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CN112246904B - Wire semi-solid continuous extrusion forming device - Google Patents

Wire semi-solid continuous extrusion forming device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112246904B
CN112246904B CN202011156360.2A CN202011156360A CN112246904B CN 112246904 B CN112246904 B CN 112246904B CN 202011156360 A CN202011156360 A CN 202011156360A CN 112246904 B CN112246904 B CN 112246904B
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China
Prior art keywords
extrusion
semi
die cavity
solid
wheel
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CN202011156360.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112246904A (en
Inventor
陈业高
张安民
施允洋
邵国友
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Suqian College
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Suqian College
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/04Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
    • B21C23/08Making wire, bars, tubes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/21Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C25/00Profiling tools for metal extruding
    • B21C25/02Dies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C29/00Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
    • B21C29/04Cooling or heating of press heads, dies or mandrels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C33/00Feeding extrusion presses with metal to be extruded ; Loading the dummy block

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of metal material processing, and discloses a wire semi-solid continuous extrusion forming device, which mainly comprises: the device comprises an extrusion wheel (1), a die cavity (2) and a semi-solid slurry tank (3); the die cavity is matched with the extrusion wheel to form a closed extrusion space (4), two ends of the die cavity are respectively provided with a feed inlet (5) and a discharge outlet (6) which are communicated with two ends of the closed extrusion space, the discharge outlet (6) is provided with a die (7), the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are all arranged along the tangent line of the extrusion wheel, the feed inlet is mutually perpendicular to the discharge outlet, and the feed inlet is communicated with the semi-solid slurry tank through a transmission pipe (8); and a slurry accelerating gear (9) is rotationally connected in the die cavity, one side of the slurry accelerating gear is positioned in the die cavity, and the edge of the other side extends into the closed extrusion space. Compared with the prior art, the device solves the problem of high deformation resistance of the solid material, and improves the tissue performance of the formed product.

