Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide the motor rotor and the permanent magnet motor, which can effectively avoid the fracture phenomenon of the carbon fiber sheath and ensure the structural safety of the permanent magnet when the motor rotor rotates at a high speed.
In order to solve the problems, the application provides a motor rotor, which comprises a rotating shaft, fixing plates and a carbon fiber sheath, wherein the rotating shaft comprises a first shaft, a permanent magnet and a second shaft which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction, the fixing plates extend along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, first ends of the fixing plates are fixedly connected to the first shaft, second ends of the fixing plates are fixedly connected to the second shaft, at least two fixing plates are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential side of the rotating shaft and are spliced into a cylinder, and the carbon fiber sheath is wound on the outer circumferential side of the cylinder.
Preferably, the first shaft and the second shaft each comprise a shaft extension end and a main shaft end, the shaft extension ends and the main shaft ends form a step structure, the permanent magnet is located between the main shaft ends of the first shaft and the second shaft, the first end of the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the main shaft end of the first shaft, and the second end of the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the main shaft end of the second shaft.
Preferably, the fixed plate comprises a plate body and end plates arranged at two ends of the plate body, the plate body is sleeved outside the rotating shaft, a first pin hole is formed in the end plate of the fixed plate, a second pin hole is formed in the end face of the main shaft end, and the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the first shaft and the second shaft through pins arranged in the first pin hole and the second pin hole respectively.
Preferably, the end face of the pin is lower than the end face of the spindle end near the shaft extension end, or the end face of the pin is flush with the end face of the spindle end.
Preferably, the end plate has an inner circular surface matched with the shaft extension end, the diameter of the inner circular surface of the end plate is larger than that of the shaft extension end, and/or the plate body has an inner cambered surface matched with the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft, and the inner cambered surface is matched with the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft.
Preferably, the shaft extension end is sleeved with a rotor baffle, and the rotor baffle is stopped outside the main shaft end.
Preferably, the rotor barrier is an interference fit with the shaft extension.
Preferably, the rotor baffle is further provided with a screw cap, the screw cap is in threaded connection with the shaft extension end, and the screw cap forms axial limit on the rotor baffle.
Preferably, the carbon fiber sheath is in an interference fit with the cylinder.
Preferably, the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder is a smooth surface.
Preferably, the first shaft and the second shaft are made of a magnetically non-conductive material.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a permanent magnet motor comprising a motor rotor as described above.
The application provides a motor rotor which comprises a rotating shaft, fixing plates and a carbon fiber sheath, wherein the rotating shaft comprises a first shaft, a permanent magnet and a second shaft which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction, the fixing plates extend along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the first ends of the fixing plates are fixedly connected to the first shaft, the second ends of the fixing plates are fixedly connected to the second shaft, at least two fixing plates are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential side of the rotating shaft and are spliced into a cylinder, and the carbon fiber sheath is wound on the outer circumferential side of the cylinder. The motor rotor is sleeved with the block type fixing plate outside the rotating shaft formed by the first shaft, the permanent magnet and the second shaft, two ends of the fixing plate are fixedly connected with the first shaft and the second shaft, the fixing plate can be used for fixing the permanent magnet and the radial and axial strength required by the matching of the permanent magnet and the shaft, the carbon fiber sheath is prevented from receiving larger radial and axial effects in the motor rotor moving process, the carbon fiber sheath can be used for providing larger circumferential strength for the permanent magnet, the whole shaft bending resistance of the motor rotor can be effectively improved through the matching of the fixing plate and the carbon fiber sheath, the carbon fiber sheath can directly act on the first shaft, the second shaft and the permanent magnet through the split type fixing plate, the permanent magnet is protected from being structurally safe when the motor rotor rotates at a high speed, the carbon fiber sheath is prevented from generating axial fracture phenomenon in the operation process, the limit rotating speed of the motor is further improved, and the power density of the motor is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a motor rotor according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a motor rotor according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a first shaft of a motor rotor according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a perspective view of a fixing plate of a motor rotor according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 5 is a force analysis diagram of a motor rotor according to an embodiment of the present application.
The reference numerals are expressed as:
1. a fixing plate; 2, a carbon fiber sheath, 3, a first shaft, 4, a permanent magnet, 5, a second shaft, 6, a shaft extension end, 7, a main shaft end, 8, a plate body, 9, an end plate, 10, a first pin hole, 11, a second pin hole, 12, a pin, 13, a rotor baffle, 14 and a nut.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 5 in combination, according to an embodiment of the present application, a motor rotor includes a rotating shaft including a first shaft 3, a permanent magnet 4, and a second shaft 5 sequentially disposed in an axial direction, a fixing plate 1 extending in the axial direction of the rotating shaft, a first end of the fixing plate 1 being fixedly connected to the first shaft 3, a second end of the fixing plate 1 being fixedly connected to the second shaft 5, at least two fixing plates 1 being sequentially disposed in a circumferential direction at an outer circumferential side of the rotating shaft and spliced into a cylinder, and the carbon fiber sheath 2 being wound around the outer circumferential side of the cylinder.
