CN112284782B - Device and method for measuring heating efficiency of porous medium burner - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring heating efficiency of porous medium burner Download PDFInfo
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- CN112284782B CN112284782B CN202011112400.3A CN202011112400A CN112284782B CN 112284782 B CN112284782 B CN 112284782B CN 202011112400 A CN202011112400 A CN 202011112400A CN 112284782 B CN112284782 B CN 112284782B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring the heating efficiency of a porous medium burner. The trolley type test furnace is provided with a detachable furnace top and a detachable trolley type furnace bottom, the middle part of the furnace bottom is provided with a porous medium burner, a movable water tank is arranged in the furnace, and the water tank moves up and down through a cylinder lifting mechanism arranged on the furnace top; the measuring method comprises the steps of heating water in the movable water tank through the porous medium burner, and measuring the ratio of the heat taken away by the water to the fuel combustion heat to obtain the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner. The device of the invention has scientific and reasonable design and standard determination method. The invention can realize accurate measurement of the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner under the conditions of variable working conditions, variable angle coefficients or variable furnace lining materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring the heating efficiency of a porous medium burner.
Background
With the development of human beings and the progress of science and technology, the rapid economic development of China needs to consume a large amount of energy, the demand for energy is increasing day by day, the problem of energy shortage is receiving more and more extensive attention, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, the energy consumption can be reduced in a green and economic way, and the energy-saving system is a preferred scheme. The rapid development of economy needs to take consideration of environmental protection, and a sustainable development path of human and natural coordinated development is taken, so that energy supply channels are widened, low-grade or low-calorific-value energy is excavated and developed, an efficient clean combustion technology beneficial to environmental protection is sought, energy is saved, emission is reduced, efficient and reasonable utilization of energy is realized, the 'win-win' of economic growth and environmental protection is achieved, and the method is an important strategic problem related to long-term development of China.
In recent years, many new combustion technologies are emerging, wherein the porous medium combustion technology has excellent characteristics and wide application prospects, but the problem of accurately measuring the heating efficiency of the porous medium combustor is not solved well. Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop an apparatus and method for measuring the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner to promote the development of the porous medium combustion technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the heating efficiency of a porous medium burner is difficult to accurately measure in the prior art, and provides a scientific device and a scientific method for measuring the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner, which are used for accurately measuring the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner under the condition of variable working conditions or variable angle coefficients and furnace lining materials.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the device for measuring the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner is provided with a trolley type test furnace, the porous medium burner, a movable water tank, a cylinder lifting mechanism, a water supply pipe network, a gas supply pipe network, a smoke exhaust pipe network, a heat exchanger, a measuring system and a control system; the measuring system is a flow meter, a pressure gauge and a thermocouple which are arranged in a water supply pipe network, an air supply pipe network and a smoke exhaust pipe network; the control system is used for controlling the regulation of water and gas of each pipe network and controlling the temperature, pressure and running state of the trolley type test furnace;
the trolley type test furnace is provided with a furnace shell, a furnace shell lining, a side-opened furnace door, a detachable furnace top and a trolley type furnace bottom; the furnace shell of the steel structure is fixed on a ground foundation through a support, and the lining of the furnace shell is made of refractory materials and used for isolating high temperature in the furnace; the furnace door is arranged on the front side furnace shell, and a smoke outlet is formed in the rear side furnace shell opposite to the front side furnace shell; the detachable furnace top is connected with the furnace shell through a flange so as to facilitate the detachment and the replacement of the furnace top and the lining of the furnace shell; a furnace bottom heat insulation layer made of refractory materials is also arranged on the trolley type furnace bottom, and a mounting hole of a porous medium burner is arranged in the middle of the trolley type furnace bottom; four supports are arranged on the trolley type furnace bottom, and wheel structures are arranged at the lower parts of the supports and used for entering and exiting the test furnace along with a traction mechanism, so that the porous medium burner panel can be conveniently replaced outside the furnace;
the porous medium burner is provided with an air distribution plate, a burner liner and a porous medium combustion panel, a space enclosed by the air distribution plate and the burner liner is used as an air equalizing chamber, and the porous medium burner is installed in an installation hole of the trolley type furnace bottom and moves along with the trolley type furnace bottom;
the movable water tank is a rectangular tank body with a water tank inlet pipe and a water tank return pipe, the bottom surface of the tank body is parallel to the porous medium burner panel, a baffle plate is arranged in the tank body, the water tank inlet pipe and the water tank return pipe are fixedly connected with a cross rod in an air cylinder lifting mechanism, and the movable water tank pushes the cross rod through the air cylinder movement of the air cylinder lifting mechanism arranged on the detachable furnace top so as to realize vertical up-and-down movement; a water tank inlet pipe and a water tank return pipe of the movable water tank are respectively connected with a metal hose in a water supply pipe network;
