CN112343016A - Combined energy dissipation structure of flood discharge tunnel - Google Patents
Combined energy dissipation structure of flood discharge tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN112343016A CN112343016A CN202011245368.6A CN202011245368A CN112343016A CN 112343016 A CN112343016 A CN 112343016A CN 202011245368 A CN202011245368 A CN 202011245368A CN 112343016 A CN112343016 A CN 112343016A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined energy dissipation structure of a flood discharge tunnel, which is characterized in that: energy dissipation piers are arranged behind the tunnel inlet, a plurality of energy dissipation piers are distributed on the wall surfaces of two sides of the tunnel, and inward bulges are hump-shaped; a stilling pool is arranged behind the energy dissipation pier and is positioned below the ground elevation of the tunnel of the energy dissipation pier section; an overflow weir is arranged behind the stilling pool, and the middle part of the overflow weir is provided with an overflow weir straight line section; the straight-line section of the overflow weir is provided with a step energy dissipater, and the tail end of the overflow weir is provided with a flip bucket. The combined energy dissipation structure is adopted, the advantages of each single energy dissipater are fully exerted, the flow state of water flow can be effectively improved, the flow speed of water flow in a tunnel is reduced, the energy dissipation efficiency is improved, and the purposes of reducing downstream energy dissipation tasks and reducing the manufacturing cost of downstream energy dissipation buildings are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy dissipation of flood discharge tunnels of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, and particularly relates to a combined energy dissipation structure of a flood discharge tunnel.
Background
Hydropower resources in southwest areas of China are abundant, and hydropower development is usually carried out by building hydraulic engineering in high mountains and canyons. A flood discharge tunnel for rendering let out rivers often can meet the too big condition of the interior rivers velocity of flow of hole, in order to reduce the influence of high-speed rivers to tunnel structure and low reaches building, need arrange energy dissipation structure in the tunnel.
The current common in-hole energy dissipation mode mainly comprises perforated plate energy dissipation, hole plug energy dissipation, stilling well energy dissipation and rotational flow type energy dissipation.
The energy dissipation structure of the orifice plate is single and thin, and the edge of the orifice plate is easy to generate cavitation damage; the spiral-flow type energy dissipation structure is complex, and the content of the hole is easy to appear the phenomenon of full alternation; the water flow in the stilling well is turbulent severely, and the requirement on geological conditions is high; the energy dissipation rate of the hole plug energy dissipation is low, and cavitation is easy to occur.
The single energy dissipation mode cannot control the flow velocity in the tunnel to the range allowed by the engineering, and cannot meet the energy dissipation requirements of the high-water-head and large-flow flood discharge tunnel, so that an energy dissipation mode suitable for the high-water-head and large-flow flood discharge tunnel needs to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
Flood discharge buildings of hydropower stations in the middle and the west of China often have the characteristics of high water head, large flow, large flood discharge power and the like, so that the effect is not obvious by adopting a single energy dissipation structure. Aiming at least one of the defects or improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention provides the combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel, which adopts the combined energy dissipation structure, fully exerts the advantages of each single energy dissipater, can effectively improve the flow state of water flow, reduces the flow velocity of water flow in the tunnel, improves the energy dissipation efficiency, and achieves the purposes of reducing the downstream energy dissipation task and reducing the manufacturing cost of downstream energy dissipation buildings.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a combined energy dissipation structure of a flood discharge tunnel, wherein: a tunnel inlet, an energy dissipation pier, a stilling basin, an overflow weir, a step energy dissipater and a flip bucket are sequentially arranged along the way;
energy dissipation piers are arranged behind the tunnel inlet, a plurality of energy dissipation piers are distributed on the wall surfaces of two sides of the tunnel, and inward bulges are hump-shaped;
a stilling pool is arranged behind the energy dissipation pier and is positioned below the ground elevation of the tunnel of the energy dissipation pier section;
an overflow weir is arranged behind the stilling pool, and the middle part of the overflow weir is provided with an overflow weir straight line section;
the straight-line section of the overflow weir is provided with a step energy dissipater, and the tail end of the overflow weir is provided with a flip bucket.