The motor rotor is sleeved with the block type fixing plate 1 outside a rotating shaft formed by the first shaft 3, the permanent magnet 4 and the second shaft 5, two ends of the fixing plate 1 are fixedly connected with the first shaft 3 and the second shaft 5, the fixing plate 1 can be utilized to ensure radial and axial strength required by the permanent magnet 4 and the cooperation of the permanent magnet 4 and the shaft, the carbon fiber sheath 2 is prevented from receiving larger radial and axial effects in the motor rotor moving process, the carbon fiber sheath 2 can be utilized to provide larger circumferential strength for the permanent magnet 4, the whole shaft bending resistance of the motor rotor can be effectively improved through the cooperation of the fixing plate 1 and the carbon fiber sheath 2, the compressive stress can be directly acted on the first shaft 3, the second shaft 5 and the permanent magnet 4 through the split type fixing plate 1, the structural safety of the permanent magnet 4 during high-speed rotation of the motor rotor is protected, the carbon fiber sheath 2 is prevented from generating axial fracture phenomenon in the operation process, the limit rotating speed of the motor is further improved, and the power density of the motor is improved.
The first shaft 3 and the second shaft 5 respectively comprise a shaft extending end 6 and a main shaft end 7, the shaft extending end 6 and the main shaft end 7 form a step structure, the permanent magnet 4 is positioned between the main shaft end 7 of the first shaft 3 and the main shaft end 7 of the second shaft 5, the first end of the fixing plate 1 is fixedly connected to the main shaft end 7 of the first shaft 3, and the second end of the fixing plate 1 is fixedly connected to the main shaft end 7 of the second shaft 5.
The first end and the first axle 3 fixed connection of fixed plate 1, second end and second axle 5 fixed connection, consequently can realize the fixed connection between first axle 3 and the second axle 5 through fixed plate 1, simultaneously, because permanent magnet 4 is located between first axle 3 and the second axle 5, consequently also can form axial and radial spacing to permanent magnet 4 through fixed plate 1, utilize fixed plate 1 to eliminate permanent magnet 4 in the motor rotor course of working to the axial and radial influence of carbon fiber sheath 2, avoid carbon fiber sheath 2 in the motor rotor course of working, take place the phenomenon of axial fracture in the contact position of permanent magnet 4 and first axle 3 or second axle 5.
The fixed plate 1 comprises a plate body 8 and end plates 9 arranged at two ends of the plate body 8, the plate body 8 is sleeved outside the rotating shaft, a first pin hole 10 is formed in the end plate 9 of the fixed plate 1, a second pin hole 11 is formed in the end face of the main shaft end 7, and the fixed plate 1 is fixedly connected with the first shaft 3 and the fixed plate 1 and the second shaft 5 through pins 12 arranged in the first pin hole 10 and the second pin hole 11 respectively.
The fixing plate 1 is made of non-magnetic conductive material, and can be specifically stainless steel or non-magnetic conductive alloy. The fixed plate 1 is fixedly connected with the first shaft 3 and the second shaft 5 through the end plates 9 at two ends, so that axial limiting of the fixed plate 1 on the first shaft 3, the permanent magnets 4 and the second shaft 5 can be realized through the end plates 9 at two ends, and meanwhile, the fixed connection of the fixed plate 1 with the first shaft 3, the permanent magnets 4 and the second shaft 5 in the radial direction and the circumferential direction can be realized through the pins 12.
The two sides of the fixed plate 1 are respectively provided with a first pin hole 10, the main shaft ends 7 of the first shaft 3 and the second shaft 5 are respectively provided with a second pin hole 11, each main shaft end 7 is provided with N (N is more than or equal to 2) second pin holes 11, the number of the fixed plates 1 is also N, one end of each fixed plate 1 is provided with 1 first pin hole 10, and therefore the fixed connection between each fixed plate 1 and the main shaft end 7 can be realized. The N fixing plates 1 can be spliced into a complete cylinder to realize the installation cooperation with the rotating shaft.
The end plate 9 has an inner circular surface which is matched with the shaft extension end 6, and the diameter of the inner circular surface of the end plate 9 is larger than that of the shaft extension end 6, so that the inner circular surface of the end plate 9 can be fully matched with the outer circumferential surface of the shaft extension end 6.
The plate body 8 is provided with an inner cambered surface matched with the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft, the inner cambered surface is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft, the fixing plate 1 can be fully contacted with the first shaft 3, the permanent magnet 4 and the second shaft 5, and the structural integrity and consistency of the motor rotor are guaranteed.
