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CN112242538A - Packaging structure of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly and manufacturing method and application thereof - Google Patents

Packaging structure of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly and manufacturing method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112242538A
CN112242538A CN201910646172.9A CN201910646172A CN112242538A CN 112242538 A CN112242538 A CN 112242538A CN 201910646172 A CN201910646172 A CN 201910646172A CN 112242538 A CN112242538 A CN 112242538A
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China
Prior art keywords
diffusion layer
gas diffusion
sub
electrode assembly
membrane electrode
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CN201910646172.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
S·高施
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Weishi Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Weishi Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910646172.9A priority Critical patent/CN112242538A/en
Publication of CN112242538A publication Critical patent/CN112242538A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
    • H01M8/0273—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

A packaging structure of a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly and a manufacturing method and application thereof. The invention provides a packaging structure of a membrane electrode assembly and a manufacturing method and application thereof. The packaging structure comprises a membrane electrode assembly; the sealing frame comprises a closed annular first frame and a closed annular second frame, is overlapped with the outer edge of the membrane electrode assembly and is connected with the membrane electrode assembly through an adhesive layer; the first gas diffusion layer is arranged on the upper surface of the sealing frame and defines a first accommodating space together with the sealing frame and the membrane electrode assembly; the second gas diffusion layer is arranged on the lower surface of the sealing frame and defines a second accommodating space together with the sealing frame and the membrane electrode assembly; a third gas diffusion layer disposed in at least one of the first and second accommodating spaces, at least a portion of which has a thickness equal to a height of the first accommodating space when disposed in the first accommodating space; when disposed in the second receiving space, at least a portion of the thickness is the same as the height of the second receiving space. The catalyst layer in the packaging structure is not easy to degrade and short-circuit, and the two sides of the membrane electrode assembly are not easy to exchange gas, so that the performance is better.

Description

Packaging structure of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly and manufacturing method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of materials, in particular to a packaging structure of a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly, a manufacturing method of the packaging structure, a fuel cell stack, a fuel cell system and an electric automobile.
Background
In the related art, a fuel cell generates electric power by chemically reacting fuel with oxygen to generate water. For this purpose, the fuel cell comprises, as a core component, a membrane electrode assembly (MEA-membrane electrode assembly) consisting of a proton exchange membrane and a proton exchange membraneTwo electrodes (anode and cathode) are respectively arranged on two sides. Furthermore, Gas Diffusion Layers (GDLs) may be provided on both sides of the membrane electrode assembly, on the side of the electrodes facing away from the proton exchange membrane. Generally, a fuel cell is constituted by a plurality of MEAs arranged in a stack, and their electric powers are accumulated. During operation of the fuel cell, fuel, especially hydrogen H2Or a hydrogen-containing gas mixture is fed to the anode, where electrochemical oxidation takes place from H2Is converted into H+And outputs the electrons. By means of an electrolyte or a membrane which hermetically isolates and electrically insulates the reaction sides from one another, the protons H are reacted in real time+Water is fed (absorbed or anhydrous) from the anode side to the cathode side. Electrons provided by the anode are introduced to the cathode through an external circuit. Oxygen or a gas mixture containing oxygen is supplied to the cathode, so that the oxygen-containing gas mixture is converted into oxygen2To O2-The reaction of (1). At the same time, on the cathode side these oxygen ions react with the protons transported through the proton exchange membrane to produce water. By directly converting chemical energy into electrical energy, it is not necessary to go through a heat engine process, and therefore is not limited by the carnot cycle, and higher efficiency can be achieved, compared to other power generation equipment.
The proton exchange membrane is typically thin and easily punctured, and therefore, a sealing frame, which is typically formed of a polymer material, is typically provided at the outer edge of the membrane electrode assembly for protecting the proton exchange membrane in the membrane electrode assembly. However, after the sealing frame is arranged, a certain resistance is generated to the electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell, the compression stacking of other structures is not facilitated, and in a serious case, the gas diffusion layer is even broken, and the electrochemical performance of the fuel cell is finally seriously influenced.
