CN112320952B - Separated aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed and sewage treatment process - Google Patents
Separated aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed and sewage treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112320952B CN112320952B CN202011269557.7A CN202011269557A CN112320952B CN 112320952 B CN112320952 B CN 112320952B CN 202011269557 A CN202011269557 A CN 202011269557A CN 112320952 B CN112320952 B CN 112320952B
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- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 149
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001706 oxygenating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed, which comprises a water inlet pipe, a distribution tank, an aeration tank, a water collecting tank, an up-flow reaction tank, a reflux gallery and a water outlet well, wherein aeration equipment is arranged at the bottom of the aeration tank; the bottom of the aeration tank is provided with a water inlet, and the upper part of the aeration tank is provided with a first overflow port; the bottom of the upflow reaction tank is provided with a downflow water passage, a downflow channel is arranged in the water collecting tank, and a water outlet is arranged on the downflow water passage; the reflux gallery is communicated with the water outlet well and the water distribution pool. According to the sludge bed and the process, the self-circulation of sewage is realized under the action of aeration, a power source is not needed, and the energy consumption is reduced; the invention can be used for sewage treatment alone or in combination with other sewage treatment units in a sewage plant, and organic matters and ammonia nitrogen are respectively oxidized into carbon dioxide and nitrate nitrogen through aerobic reaction, and the nitrate nitrogen is converted into nitrogen for removal through anaerobic reaction in large-particle-size granular sludge and at the upper part of an upflow reaction tank.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed and a sewage treatment process, in particular to a novel sewage treatment process.
Background
At present, the main current technology of sewage treatment is a traditional activated sludge method, and the technology realizes the removal of organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus by utilizing a microbial nitrification and denitrification mode. Along with the development of economy, the requirements of sewage treatment and the types of sewage are continuously increased, and the defects of low impact load resistance, poor harmful substance resistance and the like of the traditional activated sludge are amplified.
The aerobic granular sludge is an activated sludge formed by self-agglomeration of microorganisms under an aerobic condition, and has higher microorganism amount, stronger activity, good sedimentation performance, and stronger capability of resisting impact load and toxic and harmful substances compared with the traditional activated sludge. However, at present, the cultivation of the aerobic granular sludge and the sewage treatment by using the aerobic granular sludge adopt an intermittent water inlet mode, and the method greatly reduces the sewage treatment efficiency, so that the application of the aerobic granular sludge in an actual sewage treatment plant is hindered. The object of the present invention is to provide a sewage treatment process which can rapidly culture sludge (e.g., aerobic granular sludge) having good precipitation performance and can utilize the sludge to perform different functions in different sewage treatment systems by simple condition control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed and a sewage treatment process for overcoming the defects of the technical problems.
The invention discloses a split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed, which comprises a water inlet pipe, a distribution tank, an aeration tank, a water collecting tank, an up-flow reaction tank, a reflux gallery and a water outlet well which are sequentially and adjacently arranged, wherein the water inlet pipe is communicated with the distribution tank and is used for introducing sewage to be treated into the distribution tank, and aeration equipment is arranged at the bottom of the aeration tank; the method is characterized in that: the number of the aeration tanks is multiple, the bottom of each aeration tank is provided with an aeration tank water inlet communicated with the bottom of the distribution tank, and the upper part of one side of the aeration tank is provided with a first overflow port communicated with the water collecting tank; the bottom of the upflow reaction tank is provided with a plurality of downflow water passing galleries which are distributed at intervals, a downflow channel which is communicated with the water inlet end of the downflow water passing galleries is arranged in the water collecting tank, and a plurality of water outlets are uniformly formed on the side wall of the downflow water passing galleries; the upper part of one end of the backflow gallery is communicated with the water outlet well, and the other end of the backflow gallery is communicated with the water distribution tank; granular sludge is cultured in the up-flow reaction tank, and a DO probe for measuring the dissolved oxygen value is arranged in the up-flow reaction tank.
The number of the downward leakage channels is equal to that of the downward flow type water channels, and the sum of the cross sectional areas of all the downward leakage channels is larger than 4 square meters, so that the hydraulic loss caused by sewage circulation is reduced.
The split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed provided by the invention has the advantages that the depth of the up-flow reaction tank is 4-5 meters, and the depth of the aeration tank is 6-10 meters.
