CN112428778A - Heat pump air conditioner heating method, heat pump air conditioner and electric vehicle - Google Patents
Heat pump air conditioner heating method, heat pump air conditioner and electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112428778A CN112428778A CN202011303605.XA CN202011303605A CN112428778A CN 112428778 A CN112428778 A CN 112428778A CN 202011303605 A CN202011303605 A CN 202011303605A CN 112428778 A CN112428778 A CN 112428778A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
- B60H1/2218—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters controlling the operation of electric heaters
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- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a heat pump air conditioner heating method, a heat pump air conditioner and an electric vehicle. The heat pump air conditioner heating method comprises the following steps: determining a condensation temperature based on the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity; acquiring the low-pressure temperature and the high-pressure temperature of a refrigerant of an air conditioner; determining the operation state of an outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner based on the ambient temperature, the low-pressure temperature and the condensation temperature, wherein the operation state comprises a critical icing state and a non-icing state; if the outdoor heat exchanger operates in a critical icing state, reducing the rotating speed of a compressor of the air conditioner so as to control the outdoor heat exchanger to operate in a non-icing state; performing PI regulation on the compressor to perform heating only through the compressor; or PI regulating the operation power of the PTC heater of the air conditioner to assist heating through the PTC heater. Therefore, the embodiment can avoid the icing phenomenon of the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner, and fundamentally solves the problem of energy consumption increase caused by repeated deicing operation.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to an air conditioning technology, in particular to a heat pump air conditioner heating method, a heat pump air conditioner and an electric vehicle.
Background
Currently, new energy vehicles are widely used. In order to reduce the energy consumption of heating of the whole vehicle in winter, a heat pump air-conditioning mode is adopted for heating of a new energy vehicle developed recently. However, in wet weather in winter, the outdoor heat exchanger of the heat pump air conditioner is easy to freeze, when the air conditioner freezes, the air conditioner can start an automatic deicing function, frequent deicing can increase energy consumption, and when the air conditioner is in a deicing mode, the fluctuation of the air outlet temperature in the vehicle can cause discomfort in body feeling, and user experience is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a heat pump air conditioner heating method, a heat pump air conditioner and an electric vehicle. So as to avoid the icing of the outdoor heat exchanger when the air conditioner heats.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a heat pump air conditioner heating method, including:
determining a condensation temperature based on the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity;
acquiring the low-pressure temperature and the high-pressure temperature of the refrigerant of the air conditioner;
determining an operating state of an outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner based on the ambient temperature, the low-pressure temperature and the condensation temperature, wherein the operating state comprises a critical icing state and a non-icing state;
if the outdoor heat exchanger operates in the critical icing state, reducing the rotating speed of a compressor of the air conditioner so as to control the outdoor heat exchanger to operate in the non-icing state;
performing PI regulation on the compressor to perform heating only through the compressor; or performing PI regulation on the operation power of a PTC heater of the air conditioner so as to assist heating through the PTC heater.
Optionally, the determining the operation state of the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner based on the ambient temperature, the low-pressure temperature and the condensation temperature includes:
if the difference value between the ambient temperature and the low-pressure temperature is less than or equal to the condensation temperature, determining that an outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner is in a non-icing state;
and if the difference value between the environment temperature and the low-pressure temperature is greater than the condensation temperature, determining that the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner is in a critical icing state.
Optionally, the compressor is PI regulated to perform heating only by the compressor; or, performing PI regulation on the operation power of a PTC heater of the air conditioner to assist heating through the PTC heater, including:
if the high-pressure temperature is less than or equal to the lowest target air outlet temperature, controlling the electric compressor to maintain the current rotating speed, and adjusting the operating power of a PTC heater of the air conditioner to perform temperature compensation through the PTC heater, wherein the temperature compensated by the PTC heater is determined according to the comparison result of the high-pressure temperature and the lowest target air outlet temperature as well as the highest target air outlet temperature, and the lowest target air outlet temperature and the highest target air outlet temperature are determined according to the environment temperature, the indoor temperature, the sunlight intensity and the target required temperature;
and if the high-pressure temperature is higher than the lowest target air outlet temperature, heating only through the electric compressor, and correcting the rotating speed of the compressor according to a comparison result of the high-pressure temperature, the lowest target air outlet temperature and the highest target air outlet temperature.
Optionally, after determining the operation state of the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner based on the ambient temperature, the low pressure temperature and the condensation temperature, the method further includes:
and if the outdoor heat exchanger operates in the non-icing state, adjusting the rotating speed of the compressor based on the comparison result of the high-pressure temperature, the lowest target air-out temperature and the highest target air-out temperature so as to heat only through the compressor, wherein the lowest target air-out temperature and the highest target air-out temperature are determined according to the environment temperature, the indoor temperature, the sunlight intensity and the target required temperature.
