CN112363191A - RTK-based field forest sample plot positioning method - Google Patents
RTK-based field forest sample plot positioning method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
- G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/42—Determining position
- G01S19/43—Determining position using carrier phase measurements, e.g. kinematic positioning; using long or short baseline interferometry
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Abstract
The invention discloses a field forest sample plot positioning method based on RTK, which comprises the following steps: s11, setting an RTK mobile station as a mobile network; and the RTK mobile station is arranged at the center position of the sample plot; s12, a point measuring tool of the RTK mobile station acquires GPS coordinate information of a sample plot center position; s13, setting GPS coordinate information of four corners of a sample plot through a point measuring tool according to the acquired GPS coordinate information of the central position, and connecting the four corners by adopting straight lines to obtain the position of the sample plot; s14, moving the RTK mobile station to each of four corners through a point measuring tool, and burying a pile in each corner to obtain the actual position of the sample plot. The invention is based on the GPS positioning principle, and can realize sample plot arrangement of field forest resource investigation by using the point measurement and point lofting functions of the RTK mobile station.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of field positioning, in particular to a field forest sample plot positioning method based on RTK.
Background
With the continuous improvement of GPS positioning accuracy and the continuous acquaintance of price in recent years, the application of the GPS positioning accuracy in forestry is more and more extensive. Due to the particularity of the forest environment, the application in the forestry mostly takes a handheld GPS receiver as a main part, although the forestry positioning system has the advantages of convenience in carrying and easiness in operation, the positioning precision is usually several meters to more than ten meters, and the requirement for accurate positioning of the forest land cannot be met. Real-Time carrier phase differential positioning (Real-Time kinematic RTK) is a method for processing carrier phase observed quantities of two positioning stations in Real Time, and can obtain centimeter-level positioning accuracy, so that high-accuracy positioning in forest resource investigation is possible.
For many years, the sample arrangement in the field is always more complicated and burdensome, and particularly when a sample plot is set in a mountain area, due to the fact that the sample plot is sheltered by terrain relief and plants, the sample plot is very complicated to set by adopting a traditional compass and a tape measure, more time is consumed, the precision is reduced, no coordinate information exists, and secondary investigation is not facilitated. In recent years, due to the continuous development of positioning technology of the instruments, the arrangement and setting of the sample plot can also be achieved with a total station. However, the total station is heavy and inconvenient to carry, and is rarely used when forest resource investigation is carried out in the field to set sample plot. Therefore, the invention provides an RTK-based field forest sample plot positioning method to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a field forest sample plot positioning method based on RTK (real time kinematic) aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an RTK-based field forest sample plot positioning method comprises the following steps:
s1, setting an RTK mobile station as a mobile network; and the RTK mobile station is arranged at the center position of the sample plot;
s2, a point measuring tool of the RTK mobile station acquires GPS coordinate information of a sample plot center position;
s3, setting GPS coordinate information of four corners of a sample plot through a point measuring tool according to the acquired GPS coordinate information of the central position, and connecting the four corners by adopting straight lines to obtain the position of the sample plot;
and S4, moving the RTK mobile station to each of four corners through a point measuring tool, and burying a pile in each corner to obtain the actual position of the sample plot.
Further, the setting of the RTK rover station to the mobile network in the step S1 is specifically as follows: and (3) associating the RTK mobile station with the thousand seeking account number, setting a coordinate system of the RTK mobile station as CGCS2000, setting a target ellipsoid as WGS84, and setting a projection mode as Gaussian projection.
Further, step S2 is preceded by:
the pole height is set to 1.8m in the RTK rover.
Further, the projection position of the gaussian projection is north offset by 0.000; east offset 500000.000; projection scale 1.0000.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes:
s21, setting the TRK mobile station at the center position of the sample plot, wherein the GPS coordinate of the center position is (x, y);
s22, adjusting the TRK mobile station by adopting the horizontal bubbles to enable the TRK mobile station to be in a horizontal state;
s23, GPS coordinate information of the center position of the sample plot is obtained through a point measurement tool, and the GPS coordinate information comprises a north coordinate x, an east coordinate y, longitude and latitude and elevation information.
Further, the GPS coordinate information of the four corners set in step S3 includes: the coordinates of the southwest corner point (x-10, y-10); the coordinates of the southeast corner point (x +10, y-10); northeast corner coordinates (x +10, y + 10); the coordinates of the northwest corner point (x-10, y + 10).
Further, the moving of the RTK rover station to each of the four corners by the point measurement tool in the step S4 is navigated by the point lofting function in the point measurement tool.