Thus, the performance of the current fuel cell still needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to provide a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly package structure, which has a simple and stable structure, is not easy to degrade and short-circuit a catalyst layer at the edge of the membrane electrode assembly, is not easy to exchange gas at two sides of the membrane electrode assembly, is not easy to damage a gas diffusion layer during the manufacturing process, and is not easy to generate a gap so as to prevent the gas circulation of the formed fuel cell during use, thereby prolonging the service life of the fuel cell or improving the performance of the fuel cell.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a package structure of a membrane electrode assembly of a fuel cell. The packaging structure comprises: a membrane electrode assembly; the sealing frame comprises a first frame, a second frame and an adhesive layer which are oppositely arranged, the first frame and the second frame are respectively in a closed ring shape and are respectively overlapped with the outer edge of the membrane electrode assembly on two opposite surfaces of the membrane electrode assembly, and the parts of the first frame and the second frame which are not overlapped with the membrane electrode assembly are connected through the adhesive layer; a first gas diffusion layer disposed on an upper surface of the sealing frame and defining a first receiving space together with the sealing frame and the membrane electrode assembly; a second gas diffusion layer disposed on a lower surface of the sealing frame and defining a second receiving space together with the sealing frame and the membrane electrode assembly; a third gas diffusion layer that is disposed in at least one of the first receiving space and the second receiving space and has at least a portion having the same thickness as the first receiving space height when the third gas diffusion layer is disposed in the first receiving space; when the third gas diffusion layer is disposed in the second receiving space, at least a portion of the third gas diffusion layer has a thickness that is the same as the height of the second receiving space.
Further, the third gas diffusion layer includes a first sub-diffusion layer and a second sub-diffusion layer, the first sub-diffusion layer is disposed in the first receiving space, the second sub-diffusion layer is disposed in the second receiving space, a thickness of the first sub-diffusion layer is the same as a height of the first receiving space, and a thickness of the second sub-diffusion layer is the same as a height of the second receiving space.
Further, at least one of the following conditions is satisfied: the first sub-diffusion layer fills the first accommodating space; the second sub-diffusion layer fills the second accommodating space; the first sub-diffusion layer is integrally formed with the first gas diffusion layer; the second sub-diffusion layer is integrally formed with the second gas diffusion layer; the material forming the first sub-diffusion layer and the second sub-diffusion layer includes a carbon material; the material forming the first gas diffusion layer and the second gas diffusion layer includes at least one of a carbon material and a metal material.
Further, at least one of the following conditions is satisfied: the width of the lap joint part of the first frame and the outer edge of the membrane electrode assembly is 1 mm-5 mm; the width of the lap joint part of the second frame and the outer edge of the membrane electrode assembly is 1 mm-5 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the packaging structure has the following advantages:
because the packaging structure is provided with the third gas diffusion layer, in the process of stacking and compressing during manufacturing, the contact part of the edge of the gas diffusion layer and the edge of the sealing frame cannot generate overlarge stress, so that a catalyst layer at the edge of the membrane electrode assembly is not easy to degrade, the membrane electrode assembly is not easy to generate short circuit, and gas exchange is not easy to generate at two sides of the membrane electrode assembly; and the gas diffusion layer is difficult to damage in the manufacturing process, and the packaging structure has simple and stable structure, and the gas circulation is blocked when the fuel cell is used, which can not cause the formation of gaps in the packaging structure, thereby further prolonging the service life of the fuel cell and improving the performance of the fuel cell.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing the package structure described above.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method of making the aforementioned package structure. The method includes overlapping the membrane electrode assembly with a first rim and a second rim of a sealing frame; forming a first gas diffusion layer on an upper surface of the sealing frame; forming a second gas diffusion layer on a lower surface of the sealing frame; a third gas diffusion layer is formed.
Further, the third gas diffusion layer includes a first sub-diffusion layer and a second sub-diffusion layer, and the first sub-diffusion layer and the second sub-diffusion layer satisfy at least one of the following conditions: the first sub-diffusion layer is formed by: forming a cover film in a closed ring shape and fitting the cover film on the outer edge of the first gas diffusion layer; coating a material forming the first sub-diffusion layer on a surface of the first gas diffusion layer not covered by the cover film; removing the cover film; the second sub-diffusion layer is formed by: forming a cover film in a closed ring shape and fitting the cover film on the outer edge of the second gas diffusion layer; coating a material forming the second sub-diffusion layer on a surface of the second gas diffusion layer not covered by the cover film; and removing the cover film.