In one preferred embodiment, the tunnel inlet is in a bell mouth shape from large to small, and the front end of the tunnel inlet is connected with a tunnel opening and closing gate.
In one preferred embodiment, the energy dissipation piers are distributed on two side wall surfaces of the tunnel in a bilateral symmetry mode.
In one preferred embodiment, the energy dissipation piers in the left row and the right row on the two side wall surfaces of the tunnel of the energy dissipation pier section are distributed in a staggered manner in the front-back longitudinal direction.
In one preferred embodiment, the hump-shaped energy dissipation pier comprises a middle hump upper arc section and hump lower arc sections on two sides;
the upper hump arc section is connected with the lower hump arc sections at two sides in an inverse curve.
In one preferred embodiment, the stilling pool sequentially comprises a stilling pool front step, a stilling pool straight-line section, a stilling pool rear upwarping arc section and a stilling pool rear recurving arc section along the way;
the energy dissipation pier section tunnel ground is connected with the stilling pool straight line section through the stilling pool front step, the front end of the upwarping arc section behind the stilling pool is tangent to the stilling pool straight line section, the rear end of the upwarping arc section behind the stilling pool is tangent to the back curve point of the back curve section behind the stilling pool, and the back curve section behind the stilling pool is connected with the overflow weir.
In one preferred embodiment, the straight section of the stilling pool is inclined downwards in height.
In one preferred embodiment, the overflow weir further comprises an upper arc section of the overflow weir and a lower arc section of the overflow weir;
and the upper arc section of the overflow weir, the straight section of the overflow weir and the lower arc section of the overflow weir are sequentially and smoothly connected.
In one preferred embodiment, the step dissipater is arranged within the first half of the straight section of the weir.
In one preferred embodiment, the end of the lower arc section of the overflow weir is provided with a flip bucket.
The above-described preferred features may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel adopts the combined energy dissipation structure, fully exerts the advantages of each single energy dissipater, can effectively improve the flow state of water flow, reduces the flow velocity of the water flow in the tunnel, improves the energy dissipation efficiency, and achieves the purposes of reducing the downstream energy dissipation task and reducing the manufacturing cost of downstream energy dissipation buildings.
2. The combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel provided by the invention creates an energy dissipation pier shape, namely a hump type is adopted to arrange in the tunnel along the way to intensify turbulence, friction and diffusion of water flow by shrinking the flow area, so that the kinetic energy of the water flow is converted into heat energy to be dissipated, and the energy of the water flow is weakened.
3. The combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel has the advantages of simple structure of the hump-shaped energy dissipation pier, better stability and section stress distribution, simple design and construction and the like.
4. According to the combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel, the hump-shaped energy dissipation pier body can ensure that water flow is tightly attached to an energy dissipater, the size of a negative pressure area behind the energy dissipation pier is reduced, and the damage of cavitation to the structure is reduced.
5. According to the combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel, the stilling pool is arranged at the middle section of the tunnel to assist in energy dissipation, and the energy dissipation step is arranged at the front end of the stilling pool to reduce the flow velocity of water flow.
6. According to the combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel, the step energy dissipater is arranged in front of the tunnel outlet to intensify the rolling and collision among water flows, so that the energy of the water body is further dissipated, and the aim of reducing the flow speed is fulfilled.
7. The combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel can be beneficial to the full diffusion, turbulence and friction of water flow in the flood discharge tunnel, effectively reduces the flow velocity of water flow at the outlet of the flood discharge tunnel and improves the energy dissipation efficiency.