Compared with the prior art, the method is based on the GPS positioning principle, and can realize sample plot arrangement of field forest resource investigation by using the point measurement and point lofting functions of the RTK mobile station.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a field forest sample plot positioning method based on RTK according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the same location provided in the first embodiment.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention aims to provide a field forest sample plot positioning method based on RTK (real time kinematic) aiming at the defects of the prior art.
Example one
The embodiment provides an RTK-based field forest plot positioning method, as shown in fig. 1, including:
s11, setting an RTK mobile station as a mobile network; and the RTK mobile station is arranged at the center position of the sample plot;
s12, a point measuring tool of the RTK mobile station acquires GPS coordinate information of a sample plot center position;
s13, setting GPS coordinate information of four corners of a sample plot through a point measuring tool according to the acquired GPS coordinate information of the central position, and connecting the four corners by adopting straight lines to obtain the position of the sample plot;
s14, moving the RTK mobile station to each of four corners through a point measuring tool, and burying a pile in each corner to obtain the actual position of the sample plot.
An RTK (Real-time kinematic) carrier phase differential technology is a differential method for processing carrier phase observed quantities of two measuring stations in Real time, and the carrier phase acquired by a reference station is sent to a user receiver for difference solving. The method is a new common satellite positioning measurement method, the former static, rapid static and dynamic measurements all need to be solved afterwards to obtain centimeter-level precision, the RTK is a measurement method capable of obtaining centimeter-level positioning precision in real time in the field, a carrier phase dynamic real-time difference method is adopted, the method is a major milestone applied by a GPS, the appearance of the method is engineering lofting and topographic mapping, various control measurements bring new measurement principles and methods, and the operation efficiency is greatly improved
The RTK measurement is positioned by utilizing a carrier phase differential technology, the rover station needs to receive datum station data through a data chain or a built-in radio station and carries out differential calculation on the acquired positioning data so as to obtain accurate positioning information, and the precision of the datum station and the quality of borrowing numbers have great influence on the measurement precision of the rover station. The measurement of absolute coordinates requires the reference station to be established at a triangular point, a GPS control point or other known control points, and the measurement of relative coordinates can be established at a vertex near the survey area. According to the GPS measurement specification, the distance between the reference station and the target measurement area is kept within 5km and is in communication with the electromagnetic waves of the measurement area.
It is generally believed that the reference station should be located far away from the communication tower and the high-voltage transmission line, and there are no tall buildings or large water around the reference station, so as to reduce the error caused by multipath effect, select a position as close as possible to the road for easy access, and reduce the workload of erecting the instrument, replacing the battery and recovering the instrument.
In step S11, setting the RTK rover station as the mobile network; and the RTK rover station is set at the center position of the pattern.
Before the RTK mobile station is set as a mobile network, the RTK mobile station needs to be associated with a thousand seeking account number, specifically: registering an account number in a thousand-homing network, then placing an SIM card in a host, ensuring that the SIM card of the mobile phone has a flow function, and then opening an android handbook for configuration; next, setting an RTK mobile station, the setting of the RTK mobile station including: network communication mode, network type (operator/2G 3G4G), server domain name/IP, port number, and thousand search counts account, password, etc., so that the association between the RTK mobile station and the thousand search accounts is completed.
Setting the RTK rover station as a mobile network specifically includes: associating the RTK mobile station with the thousand seeking account number, setting a coordinate system of the RTK mobile station as CGCS2000, setting a target ellipsoid as WGS84 and setting a projection mode as Gaussian projection; wherein the projection position of the Gaussian projection is north offset 0.000; east offset 500000.000; projection scale 1.0000.
Before step S12, the method further includes:
the pole height is set to 1.8m in the RTK rover.
The purpose of the beam height is to prevent the measured height from being higher than the actual height.
The actual height of the measuring point is obtained by subtracting the height of the rod from the current height of the head when the height is calculated.
In step S12, the point measurement tool of the RTK rover station acquires GPS coordinate information of the position of the center of the sample plot.
Step S12 specifically includes:
s121, setting a TRK mobile station at the center position of the sample plot, wherein the GPS coordinate of the center position is (x, y);
s122, adjusting the TRK mobile station by adopting the horizontal bubbles to enable the TRK mobile station to be in a horizontal state;
in the embodiment, a horizontal bubble is adopted to adjust the TRK mobile station, on one hand, the TRK mobile station is in a horizontal state in order to ensure that the pole bubble is centered; on the other hand, the position of the head is in one position with the measuring point on the ground.
And S123, obtaining GPS coordinate information of the central position of the sample plot through a point measurement tool, wherein the GPS coordinate information comprises a north coordinate x, an east coordinate y, longitude and latitude and elevation information.