Further, the third gas diffusion layer comprises a first sub-diffusion layer and a second sub-diffusion layer, and the method satisfies at least one of the following conditions: the first gas diffusion layer and the first sub-diffusion layer are integrally formed by: filling a mold having a predetermined shape with a material forming the first gas diffusion layer and the first sub-diffusion layer; removing the mold; the second gas diffusion layer and the second sub-diffusion layer are integrally formed by: filling a mold having a predetermined shape with a material forming the second gas diffusion layer and the second sub-diffusion layer; and removing the mold.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:
the method is simple and convenient to operate, easy to realize and easy for industrial production, the packaging structure can be effectively manufactured, the manufactured packaging structure is simple and stable in structure, the catalyst layer at the edge of the membrane electrode assembly is not easy to degrade and short-circuit, gas exchange is not easy to occur at two sides of the membrane electrode assembly, and the gas diffusion layer is not easy to damage in the manufacturing process, so that the gas circulation of the formed fuel cell is prevented when the fuel cell is used due to no gap in the packaging structure, and the service life of the fuel cell is long and the performance of the fuel cell is good.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell stack.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a fuel cell stack. The fuel cell stack includes: the package structure of the preceding, wherein the outer edge of the sealing frame in the package structure exceeds the outer edges of the first gas diffusion layer and the second gas diffusion layer in the package structure; a first plate disposed on an upper surface of the encapsulation structure with an outer edge of the first plate beyond outer edges of the first and second gas diffusion layers; a second plate disposed on a lower surface of the encapsulation structure, an outer edge of the second plate exceeding outer edges of the first and second gas diffusion layers; a seal disposed between an outer edge of the sealing frame and outer edges of the first and second plates for sealing the fuel cell stack.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:
because the fuel cell stack comprises the packaging structure, in the process of stacking and compressing during manufacturing, excessive stress cannot be generated on the contact part of the edge of the gas diffusion layer and the edge of the sealing frame, so that a catalyst layer at the edge of the membrane electrode assembly is not easy to degrade, the membrane electrode assembly is not easy to generate short circuit, and gas exchange is not easy to generate at two sides of the membrane electrode assembly; and the gas diffusion layer is not easy to damage in the manufacturing process, and the gas circulation is blocked when the gas diffusion layer is used due to no gap, so that the gas diffusion layer is long in service life and good in performance.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a fuel cell system. The fuel cell system includes the fuel cell stack described above.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:
the fuel cell system comprises the fuel cell stack, so the fuel cell system has long service life and good performance, has all the characteristics and advantages of the fuel cell stack, and is not repeated herein.
The invention also aims to provide an electric automobile.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
an electric automobile. The electric vehicle includes the fuel cell system described above.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:
the electric automobile has strong driving force and good commercial prospect due to the fuel cell system, and has all the characteristics and advantages of the fuel cell stack, and redundant description is omitted.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a related art package structure of a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a package structure of a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a package structure of a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a package structure of a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for fabricating a package structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a step of fabricating a first sub-diffusion layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7a, 7b and 7c are schematic flow charts illustrating steps of fabricating the first sub-diffusion layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart illustrating steps of fabricating a first gas diffusion layer and a first sub-diffusion layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. 1' -packaging structure, 10, 100-membrane electrode assembly, 11-proton exchange membrane, 12-electrode layer, 20-gas diffusion layer, 30-frame, 40, 203-adhesive layer, 88-first receiving space, 99-second receiving space, 201-first frame, 202-second frame, 300-first gas diffusion layer, 400-second gas diffusion layer, 499-material forming third gas diffusion layer, 500-third gas diffusion layer, 510-first sub-diffusion layer, 520-second sub-diffusion layer, 600-first plate, 700-second plate, 800-seal
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The present invention has been completed based on the following findings of the inventors:
in the related art, referring to fig. 1, a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly package structure 1' includes a membrane electrode assembly 10, the membrane electrode assembly 10 including a proton exchange membrane 11, and an electrode layer 12; a gas diffusion layer 20; a sealing frame comprising a bezel 30 and an adhesive layer 40. However, the package structure 1' of the membrane electrode assembly of the fuel cell in the related art is subjected to an external pressure during the stack compression process for manufacturing the product forming the fuel cell, in which a stepped portion (a portion shown by a dotted circle in fig. 1) contacting the edge of the sealing frame at the edge of the gas diffusion layer 20 generates a large stress, thereby causing the catalyst layer at the edge of the membrane electrode assembly 10 to be easily degraded, the membrane electrode assembly to be easily short-circuited, and causing gas exchange to be easily generated at both sides of the membrane electrode assembly; moreover, in the package structure 1', the gap between the membrane electrode assembly 10 and the gas diffusion layer 20 may cause the gas diffusion layer to be easily damaged during the manufacturing process, so that the circulation of gas is easily blocked when the package structure is used after the fuel cell is formed, and thus the package structure of the membrane electrode assembly of the fuel cell has a short service life and poor performance after the fuel cell is assembled.