Optionally, based on a comparison result between the high-pressure temperature and the lowest target outlet air temperature and the highest target outlet air temperature, adjusting the rotation speed of the compressor includes:
if the high-pressure temperature is greater than or equal to the highest target air-out temperature, controlling the compressor to reduce the rotating speed so as to adjust the high-pressure temperature to a target temperature range, and correcting the rotating speed of the compressor according to the comparison result of the current high-pressure temperature, the lowest target air-out temperature and the highest target air-out temperature; wherein the target temperature range is between the lowest target outlet air temperature and the highest target outlet air temperature;
if the high-pressure temperature is lower than the highest target air-out temperature and is greater than or equal to the lowest target air-out temperature, correcting the rotating speed of the compressor according to the comparison result of the high-pressure temperature, the lowest target air-out temperature and the highest target air-out temperature;
and if the high-pressure temperature is lower than the lowest target air-out temperature, controlling the compressor to increase the rotating speed so as to adjust the high-pressure temperature to the target temperature range, and correcting the rotating speed of the compressor according to the comparison result of the current high-pressure temperature, the lowest target air-out temperature and the highest target air-out temperature.
Optionally, before determining the condensation temperature based on the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity, the method further comprises:
acquiring the ambient temperature, the indoor temperature and the sunlight intensity output by a sensor at a preset position;
determining a target outlet air temperature based on the ambient temperature, the indoor temperature, the solar intensity and a target required temperature, wherein the target required temperature is set by a user;
and determining the highest target air outlet temperature and the lowest target air outlet temperature based on the target air outlet temperature and a preset correction value.
Optionally, after acquiring the ambient temperature, the indoor temperature and the sunlight intensity output by the sensor at the preset position, the method further includes:
an initial rotational speed of the compressor is determined based on the ambient temperature.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a heat pump air conditioner, including:
a compressor;
the PTC heater is used for assisting in heating;
a controller configured to:
determining a condensation temperature based on the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity;
acquiring the low-pressure temperature and the high-pressure temperature of the refrigerant of the air conditioner;
determining an operating state of an outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner based on the ambient temperature, the low-pressure temperature and the condensation temperature, wherein the operating state comprises a critical icing state and a non-icing state;
if the outdoor heat exchanger operates in the critical icing state, reducing the rotating speed of a compressor of the air conditioner so as to control the outdoor heat exchanger to operate in the non-icing state;
performing PI regulation on the compressor to perform heating only through the compressor; or performing PI regulation on the operation power of a PTC heater of the air conditioner so as to assist heating through the PTC heater.
Optionally, the controller is further configured to:
if the high-pressure temperature is less than or equal to the lowest target air outlet temperature, controlling the electric compressor to maintain the current rotating speed, and adjusting the operating power of a PTC heater of the air conditioner to perform temperature compensation through the PTC heater, wherein the temperature compensated by the PTC heater is determined according to the comparison result of the high-pressure temperature and the lowest target air outlet temperature as well as the highest target air outlet temperature, and the lowest target air outlet temperature and the highest target air outlet temperature are determined according to the environment temperature, the indoor temperature, the sunlight intensity and the target required temperature;
and if the high-pressure temperature is higher than the lowest target air outlet temperature, heating only through the electric compressor, and correcting the rotating speed of the compressor according to a comparison result of the high-pressure temperature, the lowest target air outlet temperature and the highest target air outlet temperature.
In a third aspect, the embodiment of the invention further provides an electric vehicle, which comprises the heat pump air conditioner in any embodiment of the invention.
According to the heat pump air conditioner heating method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the current condensation temperature is determined according to the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity, whether the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner has a condensation risk is determined according to the relationship among the ambient temperature, the low-pressure temperature of the refrigerant and the condensation temperature, and when the outdoor heat exchanger is determined to have the condensation risk, the rotating speed of a compressor of the air conditioner is reduced so as to reduce the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger and the ambient temperature, so that the outdoor heat exchanger is controlled to be free from the condensation risk, and icing is avoided. And judging the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner, and correcting the rotating speed of the compressor according to the actual air outlet temperature when the air outlet temperature at the moment can reach the target air outlet temperature so as to enable the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner to meet the requirement. When the air outlet temperature at the moment can not reach the target air outlet temperature, the heat compensation is carried out through the PTC heater, the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner reaches the set air outlet temperature, and the icing is avoided. It can be seen that this embodiment avoids the phenomenon of icing to appear in the outdoor heat exchanger of air conditioner through carrying out real-time supervision to the actual operation condition of air conditioner to fundamentally solved among the prior art because freeze and carry out the energy consumption increase problem that deicing operation leads to repeatedly, and because the problem of icing can not appear, therefore the air conditioner need not to carry out deicing operation, can avoid appearing the fluctuation of air-out temperature greatly and lead to body to feel uncomfortable problem from this.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a heat pump air conditioner heating method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of another heat pump air conditioner heating method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of another heat pump air conditioner heating method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a heat pump air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It is to be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only a part of the structure relating to the present invention is shown in the drawings, not the whole structure.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a heat pump air conditioner heating method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method is applicable to a case where heat pump air conditioner heating is used and there is a demand for air conditioner power consumption. For example, in south regions with high humidity, when an electric vehicle uses a heat pump air conditioner to heat, the heat exchanger is likely to freeze. And when the heat exchanger freezes, the air conditioner can start the deicing function to increase the consumption of air conditioner, make electric vehicle's continuation of the journey mileage receive the influence. Referring to fig. 1, the heat pump air conditioner heating method includes the steps of:
and S110, determining the condensation temperature based on the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity.
