wheel comprises a first hub 41 and a second hub 42, a bearing connecting piece 08 is connected between the first hub 41 and the second hub 42, and the bearing connecting piece is rotatably installed on an axle housing through a bearing, wherein two bearings are arranged and comprise a first bearing 05 and a second bearing 06 which are arranged in parallel, and the first bearing 05 and the second bearing 06 are sleeved on the axle housing 01; the first hub 41 and the second hub 42 are provided with a first tire 43 and a second tire 44, respectively.
In this embodiment, a wheel rim shell is further disposed in the first hub 41, and the wheel rim shell includes a right wheel rim shell 31 and a left wheel rim shell 32 that are connected to each other; cavities are formed in the right wheel rim shell 31 and the left wheel rim shell 32, a hub motor and a speed reducer are arranged in the cavities, and a gear ring 13 of the speed reducer is fixed on the left wheel rim shell 32. Wherein, the left wheel rim shell 32 is provided with two groups of threaded holes, the inner threaded holes are connected with the gear ring 13 in a bolt mode, and the outer threaded holes are connected with the right wheel rim shell 31 in a bolt mode; the right wheel side shell 31 is provided with two groups of threaded holes, the left end threaded hole is connected with the left wheel side shell 32 in a bolt mode, and the right end threaded hole is connected with the first hub 41 in a bolt mode; the power which is decelerated by the planetary gear reducer is transmitted to the wheels.
The working modes of the invention are divided into three types:
1. And (3) driving an engine: the power from the engine is transmitted into the planetary gear reducer through the half shaft to carry out speed reduction and torque increase, and the power after the speed reduction and torque increase drives the tire to rotate through the planetary gear reducer; in the working mode, when braking is performed, the rotating speed of the stator magnetic field is controlled to be lower than the corresponding rotating speed of the wheels, so that the rotor magnetic field cuts the stator magnetic field, electromagnetic braking is realized, and braking energy recovery is achieved.
2. And (3) pure electric driving: in the working mode, the hub motor generates a magnetic field through a copper wire placed on a stator core, drives an outer rotor (a magnet, a rotor yoke and a motor shell) of the motor to rotate, and transmits power to a hub through a speed reducer to drive a tire to rotate; in the working mode, when braking is performed, the rotating speed of the stator magnetic field is controlled to be lower than the corresponding rotating speed of the wheels, so that the rotor magnetic field cuts the stator magnetic field, electromagnetic braking is realized, and braking energy recovery is achieved.
3. Hybrid power driving: when the working mode is in, the power from the engine is subjected to speed reduction and torque increase, and the torque is further increased through the hub motor and is transmitted to the hub to drive the tire to rotate.
Example III
This embodiment is an improvement over the first and second embodiments in that: the planetary gear reducer 1 adopts a two-stage planetary gear reducer to perform two-stage speed reduction; specifically, the sun gear 11, the planet gears 12, the gear ring 13 and the planet carrier 14 are provided with two groups, and the sun gear 11 of the second-stage planet gear is mounted on the planet carrier 14 of the first-stage planet gear;
In the first embodiment, after the half shaft 02 drives the planet carrier 14 of the first-stage planetary gear, the sun gear 11 of the second-stage planetary gear is driven continuously, so that two-stage speed reduction is realized; the planet carrier 14 of the second stage planetary gear is fixedly connected with the end wheel casing 301 by bolts
In the second embodiment, the motor housing 25 drives the planet carrier 14 of the first-stage planetary gear, and then drives the sun gear of the second-stage planetary gear to realize two-stage deceleration; the planet carrier of the second stage planetary gear is fixedly connected to the motor housing 25 by means of bolts.
Further, the planetary gear reducer 1 may also be provided with multiple stages as needed.
It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A transaxle having an in-wheel motor, characterized in that: the driving axle comprises a driving axle body and wheels, wherein the driving axle body comprises an axle housing, the wheels comprise a first wheel and a second wheel, the first wheel and the second wheel are respectively rotatably installed at two ends of the axle housing, two first wheels and two second wheels are respectively installed, a hub motor and a speed reducer are respectively installed in a hub of the first wheel at the outer side, and a brake is installed on the second wheel at the inner side; the hub motor is arranged on the axle housing and connected with the first wheel and used for driving the first wheel to rotate; the hub motor is connected with a power supply through an electric wire and is used for supplying power to the hub motor; a half shaft is further rotatably arranged in one side, close to the first wheel, of the axle housing, one end of the half shaft is used for being connected with an engine, the other end of the half shaft penetrates through the axle housing to be connected with the speed reducer, and the speed reducer is connected with the first wheel and used for driving the first wheel to rotate;
the outer side of the axle housing of the drive axle body is provided with a groove for enabling the electric wire to supply power for the hub motor; the two flanges are arranged, and comprise a first flange and a second flange which are arranged from inside to outside and are opposite to each other, and a gap is arranged between the first flange and the second flange and is used for enabling the electric wire to pass through; the first flange and the second flange are fixed on the axle housing through bolts;
The hub motor comprises a sleeve, a stator core, a magnet, an outer rotor shell and a motor end cover; the inner side of the sleeve is provided with a middle wheel rim shell, and the inner side of the sleeve is connected with the outer side of the middle wheel rim shell through a flat key; the inner side of the middle wheel rim shell is fixedly connected with the axle housing through the first flange and the second flange; the stator core is sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve, the magnet is arranged on the outer side of the stator core to form a rotor component, the outer rotor shell is sleeved on the outer side of the rotor component, and an air gap is reserved between the outer rotor shell and the rotor component; the motor also comprises an end wheel rim shell and an inner wheel rim shell, wherein the end wheel rim shell is fixed on the inner side of the motor end cover and is used for connecting the speed reducer; the inner wheel side shell is arranged in the outer rotor shell, the end part of the inner wheel side shell is fixedly connected with the inner end of the outer rotor shell, and the inner wheel side shell is fixedly connected with the wheel; the end wheel rim shell and the inner wheel rim shell are respectively sleeved at two ends of the middle wheel rim shell, and sealing elements are arranged at sleeved positions;
the speed reducer is a planetary gear speed reducer and comprises a sun gear, a planet gear, a gear ring and a planet disc carrier; the planet disc carrier is fixed on the inner side of the end wheel side shell through bolts; a mounting groove is formed in one side, away from the end wheel rim shell, of the planet disc carrier, a plurality of mounting parts are arranged in the mounting groove, and each mounting part is provided with one planet wheel; the inner side of the planet wheel is meshed with the sun wheel, the outer side of the planet wheel is meshed with the gear ring, the sun wheel is arranged on the half shaft, and the gear ring is fixedly connected with the second flange.