8. The combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel is flexible in arrangement, and the arrangement mode, the arrangement number and the arrangement sequence of the energy dissipation piers, the energy dissipation pool and the energy dissipation steps can be adjusted according to actual engineering.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall three-dimensional schematic view of a combined energy dissipation structure of a flood discharge tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an overall cross-sectional view of a combined energy dissipation structure of a flood discharge tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an energy dissipation pier structure of a combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a detailed structural dimension diagram of an energy dissipation pier of a combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a stilling pool structure of a combined energy dissipation structure of a flood discharge tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an energy dissipater structure of a combined energy dissipation structure of a flood discharge tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-6, the present invention provides a combined energy dissipation structure of a flood discharge tunnel, which is sequentially provided with a tunnel inlet 2, an energy dissipation pier 3, a stilling basin 4, an overflow weir 5, a step energy dissipater 6, and a flip bucket 7. Energy dissipation mound, stilling pool, step energy dissipater, three kinds of dissipation structures arrange in proper order in tunnel entrance section, rear section and tunnel exit overflow weir straightway.
As shown in fig. 1-2, in one preferred embodiment, the tunnel inlet 2 is in a flaring shape from large to small, and the front end of the tunnel inlet is connected with a tunnel opening and closing gate.
As shown in fig. 3, an energy dissipation pier 3 is arranged behind the tunnel inlet 2, and a plurality of energy dissipation piers 3 are distributed on the wall surfaces of two sides of the tunnel and protrude inwards to form a hump shape. In one preferred embodiment, the energy dissipation piers 3 are symmetrically distributed on the two side wall surfaces of the tunnel, and multiple groups of energy dissipation piers are sequentially arranged downstream along the way according to the actual engineering. Or, in one preferred embodiment, the energy dissipation piers 3 in the left row and the right row on the two side wall surfaces of the tunnel at the energy dissipation pier section are distributed in a staggered manner in the front-back longitudinal direction, and a plurality of groups are sequentially arranged downstream along the way according to the actual engineering.
In one of the preferred embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the energy dissipation pier 3 in a hump shape comprises a middle hump upper arc section 31 and hump lower arc sections 32 on two sides; the upper hump arc section 31 and the lower hump arc sections 32 on two sides are connected in an inverse curve. In one preferred embodiment, the height of the section of the energy dissipation pier is defined as P, the radius R31 of the hump upper convex arc section 31 is 2.5P, the radius R32 of the hump lower concave arc sections 32 on two sides is 6P, the total length L3 of the energy dissipation pier is 8P, the hump lower concave arc sections 32 on two sides are tangent to the side wall of the tunnel, the hump upper convex arc section 31 is tangent to the hump lower concave arc sections 32 on two sides, and the circle centers of the hump lower concave arc sections 32 on two sides are located on the central axis of the energy dissipation pier. In one preferred embodiment, P is 0.7m, R31 is 1.75m, R32 is 4.2m, and the total length L3 of the energy dissipating pier is 5.6 m. The energy dissipation pier body is created through innovating, namely, the hump type is adopted to arrange in a tunnel along the way to intensify turbulence, friction and diffusion of water flow by shrinking the flow passing area, so that the kinetic energy of the water flow is converted into heat energy to be dissipated, and the water flow energy is weakened. The hump-shaped energy dissipation pier has the advantages of simple structure, good stability and section stress distribution, simple design and construction and the like. The hump-shaped energy dissipation pier body can ensure that the energy dissipater is tightly attached through water flow, the size of a negative pressure area behind the energy dissipation pier is reduced, and the damage of cavitation to the structure is reduced.