In step S13, GPS coordinate information of the four corners of the sample plot is set by the point measurement tool based on the acquired GPS coordinate information of the center position, and the four corners are connected by straight lines to obtain the position of the sample plot.
By the viewing function in the point measurement tool, four measurement points are added, as shown in fig. 2, including: coordinates of the southwest corner: a ═ (x-10, y-10); coordinates of the southeast corner: b ═ x +10, y-10; northeast corner coordinates: c ═ x +10, y + 10; northwest corner coordinates: d ═ x-10, y + 10.
In this embodiment, after the measurement points of the four corners are added by the checking function in the point measurement tool, the attributes such as the position, shape, size, etc. of the sample plot are obtained, and then the four corners are found by using the point lofting function in the measurement tool, and are connected by straight lines to form a rectangular chart, thereby determining the position of the sample plot in the TRK mobile station.
In step S14, the RTK rover station is moved to each of the four corners by the point measurement tool, and a peg is placed in each corner to obtain an actual position of the sample land.
And after the obtained A, B, C, D four-corner-point coordinates are obtained, the corresponding corner-point positions are directly navigated through a point lofting function in the measuring tool, and then the four-corner piles are buried to obtain the actual positions of the sample plot.
The method aims to realize high-precision and fast standard sample arrangement in field forest resource investigation.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An RTK-based field forest sample plot positioning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, setting an RTK mobile station as a mobile network; and the RTK mobile station is arranged at the center position of the sample plot;
s2, a point measuring tool of the RTK mobile station acquires GPS coordinate information of a sample plot center position;
s3, setting GPS coordinate information of four corners of a sample plot through a point measuring tool according to the acquired GPS coordinate information of the central position, and connecting the four corners by adopting straight lines to obtain the position of the sample plot;
and S4, moving the RTK mobile station to each of four corners through a point measuring tool, and burying a pile in each corner to obtain the actual position of the sample plot.
2. The RTK-based field forest sample positioning method according to claim 1, wherein the setting of the RTK rover station as the mobile network in the step S1 is specifically as follows: and (3) associating the RTK mobile station with the thousand seeking account number, setting a coordinate system of the RTK mobile station as CGCS2000, setting a target ellipsoid as WGS84, and setting a projection mode as Gaussian projection.
3. The RTK-based field forest sample location method according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 is preceded by:
the pole height is set to 1.8m in the RTK rover.
4. An RTK-based field forest sample location method according to claim 2, wherein the projected position of the Gaussian projection is north offset 0.000; east offset 500000.000; projection scale 1.0000.
5. The RTK-based field forest sample location method according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 specifically includes:
s21, setting the TRK mobile station at the center position of the sample plot, wherein the GPS coordinate of the center position is (x, y);
s22, adjusting the TRK mobile station by adopting the horizontal bubbles to enable the TRK mobile station to be in a horizontal state;
s23, GPS coordinate information of the center position of the sample plot is obtained through a point measurement tool, and the GPS coordinate information comprises a north coordinate x, an east coordinate y, longitude and latitude and elevation information.
6. An RTK-based field forest sample plot positioning method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the setting of GPS coordinate information of four corners of the sample plot in step S3 includes: the coordinates of the southwest corner point (x-10, y-10); the coordinates of the southeast corner point (x +10, y-10); northeast corner coordinates (x +10, y + 10); the coordinates of the northwest corner point (x-10, y + 10).
7. The RTK-based field forest sample positioning method according to claim 1, wherein the moving the RTK rover station to each of the four corners by the point measurement tool in the step S4 is navigated by a point lofting function in the point measurement tool.
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| CN113970320A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-01-25 | 河南省远志林业规划设计有限公司 | Measuring method for forest biodiversity monitoring fixed observation sample plot |
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| CN118031916A (en) * | 2024-01-09 | 2024-05-14 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Forest land sample side setting method |
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Cited By (7)
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| CN113654536A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-16 | 广东省林业调查规划院 | Beidou RTK-based national forest and grass monitoring method, device, equipment and medium |
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| CN113970320A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-01-25 | 河南省远志林业规划设计有限公司 | Measuring method for forest biodiversity monitoring fixed observation sample plot |
| CN113970320B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2023-11-14 | 河南省远志林业规划设计有限公司 | Measuring method for forest biodiversity monitoring fixed observation sample plot |
| CN116679333A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-09-01 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Method for carrying out complex forest plant community sample party investigation based on RTK technology |
| CN116679333B (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-11-17 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Method for carrying out complex forest plant community sample party investigation based on RTK technology |
| CN118031916A (en) * | 2024-01-09 | 2024-05-14 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Forest land sample side setting method |
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Application publication date: 20210212 |