When the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner and the ambient temperature reaches the condensation temperature, dew appears on the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger due to the liquefaction and condensation of water vapor, and then the icing phenomenon is generated. And different temperatures and humidities correspond to different condensation temperatures, so that the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity can be collected in real time to determine the condensation temperature.
For example, a corresponding relation table of the condensation temperature and the ambient humidity may be configured in advance, and after the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity are obtained, the corresponding condensation temperature is obtained by looking up the table.
And S120, acquiring the low-pressure temperature and the high-pressure temperature of the refrigerant of the air conditioner.
During the working process of the air conditioner, the refrigerant is continuously evaporated and condensed in the air conditioner, so that the absorption and the release of energy are realized, and the temperature regulation function of the air conditioner is realized.
The low-pressure temperature of the refrigerant is used for determining the surface temperature of an outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner, and the high-pressure temperature of the refrigerant is used for determining the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner.
The low-pressure temperature and the high-pressure temperature of the refrigerant have a corresponding relation with the rotating speed of a compressor of the air conditioner, and when the rotating speed of the compressor is higher, the low-pressure temperature of the refrigerant is lower, and the high-pressure temperature of the refrigerant is higher; the lower the rotation speed of the compressor, the higher the low-pressure temperature of the refrigerant and the lower the high-pressure temperature.
And S130, determining the operation state of the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner based on the ambient temperature, the low-pressure temperature and the condensation temperature, wherein the operation state comprises a critical icing state and a non-icing state.
Under a certain ambient temperature, the higher the rotating speed of the compressor of the air conditioner is, the lower the low-pressure temperature Lpt-t of the refrigerant is, namely, the lower the surface temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger is, so that the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger and the ambient temperature is larger and larger. When the temperature difference reaches a certain degree, the freezing can be caused, so that whether the outdoor heat exchanger has a condensation risk or not can be determined by comparing the difference value of the ambient temperature and the low-pressure temperature with the condensation temperature, when the condensation risk exists, the outdoor heat exchanger works in a critical freezing state, otherwise, the outdoor heat exchanger is determined to have no condensation risk, namely, the outdoor heat exchanger works in a non-freezing state. Different humidity causes icing on the surface with different temperature differences, and generally, the larger the humidity is, the smaller the temperature difference is.
Thus, the method of determining the operating state of the outdoor heat exchanger may be specifically optimized as follows:
if the difference value between the ambient temperature and the low-pressure temperature is less than or equal to the condensation temperature, determining that the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner is in a non-icing state;
and if the difference value between the ambient temperature and the low-pressure temperature is greater than the condensation temperature, determining that the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner is in a critical icing state.
In some embodiments, in order to improve the detection accuracy and ensure that the air conditioner operates safely in a non-icing state, a safety parameter is configured for the condensation temperature to correct the condensation temperature, that is, a difference value between the ambient temperature and the low-pressure temperature is compared with the corrected condensation temperature to determine whether the condensation risk exists in the outdoor heat exchanger, and the detection accuracy can be specifically calculated by the following formula:
T-amb-Lpt_t≤T_Dew+SM (1)
in the formula: t is-ambIs the ambient temperature, Lpt_tAt low pressure temperature, T_DewThe condensation temperature;
SM is a safety parameter, and the condensation temperature is corrected by configuring the safety parameter, so that the operation state of the air conditioner is determined based on the comparison result with the corrected condensation temperature.
In the formula (1), if T is-amb-Lpt_t≤T_Dew+ SM is established, which indicates that there is no condensation risk at this time, and the outdoor heat exchanger is in a non-icing state; if it is T-amb-Lpt_t≤T_DewIf + SM is not established, it indicates that there is condensation risk, and the outdoor heat exchanger is working in critical icing state.
And S140, if the outdoor heat exchanger operates in the critical icing state, reducing the rotating speed of a compressor of the air conditioner so as to control the outdoor heat exchanger to operate in the non-icing state.
The outdoor heat exchanger operates in a critical icing state, and if the outdoor heat exchanger is not controlled, the outdoor heat exchanger has an icing risk. At the moment, the compressor is controlled to reduce the rotating speed, the surface temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger is improved, so that the difference value between the surface temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger and the ambient temperature is reduced until the difference value is lower than the condensation temperature, and the outdoor heat exchanger does not have the condensation problem and is separated from the freezing risk.
S150, performing PI regulation on the compressor to only heat through the compressor; or PI regulating the operation power of the PTC heater of the air conditioner to assist heating through the PTC heater.
After the rotating speed of the compressor of the air conditioner is reduced, whether the actual air outlet temperature of the air conditioner reaches the required air outlet temperature is judged. If the actual air outlet temperature of the air conditioner reaches the requirement, the heat provided by the compressor meets the heating requirement, and therefore the actual air outlet temperature of the air conditioner can reach the target air outlet temperature only by carrying out PI regulation on the rotating speed of the compressor.