The invention relates to a sewage treatment process of a separated aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the sewage treatment is carried out by utilizing a separated aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed, and the sewage treatment is carried out by matching with the traditional nitrification and denitrification sewage treatment process or the anaerobic ammonia oxidation sewage treatment process; the process steps of the sewage treatment are as follows:
a) The sewage to be treated flows into the water distribution tank through the water inlet pipe and is mixed with the backwater flowing into the water distribution tank through the backflow gallery;
b) Aeration and self-circulation, wherein the aeration equipment is utilized to carry out aeration oxygenation on sewage entering the bottom of the aeration tank, the pressure of the sewage at the bottom of the aeration tank is reduced after the aeration, the sewage in the distribution tank flows into the aeration tank through the water inlet of the aeration tank under the action of pressure difference, meanwhile, the aeration enables the sewage in the aeration tank to expand and rise so as to rise the liquid level, the sewage in the aeration tank flows into the water collecting tank through the first overflow port under the action of the liquid level difference, and the aeration not only realizes the oxygenation of the sewage, but also provides a power source for the self-circulation flow of the sewage;
c) After the sewage flows into the water collecting tank, the sewage flows into each downflow water gallery through the downflow channel and flows out through the water outlet on the side wall of the downflow water gallery, so that the sewage is uniformly distributed at the bottom of the upflow reaction tank; meanwhile, the uniform water outlet of the downflow water gallery avoids the sludge deposition at the bottom of the upflow reaction tank;
d) In the process of uniformly rising sewage in an upflow reaction tank, the sewage is fully contacted with bottom granular sludge, and microorganisms oxidize organic matters in the water into carbon dioxide and ammonia nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen under an aerobic condition; with the rising of sewage and the continuous consumption of dissolved oxygen, the upper part of the upflow reaction tank is in an anoxic and anaerobic state, and after the sewage rises to the upper part of the upflow reaction tank, denitrification reaction occurs under the action of anaerobic microorganisms, so that organic matters in the water are further consumed, and nitrate nitrogen is converted into nitrogen for removal; meanwhile, as the particle size of granular sludge at the bottom of the upflow reaction tank is increased, the external part of the upflow reaction tank is an aerobic zone, the internal part of the upflow reaction tank is an anoxic and anaerobic zone, ammonia nitrogen is oxidized into nitrate nitrogen by surface aerobic microorganisms, and the nitrate nitrogen is transferred into the internal part for denitrification, so that denitrification is realized;
e) The sewage at the upper part of the upflow reaction tank flows into a reflux gallery through a second overflow port, most of the sewage in the reflux gallery flows back to the distribution tank, and the rest is discharged through a water outlet well; the sewage which flows back to the distribution tank is mixed with the inflow water and then flows into the upflow reaction tank again for treatment, and the sewage is reciprocally circulated in such a way, so that the removal of organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage is realized.
The sewage treatment process of the split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed comprises the following steps of: after the separated aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed is placed in the anoxic tank, a channel of the backflow gallery entering the water distribution tank is closed, sewage directly flows back to the anoxic tank through the backflow gallery, at the moment, the separated aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed mainly plays a role in nitrification, dissolved oxygen in the up-flow reaction tank is controlled to be more than 4mg/L, a large amount of aerobic microorganisms are often present on the surface of the sludge due to the fact that the aeration tank is used for oxygenating the sewage, residual organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage are oxidized into carbon dioxide and nitrate nitrogen by utilizing the dissolved oxygen in the water, and the nitrate nitrogen flows back to the anoxic tank again to utilize the inflow organic matters to perform denitrification to realize sewage denitrification.
The sewage treatment process of the split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed comprises the following steps of: after the separated aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed is placed in an anaerobic ammonia oxidation pond as a short-cut nitrification pond, a channel of a reflux gallery entering a distribution pond is closed, decarbonized high ammonia nitrogen sewage firstly enters the anaerobic ammonia oxidation pond, then enters the separated aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed, the reflux water directly enters the anaerobic ammonia oxidation pond through the reflux gallery, the dissolved oxygen in the pond needs to be controlled at 0.2-1 mg/L, part of ammonia nitrogen is oxidized into nitrite nitrogen in the short-cut nitrification pond, and then the nitrite nitrogen is refluxed to the anaerobic ammonia oxidation pond for anaerobic ammonia oxidation so as to realize denitrification.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed is provided with a distribution tank, a plurality of aeration tanks, a water inlet tank, an up-flow reaction tank and a backflow gallery, wherein the distribution tank is communicated with the aeration tank through a water inlet of the aeration tank, the aeration tank is communicated with the water inlet tank through a first overflow port, the water inlet tank is communicated with a down-flow water gallery at the bottom of the up-flow reaction tank through a down-leakage channel, and the up-flow reaction tank is communicated with the distribution tank through the backflow gallery. The aeration quantity and the operation quantity of the aeration tank are controlled, so that the control of the sewage circulation flow rate is realized, and the sewage treatment device is suitable for treating sewage with different flow rates.