the water supply pipe network is provided with a circulating water tank, a water inlet pipeline, a water return pipeline and a metal hose; the water inlet pipeline is connected to the lower part of the circulating water tank, and a water pump, a manual valve, a flowmeter, a thermocouple, a pressure gauge and a metal hose are arranged in the water inlet pipeline; the water return pipeline is connected to the upper part of the circulating water tank, is also provided with a metal hose, and is also provided with a thermocouple and a pressure gauge for realizing the measurement of water pressure and water temperature; the upper part of the circulating water tank is also provided with a water replenishing pipeline, and the constant water temperature of the water inlet pipeline is realized by replenishing new water;
the gas supply pipe network is provided with a gas node, a gas pipeline, a combustion-supporting fan, a combustion-supporting air pipeline, a mixer and an explosion-proof valve; the gas nodes are respectively connected with a gas source and a gas pipeline, and the gas pipeline is sequentially provided with a flow regulating valve, a gas flowmeter and an electromagnetic cut-off valve and then is connected to the mixer; an air pipeline from the combustion fan is divided into two branches, one branch is used as a diffusing pipeline to be connected to a chimney, and the diffusing pipeline can also be used for ejecting and discharging smoke; the other branch is used as a combustion-supporting air pipeline, an air flow regulating valve and an air flow meter are arranged on the combustion-supporting air pipeline, and then a manual valve and a heat exchanger are connected through a 1 st three-way pipe, so that the preheating of combustion-supporting air is realized; the hot air pipeline from the heat exchanger is connected with a 2 nd three-way pipe through a manual valve and then is connected with the mixer, and meanwhile, the combustion-supporting air pipeline is also connected with a combustion-supporting pipe manual valve through a 1 st three-way pipe and then is connected with a 2 nd three-way pipe; the switching of cold air and hot air during the measurement of heating efficiency is realized through the opening and closing of manual valves on two pipelines between the 1 st three-way pipe and the 2 nd three-way pipe and the heat exchanger;
the mixed gas pipeline from the mixer is divided into two branches, one branch pipe is provided with an explosion-proof valve, and the other branch pipe is connected with the porous medium burner through a mixed gas manual valve and a mixed gas metal hose;
the smoke exhaust pipe network is provided with a smoke exhaust port, a smoke exhaust pipeline, a smoke exhaust flashboard, a heat-resistant butterfly valve, a smoke inlet of a heat exchanger, a heat exchanger and a chimney, smoke generated by the trolley type test furnace is exhausted from the smoke exhaust port to reach the smoke exhaust pipeline, the smoke exhaust pipeline beside the smoke exhaust port is provided with the smoke exhaust flashboard, the smoke exhaust pipeline is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the heat exchanger to realize waste heat recovery of the smoke, and the other path is communicated with the atmosphere through the heat-resistant butterfly valve and is used for adding cold air to protect the heat exchanger when the temperature of the smoke is too high.
The cylinder lifting mechanism is fixed on the detachable furnace top and driven by compressed air, and is connected with a compressed air cylinder through a metal hose of a quick-change connector.
The manual valve is installed in the diffusing pipeline, and the diffusing pipeline is used for injecting and exhausting smoke when smoke exhausting resistance is large.
The heat exchanger is a jet flow radiation type heat exchanger.
And the air flow regulating valve in the combustion air pipeline is related to the flow regulating valve of the gas pipeline through a proportional relation so as to realize linkage regulation of the air-fuel flow ratio.
A thermocouple is arranged at the side part of the smoke outlet and is used for measuring the temperature of the hearth smoke; thermocouples are also arranged at the side part of the heat exchanger smoke inlet pipeline and the side part of the heat exchanger smoke outlet pipeline and are used for monitoring the temperature of the hearth smoke and the temperature of the smoke entering and exiting the heat exchanger.
The heat-resistant butterfly valve is in a normally closed state, and is opened only when the temperature of flue gas entering the heat exchanger is too high, and cold air is added to reduce the temperature of the flue gas.
The invention also provides a measuring method applying the device for measuring the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner, which comprises the following steps:
the method includes the steps that firstly, a furnace door of the trolley type test furnace is opened, a trolley type furnace bottom is moved to the outside of the furnace, after a porous medium burner is installed in a mounting hole of the trolley type furnace bottom, the trolley type furnace bottom is pushed into the trolley type test furnace, and the furnace door is closed; connecting a mixed gas metal hose on a mixed gas pipeline with an inlet of a porous medium burner on a trolley type furnace bottom; adjusting the distance between a movable water tank in the furnace and the porous medium combustion panel;
opening a combustion-supporting fan, and opening a combustion-supporting pipe manual valve on a combustion-supporting air pipeline to ensure normal flow of combustion-supporting air; opening a water pump, and opening a manual valve on a water supply pipe network to ensure that water in a water inlet pipeline and a water return pipeline normally flows; opening a flue gate; checking that a heat-resistant butterfly valve for cold air charging is in a closed state;
thirdly, setting air flow and air-fuel ratio; calibrating the calorific value Q of gasdOpening a mixed gas manual valve on a mixed gas pipeline, and opening an electromagnetic cut-off valve on a gas pipeline; igniting after the gas flow is stable;
fourth, the temperature rise process in the trolley type test furnace is recorded, and after the temperature in the furnace is stable, the environmental temperature t is recorded through the indoor thermometer and the indoor anemometerRing(s)Ambient wind velocity VRing(s)；
Respectively recording the water inlet temperature t according to the thermocouples on the water inlet pipeline and the water return pipelineInflow waterAnd return water temperature tReturn water；
Recording water flow rate Q from a water intake flowmeterv(ii) a Recording the gas flow B according to the gas flow meter;
according to air flowThe meter records the air flow Ln；