The back chipping treatment is carried out at the inboard apex angle department of fixed plate 1, avoid fixed plate 1 to take place to interfere between inboard apex angle department and first axle 3 or second axle 5, guarantee to fully cooperate in place between fixed plate 1 and first axle 3 and the second axle 5 for the medial surface of two end plates 9 of fixed plate 1 can be hugged closely on the terminal surface of main shaft end 7 of first axle 3 and second axle 5, make can press fit between first axle 3 and second axle 5 and the permanent magnet 4, fixed plate 1 can play effectual connection fixed action.
In one embodiment, the end face of the pin 12 is lower than the end face of the spindle end 7 near the shaft extension end 6, or the end face of the pin 12 is flush with the end face of the spindle end 7, so that the pin 12 can effectively connect the rotating shaft with the fixed plate 1, and interference caused by use of the pin 12 to the whole assembly of the motor rotor is avoided.
The first shaft 3 and the second shaft 5 are supported by non-magnetic materials such as stainless steel or non-magnetic alloy, so that the axial magnetic leakage of the permanent magnet 4 can be effectively reduced.
The rotor baffle 13 is sleeved on the shaft extension end 6, the rotor baffle 13 is stopped outside the main shaft end 7, the pin 12 can be axially limited, the pin 12 is prevented from falling out of the first pin hole 10 of the fixed plate 1, and the stability and reliability of the whole structure of the motor rotor are improved.
In one embodiment, the interference fit between the rotor baffle 13 and the shaft extension end 6 can effectively ensure the stability of the fit structure between the rotor baffle 13 and the shaft extension end 6.
The rotor baffle 13 is also provided with a screw cap 14, the screw cap 14 is in threaded connection with the shaft extension end 6, and the screw cap 14 forms axial limit on the rotor baffle 13, so that the rotor baffle 13 is kept at a locking position, and the rotor baffle 13 is prevented from axial displacement. External threads can be arranged on the shaft extension end 6, and the external threads of the shaft extension end 6 are matched with the screw cap 14, so that the screw cap 14 is locked and fixed on the first shaft 3 or the second shaft 5.
The interference fit between the carbon fiber sheath 2 and the cylinder can ensure that the compressive stress of the carbon fiber sheath 2 can be fully transferred to the fixing plate 1.
The outer peripheral surface of the cylinder is a smooth surface, so that the problem that the carbon fiber sheath 2 is axially broken due to friction action on the carbon fiber sheath 2 in the working process of the motor rotor can be avoided.
The first shaft 3 and the second shaft 5 are made of a non-magnetically conductive material.
The assembling process of the motor rotor comprises the steps of splicing the first shaft 3, the permanent magnet 4 and the second shaft 5, installing the fixing plate 1, locking the fixing plate 1, the first shaft 3 and the second shaft 5 into an integrated structure through the pins 12, respectively assembling the rotor baffle 13 on the first shaft 3 and the second shaft 5 according to the heating temperature of the rotor baffle 13 by the interference amount, enabling the rotor baffle 13 to be in interference fit with the first shaft 3 and the second shaft 5, then assembling the nuts 14, tightly locking the inner end faces of the two sides of the fixing plate 1 to the end faces of the main shaft ends 7 of the first shaft 3 and the second shaft 5 through the nuts 14, and therefore the whole motor rotor has bending resistance, and the radial acting force (namely compressive stress) between the fixing plate 1 and the first shaft 3, the permanent magnet 4 and the second shaft 5 is small. Finally, the carbon fiber is wound around the outer surface of the fixing plate 1, and the carbon fiber tension is ensured to be consistent in the whole winding process. After winding, baking the whole motor rotor at a certain temperature to shape the carbon fiber sheath 2, and naturally cooling to complete the manufacture of the whole motor rotor.
With reference to fig. 5, due to the adoption of the segmented fixing plate structure, the compressive stress of the carbon fiber sheath 2 on the fixing plate 1 can directly act on the first shaft 3, the permanent magnet 4 and the second shaft 5 through the force transmission effect, and according to the force interaction principle, the centrifugal force born by the permanent magnet 4 also directly acts on the carbon fiber sheath 2 when the rotor rotates at high speed, so that the actual centrifugal force born by the permanent magnet 4 is F2-F1 when the motor rotor rotates, wherein F1 is the centrifugal force born by the motor rotor when the motor rotor rotates, and F2 is the pressure of the carbon fiber sheath 2 on the permanent magnet when the motor rotor rotates at static state.
The circumferential strength of the carbon fiber sheath 2 is more than or equal to 1800MPa (which is far higher than the current high-strength alloy sheath), so that the structure safety of the fixing plate 1 and the permanent magnet 4 can be effectively protected, and the axial fracture problem of the carbon fiber sheath 2 can be effectively solved because the carbon fiber is wound on the smooth outer surface of the fixing plate 1 and cannot be subjected to additional friction or cutting action.
According to an embodiment of the application, the permanent magnet motor comprises a motor rotor, which is the motor rotor described above.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above advantageous ways can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the application. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the application.