And if the actual air outlet temperature of the air conditioner does not meet the requirement, the heat provided by the compressor cannot meet the heating requirement, and at the moment, the heat compensation is carried out through the PTC heater by adjusting the operating power of the PTC heater so as to assist the compressor to heat until the actual air outlet temperature of the air conditioner reaches the target air outlet temperature.
The principle of the heat pump air conditioner heating method is as follows: the condensation temperature under the current environment is firstly determined, whether condensation risks exist in an outdoor compressor of the air conditioner is detected based on the condensation temperature, when the condensation risks exist, the rotating speed of the compressor is adjusted to avoid icing of the air conditioner, insufficient heat is compensated by the PTC heater, and the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner meets the requirements.
According to the heat pump air conditioner heating method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the current condensation temperature is determined according to the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity, whether the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner has a condensation risk is determined according to the relationship among the ambient temperature, the low-pressure temperature of the refrigerant and the condensation temperature, and when the outdoor heat exchanger is determined to have the condensation risk, the rotating speed of a compressor of the air conditioner is reduced so as to reduce the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger and the ambient temperature, so that the outdoor heat exchanger is controlled to be free from the condensation risk, and icing is avoided. And judging the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner, and correcting the rotating speed of the compressor according to the actual air outlet temperature when the air outlet temperature at the moment can reach the target air outlet temperature so as to enable the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner to meet the requirement. When the air outlet temperature at the moment can not reach the target air outlet temperature, the heat compensation is carried out through the PTC heater, the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner reaches the set air outlet temperature, and the icing is avoided. It can be seen that this embodiment avoids the phenomenon of icing to appear in the outdoor heat exchanger of air conditioner through carrying out real-time supervision to the actual operation condition of air conditioner to fundamentally solved among the prior art because freeze and carry out the energy consumption increase problem that deicing operation leads to repeatedly, and because the problem of icing can not appear, therefore the air conditioner need not to carry out deicing operation, can avoid appearing the fluctuation of air-out temperature greatly and lead to body to feel uncomfortable problem from this.
Optionally, on the basis of the above technical solution, before determining the condensation temperature based on the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity, the method further includes:
acquiring the ambient temperature, the indoor temperature and the sunlight intensity output by a sensor at a preset position;
determining a target outlet air temperature based on the ambient temperature, the indoor temperature, the sunlight intensity and a target required temperature, wherein the target required temperature is set by a user;
and determining the highest target air outlet temperature and the lowest target air outlet temperature based on the target air outlet temperature and a preset correction value.
Wherein, through ambient temperature, indoor temperature, sunshine intensity and the target demand temperature that the user set for, the accessible is following the formula and is calculated target air-out temperature:
Td＝A*(Tcab)+B*(Tamb)+C*(Tsun)-D*(Tset)+E (2)
in the formula: t isdIs the target outlet air temperature, TcabIs the in-vehicle temperature, TambIs ambient temperature, TsunIs the intensity of sunlight, TsetTo set the temperature, A, B, C, D, E is a calibration constant.
In one embodiment, after the target outlet air temperature is determined, the highest target outlet air temperature and the lowest target outlet air temperature are determined by the following formulas:
in the formula: t isdIs the target air-out temperature, Deltat is the compensation value, tFloatFor a preset correction value, Td-minIs the lowest target outlet air temperature, Td-maxThe target maximum outlet air temperature.
Since the initial rotational speed of the compressor needs to be determined before the rotational speed of the compressor is adjusted. Optionally, after obtaining the ambient temperature, the indoor temperature and the sunlight intensity output by the sensor at the preset position, the method further includes:
an initial speed of the compressor is determined based on the ambient temperature.
The initial rotating speed of the compressor has a corresponding relation with the ambient temperature, and the initial rotating speed of the air conditioner can be determined through a pre-configured corresponding relation table.
Illustratively, the table one is a corresponding relation table of the ambient temperature and the initial rotation speed of the compressor, and after the ambient temperature is acquired, the corresponding initial rotation speed can be obtained through table lookup.
Watch 1
| Ambient temperature | ℃ | Initial speed of compressor | rpm |
| T_amb 10 | T1 | Comp_HX_10 | speed 1 |
| T_amb 20 | T2 | Comp_HX_20 | speed 2 |
| T_amb 30 | T3 | Comp_HX_30 | speed 3 |
| |
T4 | Comp_HX_40 | speed 4 |
| T_amb 50 | T5 | Comp_HX_50 | speed 5 |
| T_amb 60 | T6 | Comp_HX_60 | speed 6 |
Optionally, fig. 2 is a flowchart of another heat pump air conditioner heating method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the embodiment is optimized based on the foregoing embodiment, and referring to fig. 2, the method includes the following steps:
and S210, determining the condensation temperature based on the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity.
And S220, acquiring the low-pressure temperature and the high-pressure temperature of the refrigerant of the air conditioner.
And S230, determining the operation state of the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner based on the ambient temperature, the low-pressure temperature and the condensation temperature, wherein the operation state comprises a critical icing state and a non-icing state.
And S240, if the outdoor heat exchanger operates in the critical icing state, reducing the rotating speed of a compressor of the air conditioner so as to control the outdoor heat exchanger to operate in the non-icing state.