In one aspect of the present invention, a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly package structure is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the package structure 1 includes: a membrane electrode assembly 100; the sealing frame comprises a first frame 201, a second frame 202 and an adhesive layer 203 which are oppositely arranged, wherein the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 are respectively in a closed ring shape and are respectively overlapped with the outer edge of the membrane electrode assembly 100 on two opposite surfaces of the membrane electrode assembly 100, and the parts, which are not overlapped with the membrane electrode assembly 100, of the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 are connected through the adhesive layer 203; a first gas diffusion layer 300, the first gas diffusion layer 300 being disposed on an upper surface of the sealing frame and defining a first accommodation space 88 together with the sealing frame and the membrane electrode assembly 100; a second gas diffusion layer 400, the second gas diffusion layer 400 being disposed on a lower surface of the sealing frame and defining a second receiving space 99 together with the sealing frame and the membrane electrode assembly 100; a third gas diffusion layer 500, the third gas diffusion layer 500 being disposed in at least one of the first accommodation space 88 and the second accommodation space 99, and when the third gas diffusion layer 500 is disposed in the first accommodation space 88, a thickness D of at least a portion of the third gas diffusion layer 500 and a height H of the first accommodation space 881The same; when the third gas diffusion layer 500 is disposed in the second receiving space 99, a thickness D of at least a portion of the third gas diffusion layer 500 and a height H of the second receiving space 992The same is true. The inventor finds that the structure of the packaging structure 1 is simple and stable, the catalyst layer at the edge of the membrane electrode assembly 100 is not easy to degrade and short circuit occurs, gas exchange is not easy to occur at two sides of the membrane electrode assembly 100, and the gas diffusion layer is not easy to damage in the manufacturing process, so that the gas circulation of the fuel cell formed due to the fact that gaps cannot occur in the packaging structure 1 is blocked when the fuel cell is used, and the service life of the fuel cell is long, and the performance of the fuel cell is good.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the membrane electrode assembly 100 in the package structure of the present invention may specifically include a proton exchange membrane and an electrode layer, where the electrode layer may include a cathode and an anode, and the arrangement positions and the arrangement manners of the electrode layers are those in a conventional membrane electrode assembly, and are not described in detail herein.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that in the membrane electrode assembly 100, a catalyst layer having the same area as the proton exchange membrane and the electrode layer is provided between the proton exchange membrane and the electrode layer.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material forming the first frame and the second frame may include polyester, fluoropolymer, polycarbonate film, or the like; the material forming the tie layer may comprise a thermoplastic material such as modified polyether, polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, and the like. Therefore, the material source is wide and easy to obtain, and the cost is lower.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that at least one 500 of the first gas diffusion layer 300, the second gas diffusion layer 400, and the third gas diffusion layer has micro pores to diffuse gas as fuel in the fuel cell after the fuel cell is assembled, and thus, redundant description is omitted.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the third gas diffusion layer includes a first sub-diffusion layer 510 and a second sub-diffusion layer 520, the first sub-diffusion layer 510 is disposed in the first receiving space 88, the second sub-diffusion layer 520 is disposed in the second receiving space 99, and a thickness D of the first sub-diffusion layer 5101And the height H of the first accommodation space 881Similarly, the thickness D of the second sub-diffusion layer 5202And a height H of the second accommodating space 992The same is true. From this, because both sides at membrane electrode assembly 100 all are provided with the third gas diffusion layer, therefore the catalyst layer of membrane electrode assembly 100 edge is further difficult for degrading, further difficult emergence short circuit, further difficult emergence gas exchange in membrane electrode assembly 100 both sides, gas diffusion layer is further not fragile in the manufacturing process, thereby further the clearance can not appear in packaging structure 1 and the gaseous circulation of fuel cell that leads to forming is obstructed when using, and then make fuel cell's life further increase, the performance further becomes better.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the first sub-diffusion layer 510 fills the first accommodating space 88, and the second sub-diffusion layer 520 fills the second accommodating space 99. Therefore, since the first sub-diffusion layer 510 and the second sub-diffusion layer 520 are completely matched with the circumference of the sealing frame, the first sub-diffusion layer 510 and the second sub-diffusion layer 520 can be easily assembled with the membrane electrode assembly 100 and the sealing frame, manufacturing tolerance is improved, and poor use performance of the packaging structure after being manufactured into a fuel cell due to gaps among components after assembly is prevented.