Recording the temperature t of the flue gas discharged from the furnace according to a thermocouple arranged at the side part of the smoke outlet of the furnaceChamber cigarette(ii) a Measuring the exhaust gas temperature t according to a thermocouple at the chimneySmoke exhaust(ii) a The preheating temperature t of the combustion air is measured by a thermocouple between the heat exchanger and the mixerPre-emption(ii) a The temperature t of the surface of the furnace shell is measured by a temperature measuring gunWatch (A)(ii) a Determination of porous medium combustion panel temperature t by thermal infrared imagerPanel board；
Fifthly, adjusting the distance between the movable water tank in the furnace and the porous medium combustion panel, and recording the numerical values of the parameters listed in the fourth step again;
sixthly, adjusting the heat load, namely adjusting the gas flow, and recording the numerical values of the parameters listed in the fourth step again;
after a set of measurement is finished, closing an electromagnetic cut-off valve of a gas pipeline and a manual mixed gas valve, not closing a combustion-supporting fan and a water pump, opening a mixed gas metal hose to be connected with an inlet of a porous medium burner on the trolley type furnace bottom when the furnace temperature is reduced to be below 100 ℃, opening a furnace door, and pulling out the trolley type furnace bottom to replace a porous medium combustion panel of the porous medium burner needing to be measured;
and then repeating the said steps of said tri-and-pig operation; after all the measurements are finished, opening the furnace door for cooling when the furnace temperature is reduced to be below 100 ℃ until the trolley type test furnace is cooled to the room temperature, and then closing the combustion fan and the water pump;
a self-hairiness, a heat income term and a heat expenditure term obtained by measurement, wherein:
1) the heat income items are 2 items:
firstly, the heat quantity Q of fuel combustionBaking，QBaking＝BQd…………………………………………⑴
② heat brought by preheated air QPre-emption，QPre-emption＝LnρAir conditionerCAir conditioner(tPre-emption—tRing (C))…………………⑵
2) The heat expenditure terms are 4 terms:
firstly, coolingWater carrying away heat quantity QEffect of (1)，QEffect(s) of promoting digestion＝QvρWater (I)CWater (W)(tReturn water—tInflow water)………………………⑶
② heat dissipated from the surface of the furnace QMedicine for treating chronic hepatitis B，QMedicine for treating chronic hepatitis B＝hA(tWatch (CN)—tRing(s))………………………………⑷
Thirdly, the flue gas discharged from the furnace chamber takes away heat QBore cigarette，QChamber cigarette＝VnρCigarette with heating meansCCigarette with heating means(tBore cigarette—tRing (C))……………⑸
Fourthly, heat Q taken away by smoke exhaust of chimneyCigarette with heating means，QCigarette with heating means＝Vnρ′Cigarette with heating meansC′Cigarette with heating means(tSmoke exhaust—tRing(s))………………⑹
In the above formula: qBaking device、QPre-emption、QEffect of (1)、QMedicine for treating chronic hepatitis B、QChamber cigarette、QCigarette with heating means、QdThe heat quantity unit of (A) is kJ/h, namely kilojoule/hour; qdTo calibrate the heat value of the fuel gas; qvIs water flow; b is the gas flow; l isnIs the air flow rate; t is tInflow waterThe temperature of the inlet water is set; t is tReturn waterThe temperature of the return water is; t is tPre-emptionPreheating the temperature of combustion air; t is tRing (C)Is ambient temperature; t is tWatch (A)The furnace shell surface temperature; t is tChamber cigaretteThe temperature of the flue gas discharged from the furnace chamber; t is tSmoke exhaustThe temperature of the flue gas discharged from the chimney; a is the surface area of the furnace, m2(ii) a h is the convective heat transfer coefficient between the outer surface of the furnace and the environment, and h is approximately equal to 9.3+0.06tWatch (CN)The unit is W/(m DEG C); vnIs the actual smoke generation in m3H, can be obtained by calculation;
in addition: rhoWater (W)-density of water at inlet and return water temperatures; rhoAir conditioner-density of air at pre-heating temperature; rhoCigarette with heating means-flue gas density at the tapping temperature; rho'Cigarette with heating means-flue gas density at stack exit temperature; cWater (W)-specific heat capacity of water at inlet and return water temperatures; cAir conditioner-the constant specific heat of air at the preheating temperature; cCigarette with heating meansTemperature of furnaceThe constant pressure specific heat of the lower flue gas; c'Cigarette with heating meansThe specific heat at constant pressure of the flue gas at the exhaust gas temperature of the chimney is obtained by a table look-up of known temperatures;
further, calculating the heating efficiency eta of the porous medium burner,
namely, the measurement of the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the device and the method for measuring the heating efficiency of the porous medium device have the advantages that:
the combustion-supporting air pipeline designed in the device disclosed by the invention is connected with a heat exchanger through a 1 st three-way pipe and a manual valve, so that the combustion-supporting air is preheated, and a hot air pipeline from the heat exchanger is connected with a mixer through the manual valve and a 2 nd three-way pipe; meanwhile, the combustion-supporting air pipeline is also connected with a 2 nd three-way pipe through a 1 st three-way pipe and a combustion-supporting pipe manual valve; the switching of cold air and hot air during the measurement of the heating efficiency is realized by opening and closing manual valves on two pipelines between the 1 st three-way pipe and the 2 nd three-way pipe and the heat exchanger; and further, the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner can be accurately measured under the condition of variable working conditions.
The movable water tank designed in the device provided by the invention can vertically move in the trolley type test furnace through the cylinder of the cylinder lifting mechanism arranged on the detachable furnace top, so that the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner can be accurately measured under the condition of variable angle coefficient.
The furnace bottom of the car-type test furnace designed in the device is movable, the furnace top is detachable, refractory materials in the furnace can be conveniently replaced, and therefore the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner can be accurately measured under the condition that lining materials of a furnace shell are changed.
The device is scientific and reasonable in structure, the measuring method is standard in process, and measured data are accurate and reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device for measuring the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner.