In the process that sewage uniformly ascends from bottom to top in an upflow reaction tank, the sewage is fully contacted with granular sludge at the bottom, oxidation reaction is carried out under the action of aerobic microorganisms, organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage are respectively oxidized into carbon dioxide and nitrate nitrogen, and the nitrate nitrogen is converted into nitrogen for removal through denitrification in the anoxic and anaerobic areas at the upper part of the upflow reaction tank and in the sludge with larger particle size along with the ascending of the sewage and the continuous consumption of dissolved oxygen, so that the organic matters in the sewage are further consumed; after multiple times of circulation, the organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage are removed, so that the sewage reaches the emission standard.
Furthermore, the split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed can be matched with other sewage treatment units in a sewage plant, such as a traditional nitrification and denitrification sewage treatment process, and the process mainly plays a role in nitrification after being placed in an anoxic tank; if matched with an anaerobic ammonia oxidation sewage treatment process, the sewage treatment process is placed behind an anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank and is used as a short-cut nitrification tank.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a split aeration upflow aerobic granular sludge bed of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the split aeration upflow aerobic granular sludge bed of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a split aeration upflow aerobic granular sludge bed according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the split aeration upflow aerobic granular sludge bed of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a split aeration upflow aerobic granular sludge bed according to the present invention;
fig. 6 to 9 are sectional views of the split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1 water inlet pipe, 2 water distribution tank, 3 aeration tank, 4 water collecting tank, 5 upflow reaction tank, 6 reflux gallery, 7 water outlet well, 8 aeration tank water inlet, 9 aeration equipment, 10 down-flow channel, 11 down-flow water channel, 12 water outlet, 13 second overflow mouth, 14 first overflow mouth.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a front view, a right view, a top view, a bottom view and a perspective view of the split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed of the present invention are respectively provided, and fig. 6 to 9 are respectively provided with perspective views, wherein the split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed is composed of a water inlet pipe 1, a water distribution tank 2, an aeration tank 3, an aeration device 9, a water collecting tank 4, an up-flow reaction tank 5, a down-flow water passage 11, a backflow passage 6 and a water outlet well 7, and the water distribution tank 2, the aeration tank 3, the water collecting tank 4 and the up-flow reaction tank 5 are sequentially and adjacently arranged. The number of the aeration tanks 3 is multiple, the bottom of each aeration tank 3 is provided with an aeration tank water inlet 8 communicated with the water distribution tank 2, and the aeration tank water inlet 8 can be opened or closed so as to treat sewage by using different numbers of aeration tanks 3. The bottom of each aeration tank 3 is provided with an aeration device 9, and the aeration device 9 realizes aeration oxygenation of sewage in the aeration tank 3; a first overflow port 14 is provided at the top end of the side of each aeration tank 3 adjacent to the water collection tank 4 so that sewage at the upper part of the aeration tank 3 flows into the water collection tank 4.
The number of the downflow water galleries 11 is a plurality, the downflow water galleries 11 are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the upflow reaction tank 5, and the downflow water galleries 11 extend from one end to the other end along the length direction of the upflow reaction tank 5. The water collecting tank 4 is provided with down-leak channels 10 which are equal in number and corresponding in position to the down-flow water galleries 11, and the down-leak channels 10 on the corresponding positions are communicated with the down-flow water galleries 11. The cross section of the downflow water passage 11 is U-shaped, and water outlets 12 are formed in the two side walls of the U-shaped downflow water passage 11 at equal intervals, so that sewage entering the downflow water passage 11 through the downflow passage 10 uniformly flows out through the water outlets 12, uniform water distribution at the bottom of the upflow reaction tank 5 is realized, and sludge at the bottom of the upflow reaction tank 5 can be dispersed, so that sludge accumulation is avoided.