And S250, if the high-pressure temperature is less than or equal to the lowest target air outlet temperature, controlling the electric compressor to maintain the current rotating speed, and adjusting the operating power of a PTC heater of the air conditioner to perform temperature compensation through the PTC heater, wherein the temperature compensated by the PTC heater is determined according to the comparison result of the high-pressure temperature and the lowest target air outlet temperature and the highest target air outlet temperature, and the lowest target air outlet temperature and the highest target air outlet temperature are determined according to the ambient temperature, the indoor temperature, the sunlight intensity and the target required temperature.
According to the embodiment, the high-pressure temperature of the refrigerant represents the actual air outlet temperature of the air conditioner, so that the high-pressure temperature is compared with the set target air outlet temperature to realize temperature feedback, and the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner is in the target temperature range. The target temperature range is between the lowest target outlet air temperature and the highest target outlet air temperature.
If the high-pressure temperature is less than or equal to the lowest target air outlet temperature, the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner at the moment cannot meet the temperature requirement, and if the rotating speed of the air conditioner is increased, the air conditioner is caused to be frozen by the condensation risk, so that the outdoor heat exchanger is prevented from being frozen, heat compensation is carried out by adjusting the operation power of the PTC heater of the air conditioner, and the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner meets the requirement through the combination of heating of the compressor and auxiliary heating of the PTC heater.
The operation power of the PTC heater is specifically corrected according to a comparison result of the high-pressure temperature acquired in real time, the lowest air outlet temperature and the highest air outlet temperature, and specifically, when the high-pressure temperature acquired in real time is higher than the highest air outlet temperature, the operation power of the PTC heater is reduced so as to reduce the air outlet temperature to be within a target temperature range; when the real-time collected high-pressure temperature is lower than the lowest air outlet temperature, the operation power of the PTC heater is increased so as to increase the air outlet temperature to be within the target temperature range.
And S260, if the high-pressure temperature is higher than the lowest target air-out temperature, heating only through the electric compressor, and correcting the rotating speed of the compressor according to the comparison result of the high-pressure temperature, the lowest target air-out temperature and the highest target air-out temperature.
If the high-pressure temperature is higher than the lowest air outlet temperature, the heat provided by the compressor meets the heating requirement, and therefore the compressor is only used for heating.
Similarly, the rotation speed of the compressor needs to be dynamically corrected according to the comparison result between the high-pressure temperature acquired in real time and the lowest air outlet temperature and the highest air outlet temperature, so that the actual air outlet temperature of the air conditioner is within the target temperature range.
According to the heat pump air conditioner heating method provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the high-pressure temperature of the refrigerant of the air conditioner is detected to be less than or equal to the lowest target temperature, the heat provided by the compressor at the moment is determined to not meet the heating requirement, if the rotating speed of the compressor is increased, the outdoor heat exchanger has the risk of icing, and at the moment, the heat compensation is carried out through the PTC heater by adjusting the operating power of the PTC heater on the basis of the heat provided by the compressor, so that the outlet air temperature of the air conditioner reaches the required temperature, and the icing of the outdoor heat exchanger is avoided; and when the high-pressure temperature is higher than the lowest target air outlet temperature, the heat provided by the compressor is determined to meet the heating requirement, the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner is not frozen, and the compressor is directly used for heating. It can be seen that, on the basis of judging whether the air conditioner has a condensation risk, the high-pressure temperature of the refrigerant is compared with the required lowest target air-out temperature and the highest target air-out temperature, when the heat provided by the compressor of the air conditioner meets the requirement, the heat is directly heated by the compressor, and when the heat provided by the compressor cannot meet the requirement, the heat compensation is performed by the PTC heater, so that the icing of the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner is avoided, and the problem of energy consumption increase caused by the fact that the air conditioner works in the deicing mode is fundamentally solved.
Optionally, on the basis of the above technical solution, after determining the operating state of the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner based on the ambient temperature, the low-pressure temperature, and the condensation temperature, the method further includes:
and if the outdoor heat exchanger operates in a non-icing state, adjusting the rotating speed of the compressor based on the comparison result of the high-pressure temperature, the lowest target air-out temperature and the highest target air-out temperature so as to heat only through the compressor, wherein the lowest target air-out temperature and the highest target air-out temperature are determined according to the environment temperature, the indoor temperature, the sunlight intensity and the target required temperature.
If the outdoor heat exchanger is operated in the non-icing state, the heat provided by the compressor meets the requirements of users, and the heating capacity of the air conditioner is correspondingly adjusted only by adjusting the rotating speed of the compressor, so that the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner reaches the target set temperature.
Specifically, if the high-pressure temperature is greater than or equal to the highest target air-out temperature, the compressor is controlled to reduce the rotating speed so as to adjust the high-pressure temperature to a target temperature range, and the rotating speed of the compressor is corrected according to the comparison result of the current high-pressure temperature, the lowest target air-out temperature and the highest target air-out temperature; the target temperature range is between the lowest target air outlet temperature and the highest target air outlet temperature;
if the high-pressure temperature is lower than the highest target air-out temperature and is greater than or equal to the lowest target air-out temperature, correcting the rotating speed of the compressor according to the comparison result of the high-pressure temperature, the lowest target air-out temperature and the highest target air-out temperature;
and if the high-pressure temperature is lower than the lowest target air-out temperature, controlling the compressor to increase the rotating speed so as to adjust the high-pressure temperature to a target temperature range, and correcting the rotating speed of the compressor according to a comparison result of the current high-pressure temperature, the lowest target air-out temperature and the highest target air-out temperature.