In the figure: 1-furnace door; 2, furnace shell; 3, lining a furnace shell; 4, furnace top; 5, a movable water tank; 6-circulating water tank; 7, a water pump; 8-manual valve; 9-a water inlet flowmeter; 10-a thermocouple; 11-a pressure gauge; 12-a metal hose; 13-a water return pipe; 14-water inlet pipe; 15-cylinder lifting mechanism; 16-a grid plate; 17-burner lining; 18-porous medium combustion panel; 19-furnace bottom heat insulation layer; 20-car hearth; 21-mixed gas metal hose; 22-gas mixture hand valve; 23-a mixer; 24-electromagnetic cut-off valve; 25-a gas flow meter; 26-gas flow regulating valve; 27-gas line; 28-gas node; 29-explosion-proof valve; 30, a chimney; 31-a heat exchanger; 32-inlet of heat exchanger smoke; 33-heat resistant butterfly valve; 34-flue gates; 35-smoke outlet; 36-a smoke exhaust duct; 39-a blow-off line; 40-combustion-supporting fan; 41-combustion air pipeline; 42-air flow regulating valve; 43 — an air flow meter; 44-combustion-supporting tube manual valve; 45-1 st three-way pipe; 46-2 nd tee pipe; 51-water tank return pipe; 52-water tank inlet pipe.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the apparatus and method for measuring the heating efficiency of a porous medium burner according to the present invention with reference to the drawings and the specific examples, but the practice of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1: the invention provides a device for measuring the heating efficiency of a porous medium burner, which has a structure shown in figure 1. The device is provided with a trolley type test furnace, a porous medium burner, a movable water tank 5, an air cylinder lifting mechanism 15, a water supply pipe network, an air supply pipe network, a smoke exhaust pipe network, a heat exchanger 31, a measuring system and a control system; the measuring system comprises a flow meter, a pressure meter and a thermocouple which are arranged in a water supply pipe network, an air supply pipe network and a smoke exhaust pipe network, and the control system is used for controlling the water and gas regulation of each pipe network and controlling the temperature, pressure and running state of the trolley type test furnace.
The trolley type test furnace is provided with a furnace shell 2, a furnace shell lining 3, a side-opened furnace door 1, a detachable furnace top 4 and a trolley type furnace bottom 20; the stove outer covering of steel construction passes through the support to be fixed on ground basis, and the stove outer covering inside lining is built by refractory material, and refractory fiber is chooseed for use to refractory material in this embodiment, and the stove outer covering inside lining is used for keeping apart the interior high temperature of stove. The furnace door 1 is arranged on the front side furnace shell, and the rear side furnace shell opposite to the furnace door is provided with a smoke outlet 35; the detachable furnace top 4 is connected with the furnace shell through a flange so as to facilitate the detachment and the replacement of the furnace top and the replacement of the furnace shell lining 3; a furnace bottom heat insulation layer 19 made of refractory fibers is also arranged on the trolley type furnace bottom 20, and the middle part of the trolley type furnace bottom is provided with a mounting hole of a porous medium burner; the bogie hearth can enter and exit the bottom of the test furnace along with the traction mechanism, which is convenient for replacing the porous medium combustion panel 18 outside the furnace.
The porous medium burner is provided with an air distribution plate 16, a burner lining 17 and a porous medium combustion panel 18, the space enclosed by the air distribution plate and the burner lining is used as an air equalizing chamber, and the porous medium burner is installed in an installation hole of the trolley type furnace bottom and can move along with the trolley type furnace bottom plate.
The movable water tank 5 is a rectangular tank body with a water tank inlet pipe 52 and a water tank return pipe 51, the bottom surface of the tank body is parallel to the porous medium burner panel 18, a baffle plate is arranged in the tank body, the water tank inlet pipe and the water tank return pipe are fixedly connected with a cross rod in the cylinder lifting mechanism 15, and the movable water tank pushes the cross rod to further realize the up-and-down movement in the vertical direction through the cylinder movement of the cylinder lifting mechanism arranged on the furnace top 4; the cylinder lifting mechanism is driven by compressed air and is connected with a compressed air cylinder through a metal hose of a quick-change connector; the water inlet pipe and the water return pipe of the movable water tank are respectively connected with the metal hose 12 in the water supply network.
The water supply pipe network is provided with a circulating water tank 6, a water pump 7, a water inlet pipeline 14, a water return pipeline 13 and a metal hose 12; the water inlet pipeline is connected to the lower part of the circulating water tank, and a water pump, a manual valve 8, a flowmeter 9, a thermocouple 10, a pressure gauge 11 and a metal hose are arranged in the water inlet pipeline; the water return pipeline is connected to the upper part of the circulating water tank, a metal hose is arranged on the water return pipeline, and a thermocouple and a pressure gauge are also arranged on the water return pipeline and used for measuring water pressure and water temperature; the upper part of the circulating water tank is also provided with a water replenishing pipeline, and the constant water temperature of the water inlet pipeline is realized by a method of replenishing new water.
The gas supply pipe network is provided with a gas node 28, a gas pipeline 27, a combustion fan 40, a combustion air pipeline 41, a mixer 23 and an explosion-proof valve 29; the gas nodes are respectively connected with a gas source and a gas pipeline, and a flow regulating valve 26, a gas flowmeter 25 and an electromagnetic cut-off valve 24 are sequentially arranged on the gas pipeline and connected to the mixer 23; the air line from the combustion fan 40 is divided into two branches, one branch being connected to the chimney 30 as a bleed line 39; a manual valve 8 is arranged in the diffusing pipeline, and when the smoke discharge resistance is large, the diffusing pipeline can be used for ejecting smoke discharge. The other branch of the air pipeline is used as a combustion-supporting air pipeline 41, after an air flow regulating valve 42 and an air flow meter 43 are arranged on the combustion-supporting air pipeline, the combustion-supporting air pipeline is connected with a manual valve 8 and a heat exchanger 31 through a 1 st three-way pipe 45, a hot air pipeline from the heat exchanger is connected with a 2 nd three-way pipe 46 and a mixer 23 through the manual valve 8, and meanwhile, the combustion-supporting air pipeline is also connected with a combustion-supporting pipe manual valve 44 through the 1 st three-way pipe 45 and then is connected with the 2 nd three-way pipe 46; the switching of cold air and hot air during the measurement of heating efficiency is realized through the opening and closing of manual valves on two pipelines between the 1 st three-way pipe and the 2 nd three-way pipe and the heat exchanger; the air flow regulating valve 42 in the combustion air pipeline is connected with the fuel gas flow regulating valve 26 of the fuel gas pipeline through a proportional relationship, so that the air-fuel flow ratio can be adjusted in a linkage mode.
The mixed gas pipeline from the mixer 23 is divided into two branches, one branch is provided with an explosion-proof valve 29, and the other branch is connected with the porous medium burner through a mixed gas manual valve 22 and a mixed gas metal hose 21.