As shown in fig. 5, a stilling pool 4 is arranged behind the energy dissipation pier 3, and the stilling pool 4 is located below the ground elevation of the tunnel of the energy dissipation pier section. In one preferred embodiment, the stilling pool 4 sequentially comprises a front stilling pool step 41, a straight stilling pool segment 42, a rear stilling pool upwarping arc segment 43 and a rear stilling pool recurving arc segment 44 along the way; the energy dissipation pier section tunnel ground is connected with the stilling pool straight line section 42 through the stilling pool front step 41, the front end of the stilling pool rear upwarping arc section 43 is tangent to the stilling pool straight line section 42, the rear end of the stilling pool rear upwarping arc section 43 is tangent to the stilling pool rear recursion section 44 in an recursion point mode, and the stilling pool rear recursion section 44 is connected with the overflow weir 5. In one preferred embodiment, the stilling pool straight segments 42 are inclined downwardly in elevation. In one preferred embodiment, the height difference of the front step 41 of the stilling pool, namely the depth of the stilling pool, is H, the back arc section is arranged at the tail end of the stilling pool and connected with the downstream, the radiuses of the back upwarping arc section 43 of the stilling pool and the back arc section 44 of the stilling pool are R43 and R44 respectively, wherein R44 is 8H, and R43 is 6H. In one preferred embodiment, H is 1m, R43 is 6m, and R44 is 8 m. The energy dissipation pool is arranged at the middle section of the tunnel to assist in energy dissipation, and the energy dissipation step is arranged at the front end of the energy dissipation pool to reduce the flow velocity of water flow.
As shown in fig. 6, an overflow weir 5 is arranged behind the absorption basin 4, and a straight section of the overflow weir is arranged in the middle of the overflow weir 5; the straight line section of the overflow weir is provided with a step energy dissipater 6, and the tail end of the overflow weir 5 is provided with a flip bucket 7. In one preferred embodiment, the overflow weir 5 further comprises an upper arc section of the overflow weir and a lower arc section of the overflow weir; the upper arc section of the overflow weir, the straight section (with the length of L straight) of the overflow weir and the lower arc section of the overflow weir are sequentially and smoothly connected. In one preferred embodiment, the step dissipater 6 is arranged within the first 1/2 of the L-straight section of the weir for a total of 25 steps. In one preferred embodiment, the end of the lower arc section of the overflow weir is provided with a flip bucket 7. Step energy dissipaters are arranged at the tunnel entrance and exit to intensify the rolling and collision among water flows, further dissipate the energy of the water body and achieve the aim of reducing the flow speed.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the scheme of the invention has the following significant advantages:
1. the combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel adopts the combined energy dissipation structure, fully exerts the advantages of each single energy dissipater, can effectively improve the flow state of water flow, reduces the flow velocity of the water flow in the tunnel, improves the energy dissipation efficiency, and achieves the purposes of reducing the downstream energy dissipation task and reducing the manufacturing cost of downstream energy dissipation buildings.
2. The combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel provided by the invention creates an energy dissipation pier shape, namely a hump type is adopted to arrange in the tunnel along the way to intensify turbulence, friction and diffusion of water flow by shrinking the flow area, so that the kinetic energy of the water flow is converted into heat energy to be dissipated, and the energy of the water flow is weakened.
3. The combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel has the advantages of simple structure of the hump-shaped energy dissipation pier, better stability and section stress distribution, simple design and construction and the like.
4. According to the combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel, the hump-shaped energy dissipation pier body can ensure that water flow is tightly attached to an energy dissipater, the size of a negative pressure area behind the energy dissipation pier is reduced, and the damage of cavitation to the structure is reduced.
5. According to the combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel, the stilling pool is arranged at the middle section of the tunnel to assist in energy dissipation, and the energy dissipation step is arranged at the front end of the stilling pool to reduce the flow velocity of water flow.
6. According to the combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel, the step energy dissipater is arranged in front of the tunnel outlet to intensify the rolling and collision among water flows, so that the energy of the water body is further dissipated, and the aim of reducing the flow speed is fulfilled.
7. The combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel can be beneficial to the full diffusion, turbulence and friction of water flow in the flood discharge tunnel, effectively reduces the flow velocity of water flow at the outlet of the flood discharge tunnel and improves the energy dissipation efficiency.
8. The combined energy dissipation structure of the flood discharge tunnel is flexible in arrangement, and the arrangement mode, the arrangement number and the arrangement sequence of the energy dissipation piers, the energy dissipation pool and the energy dissipation steps can be adjusted according to actual engineering.