In other embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 4, the first sub-diffusion layer 510 is integrally formed with the first gas diffusion layer 300; the second sub-diffusion layer 520 is integrally formed with the second gas diffusion layer 400. From this, this packaging structure is more stable, and the manufacture craft is comparatively simple, the step is less, its structure is more stable can make the catalyst layer of membrane electrode assembly 100 edge further difficult degradation, further difficult emergence short circuit, further difficult emergence gas exchange in membrane electrode assembly 100 both sides, gas diffusion layer is further not fragile in the manufacture process, thereby further the clearance can not appear in packaging structure 1 and the gaseous circulation of fuel cell that leads to forming is obstructed when using, and then make fuel cell's life further increase, the performance further becomes better.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material forming the first and second sub-diffusion layers 510 and 520 may include a carbon material; the material forming the first gas diffusion layer 300 and the second gas diffusion layer 400 includes at least one of a carbon material and a metal material. Therefore, the material source is wide, the material source is easy to obtain, the cost is low, the gas diffusion layer formed by the material is not easy to exchange gas on two sides of the membrane electrode assembly, the gas diffusion layer is not easy to damage in the manufacturing process, and therefore the gas circulation of the formed fuel cell is blocked when the fuel cell is used, and the service life of the fuel cell is long, and the performance of the fuel cell is good.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, a width w of a portion where the first frame overlaps with an outer edge of the membrane electrode assembly may be 1mm to 5 mm; in addition, the width (w) of the portion where the second frame overlaps the outer edge of the membrane electrode assembly may be 1mm to 5 mm. In some embodiments of the present invention, a width of a portion where the first frame overlaps with an outer edge of the membrane electrode assembly may be specifically 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, or 5mm, or the like; the width w of the portion where the second frame overlaps the outer edge of the membrane electrode assembly may also be specifically 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, or 5mm, or the like. From this, the catalyst layer of membrane electrode assembly 100 edge is further difficult for degrading, further is difficult for taking place the short circuit, further is difficult for taking place gas exchange in membrane electrode assembly 100 both sides, and gas diffusion layer is further not fragile in the manufacture process to further the clearance can not appear and the fuel cell that leads to forming is gaseous circulation when using is obstructed in packaging structure 1, and then makes fuel cell's life further increase, the performance further becomes better.
In another aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method of making the aforementioned package structure. According to an embodiment of the invention, referring to fig. 5, the method comprises the steps of:
s100: and overlapping the membrane electrode assembly with the first frame and the second frame of the sealing frame.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, a specific manner of overlapping the membrane electrode assembly with the first frame and the second frame of the sealing frame may be a conventional manner, and will not be described in detail herein.
S200: a first gas diffusion layer is formed on an upper surface of the sealing frame.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a specific manner of forming the first gas diffusion layer on the upper surface of the sealing frame may be a conventional manner of forming the first gas diffusion layer on the upper surface of the sealing frame, and will not be described in detail herein.
S300: a second gas diffusion layer is formed on a lower surface of the sealing frame.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a specific manner of forming the second gas diffusion layer on the lower surface of the sealing frame may be a conventional manner of forming the second gas diffusion layer on the lower surface of the sealing frame, and will not be described in detail herein.
S400: a third gas diffusion layer is formed.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the third gas diffusion layer includes a first sub-diffusion layer and a second sub-diffusion layer, and referring to fig. 6 and 7a, 7b, and 7c, the first sub-diffusion layer may be formed by:
s10: a cover film 50 having a closed ring shape is formed, and the cover film 50 is fittingly disposed on the outer edge of the first gas diffusion layer 300 (refer to fig. 7a for a schematic structural view).
S20: a material 499 forming the first sub-diffusion layer is coated on the surface of the first gas diffusion layer not covered by the cover film 50 (structural schematic refer to fig. 7 b).