The smoke exhaust pipe network is provided with a smoke exhaust port 35, a smoke exhaust pipeline 36, a smoke exhaust shutter 34, a heat-resistant butterfly valve 33, a smoke inlet 32 of the heat exchanger, a heat exchanger 31 and a chimney 30, smoke generated by the trolley type test furnace is exhausted from the smoke exhaust port to the smoke exhaust pipeline, the smoke exhaust shutter 34 is arranged beside the smoke exhaust port, the smoke exhaust pipeline is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the heat exchanger through the smoke inlet 32 of the heat exchanger to realize waste heat recovery of the smoke, and the other path is communicated with the atmosphere through the heat-resistant butterfly valve 33; the heat-resistant butterfly valve is in a normally closed state, and is opened only when the temperature of flue gas entering the heat exchanger is too high, and cold air is added to reduce the temperature of the flue gas. The heat exchanger 31 is a jet flow radiation type heat exchanger.
A thermocouple is arranged at the side part of the smoke outlet 35 and is used for measuring the temperature of the hearth smoke; thermocouples are also arranged at the side part of the heat exchanger smoke inlet 32 pipeline and the side part of the heat exchanger smoke outlet pipeline and are used for monitoring the temperature of the hearth smoke and the temperature of the smoke entering and exiting the heat exchanger.
The invention also provides a measuring method applying the device for measuring the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, opening a furnace door 1 of a trolley type test furnace, moving a trolley type furnace bottom 20 to the outside of the furnace, mounting a porous medium burner in a mounting hole of the trolley type furnace bottom, pushing the trolley type furnace bottom into the trolley type test furnace, and closing the furnace door; connecting a mixed gas metal hose 21 on a mixed gas pipeline with an inlet of a porous medium burner on a trolley type furnace bottom; adjusting the distance between the movable water tank 5 in the furnace and the porous medium combustion panel 18;
secondly, the combustion fan 40 is opened, and the combustion pipe manual valve 44 on the combustion air pipeline is opened, so that the combustion air can flow normally; a water pump 7 is started, a manual valve 8 on a water supply pipe network is opened, and normal flow of water in a water inlet pipeline and a water return pipeline is ensured; opening the flue shutter 34, and checking that the heat-resistant butterfly valve 33 for cold air charging is in a closed state;
thirdly, setting air flow and air-fuel ratio; calibrating the calorific value Q of gasdOpening a mixed gas manual valve 22 on a mixed gas pipeline and opening an electromagnetic cut-off valve 24 on a gas pipeline; igniting after the gas flow is stable;
fourth, record the temperature rise in the bogie hearth type test furnaceAfter the temperature in the furnace is stable, recording the ambient temperature t by an indoor thermometer and an indoor anemometerRing(s)Ambient wind speed VRing (C)；
The temperature t of the inlet water is recorded according to the thermocouple 10 on the water inlet pipeline 14 and the water return pipeline 13Inflow waterAnd return water temperature tReturn water；
Recording water flow rate Q according to intake flowmeter 9v(ii) a Recording the gas flow rate B according to the gas flow meter 25;
recording the air flow rate L according to the air flow meter 43n；
Recording the temperature t of the flue gas discharged from the hearth according to a thermocouple arranged at the smoke outlet 35Chamber cigarette(ii) a Measuring the exhaust gas temperature t according to a thermocouple at the chimneySmoke exhaust(ii) a The preheating temperature t of the combustion air is measured by a thermocouple between the heat exchanger and the mixerPre-emption(ii) a The temperature t of the surface of the furnace shell is measured by a temperature measuring gunWatch (A)(ii) a Determination of porous medium combustion panel temperature t by thermal infrared imagerPanel board；
Fifthly, adjusting the distance between the movable water tank 5 in the furnace and the porous medium combustion panel 18, and recording the numerical values of the parameters listed in the fourth step again;
sixthly, adjusting the heat load, namely adjusting the gas flow, and recording the numerical values of the parameters listed in the step four again;
after a group of measurement is finished, firstly closing an electromagnetic shut-off valve 24 and a mixed gas manual valve 22 of a gas pipeline, not closing a combustion fan and a water pump, when the furnace temperature is reduced to be below 100 ℃, opening a connection between a mixed gas metal hose 21 and an inlet of a porous medium burner on the trolley-type furnace bottom 20, opening a furnace door, and dragging out the trolley-type furnace bottom to replace the porous medium combustion panel 18 of the porous medium burner needing to be measured;
and then repeating the said steps of said tri-and-pig operation; and after all the measurements are finished, opening the furnace door for cooling when the furnace temperature is reduced to be below 100 ℃ until the trolley type test furnace is cooled to the room temperature, and then closing the combustion fan 40 and the water pump 7.
