CN112485802A - Method for matching transmitting and receiving wavelengths of laser radar - Google Patents
Method for matching transmitting and receiving wavelengths of laser radar Download PDFInfo
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- CN112485802A CN112485802A CN202011331816.4A CN202011331816A CN112485802A CN 112485802 A CN112485802 A CN 112485802A CN 202011331816 A CN202011331816 A CN 202011331816A CN 112485802 A CN112485802 A CN 112485802A
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- bragg grating
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- laser radar
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/484—Transmitters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种用于激光雷达的收发波长匹配的方法，包括窄线宽脉冲激光器、光学发射系统、分束棱镜、反射镜、反射式体布拉格光栅、光学接收系统、体光栅旋转控制模块、光电二极管、光电二极管旋转控制模块、信号采集模块、信号处理模块、探测器。该方法能够实现激光雷达发射系统和接收系统的中心波长的匹配。分别利用体布拉格光栅的两个面的布拉格衍射角度特性，将分束后的参考光和接收系统接收到的信号光分别入射于这两个面，使其在相同角度下同时发生布拉格衍射，进而达到发射信号和接收信号中心波长匹配的效果。该方法特别适用于长时间工作或者使用可调谐激光器的激光雷达系统。
The invention discloses a method for matching the sending and receiving wavelengths of laser radar, comprising a narrow linewidth pulse laser, an optical transmitting system, a beam splitting prism, a reflecting mirror, a reflective volume Bragg grating, an optical receiving system, a volume grating rotation control module, Photodiode, photodiode rotation control module, signal acquisition module, signal processing module, detector. The method can realize the matching of the center wavelength of the laser radar transmitting system and the receiving system. Using the Bragg diffraction angle characteristics of the two surfaces of the volume Bragg grating, the beam-splitting reference light and the signal light received by the receiving system are respectively incident on the two surfaces, so that Bragg diffraction occurs at the same angle at the same time, and then To achieve the effect of matching the center wavelength of the transmitted signal and the received signal. This method is particularly suitable for lidar systems that work for long periods of time or use tunable lasers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to laser radar detection under long-distance strong background light, in particular to a method for matching transmitting and receiving wavelengths of a laser radar.
Background
When the laser radar system works under the strong background light condition, the laser radar system needs to carry out spectrum filtering, so that a narrow-band filter matched with the central wavelength of laser emission needs to be found, the process difficulty of the narrow-band filter is higher in practice, and the difficulty of wavelength matching of receiving and transmitting of the laser radar system is greatly increased.
The reflective volume grating has a very narrow filter bandwidth, and can take into account light outside most of the center wavelength when satisfying its bragg diffraction condition.
The reflective type volume grating has good stability, extremely high laser damage threshold value and certain angle characteristic of diffraction, and can realize tunable filtering, so that the Bragg diffraction angle of emitted laser can be searched by changing the incident angle of the reflective type volume grating, and the effect of matching the receiving and transmitting wavelengths of the laser radar is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve the detection performance of a laser radar system applied under the condition of strong background light in the daytime. The method of the invention utilizes a piece of reflective volume Bragg grating to realize the real-time automatic matching of the receiving and transmitting wavelengths of the laser radar, thereby improving the practicability of the laser radar system and avoiding the complexity of the process of realizing the wavelength matching when the interference filter is used for carrying out spectrum filtering in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for matching receiving and transmitting wavelengths of a laser radar comprises a narrow-linewidth pulse laser, an optical transmitting system, a beam splitter prism, a reflector, a reflective volume Bragg grating, an optical receiving system, a reflective volume Bragg grating rotation control module, a photodiode rotation control module, a signal acquisition module, a signal processing module and a detector. The narrow linewidth pulse laser emits narrow linewidth and high repetition frequency laser, and the laser is input into the beam splitting prism through the optical emission system and is divided into two parts: a small part of light enters the reflector, the light reflected by the reflector is input to a first surface of the reflective volume Bragg grating, the reflective volume Bragg grating rotation control module is utilized to rotate the reflective volume Bragg grating so that the diffraction intensity of the light reflected by the reflector to the reflective volume Bragg grating is the highest, the diffracted light is received by the photodiode, an optical signal is converted into an electric signal and is input to the signal acquisition module and the signal processing module, and when the signal processing module obtains the maximum diffraction efficiency by processing the received optical signal, the information is fed back to the reflective volume Bragg grating rotation control module so as to obtain an angle which enables the diffraction efficiency of the light beam to be the maximum; most of light is emitted to a target, a target scattering echo enters the optical receiving system, passes through the reflective volume Bragg grating after passing through the optical receiving system, and is received by the detector after being diffracted by the reflective volume Bragg grating. At this time, the angle of incidence on the reflective volume bragg grating is the angle of incidence with the maximum diffraction efficiency, so that the effect of matching the transmitting and receiving wavelengths of the laser radar is achieved.
Further, the spectral width of the narrow linewidth pulsed laser is less than the spectral width of the volume bragg grating.
Furthermore, two surfaces of the reflective volume Bragg grating are plated with antireflection films with corresponding wave bands, so that the suppression performance of background light is further improved.
Furthermore, the spectral bandwidth of the reflective volume Bragg grating is less than 100nm, and the perfect matching with the spectral bandwidth of the laser can be realized.