Optionally, fig. 3 is a flowchart of another heat pump air conditioner heating method according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is optimized based on the foregoing embodiment, and with reference to fig. 3, the method specifically includes the following steps:
and S310, reading sensor parameters.
The sensor parameters comprise ambient temperature, temperature in the vehicle, sunlight intensity, low-pressure temperature and high-pressure temperature of the air-conditioning refrigerator.
And S320, determining the initial rotating speed of the compressor.
The initial rotating speed of the compressor is in corresponding relation with the ambient temperature, and the corresponding initial rotating speed is determined through the acquired ambient temperature.
S330, determining the target air outlet temperature of the air conditioner.
Specifically, the target air outlet temperature of the air conditioner is calculated according to the following formula:
Td＝A*(Tcab)+B*(Tamb)+C*(Tsun)-D*(Tset)+E (2)
in the formula: t isdIs the target outlet air temperature, TcabIs the in-vehicle temperature, TambIs ambient temperature, TsunIs the intensity of sunlight, TsetTo set the temperature, A, B, C, D, E is a calibration constant.
And S340, comparing the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the low-pressure temperature with the condensation temperature.
Wherein the condensation temperature is calculated according to the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity.
If the temperature difference between the environment temperature and the low-pressure temperature is greater than the condensation temperature, indicating that the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner has a condensation risk, and then entering step S350;
if the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the low-pressure temperature is less than or equal to the condensation temperature, it indicates that there is no condensation risk in the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner, and then step S370 is executed.
It should be noted that, in actual use, the condensation temperature needs to be calibrated according to the actual operation condition of the air conditioner, so that the condensation temperature is compensated through the safety parameters of the signs, and the comparison result can truly reflect whether the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner has condensation risks.
And S350, PI calculation is carried out, and the running rotating speed of the compressor is reduced through correction.
And reducing the rotating speed of the compressor until the difference between the ambient temperature and the current voltage temperature is less than or equal to the condensation temperature, namely the outdoor heat exchanger has no condensation risk.
And S360, correcting the operating power of the PTC heater according to the high-pressure temperature and the lowest target air outlet temperature.
The rotation speed of the compressor is maintained at this time to prevent the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner from being frozen. And the insufficient heat is compensated by the PTC heater, so that the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner reaches the target air outlet temperature.
And S361, outputting the rotating speed of the compressor and the PTC power.
And S370, comparing whether the high-pressure temperature is greater than or equal to the highest target outlet air temperature.
If the high-pressure temperature is greater than or equal to the highest target air-out temperature, executing step S380;
otherwise, if the high-pressure temperature is lower than the highest outlet air temperature, step S390 is executed.
In this embodiment, the preset correction value is set to 2, that is, the temperature lower than the compensated target outlet air temperature by 2 degrees is determined as the target minimum outlet air temperature, and the temperature higher than the compensated target outlet air temperature by 2 degrees is determined as the target maximum outlet air temperature. For example, if the target outlet air temperature after compensation is 32 degrees, the minimum target outlet air temperature is 30 degrees, and the target maximum outlet air temperature is 34 degrees.
And S380, PI calculation is carried out, and the rotating speed of the compressor is corrected and reduced.
And correcting the rotating speed of the compressor to enable the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner to be within the target temperature range.
And S390, comparing whether the high-pressure temperature is less than or equal to the lowest target air outlet temperature.
If the high-pressure temperature is less than or equal to the lowest target outlet air temperature, executing step S391;
otherwise, step S392 is executed.
And S391, PI calculation is carried out, and the rotating speed of the compressor is corrected and increased.
At the moment, the rotating speed of the compressor is corrected and increased, so that the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner is in the target temperature range.
And S392, operating according to the current rotating speed, and controlling the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner within the target temperature range.
And S400, ending.
Optionally, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an air conditioner, fig. 4 is a block diagram of a heat pump air conditioner provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 4, the air conditioner 40 includes:
a compressor 410;
a PTC heater 420 for assisting heating;
a controller 430, the controller 430 configured to:
determining a condensation temperature based on the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity;
acquiring a low pressure temperature and a high pressure temperature of a refrigerant of the air conditioner 40;
determining the operation state of the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner 40 based on the ambient temperature, the low-pressure temperature and the condensation temperature, wherein the operation state comprises a critical icing state and a non-icing state;
if the outdoor heat exchanger operates in the critical icing state, reducing the rotating speed of the compressor 410 of the air conditioner 40 to control the outdoor heat exchanger to operate in the non-icing state;
PI regulation is performed on the compressor 410 to perform heating only by the compressor 410; alternatively, the operation power of the PTC heater 420 of the air conditioner 40 is PI-regulated to assist heating by the PTC heater 420.