Description

Wire semi-solid continuous extrusion forming device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal material processing, in particular to a wire semi-solid continuous extrusion forming device.
Background
At present, the continuous extrusion technology (CONFORM) is developed relatively mature and is mainly used for continuous extrusion production of nonferrous metal section materials. CONFORM are mostly solid rod materials, and the solid rod materials are high in deformation resistance and often need preheating treatment. If the rod material is high-alloy and high-strength, the rod material is difficult to process. The solid raw material rapidly carries out a large number of heterogeneous nucleation under the quenching condition, inhibits macroscopic diffusion, and finally obtains the tissue with uniform components and fine tissue. The excellent billet is then densified by extrusion and friction forces and formed by an extrusion die. Obtaining the product with excellent mechanical properties.
Patent 201210357149.6 discloses a continuous semi-solid extrusion forming method for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy wire, and the patent is changed to a certain semi-solid continuous extrusion, and technological parameters are given; but the innovative description of the method and apparatus is simpler.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a wire semi-solid continuous extrusion forming device, which not only solves the problem of high deformation resistance of solid materials, but also improves the tissue performance of products.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides a wire semi-solid continuous extrusion forming device, which mainly comprises: a squeezing wheel a mold cavity and a semi-solid slurry tank; the die cavity is matched with the extrusion wheel to form a closed extrusion space, two ends of the die cavity are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet which are communicated with two ends of the closed extrusion space, the discharge outlet is provided with a die, the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are all arranged along the tangent line of the extrusion wheel, the feed inlet is mutually perpendicular to the discharge outlet, and the feed inlet is communicated with the semi-solid slurry tank through a transmission pipe; and a slurry accelerating gear is rotationally connected in the die cavity, one side of the slurry accelerating gear is positioned in the die cavity, and the edge of the other side extends into the closed extrusion space.
Preferably, the slurry acceleration gear is driven by a driving motor fixed on the outer wall of the die cavity.
Further, a powder inlet communicated with the closed extrusion space is also formed in the position, adjacent to the feeding hole, of the die cavity. The powder inlet is arranged, so that powder with the same components as the semi-solid slurry can be added when the semi-solid slurry just enters the closed extrusion space, on one hand, the core of the heterogeneous nucleus is increased, so that the crystal grains are fine, and on the other hand, the proportion of the liquid phase to the solid phase is adjusted, so that the slurry is more suitable for continuous extrusion.
Preferably, the included angle between the powder inlet and the feeding hole is 20-45 degrees. The powder inlet and the feeding port are prevented from being vertically arranged, so that more external air is prevented from being sucked from the powder inlet, back pressure is caused, and slurry and powder are prevented from being subjected to back spraying.
Preferably, the radial dimension of the closed extrusion space gradually decreases from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet. The radial dimension of the closed extrusion space from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet is gradually reduced, so that the extrusion force of the extrusion wheel, which is applied to the semi-solid slurry in the closed extrusion space, can be gradually increased until the semi-solid slurry is communicated with the discharge outlet, and the semi-solid slurry is convenient for product forming.
Further, a squeezing wheel cooling channel is arranged in the squeezing wheel; and a mold cavity cooling channel is arranged in the mold cavity. Because the semi-solid slurry is still in a high-temperature state when entering the closed extrusion space, in order to enable the semi-solid slurry to be solidified and formed as soon as possible when reaching the die, cooling channels are arranged in the extrusion wheel and the die cavity, so that the semi-solid slurry can be pre-cooled relatively quickly in the closed extrusion space, the efficiency of condensation forming in the subsequent extrusion stage is higher, and the die failure and the product quality problem of the die caused by the overhigh temperature of the blank are avoided.
Further, a wheel groove is formed in the extrusion wheel, and a first plug and a second plug matched with the wheel groove are respectively arranged at two ends of the die cavity. The first plug and the second plug respectively form two ends of the closed extrusion space, so that the closed extrusion space is formed between the die cavity and the extrusion wheel.