A self-hairiness, a heat income term and a heat expenditure term obtained by measurement, wherein:
1) the heat income items are 2 items:
firstly, the heat quantity Q of fuel combustionBaking device，QBaking device＝B Qd…………………………………………⑴
② heat brought by preheated air QPre-emption，QPre-emption＝LnρAir conditionerCAir conditioner(tPre-emption—tRing (C))………………⑵
2) The heat expenditure terms are 4 terms:
firstly, the cooling water takes away heat QEffect of (1)，QEffect of (1)＝QvρWater (I)CWater (W)(tReturn water—tInflow water)……………………⑶
② heat dissipated from the surface of the furnace QMedicine for treating chronic hepatitis B，QMedicine for treating chronic hepatitis B＝hA(tWatch (A)—tRing (C))……………………………⑷
Thirdly, the flue gas discharged from the furnace chamber takes away heat QChamber cigarette，QChamber cigarette＝VnρCigarette with heating meansCCigarette with heating means(tChamber cigarette—tRing (C))……………⑸
Fourthly, heat Q taken away by smoke exhaust of chimneyCigarette with heating means，QCigarette with heating means＝Vnρ′Cigarette with heating meansC′Cigarette with heating means(tSmoke exhaust—tRing (C))……………⑹
In the above formula: qBaking、QPre-emption、QEffect(s) of promoting digestion、QMedicine for treating chronic hepatitis B、QBore cigarette、QCigarette with heating means、QdThe heat quantity unit of (A) is kJ/h, namely kilojoule/hour; qdTo calibrate the heat value of the fuel gas; qvIs water flow; b is the gas flow; l isnIs the air flow rate; t is tInflow waterThe temperature of the inlet water is set; t is tReturn waterThe temperature of the return water is; t is tPre-emptionPreheating the temperature of combustion air; t is tRing (C)Is ambient temperature; t is tWatch (CN)The furnace shell surface temperature; t is tChamber cigaretteThe temperature of the flue gas discharged from the furnace chamber; t is tSmoke exhaustThe temperature of the exhaust gas; a is the external surface area of the furnace, and the unit is m2(ii) a h is the convection heat transfer coefficient between the outer surface of the furnace and the environment, and h is approximately equal to 9.3+0.06tWatch (A)The unit is W/(m DEG C); vnFor actual flue gas productionBiomass in m3The/h, i.e. cubic meter per hour, can be obtained by calculation;
in addition: rhoWater (W)-density of water at inlet and return water temperatures; rhoAir conditioner-density of air at pre-heating temperature; rhoCigarette with heating means-flue gas density at the tapping temperature; rho'Cigarette with heating means-flue gas density at stack exit temperature; cWater (W)-specific heat capacity of water at inlet and return water temperatures; cAir conditioner-the constant specific heat of air at the preheating temperature; cCigarette with heating means-the specific heat at constant pressure of the flue gas at the temperature of the furnace; c'Cigarette with heating meansThe specific heat at constant pressure of the flue gas at the exhaust gas temperature of the chimney is obtained by a table look-up of known temperatures;
further, calculating the heating efficiency eta of the porous medium burner,
namely, the measurement of the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner is completed.
Example 2: the invention uses the device for measuring the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner provided in the example 1, the operation method is basically the same as the example 1, except that the step 1) is carried out, namely:
1) opening a furnace door 1 of the trolley type test furnace, moving the trolley type furnace bottom 20 out of the furnace, replacing the material of a furnace shell lining 3 with a composite lining consisting of clay bricks and diatomite bricks, installing a porous medium burner in the trolley type furnace bottom, pushing the trolley type furnace bottom into the trolley type test furnace, and closing the furnace door; connecting a mixed gas metal hose 21 on a mixed gas pipeline with an inlet of a porous medium burner on the trolley type furnace bottom; adjusting the distance between the movable water tank 5 in the furnace and the porous medium combustion panel 18; repeating the second to the self-skin operation steps in the embodiment 1; the fuel combustion heat Q of the device can be arranged by a heat balance formula through measuring the obtained dataBakingAnd QEffect of (1)And further calculating the heating efficiency eta of the porous medium burner according to the formula. This example is to complete the porous medium under the condition of changing the furnace lining materialAnd (4) measuring the heating efficiency of the mass burner.
Example 3: the operation steps of the device for measuring the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner provided by the embodiment 1 of the invention are basically the same as those of the embodiment 1, except for the operation step of fifthly, namely, the distance between the movable water tank 5 in the furnace and the porous medium combustion panel 18 is adjusted, and the numerical values of the parameters listed in the step fourth are recorded; the heat quantity Q of the fuel combustion of the device can be arranged by a heat balance formula through measuring the obtained dataBakingAnd QEffect of (1)And further calculating the heating efficiency eta of the porous medium burner according to the formula, namely completing the measurement of the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner.
In this example, the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner was measured by changing the angle coefficient.
The device of the invention has scientific and reasonable design and standard determination method. The invention can realize the accurate measurement of the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner under the conditions of variable working conditions, variable angle coefficients or variable furnace shell lining materials. The determination of the invention can optimize the optimal use condition of the porous medium combustor, provide basis for reasonably selecting porous medium materials and matching with scientific combustor arrangement angle coefficients and furnace lining materials, and realize the purpose of further improving the combustion efficiency of the porous medium combustor.