The compressor 410 in this embodiment is an electric compressor 410, and the controller 430 can adjust the heating effect by adjusting the rotation speed of the electric compressor 410.
Optionally, on the basis of the foregoing technical solution, the controller 430 is further configured to:
if the difference between the ambient temperature and the low-pressure temperature is less than or equal to the condensation temperature, determining that the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner 40 is in a non-icing state;
if the difference between the ambient temperature and the low-pressure temperature is greater than the condensation temperature, it is determined that the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner 40 is in a critical icing state.
Optionally, on the basis of the foregoing technical solution, the controller 430 is further configured to:
if the high-pressure temperature is less than or equal to the lowest target outlet air temperature, controlling the electric compressor 410 to maintain the current rotating speed, and adjusting the operating power of the PTC heater 420 of the air conditioner 40 to perform temperature compensation through the PTC heater 420, wherein the temperature compensated by the PTC heater 420 is determined according to the comparison result of the high-pressure temperature and the lowest target outlet air temperature and the highest target outlet air temperature, and the lowest target outlet air temperature and the highest target outlet air temperature are determined according to the ambient temperature, the indoor temperature, the sunlight intensity and the target required temperature;
if the high-pressure temperature is higher than the lowest target outlet air temperature, the electric compressor 410 is used for heating, and the rotating speed of the compressor 410 is corrected according to the comparison result of the high-pressure temperature, the lowest target outlet air temperature and the highest target outlet air temperature.
Optionally, on the basis of the foregoing technical solution, the controller 430 is further configured to:
if the outdoor heat exchanger operates in a non-icing state, the rotating speed of the compressor 410 is adjusted based on the comparison result of the high-pressure temperature and the lowest target outlet air temperature and the highest target outlet air temperature, so that heating is performed only by the compressor 410, wherein the lowest target outlet air temperature and the highest target outlet air temperature are determined according to the ambient temperature, the indoor temperature, the sunlight intensity and the target required temperature.
Optionally, on the basis of the foregoing technical solution, the controller 430 is further configured to:
if the high-pressure temperature is greater than or equal to the highest target outlet air temperature, controlling the compressor 410 to reduce the rotating speed so as to adjust the high-pressure temperature to the target temperature range, and correcting the rotating speed of the compressor 410 according to the comparison result of the current high-pressure temperature, the lowest target outlet air temperature and the highest target outlet air temperature; the target temperature range is between the lowest target air outlet temperature and the highest target air outlet temperature;
if the high-pressure temperature is lower than the highest target outlet air temperature and is greater than or equal to the lowest target outlet air temperature, correcting the rotating speed of the compressor 410 according to the comparison result of the high-pressure temperature, the lowest target outlet air temperature and the highest target outlet air temperature;
if the high-pressure temperature is lower than the lowest target outlet air temperature, the compressor 410 is controlled to increase the rotating speed so as to adjust the high-pressure temperature to the target temperature range, and the rotating speed of the compressor 410 is corrected according to the comparison result of the current high-pressure temperature, the lowest target outlet air temperature and the highest target outlet air temperature.
Optionally, on the basis of the foregoing technical solution, the controller 430 is further configured to:
acquiring the ambient temperature, the indoor temperature and the sunlight intensity output by a sensor at a preset position;
determining a target outlet air temperature based on the ambient temperature, the indoor temperature, the sunlight intensity and a target required temperature, wherein the target required temperature is set by a user;
and determining the highest target air outlet temperature and the lowest target air outlet temperature based on the target air outlet temperature and a preset correction value.
Optionally, on the basis of the foregoing technical solution, the controller 430 is further configured to:
an initial rotational speed of the compressor 410 is determined based on the ambient temperature.
The product can execute the method provided by any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional module and beneficial effect of the execution method.
Optionally, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electric vehicle, where the electric vehicle includes the air conditioner described in any embodiment of the present invention, and thus has the beneficial effects described in any embodiment of the present invention.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A heat pump air conditioner heating method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining a condensation temperature based on the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity;
acquiring the low-pressure temperature and the high-pressure temperature of the refrigerant of the air conditioner;
determining an operating state of an outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner based on the ambient temperature, the low-pressure temperature and the condensation temperature, wherein the operating state comprises a critical icing state and a non-icing state;
if the outdoor heat exchanger operates in the critical icing state, reducing the rotating speed of a compressor of the air conditioner so as to control the outdoor heat exchanger to operate in the non-icing state;
performing PI regulation on the compressor to perform heating only through the compressor; or performing PI regulation on the operation power of a PTC heater of the air conditioner so as to assist heating through the PTC heater.
2. The heat pump air conditioner heating method according to claim 1, wherein the determining an operation state of an outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner based on the ambient temperature, the low pressure temperature, and the condensation temperature includes:
if the difference value between the ambient temperature and the low-pressure temperature is less than or equal to the condensation temperature, determining that an outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner is in a non-icing state;
and if the difference value between the environment temperature and the low-pressure temperature is greater than the condensation temperature, determining that the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner is in a critical icing state.