The reflux gallery 6 is positioned outside the upflow reaction tank 5, the water collecting tank and the aeration tank 3, and a second overflow port 13 communicated with the upflow reaction tank 5 and the upper end of the adjacent side wall of the reflux gallery 6 is arranged so that sewage upflow to the top of the upflow reaction tank 5 flows into the reflux gallery 6 through the second overflow port 13. One end of the reflux gallery 6, which is close to the water distribution tank 2, is communicated with the water distribution tank 2, and the other end is communicated with the water outlet well 7 through an overflow port. The overflow port of the reflux gallery 6 communicated with the water outlet well 7 is equal to the second overflow port 13 in height and is higher than the position where the reflux gallery 6 is communicated with the water distribution tank 2, so that most of sewage entering the reflux gallery 6 is refluxed into the water distribution tank 2, and the rest part is discharged through the water outlet well 7.
The split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed can realize self-circulation of sewage without an external power source. Under the aeration action of the aeration equipment 9, aeration oxygenation of sewage in the aeration tank 3 can be realized, dissolved oxygen in the water is increased, the bottom pressure of the aeration tank 3 is reduced, the liquid level in the aeration tank 3 is increased by aeration, and under the action of water pressure difference, sewage in the distribution tank 2 enters the bottom of the aeration tank 3, so that sewage in the backflow gallery 6 is promoted to flow back into the distribution tank 2; under the action of the liquid level difference, sewage at the upper part of the aeration tank 3 flows into the water collecting tank 4 through the first overflow port 14, so that the self-circulation of the sewage in the water distribution tank, the aeration tank, the water collecting tank, the upflow reaction tank and the backwater gallery is realized, a power source is not needed, and the energy consumption in the sewage treatment process is reduced.
Granular sludge is cultured in the upflow reaction tank 5, in the process that sewage uniformly ascends in the upflow reaction tank 5, the granular sludge with good precipitation performance is distributed in a state that flocculent sludge with poor precipitation performance is in a lower state, and in the initial stage of sewage treatment, flocculent sludge with poor precipitation performance enters the reflux gallery 6 along with water flow, and then flows back to the upflow reaction tank 5 through the distribution tank 2, the aeration tank 3 and the water collecting tank 4 to participate in the growth of the granular sludge. The particle size of the grown granular sludge is continuously increased, the outside of the granular sludge with large particle size is an aerobic area, and the inside of the granular sludge is an anoxic and anaerobic area, so that the periphery of the granular sludge is subjected to aerobic reaction, organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in sewage are respectively oxidized into carbon dioxide and nitrate nitrogen, and the nitrate nitrogen is converted into nitrogen through the anaerobic reaction in the inside to be removed. Along with the continuous rising of water flow in the upflow reaction tank 5, dissolved oxygen in the water is continuously consumed, the upper part in the upflow reaction tank 5 is an anoxic and anaerobic area, and denitrification reaction occurs under the action of anaerobic microorganisms to convert nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen.
In order to reduce the hydraulic loss caused in the sewage circulation, the sum of the cross sectional areas of all the down-leak channels 10 is larger than 4 square meters, in order to ensure that the up-flow reaction tank 5 has a better treatment effect on sewage, the depth of the up-flow reaction tank 5 is 4-5 meters, and in order to better perform aeration oxygenation on the sewage, the depth of the aeration tank 3 is 6-10 meters.
The upflow reaction tank 5 is a main sewage biochemical treatment area, only sludge (such as aerobic granular sludge) with better precipitation performance is reserved in the upflow reaction tank 5 under long-term operation, the precipitation rate of the sludge cultured under a certain flow rate is always faster than the water flow rate, so that an obvious sludge layer appears in the reaction tank, the bottom is a sludge bed, and the surface is the treated clean water, so that the water is more clear, the burden of a sedimentation tank in a sewage plant is greatly reduced, and even the sedimentation tank can be cancelled;
in the process, the water flow circulation speed is related to the aeration quantity of the aeration tank 3 and the operation quantity of the aeration tank, the smaller the aeration quantity is, the smaller the pressure difference between the bottom pressure of the aeration tank and the water flow pressure in the backflow gallery 6 is, the smaller the water flow speed is, the smaller the operation quantity of the aeration tank 3 is, the smaller the water quantity is, and the smaller the sewage circulation quantity is. The aeration rate can be controlled by adjusting the air outlet rate of the aeration equipment 9 through an external switch, and the running quantity of the aeration tank 3 can be effectively controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the water inlet 8 of the aeration tank. In the process, the circulation speed of water flow and the operation quantity of the aeration tank 3 are controlled by the aeration quantity of the dissolved oxygen in the upflow reaction tank 5. The amount of dissolved oxygen and reflux in water is determined according to the actual water treatment amount and process requirements.