Claims (8)
1. A device for measuring the heating efficiency of a porous medium burner is provided with a trolley type test furnace, the porous medium burner, a movable water tank, a cylinder lifting mechanism, a water supply pipe network, a gas supply pipe network, a smoke exhaust pipe network, a heat exchanger, a measuring system and a control system; the measuring system is provided with a flowmeter, a pressure gauge and a thermocouple in a water supply pipe network, an air supply pipe network and a smoke exhaust pipe network; the control system is used for controlling the regulation of water and gas of each pipe network and controlling the temperature, pressure and running state of the trolley type test furnace; the method is characterized in that:
the trolley type test furnace is provided with a furnace shell, a furnace shell lining, a side-opened furnace door, a detachable furnace top and a trolley type furnace bottom; the furnace shell of the steel structure is fixed on a ground foundation through a support, and the lining of the furnace shell is made of refractory materials and used for isolating high temperature in the furnace; the furnace door is arranged on the front side furnace shell, and a smoke outlet is formed in the rear side furnace shell opposite to the front side furnace shell; the detachable furnace top is connected with the furnace shell through a flange so as to facilitate the detachment and the replacement of the furnace top and the lining of the furnace shell; a furnace bottom heat insulation layer made of refractory materials is also arranged on the trolley type furnace bottom, and a mounting hole of a porous medium burner is arranged in the middle of the trolley type furnace bottom; four supports are arranged on the trolley type furnace bottom, and wheel structures are arranged at the lower parts of the supports and used for entering and exiting the test furnace along with a traction mechanism, so that the porous medium burner panel can be conveniently replaced outside the furnace;
the porous medium burner is provided with an air distribution plate, a burner liner and a porous medium combustion panel, a space enclosed by the air distribution plate and the burner liner is used as an air equalizing chamber, and the porous medium burner is installed in an installation hole of the trolley type furnace bottom and moves along with the trolley type furnace bottom;
the movable water tank is a rectangular tank body with a water tank inlet pipe and a water tank return pipe, the bottom surface of the tank body is parallel to the porous medium burner panel, a baffle plate is arranged in the tank body, the water tank inlet pipe and the water tank return pipe are fixedly connected with a cross rod in an air cylinder lifting mechanism, and the movable water tank pushes the cross rod through the air cylinder movement of the air cylinder lifting mechanism arranged on the detachable furnace top so as to realize vertical up-and-down movement; a water tank inlet pipe and a water tank return pipe of the movable water tank are respectively connected with a metal hose in a water supply pipe network;
the water supply pipe network is provided with a circulating water tank, a water inlet pipeline, a water return pipeline and a metal hose; the water inlet pipeline is connected to the lower part of the circulating water tank, and a water pump, a manual valve, a flow meter, a thermocouple, a pressure gauge and a metal hose are arranged in the water inlet pipeline; the water return pipeline is connected to the upper part of the circulating water tank, is also provided with a metal hose, and is also provided with a thermocouple and a pressure gauge for realizing the measurement of water pressure and water temperature; the upper part of the circulating water tank is also provided with a water replenishing pipeline, and the constant water temperature of the water inlet pipeline is realized by replenishing new water;
the gas supply pipe network is provided with a gas node, a gas pipeline, a combustion fan, a combustion air pipeline, a mixer and an explosion-proof valve; the gas nodes are respectively connected with a gas source and a gas pipeline, and the gas pipeline is sequentially provided with a flow regulating valve, a gas flowmeter and an electromagnetic cut-off valve and then is connected to the mixer; an air pipeline from the combustion fan is divided into two branches, one branch is used as a diffusing pipeline to be connected to a chimney, and the diffusing pipeline can also be used for ejecting and discharging smoke; the other branch is used as a combustion-supporting air pipeline, an air flow regulating valve and an air flow meter are arranged on the combustion-supporting air pipeline, and then a manual valve and a heat exchanger are connected through a 1 st three-way pipe, so that the preheating of combustion-supporting air is realized; the hot air pipeline from the heat exchanger is connected with a 2 nd three-way pipe through a manual valve and then is connected with the mixer, and meanwhile, the combustion-supporting air pipeline is also connected with a combustion-supporting pipe manual valve through a 1 st three-way pipe and then is connected with a 2 nd three-way pipe; the switching of cold air and hot air during the measurement of heating efficiency is realized through the opening and closing of manual valves on two pipelines between the 1 st three-way pipe and the 2 nd three-way pipe and the heat exchanger;
the mixed gas pipeline from the mixer is divided into two branches, one branch pipe is provided with an explosion-proof valve, and the other branch pipe is connected with the porous medium burner through a mixed gas manual valve and a mixed gas metal hose;
the smoke exhaust pipe network is provided with a smoke exhaust port, a smoke exhaust pipeline, a smoke exhaust flashboard, a heat-resistant butterfly valve, a smoke inlet of a heat exchanger, a heat exchanger and a chimney, smoke generated by the trolley type test furnace is exhausted from the smoke exhaust port to reach the smoke exhaust pipeline, the smoke exhaust pipeline beside the smoke exhaust port is provided with the smoke exhaust flashboard, the smoke exhaust pipeline is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the heat exchanger to realize waste heat recovery of the smoke, and the other path is communicated with the atmosphere through the heat-resistant butterfly valve and is used for adding cold air to protect the heat exchanger when the temperature of the smoke is too high.
2. The apparatus for determining the heating efficiency of a porous medium burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cylinder lifting mechanism is fixed on the detachable furnace top and driven by compressed air, and is connected with a compressed air cylinder through a metal hose of a quick-change connector.
3. The apparatus for determining the heating efficiency of a porous medium burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the manual valve is installed in the diffusing pipeline, and the diffusing pipeline is used for injecting and exhausting smoke when smoke exhausting resistance is large.
4. The apparatus for determining the heating efficiency of a porous medium burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat exchanger is a jet flow radiation type heat exchanger.
5. The apparatus for determining the heating efficiency of a porous medium burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the air flow regulating valve in the combustion air pipeline is related to the flow regulating valve of the gas pipeline through a proportional relation so as to realize linkage regulation of the air-fuel flow ratio.
6. The apparatus for determining the heating efficiency of a porous medium burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a thermocouple is arranged at the side part of the smoke outlet and is used for measuring the temperature of the hearth smoke; thermocouples are also arranged at the side part of the heat exchanger smoke inlet pipeline and the side part of the heat exchanger smoke outlet pipeline and are used for monitoring the temperature of the hearth smoke and the temperature of the smoke entering and exiting the heat exchanger.
7. The apparatus for determining the heating efficiency of a porous medium burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat-resistant butterfly valve is in a normally closed state, and is opened only when the temperature of flue gas entering the heat exchanger is too high, and cold air is added to reduce the temperature of the flue gas.