It will be appreciated that the embodiments of the system described above are merely illustrative, in that elements illustrated as separate components may or may not be physically separate, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over different network elements. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of the embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
In addition, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that in the specification of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In the description of the embodiments of the invention, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description. Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the embodiments of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects.
However, the disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that: that is, the claimed embodiments of the invention require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of an embodiment of this invention.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a combination formula dissipation structure of flood discharge tunnel which characterized in that:
energy dissipation piers (3) are arranged behind the tunnel inlet (2), a plurality of energy dissipation piers (3) are distributed on the wall surfaces of two sides of the tunnel, and inward bulges are hump-shaped;
a stilling pool (4) is arranged behind the energy dissipation pier (3), and the stilling pool (4) is positioned below the ground elevation of the tunnel of the energy dissipation pier section;
an overflow weir (5) is arranged behind the stilling pool (4), and the middle part of the overflow weir (5) is provided with an overflow weir straight line section;
the straight-line section of the overflow weir is provided with a step energy dissipater (6), and the tail end of the overflow weir (5) is provided with a flip bucket (7).
2. A combined energy dissipation structure for a flood discharge tunnel according to claim 1, wherein:
the tunnel inlet (2) is in a horn mouth shape from large to small, and the front end of the tunnel inlet is connected with the tunnel opening and closing gate.
3. A combined energy dissipation structure for a flood discharge tunnel according to claim 2, wherein:
the energy dissipation piers (3) are distributed on the two side wall surfaces of the tunnel in a bilateral symmetry manner.
4. A combined energy dissipation structure for a flood discharge tunnel according to claim 2, wherein:
the energy dissipation piers (3) in the left row and the right row on the two side wall surfaces of the tunnel at the energy dissipation pier section are distributed in a staggered manner in the longitudinal direction.
5. A combined energy dissipation structure for a flood discharge tunnel according to claim 2, wherein:
the hump-shaped energy dissipation pier (3) comprises a hump upper convex arc section (31) in the middle and hump lower concave arc sections (32) on two sides;
the upper hump arc section (31) and the lower hump arc sections (32) at two sides are connected in an inverse curve.
6. A combined energy dissipation structure for a flood discharge tunnel according to claim 1, wherein:
the stilling pool (4) sequentially comprises a stilling pool front step (41), a stilling pool straight line section (42), a stilling pool rear upwarping arc section (43) and a stilling pool rear recurving arc section (44) along the way;
energy dissipation mound section tunnel ground passes through before the stilling pool step (41) connect stilling pool straightway (42), the front end of the upwarping segmental arc (43) behind the stilling pool with stilling pool straightway (42) are tangent, the rear end with after the stilling pool anti-bending segment (44) be anti-bending point tangent, after the stilling pool anti-bending segment (44) with overflow weir (5) link up.
7. A combined energy dissipation structure in a flood discharge tunnel according to claim 6, wherein:
the straight line segment (42) of the stilling pool is downward inclined in elevation.
8. A combined energy dissipation structure for a flood discharge tunnel according to claim 1, wherein:
the overflow weir (5) also comprises an upper arc section of the overflow weir and a lower arc section of the overflow weir;
and the upper arc section of the overflow weir, the straight section of the overflow weir and the lower arc section of the overflow weir are sequentially and smoothly connected.
9. A combined energy dissipation structure in a flood discharge tunnel according to claim 8, wherein:
the step energy dissipater (6) is arranged in the front half range of the straight line section of the overflow weir.
10. A combined energy dissipation structure in a flood discharge tunnel according to claim 8, wherein:
and a flip bucket (7) is arranged at the tail end of the lower concave arc section of the overflow weir.
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| CN115613529A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-01-17 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Arrangement structure of high-head ecological flow sluicing tunnel |
| CN116305792A (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-06-23 | 湖南省水运建设投资集团有限公司 | Design method and system of river channel gate area guide pier with complex water flow characteristics |
| CN116305792B (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-10-31 | 湖南省水运建设投资集团有限公司 | Design method and system of river channel gate area guide pier with complex water flow characteristics |
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