According to an embodiment of the present invention, particularly, when the material 499 forming the first sub-diffusion layer is a carbon material, the step of coating the material 499 forming the first sub-diffusion layer may be coating ink by a coater and performing a drying process so as to obtain the first sub-diffusion layer. Therefore, the method is simple and convenient to operate, easy to realize and easy for industrial production.
S30: the cover film is removed (see fig. 7c for a schematic structural diagram).
According to the embodiment of the present invention, after the cap film is removed, the first sub-diffusion layer 500 is obtained. Therefore, the method is simple and convenient to operate, easy to realize and easy for industrial production.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the third gas diffusion layer includes a first sub-diffusion layer and a second sub-diffusion layer, and referring to fig. 8, the first gas diffusion layer and the first sub-diffusion layer are integrally formed by:
s1: filling a mold having a predetermined shape with a material forming the first gas diffusion layer and the first sub-diffusion layer.
S2: and removing the mold.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the step of forming the second sub-diffusion layer and the step of forming the first sub-diffusion layer may be the same, and are not described herein again.
In yet another aspect of the invention, a fuel cell stack is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 9, the fuel cell stack includes: the aforementioned package structure, wherein the outer edges of the sealing frame in the package structure exceed the outer edges of the first gas diffusion layer 300 and the second gas diffusion layer 400 in the package structure; a first plate 600, the first plate 600 being disposed on an upper surface of the encapsulation structure, and an outer edge of the first plate 600 exceeding outer edges of the first gas diffusion layer 300 and the second gas diffusion layer 400; a second plate 700, the second plate 700 being disposed on the lower surface of the encapsulation structure, and the outer edge of the second plate 700 exceeding the outer edges of the first gas diffusion layer 300 and the second gas diffusion layer 400; a seal 800 disposed between an outer edge of the sealing frame and outer edges of the first and second electrode plates 600 and 700 for sealing the fuel cell stack. The inventor finds that the fuel cell stack does not have gaps, so that gas circulation is prevented during use, and the fuel cell stack is long in service life and good in performance.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fuel cell stack includes the structure and components of a conventional fuel cell stack in addition to the aforementioned structure, and thus, redundant description thereof is omitted.
In yet another aspect of the present invention, a fuel cell system is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the fuel cell system comprises the fuel cell stack as described above. The inventors found that the fuel cell system has a long service life and good performance.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fuel cell system includes the structures and components of the conventional fuel cell system, such as a compressor, a cooler, and a heat exchanger, in addition to the aforementioned structures, and thus, the description thereof will not be repeated.
In yet another aspect of the present invention, an electric vehicle is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the electric vehicle includes the fuel cell system described above. The inventor finds that the electric automobile has strong driving force and good commercial prospect.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the foregoing structure, the electric vehicle also includes the structure and components of a conventional electric vehicle, such as a power conditioner, a power regulating system, and the like, which are not described in detail herein.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. A fuel cell membrane electrode assembly packaging structure (1), comprising:
a membrane electrode assembly (100);
a sealing frame, which comprises a first frame (201), a second frame (202) and an adhesive layer (203), wherein the first frame (201) and the second frame (202) are arranged oppositely, the first frame (201) and the second frame (202) are respectively in a closed ring shape and are respectively overlapped with the outer edge of the membrane electrode assembly (100) on two opposite surfaces of the membrane electrode assembly (100), and the parts of the first frame (201) and the second frame (202) which are not overlapped with the membrane electrode assembly (100) are connected through the adhesive layer (203);
a first gas diffusion layer (300), the first gas diffusion layer (300) being disposed on an upper surface of the sealing frame and defining a first accommodation space (88) together with the sealing frame and the membrane electrode assembly (100);
a second gas diffusion layer (400), the second gas diffusion layer (400) being disposed on a lower surface of the sealing frame and defining a second accommodation space (99) together with the sealing frame and the membrane electrode assembly (100);
a third gas diffusion layer (500), the third gas diffusion layer (500) being disposed in at least one of the first accommodation space (88) and the second accommodation space (99), and when the third gas diffusion layer (500) is disposed in the first accommodation space (88), a thickness (D) of at least a portion of the third gas diffusion layer (500) and a height (H) of the first accommodation space (88) are1) The same; a thickness (D) of at least a portion of the third gas diffusion layer (500) and a height (H) of the second accommodation space (99) when the third gas diffusion layer (500) is disposed in the second accommodation space (99)2) The same is true.