8. A method for measuring the heating efficiency of a porous medium burner by using the device for measuring the heating efficiency of a porous medium burner as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the method includes the steps that firstly, a furnace door of the trolley type test furnace is opened, the trolley type furnace bottom is moved out of the furnace, after a porous medium burner is installed in an installation hole of the trolley type furnace bottom, the trolley type furnace bottom is pushed into the trolley type test furnace, and the furnace door is closed; connecting a mixed gas metal hose on a mixed gas pipeline with an inlet of a porous medium burner on a trolley type furnace bottom; adjusting the distance between a movable water tank in the furnace and the porous medium combustion panel;
opening a combustion-supporting fan, and opening a manual valve of a combustion-supporting pipe on a combustion-supporting air pipeline to ensure normal flow of combustion-supporting air; opening a water pump, and opening a manual valve on a water supply pipe network to ensure that water in a water inlet pipeline and a water return pipeline normally flows; opening a flue gate; checking that a heat-resistant butterfly valve for cold air charging is in a closed state;
thirdly, setting air flow and air-fuel ratio; calibrating the calorific value Q of gasdOpening a mixed gas manual valve on a mixed gas pipeline, and opening an electromagnetic cut-off valve on a gas pipeline; igniting after the gas flow is stable;
fourthly, the temperature rise process in the trolley type test furnace is recorded, and after the temperature in the furnace is stable, the ambient temperature t is recorded through the indoor thermometer and the indoor anemometerRing (C)Ambient wind velocity VRing (C)；
Respectively recording the water inlet temperature t according to the thermocouples on the water inlet pipeline and the water return pipelineInflow waterAnd return water temperature tReturn water；
Recording water flow rate Q from a water intake flowmeterv(ii) a Recording the gas flow B according to the gas flow meter;
recording air flow rate L from air flow metern；
Recording the temperature t of the flue gas discharged from the furnace according to a thermocouple arranged at the side part of the smoke outlet of the furnaceBore cigarette(ii) a Measuring the exhaust gas temperature t according to a thermocouple at a chimneySmoke exhaust(ii) a The preheating temperature t of the combustion air is measured by a thermocouple between the heat exchanger and the mixerPre-emption(ii) a The temperature t of the surface of the furnace shell is measured by a temperature measuring gunWatch (CN)(ii) a Determination of porous medium combustion panel temperature t by thermal infrared imagerPanel board；
Fifthly, adjusting the distance between the movable water tank in the furnace and the porous medium combustion panel, and recording the numerical values of the parameters listed in the fourth step again;
sixthly, adjusting the heat load, namely adjusting the gas flow, and recording the numerical values of the parameters listed in the step four again;
after a group of measurement is finished, closing an electromagnetic cut-off valve of a gas pipeline and a mixed gas manual valve, not closing a combustion fan and a water pump, opening a connection between a mixed gas metal hose and an inlet of a porous medium burner on the trolley type furnace bottom when the furnace temperature is reduced to be below 100 ℃, opening a furnace door, dragging out of the trolley type furnace bottom, and replacing a porous medium combustion panel of the porous medium burner needing to be measured;
and then repeating the said steps of said tri-and-pig operation; after all the measurements are finished, opening the furnace door for cooling when the furnace temperature is reduced to be below 100 ℃ until the trolley type test furnace is cooled to the room temperature, and then closing the combustion fan and the water pump;
a self-hairiness, a heat income term and a heat expenditure term obtained by measurement, wherein:
1) the heat income items are 2 items:
firstly, the heat quantity Q of fuel combustionBaking，QBaking＝BQd…………………………………………⑴
② heat brought by preheated air QPre-emption，QPre-emption＝LnρAir conditionerCAir conditioner(tPre-emption—tRing(s))…………………⑵
2) The heat expenditure terms are 4:
firstly, cooling water takes away heat QEffect(s) of promoting digestion，QEffect(s) of promoting digestion＝QvρWater (I)CWater (I)(tReturn water—tInflow water)………………………⑶
② heat dissipation on furnace surface QMedicine for treating chronic hepatitis B，QMedicine for treating chronic hepatitis B＝hA(tWatch (A)—tRing (C))………………………………⑷
Thirdly, the flue gas discharged from the furnace chamber takes away heat QChamber cigarette，QChamber cigarette＝VnρCigarette with heating meansCCigarette with heating means(tChamber cigarette—tRing (C))……………⑸
Fourthly, heat Q taken away by smoke exhaust of chimneyCigarette with heating means，QCigarette with heating means＝Vnρ′Cigarette with heating meansC′Cigarette with heating means(tSmoke exhaust—tRing (C))………………⑹
In the above formula: qBaking、QPre-emption、QEffect of (1)、QMedicine for treating hepatitis、QChamber cigarette、QCigarette with heating means、QdThe heat quantity unit of (A) is kJ/h, namely kilojoule/hour; qdTo calibrate the heat value of the fuel gas; qvIs water flow; b is the gas flow; l isnIs the air flow rate; t is tInflow waterThe temperature of the inlet water is set; t is tReturn waterThe temperature of the return water; t is tPre-emptionPreheating the combustion air; t is tRing (C)Is ambient temperature; t is tWatch (CN)The furnace shell surface temperature; t is tBore cigaretteThe temperature of the flue gas discharged from the furnace chamber; t is tSmoke exhaustThe temperature of the flue gas discharged from the chimney; a is the surface area of the furnace, m2(ii) a h is the convection heat transfer coefficient between the outer surface of the furnace and the environment, and h is approximately equal to 9.3+0.06tWatch (A)The unit is W/(m DEG C); vnIs the actual smoke generation in m3H, which can be obtained by calculation;
in addition: rhoWater (W)-density of water at inlet and return water temperatures; rhoAir conditioner-density of air at pre-heating temperature; rhoCigarette with heating means-flue gas density at the tapping temperature; rho'Cigarette with heating means-flue gas density at stack exit temperature; cWater (I)-specific heat capacity of water at inlet and return water temperatures; cAir conditioner-the specific heat at constant pressure of air at the preheating temperature; cCigarette with heating means-the specific heat at constant pressure of the flue gas at the temperature of the furnace; c'Cigarette with heating meansThe specific heat at constant pressure of the flue gas at the exhaust gas temperature of the chimney is obtained by a table look-up of known temperatures;
further, calculating the heating efficiency eta of the porous medium burner,
namely, the measurement of the heating efficiency of the porous medium burner is completed.
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