The process is characterized in that one sewage treatment unit can be matched with other sewage treatment units in a sewage plant, and sewage treatment can be realized independently:
when the traditional nitrification and denitrification sewage treatment process is matched, the process can be placed behind an anoxic tank, the channel of return water entering the water distribution tank 2 is closed, sewage directly flows back to the anoxic tank through the return gallery 6, at the moment, the process mainly plays a role in nitrification, dissolved oxygen in the tank can be controlled to be more than 4mg/L, and because the aeration tank 3 is used for oxygenating sewage, a large number of aerobic microorganisms are often present on the surface of sludge, and the microorganisms can utilize the dissolved oxygen in the water to oxidize residual organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage into carbon dioxide and nitrate nitrogen, and the nitrate nitrogen flows back to the anoxic tank again to utilize the inflow organic matters to perform denitrification to realize sewage denitrification.
When the anaerobic ammonia oxidation sewage treatment process is matched, the process can be used as a short-cut nitrification tank to be placed behind an anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank, high ammonia nitrogen sewage subjected to decarburization treatment firstly enters the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank and then enters the process, return water directly enters the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank through a return gallery 6, dissolved oxygen in the tank needs to be controlled at 0.2-1 mg/L, partial ammonia nitrogen is oxidized into nitrite nitrogen in the short-cut nitrification tank, and then the nitrite nitrogen flows back to the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank to perform anaerobic ammonia oxidation, so that denitrification is realized.
When sewage treatment is independently realized, the particle size of the granular sludge is continuously increased under long-term culture, the inside of the granular sludge becomes an anoxic and anaerobic area, ammonia nitrogen is oxidized into nitrate nitrogen by surface aerobic microorganisms, and the nitrate nitrogen is transferred into the inside for denitrification, so that denitrification is realized. The aeration rate can be reduced, so that the dissolved oxygen entering the reaction tank is rapidly consumed by aerobic microorganisms at the bottom to carry out nitrification, and the upper part becomes an anaerobic area to carry out denitrification to realize denitrification.
Claims (5)
1. The sewage treatment process of the split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed comprises a water inlet pipe (1), a distribution tank (2), an aeration tank (3), a water collecting tank (4), an up-flow reaction tank (5), a reflux gallery (6) and a water outlet well (7), wherein the split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed comprises a water inlet pipe (1) and a water distribution tank (2), the water distribution tank, the water collecting tank (4), the up-flow reaction tank (5), the reflux gallery (6) and the water outlet well (7) are adjacently arranged in sequence, the water inlet pipe is communicated with the distribution tank and is used for introducing sewage to be treated into the distribution tank, and aeration equipment (9) is arranged at the bottom of the aeration tank; the number of the aeration tanks is multiple, the bottom of each aeration tank is provided with an aeration tank water inlet (8) communicated with the bottom of the water distribution tank, and the upper part of one side of the aeration tank is provided with a first overflow port (14) communicated with the water collection tank; a plurality of downflow water passing galleries (11) which are distributed at intervals are arranged at the bottom of the upflow reaction tank, a downflow channel (10) which is communicated with the water inlet end of the downflow water passing galleries is arranged in the water collecting tank, and a plurality of water outlets (12) are uniformly formed on the side wall of the downflow water passing galleries; the upper part of one end of the backflow gallery is communicated with the water outlet well, and the other end of the backflow gallery is communicated with the water distribution tank; granular sludge is cultured in the upflow reaction tank, and a DO probe for measuring the dissolved oxygen value is arranged in the upflow reaction tank;
the upper end of the adjacent side wall of the upflow reaction tank (5) and the reflux gallery (6) is provided with a second overflow port (13) communicated with the reflux gallery (6);
the method is characterized in that: the sewage treatment process of the split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed independently carries out sewage treatment by utilizing the split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed, and the process steps of independently carrying out sewage treatment are as follows:
a) The sewage to be treated flows into the water distribution tank through the water inlet pipe and is mixed with the backwater flowing into the water distribution tank through the backflow gallery;