Working principle and beneficial effect: in the application, semi-solid slurry is directly transmitted from a semi-solid slurry tank to a closed extrusion space formed between a die cavity and an extrusion wheel, and when the semi-solid slurry enters from a feed port of the closed extrusion space, the feed port is designed to be tangential to the surface of the extrusion wheel in order to avoid thermal erosion and thermal fatigue damage caused by overlarge thermal shock received by the wheel groove surface of the extrusion wheel due to direct impact of the semi-solid slurry on the surface of the extrusion wheel; after the semi-solid slurry enters the closed extrusion space, cooling, nucleation, growth and solidification are carried out in the closed extrusion space to form a solidified metal blank, wherein the solidified metal blank is subjected to favorable friction force action from the extrusion wheel in the closed extrusion space to enable the metal blank to be piled up in the closed extrusion space to form extrusion force, and is subjected to driving force from the slurry accelerating gear to enable the semi-solid slurry to be accelerated and transported in a narrow space between the slurry accelerating gear and the extrusion wheel; under the dual actions of the extrusion force of the extrusion wheel and the driving force of the slurry accelerating gear, the semi-solid slurry enters the die after passing through the discharge hole at a proper speed, and is formed into a product through the die. In order to prevent the die from being damaged due to the fact that deformation resistance of the high alloy blank is too high and difficult to form, the discharge hole is also designed to be tangent to the extrusion wheel when the small-section profile is extruded.
The semi-solid slurry in the closed extrusion space can influence the performance of the product after extrusion molding from the die, if the transmission speed is too low, the blank transmission efficiency is low, the residence time of the high-temperature blank in the extrusion wheel groove is prolonged, the thermal erosion to the uncooled part of the tool and die is increased, the thermal stress of the tool and die is increased, and the abnormal failure of the tool and die is accelerated, so that the semi-solid slurry can be controlled to be rapidly transmitted from the feed port to the discharge port and rapidly molded by the die.
The semi-solid blank is in a state that part is liquid phase and part is solid phase, has lower deformation resistance compared with the all-solid phase state, and is particularly beneficial to processing high-strength materials and high-alloy materials; compared with the full liquid phase blank, the semi-solid blank melt contains more nucleation cores, so that fine grain structures can be obtained, and the product performance is improved; the semi-solid blank is continuously extruded by the wire semi-solid continuous extrusion forming device, so that the blank in a high temperature state can be subjected to severe shearing deformation, coarse phases in the blank are further crushed, the second phases are uniformly distributed, the problem of high deformation resistance of the solid material is solved, and meanwhile, the tissue performance of a product is improved; the continuous extrusion technology is suitable for preparing large-length-diameter-ratio sectional materials such as rods, wires, pipes and the like, semi-solid billets are used as raw materials, the deformation resistance of the billets is reduced, and continuous extrusion preparation of ultrafine wires, such as 0.2mm ultrafine wires, can be realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a wire semi-solid continuous extrusion device.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a wire semi-solid continuous extrusion apparatus.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a wire semi-solid continuous extrusion apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the B-B plane in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a mold cavity.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 5;
The reference numerals in fig. 1 to 6 are: 1-an extrusion wheel; 2-a mold cavity; 3-a semi-solid slurry tank; 4-closing the extrusion space; 5-a feed inlet; 6, a discharge hole; 7-a mold; 8-a transmission tube; 9-a slurry acceleration gear; 10-powder inlet; 11-an extrusion wheel cooling pipeline; 12-a mold cavity cooling duct; 13-wheel groove; 14-a first plug; 15-a second plug.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1:
The embodiment provides a wire semi-solid continuous extrusion molding device, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, mainly comprising an extrusion wheel 1 provided with an extrusion wheel cooling channel 11, a die cavity 2 provided with a die cavity cooling channel 12 and a semi-solid slurry tank 3, wherein a wheel groove 13 is arranged on the extrusion wheel 1, a first plug 14 and a second plug 15 matched with the wheel groove 13 are respectively arranged at two ends of the die cavity 2, the first plug 14 and the second plug 15 at two ends of the die cavity 2 are matched with the wheel groove 13 of the extrusion wheel 1 to form a closed extrusion space 4, a feed inlet 5 and a discharge outlet 6 which are communicated with two ends of the closed extrusion space 4 are respectively arranged at two ends of the die cavity 2, and the radial dimension (d shown in fig. 4) of the closed extrusion space 4 is gradually reduced from the feed inlet 5 to the discharge outlet 6; install mould 7 on discharge gate 6, feed inlet 5 and discharge gate 6 are all offered along the tangent line of extrusion wheel 1, and feed inlet 5 and discharge gate 6 mutually perpendicular, and feed inlet 5 and semi-solid slurry groove 3 pass through transfer pipe 8 intercommunication. The inside of the die cavity 2 is also rotationally connected with a slurry accelerating gear 9, the slurry accelerating gear 9 is driven by a driving motor fixed on the outer wall of the die cavity 2, one side of the slurry accelerating gear 9 is positioned in the die cavity 2, the edge of the other side extends into the closed extrusion space 4, and the distance between the edge of one side of the slurry accelerating gear 9 in the closed extrusion space 4 and the edge of the extrusion wheel 1 is smaller than the width of the closed extrusion space 4.
The working principle of the wire semi-solid continuous extrusion forming device is as follows:
The semi-solid slurry of the high alloy metal is transferred from the semi-solid slurry tank 3 to the transfer pipe 8 by the pressure provided by the pressure pump arranged on the transfer pipe 8, then transferred to the feed inlet 5 by the transfer pipe 8, and enters the closed extrusion space 4 formed between the die cavity 2 and the extrusion wheel 1 by the feed inlet 5. During the transfer, the temperature of the transfer tube 8 is controlled between the liquidus and solidus of the high alloy metal to ensure that the semi-solid slurry is still in a semi-solid state within the transfer tube 8. After the semi-solid slurry enters the closed extrusion space 4, cooling, nucleation, growth and solidification are carried out to form a solidified metal blank, the solidified metal blank is subjected to the favorable friction force action from the extrusion wheel 1 in the closed extrusion space 4, so that the metal blank is piled up in the closed extrusion space 4 to form extrusion force, and the semi-solid slurry is subjected to the driving force action from the slurry accelerating gear 9, so that the semi-solid slurry can be accelerated and conveyed in a narrower space between the slurry accelerating gear 9 and the extrusion wheel 1; under the dual action of the extrusion force of the extrusion wheel 1 and the driving force of the slurry acceleration gear 9, the semi-solid slurry enters the die 7 after passing through the discharge hole 6 at a proper speed, and finally is molded into a product through the die 7. Depending on the mould 7, the shaped product may be a rod, a plate, a profile, a pipe or a hollow profile. In the extrusion process, circulating cooling medium is introduced into the extrusion wheel cooling pipeline 11, so that the surface temperature of the extrusion wheel 1 is controlled to be 0.5-0.85T, and T is the melting point of high alloy metal.
Embodiment 2:
This embodiment is a further improvement of embodiment 1, and is mainly improved in that in embodiment 1, after the semi-solid slurry enters the closed extrusion space 4, the semi-solid slurry is cooled only by means of cooling pipes in the die cavity 2 and the extrusion wheel 1, the condensation speed is slow, the molding efficiency of subsequent products is affected, and the defects of coarse grain structure, difficult control of slurry state and the like are overcome, so in this embodiment, a powder inlet 10 communicated with the closed extrusion space 4 is further formed at a position adjacent to the feed inlet 5 on the die cavity 2, and an included angle between the powder inlet 10 and the feed inlet 5 is 20-45 °. As in fig. 1 and 3 to 6. Thus, when the semi-solid slurry enters the closed extrusion space 4 from the feed inlet 5, the semi-solid slurry can be mixed with the powder fed through the powder inlet 10 immediately, and the mixed semi-solid slurry is easier to nucleate, grow and solidify in the closed extrusion space 4, so that the subsequent molding efficiency in the die 7 and the product performance are ensured.
Otherwise, this embodiment is identical to embodiment 1, and a description thereof will be omitted.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and to implement the same, not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a wire semi-solid continuous extrusion device which characterized in that: mainly comprises the following steps: the device comprises an extrusion wheel (1), a die cavity (2) and a semi-solid slurry tank (3); the die cavity (2) is matched with the extrusion wheel (1) to form a closed extrusion space (4), two ends of the die cavity (2) are respectively provided with a feed inlet (5) and a discharge outlet (6) which are communicated with two ends of the closed extrusion space (4), the discharge outlet (6) is provided with a die (7), the feed inlet (5) and the discharge outlet (6) are all arranged along the tangent line of the extrusion wheel (1), the feed inlet (5) and the discharge outlet (6) are mutually perpendicular, and the feed inlet (5) is communicated with the semi-solid slurry tank (3) through a transmission pipe (8); a slurry accelerating gear (9) is rotationally connected in the die cavity (2), one side of the slurry accelerating gear (9) is positioned in the die cavity (2), and the edge of the other side extends into the closed extrusion space (4);
the spacing between the edge of one side of the slurry acceleration gear (9) and the edge of the extrusion wheel (1) in the closed extrusion space (4) is smaller than the width of the closed extrusion space (4);
The slurry accelerating gear (9) is driven by a driving motor fixed on the outer wall of the die cavity (2).
2. The wire semi-solid continuous extrusion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and a powder inlet (10) communicated with the closed extrusion space (4) is also arranged at the position, adjacent to the feeding hole (5), on the die cavity (2).
3. The wire semi-solid continuous extrusion apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the included angle between the powder inlet (10) and the feeding hole (5) is 20-45 degrees.
4. A wire semi-solid continuous extrusion apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein: from the feed opening (5) to the discharge opening (6), the radial dimension of the closed extrusion space (4) gradually decreases.
5. A wire semi-solid continuous extrusion apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein: the extrusion wheel (1) is internally provided with an extrusion wheel cooling channel (11).
6. A wire semi-solid continuous extrusion apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: a mold cavity cooling channel (12) is arranged in the mold cavity (2).
7. A wire semi-solid continuous extrusion apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein: the extrusion wheel (1) is provided with a wheel groove (13), and two ends of the die cavity (2) are respectively provided with a first plug (14) and a second plug (15) which are matched with the wheel groove (13).
CN202011156360.2A 2020-10-26 2020-10-26 Wire semi-solid continuous extrusion forming device Active CN112246904B (en)

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CN112246904B true CN112246904B (en) 2024-08-16

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114515777B (en) * 2022-03-03 2024-05-07 中北大学 Continuous extrusion forming device and method for magnesium alloy wire for arc additive manufacturing

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