3. The heat pump air conditioner heating method according to claim 1, wherein the PI regulation is performed on the compressor to perform heating only by the compressor; or, the PI adjusting the operation power of the PTC heater of the air conditioner to assist heating through the PTC heater comprises:
if the high-pressure temperature is less than or equal to the lowest target air outlet temperature, controlling the electric compressor to maintain the current rotating speed, and adjusting the operating power of a PTC heater of the air conditioner to perform temperature compensation through the PTC heater, wherein the temperature compensated by the PTC heater is determined according to the comparison result of the high-pressure temperature and the lowest target air outlet temperature as well as the highest target air outlet temperature, and the lowest target air outlet temperature and the highest target air outlet temperature are determined according to the ambient temperature, the indoor temperature, the sunlight intensity and the target required temperature;
and if the high-pressure temperature is higher than the lowest target air outlet temperature, heating only by the electric compressor, and correcting the rotating speed of the compressor according to a comparison result of the high-pressure temperature, the lowest target air outlet temperature and the highest target air outlet temperature.
4. The heat pump air conditioner heating method according to claim 1, wherein after said determining the operating state of an outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner based on the ambient temperature, the low pressure temperature, and the condensation temperature, the method further comprises:
and if the outdoor heat exchanger operates in the non-icing state, adjusting the rotating speed of the compressor based on the comparison result of the high-pressure temperature, the lowest target air-out temperature and the highest target air-out temperature so as to heat only through the compressor, wherein the lowest target air-out temperature and the highest target air-out temperature are determined according to the environment temperature, the indoor temperature, the sunlight intensity and the target required temperature.
5. The heat pump air conditioner heating method according to claim 4, wherein adjusting the rotation speed of the compressor based on the comparison result of the high-pressure temperature and the lowest target outlet air temperature and the highest target outlet air temperature comprises:
if the high-pressure temperature is greater than or equal to the highest target air-out temperature, controlling the compressor to reduce the rotating speed so as to adjust the high-pressure temperature to a target temperature range, and correcting the rotating speed of the compressor according to the comparison result of the current high-pressure temperature, the lowest target air-out temperature and the highest target air-out temperature; wherein the target temperature range is between the lowest target outlet air temperature and the highest target outlet air temperature;
if the high-pressure temperature is lower than the highest target air-out temperature and is greater than or equal to the lowest target air-out temperature, correcting the rotating speed of the compressor according to the comparison result of the high-pressure temperature, the lowest target air-out temperature and the highest target air-out temperature;
and if the high-pressure temperature is lower than the lowest target air-out temperature, controlling the compressor to increase the rotating speed so as to adjust the high-pressure temperature to the target temperature range, and correcting the rotating speed of the compressor according to the comparison result of the current high-pressure temperature, the lowest target air-out temperature and the highest target air-out temperature.
6. The heat pump air conditioning heating method of claim 1, wherein prior to the determining a condensation temperature based on an ambient temperature and an ambient humidity, the method further comprises:
acquiring the ambient temperature, the indoor temperature and the sunlight intensity output by a sensor at a preset position;
determining a target outlet air temperature based on the ambient temperature, the indoor temperature, the solar intensity and a target required temperature, wherein the target required temperature is set by a user;
and determining the highest target air outlet temperature and the lowest target air outlet temperature based on the target air outlet temperature and a preset correction value.
7. The heat pump air conditioner heating method according to claim 6, wherein after said obtaining ambient temperature, indoor temperature and sunlight intensity output by the sensor at the preset position, the method further comprises:
an initial rotational speed of the compressor is determined based on the ambient temperature.
8. A heat pump air conditioner, comprising:
a compressor;
the PTC heater is used for assisting in heating;
a controller configured to:
determining a condensation temperature based on the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity;
acquiring the low-pressure temperature and the high-pressure temperature of the refrigerant of the air conditioner;
determining an operating state of an outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner based on the ambient temperature, the low-pressure temperature and the condensation temperature, wherein the operating state comprises a critical icing state and a non-icing state;
if the outdoor heat exchanger operates in the critical icing state, reducing the rotating speed of a compressor of the air conditioner so as to control the outdoor heat exchanger to operate in the non-icing state;
performing PI regulation on the compressor to perform heating only through the compressor; or performing PI regulation on the operation power of a PTC heater of the air conditioner so as to assist heating through the PTC heater.
9. The heat pump air conditioner of claim 8, wherein the controller is further configured to:
if the high-pressure temperature is less than or equal to the lowest target air outlet temperature, controlling the electric compressor to maintain the current rotating speed, and adjusting the operating power of a PTC heater of the air conditioner to perform temperature compensation through the PTC heater, wherein the temperature compensated by the PTC heater is determined according to the comparison result of the high-pressure temperature and the lowest target air outlet temperature as well as the highest target air outlet temperature, and the lowest target air outlet temperature and the highest target air outlet temperature are determined according to the ambient temperature, the indoor temperature, the sunlight intensity and the target required temperature;
and if the high-pressure temperature is higher than the lowest target air outlet temperature, heating only by the electric compressor, and correcting the rotating speed of the compressor according to a comparison result of the high-pressure temperature, the lowest target air outlet temperature and the highest target air outlet temperature.
10. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising the heat pump air conditioner of claim 8 or 9.
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