b) Aeration and self-circulation, wherein the aeration equipment is utilized to carry out aeration oxygenation on sewage entering the bottom of the aeration tank, the pressure of the sewage at the bottom of the aeration tank is reduced after the aeration, the sewage in the distribution tank flows into the aeration tank through the water inlet of the aeration tank under the action of pressure difference, meanwhile, the aeration enables the sewage in the aeration tank to expand and rise so as to rise the liquid level, the sewage in the aeration tank flows into the water collecting tank through the first overflow port under the action of the liquid level difference, and the aeration not only realizes the oxygenation of the sewage, but also provides a power source for the self-circulation flow of the sewage;
c) After the sewage flows into the water collecting tank, the sewage flows into each downflow water gallery through the downflow channel and flows out through the water outlet on the side wall of the downflow water gallery, so that the sewage is uniformly distributed at the bottom of the upflow reaction tank; meanwhile, the uniform water outlet of the downflow water gallery avoids the sludge deposition at the bottom of the upflow reaction tank;
d) In the process of uniformly rising sewage in an upflow reaction tank, the sewage is fully contacted with bottom granular sludge, and microorganisms oxidize organic matters in the water into carbon dioxide and ammonia nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen under an aerobic condition; with the rising of sewage and the continuous consumption of dissolved oxygen, the upper part of the upflow reaction tank is in an anoxic and anaerobic state, and after the sewage rises to the upper part of the upflow reaction tank, denitrification reaction occurs under the action of anaerobic microorganisms, so that organic matters in the water are further consumed, and nitrate nitrogen is converted into nitrogen for removal; meanwhile, as the particle size of granular sludge at the bottom of the upflow reaction tank is increased, the external part of the upflow reaction tank is an aerobic zone, the internal part of the upflow reaction tank is an anoxic and anaerobic zone, ammonia nitrogen is oxidized into nitrate nitrogen by surface aerobic microorganisms, and the nitrate nitrogen is transferred into the internal part for denitrification, so that denitrification is realized;
e) The sewage at the upper part of the upflow reaction tank flows into a reflux gallery through a second overflow port, most of the sewage in the reflux gallery flows back to the distribution tank, and the rest is discharged through a water outlet well; the sewage which flows back to the distribution tank is mixed with the inflow water and then flows into the upflow reaction tank again for treatment, and the sewage is reciprocally circulated in such a way, so that the removal of organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage is realized.
2. The sewage treatment process of the split aeration upflow type aerobic granular sludge bed according to claim 1, wherein the sewage treatment process is characterized in that: the number of the down-flow channels (10) is equal to that of the down-flow water galleries (11), and the sum of cross sectional areas of all down-flow channels is larger than 4 square meters so as to reduce hydraulic loss caused in sewage circulation.
3. The sewage treatment process of the split aeration upflow type aerobic granular sludge bed according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sewage treatment process is characterized in that: the depth of the upflow reaction tank (5) is 4-5 meters, and the depth of the aeration tank (3) is 6-10 meters.
4. The sewage treatment process of the split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed is matched with the traditional nitrification and denitrification sewage treatment process for sewage treatment, the split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed is characterized in that: after the separated aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed is placed in the anoxic tank, a channel of the backflow gallery entering the water distribution tank is closed, sewage directly flows back to the anoxic tank through the backflow gallery, at the moment, the separated aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed mainly plays a role in nitrification, dissolved oxygen in the up-flow reaction tank is controlled to be more than 4mg/L, a large amount of aerobic microorganisms are often present on the surface of the sludge due to the fact that the aeration tank is used for oxygenating the sewage, residual organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage are oxidized into carbon dioxide and nitrate nitrogen by utilizing the dissolved oxygen in the water, and the nitrate nitrogen flows back to the anoxic tank again to utilize the inflow organic matters to perform denitrification to realize sewage denitrification.
5. The sewage treatment process of the split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed is matched with the anaerobic ammoxidation sewage treatment process for sewage treatment, the split aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed: after the separated aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed is placed in an anaerobic ammonia oxidation pond as a short-cut nitrification pond, a channel of a reflux gallery entering a distribution pond is closed, decarbonized high ammonia nitrogen sewage firstly enters the anaerobic ammonia oxidation pond, then enters the separated aeration up-flow type aerobic granular sludge bed, the reflux water directly enters the anaerobic ammonia oxidation pond through the reflux gallery, partial ammonia nitrogen is oxidized into nitrite nitrogen in the short-cut nitrification pond, and then the nitrite nitrogen flows back to the anaerobic ammonia oxidation pond for anaerobic ammonia oxidation, so that denitrification is realized.
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