2. The encapsulation structure (1) according to claim 1, wherein the third gas diffusion layer (500) comprises a first sub-diffusion layer (510) and a second sub-diffusion layer (520), the first sub-diffusion layer (510) being disposed in the first accommodation space (88), the second sub-diffusion layer (520) being disposed in the second accommodation space (99), a thickness (D) of the first sub-diffusion layer (510)1) And the height (H) of the first accommodation space (88)1) The thickness (D) of the second sub-diffusion layer (520) is the same2) And the height (H) of the second accommodation space (99)2) The same is true.
3. The package structure of claim 2, wherein at least one of the following conditions is satisfied:
the first sub-diffusion layer (510) fills the first accommodation space (88);
the second sub-diffusion layer (520) fills the second accommodation space (99);
the first sub-diffusion layer (510) is integrally formed with the first gas diffusion layer (300);
the second sub-diffusion layer (520) is integrally formed with the second gas diffusion layer (400);
the material forming the first sub-diffusion layer (510) and the second sub-diffusion layer (520) includes a carbon material;
the material forming the first gas diffusion layer (300) and the second gas diffusion layer (400) includes at least one of a carbon material and a metal material.
4. Packaging structure (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the following conditions is fulfilled:
the width (w) of the part, overlapped with the outer edge of the membrane electrode assembly (100), of the first frame (201) is 1-5 mm;
the width (w) of the overlapping part of the second frame (202) and the outer edge of the membrane electrode assembly (100) is 1-5 mm.
5. A method of manufacturing a package structure (1) according to any of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
overlapping the membrane electrode assembly (100) with a first rim (201) and a second rim (202) of the sealing frame;
forming a first gas diffusion layer (300) on an upper surface of the sealing frame;
forming a second gas diffusion layer (400) on a lower surface of the sealing frame;
a third gas diffusion layer (500) is formed.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the third gas diffusion layer (500) comprises a first sub-diffusion layer (510) and a second sub-diffusion layer (520), the first sub-diffusion layer (510) and the second sub-diffusion layer (520) satisfying at least one of the following conditions:
the first sub-diffusion layer (510) is formed by: forming a cover film (50) in a closed ring shape, and fitting the cover film (50) on the outer edge of the first gas diffusion layer (300); coating a material forming the first sub-diffusion layer (510) on a surface of the first gas diffusion layer (300) not covered by the cover film (50); removing the cover film (50);
the second sub-diffusion layer (520) is formed by: forming a cover film (50) in a closed ring shape, and fitting the cover film (50) on the outer edge of the second gas diffusion layer (400); coating a material forming the second sub-diffusion layer (520) on a surface of the second gas diffusion layer (400) not covered by the cover film (50); removing the cover film (50).
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the third gas diffusion layer (500) comprises a first sub-diffusion layer (510) and a second sub-diffusion layer (520), the method satisfying at least one of the following conditions:
the first gas diffusion layer (300) and the first sub-diffusion layer (510) are integrally formed by: filling a mold having a predetermined shape with materials forming the first gas diffusion layer (300) and the first sub-diffusion layer (510); removing the mold;
the second gas diffusion layer (400) and the second sub-diffusion layer (520) are integrally formed by: filling a mold having a predetermined shape with a material forming the second gas diffusion layer (400) and the second sub-diffusion layer (520); and removing the mold.
8. A fuel cell stack, comprising:
the encapsulation structure of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outer edges of the sealing frame in the encapsulation structure exceed the outer edges of the first gas diffusion layer (300) and the second gas diffusion layer (400) in the encapsulation structure;
a first plate (600), the first plate (600) being disposed on an upper surface of the encapsulation structure, and an outer edge of the first plate (600) exceeding outer edges of the first gas diffusion layer (300) and the second gas diffusion layer (400);
a second plate (700), the second plate (700) being disposed on a lower surface of the encapsulation structure, and an outer edge of the second plate (700) exceeding outer edges of the first gas diffusion layer (300) and the second gas diffusion layer (400);
a seal (800), the seal (800) being disposed between an outer edge of the sealing frame and outer edges of the first and second electrode plates (600, 700) for sealing the fuel cell stack.
9. A fuel cell system comprising the fuel cell stack of claim 8.
10. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising the fuel cell system according to claim 9.
CN201910646172.9A 2019-07-17 2019-07-17 Packaging structure of fuel cell membrane electrode assembly and manufacturing method and application thereof Pending CN112242538A (en)

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Application publication date: 20210119