2. A transaxle having an in-wheel motor, characterized in that: the driving axle comprises a driving axle body and wheels, wherein the driving axle body comprises an axle housing, the wheels comprise a first wheel and a second wheel, the first wheel and the second wheel are respectively rotatably installed at two ends of the axle housing, two first wheels and two second wheels are respectively installed, a hub motor and a speed reducer are respectively installed in a hub of the first wheel at the outer side, and a brake is installed on the second wheel at the inner side; the hub motor is arranged on the axle housing and connected with the first wheel and used for driving the first wheel to rotate; the hub motor is connected with a power supply through an electric wire and is used for supplying power to the hub motor; a half shaft is further rotatably arranged in one side, close to the first wheel, of the axle housing, one end of the half shaft is used for being connected with an engine, the other end of the half shaft penetrates through the axle housing to be connected with the speed reducer, and the speed reducer is connected with the first wheel and used for driving the first wheel to rotate;
the outer side of the axle housing of the drive axle body is provided with a groove for enabling the electric wire to supply power for the hub motor; the two flanges are arranged, and comprise a first flange and a second flange which are arranged from inside to outside and are opposite to each other, and a gap is arranged between the first flange and the second flange and is used for enabling the electric wire to pass through; the first flange and the second flange are fixed on the axle housing through bolts;
The hub motor comprises a sleeve, a stator iron core, a magnet, a rotor yoke and a motor shell; the stator core is sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve, and the inner side of the sleeve is fixedly connected with the axle housing through a flange; the magnet is sleeved on the outer side of the stator core, and the magnet is fixed on the inner side of the motor shell through the rotor magnetic yoke;
The speed reducer is a planetary gear speed reducer and comprises a sun gear, a planet gear, a gear ring and a planet disc carrier; the outer edge of the planet disc frame is connected with the motor shell through bolts; a mounting part is arranged on one side of the planet disc carrier, which is far away from the motor shell, and the planet wheel is sleeved on the mounting part; the inner side of the planet wheel is meshed with the sun wheel, the outer side of the planet wheel is meshed with the gear ring, the sun wheel is arranged on the half shaft, and the gear ring is fixedly connected with the wheels;
The first wheel is internally provided with a wheel rim shell, the wheel rim shell comprises a left wheel rim shell and a right wheel rim shell which are connected with each other, the left end of the right wheel rim shell is connected with the left wheel rim shell, and the right end of the right wheel rim shell is connected with the first wheel; the right wheel rim shell and the left wheel rim shell are internally provided with cavities, the hub motor and the speed reducer are both arranged in the cavities, and the gear ring of the speed reducer is fixed on the left wheel rim shell.
3. The drive axle with an in-wheel motor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the planetary gear reducer adopts a two-stage planetary gear reducer to perform two-stage speed reduction.
4. The drive axle with an in-wheel motor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the wheel comprises a wheel hub, wherein the wheel hub is connected with a bearing connecting piece, the bearing connecting piece is rotatably installed on the axle housing through a bearing, and a tire is installed on the outer side of the wheel hub.
5. The drive axle with an in-wheel motor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the drive axle body adopts a through drive axle or a drive axle with an independent suspension.
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| DE19503477A1 (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 1996-08-08 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Drive device, in particular wheel drive for tracked vehicles |
| RU2460651C1 (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2012-09-10 | Республиканское унитарное предприятие "Минский тракторный завод" | Automotive drive axle |
| CN102555773B (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2015-01-14 | 武汉新能车桥技术发展有限公司 | Low-floor gate-type wheel-side motor rear axle for electric bus |
| CN109130839B (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-06-30 | 清华大学 | Electric wheel assembly suitable for double tires and provided with wheels, axle and vehicle |
| CN111361358B (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2024-05-28 | 南京清研易为新能源动力有限责任公司 | Heavy-duty electric wheel |
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