Furthermore, the diffraction efficiency of the reflective volume Bragg grating is more than ninety-five percent, the attenuation of the light intensity of the signal is further reduced, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal is improved.
Furthermore, the diffraction center wavelength of the reflective volume Bragg grating changes along with the change of the incident angle according to a certain relation, so that the receiving and transmitting wavelength matching of the laser radar under the condition of a tunable laser can be realized.
Furthermore, the two surfaces of the reflective volume Bragg grating have the same diffraction angle characteristics, so that the utilization rate of the volume Bragg grating can be improved, and the volume and the complexity of a system can be reduced.
Further, the accuracy in wavelength matching depends on the size of the angular resolution of the rotation control module used.
Furthermore, the signal acquisition module transmits the electric signal converted by the photodiode to the signal processing module, the signal processing module is used for carrying out corresponding processing to obtain the angle with the maximum diffraction light intensity, and the angle is fed back to the volume grating rotation control module, so that the real-time automatic matching of the transmitting wavelength and the receiving wavelength of the laser radar is realized. .
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the spectral width of the volume Bragg grating is less than 100pm, so that the laser radar has a higher signal-to-noise ratio after spectral filtering.
2. By utilizing the diffraction angle characteristic of the volume grating and changing the incident angle of the volume grating, the diffraction center wavelength can be changed, thereby achieving the effect of wavelength matching.
3. The method only needs to control the volume grating to rotate, and ensures the accuracy of wavelength matching.
4. The signal processing module and the rotation control module are used jointly, and closed-loop real-time automatic matching of the laser emission wavelength and the receiving wavelength of the receiving system can be achieved.
5. The reflective volume Bragg grating has good stability and large laser damage threshold, and can effectively improve the working capacity of the laser radar under long-time and long-distance conditions.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for matching transmit and receive wavelengths of a lidar according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention is a method for matching transmit-receive wavelengths of a laser radar, in fig. 1, a black solid arrow is emergent light, a gray arrow is echo light, a black dotted arrow is an electrical signal, and a gray dotted arrow is a body grating normal. A method for matching the receiving and transmitting wavelengths of laser radar includes narrow-linewidth pulse laser, optical emitting system, beam splitter prism, reflector, reflecting volume Bragg grating, optical receiving system, reflecting volume Bragg grating rotation control module, photoelectric diode rotation control module, signal acquisition module and signal processing module
Detector
The narrow linewidth pulse laser emits narrow linewidth and high repetition frequency laser, and the laser is input into the beam splitting prism through the optical emission system and is divided into two parts: a small part of light enters the reflector, the light reflected by the reflector is input to a first surface of the reflective volume Bragg grating, the reflective volume Bragg grating rotation control module is utilized to rotate the reflective volume Bragg grating so that the diffraction intensity of the light reflected by the reflector to the reflective volume Bragg grating is the highest, the diffracted light is received by the photodiode, an optical signal is converted into an electric signal and is input to the signal acquisition module and the signal processing module, and when the signal processing module processes the received optical signal to obtain the maximum diffraction efficiency, the information is fed back to the reflective volume Bragg grating rotation control module so as to obtain the angle which enables the diffraction efficiency of the light beam to reach the maximum; most of the light is emitted to the target
The target scattering echo enters the optical receiving system, passes through the reflective volume Bragg grating after passing through the optical receiving system, and is reflected by the reflective volume Bragg gratingThe grating diffracts and is received by the detector. At this time, the angle of incidence on the volume Bragg grating is the Bragg diffraction angle with the maximum diffraction efficiency, so that the effect of matching the receiving and transmitting wavelengths of the laser radar is achieved.
The optical emission system consists of a single lens or a plurality of lenses, and plays a role in collimating and expanding the laser light, so that the emergent laser light has proper spot size and divergence angle.
And two optical surfaces of the reflective volume Bragg grating are plated with anti-reflection films with corresponding wave bands, so that background light is further inhibited.
The optical receiving system is composed of a single-chip or multi-chip lens, plays a role in expanding and collimating the echo light, and enables the echo light to have proper spot size and divergence angle incident on the reflective volume Bragg grating.
The signal processing module carries out signal processing on the obtained electric signal from the photodiode and feeds back the obtained maximum optical signal intensity information to the diode rotation control module and the reflection type volume Bragg grating rotation control module.
The reflection type volume Bragg grating rotation module adjusts the angle through feedback information after signal processing, and then the angle meeting the requirement that the reference light generates Bragg diffraction on the surface of the reflection type volume Bragg grating is obtained.
According to the specific embodiment, the invention is a method for matching the receiving and transmitting wavelengths of the laser radar, and compared with the traditional wavelength matching method, the problem of searching the interference filter matched with the central wavelength of the transmitted laser in the process is solved. By utilizing the angle characteristic of the volume grating, the closed-loop real-time automatic matching of the receiving and transmitting wavelengths of the laser radar system can be realized, and the practicability of the laser radar system in severe environment and multifunctional measurement application is improved.
The foregoing detailed description is provided for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. It should be clear to those skilled in the art that any simple modification, variation or replacement based on the technical solution of the present invention will result in a new technical solution, which will fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
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| CN112485802B CN112485802B (en) | 2022-10-18 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114325649A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Photon counting laser radar working in strong noise environment |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114325649A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Photon counting laser radar working in strong noise environment |
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