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CN112226675A - Heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112226675A
CN112226675A CN202010835408.6A CN202010835408A CN112226675A CN 112226675 A CN112226675 A CN 112226675A CN 202010835408 A CN202010835408 A CN 202010835408A CN 112226675 A CN112226675 A CN 112226675A
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China
Prior art keywords
bolt
parts
strength
temperature
heavy
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Pending
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CN202010835408.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张清苗
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CN202010835408.6A priority Critical patent/CN112226675A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H3/00—Making helical bodies or bodies having parts of helical shape
    • B21H3/02—Making helical bodies or bodies having parts of helical shape external screw-threads ; Making dies for thread rolling
    • B21H3/04—Making by means of profiled-rolls or die rolls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
    • B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C21D1/32—Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/007—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Co
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0093—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for screws; for bolts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/60—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using alkaline aqueous solutions with pH greater than 8
    • C23C22/62—Treatment of iron or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/68—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous solutions with pH between 6 and 8
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
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    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
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    • C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
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    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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Abstract

The invention provides a heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, through the selection of chemical components of the bolt alloy material and the optimization of the content of the bolt alloy material, the bolt alloy material has high strength; in addition, because the aluminum is added into the alloy material, the aluminum can form an Al2O3 film on the surface of the alloy material so as to improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy material; meanwhile, the corrosion resistance of the alloy material can be improved to a certain extent by a proper amount of Cr. By optimizing the composition and the proportion of chemical components, the bolt alloy material has high strength and excellent corrosion resistance. The bolt is subjected to cold heading and extrusion molding for multiple times, the overall strength of the high-strength bolt is improved, the bolt is high in precision, good in quality and high in production efficiency, no cutting and waste materials are generated, and the unit cost is greatly reduced. The bolt with the same flow direction of the whole metal is obtained, and the tensile strength of the bolt is greatly improved.

Description

Heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of foundation bolts, and particularly relates to a heavy-duty corrosion-resistant high-strength foundation bolt and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The bolt is one of the most common parts in building and mechanical design, and the application range of the bolt is as follows: electronic products, mechanical products, vehicles, digital products, electrical equipment, ships, hydraulic engineering and the like. In recent years, the technology of the bolt is continuously improved, the performance of the bolt is continuously changed along with the follow-up requirement, the requirement of modern industry on the bolt is higher and higher, especially the requirement on the strength of the bolt, the strength of the traditional bolt cannot well meet the requirement at present, and the bolt is easy to loosen and generate cracks on vibrating equipment. Bolts made of steel are often corroded and rusted when exposed to the atmospheric environment, and rusted bolts are loosened and fall off when subjected to vibration force, so that safety accidents or economic loss are caused. Therefore, the bolt is subjected to rust prevention before and after application. The rust prevention treatment of the bolt usually comprises hexavalent chromium passivation, rust preventive oil coating, rust preventive paint coating and the like, the hexavalent chromium passivation effect is good, but the hexavalent chromium has great harm to people and the environment, and is forbidden to be used by developed countries such as Europe and America. Antirust oil is the most traditional method, but the antirust time is short; the antirust paint has better antirust performance, but the solvent type antirust paint has certain harm to people and environment, and has potential safety hazard when the amount is large.
The anchor bolts are also provided with stiffening anchor plate anchor bolts, welding anchor bolts, fluke type anchor bolts, rib plate type anchor bolts, anchor screws, ground foot wires and the like. It is specially used for fixing various machines and equipments by burying in concrete foundation. The foundation bolt is divided into a blank, a thick rod and a thin rod in different forms. The blank, namely the raw material steel is directly processed by round steel or wire rods without modification; the thick rod or A-type and thin rod or B-type are made up by modifying steel material into rod with required diameter. Most of them currently use alloy steels as materials. Traditional alloy steel materials are susceptible to corrosion due to long term exposure to the outdoors. Along with the shortage of land resources, the area of the foundation is reduced, and strict requirements are provided for the strength of the foundation bolt. The problems of low strength, large mass and poor corrosion resistance of the alloy steel material are obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a heavy-duty high-strength foundation bolt which has high strength of bolt alloy materials and is high in corrosion resistance by selecting chemical components of the bolt alloy materials and optimizing the content of the bolt alloy materials; the method for manufacturing the foundation bolt is simple and easy to implement, and is beneficial to improving the production efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt which is processed by high-strength weather-resistant bolt steel, wherein the bolt steel comprises the following chemical components in parts by weight: 0.2-0.4% of C, 0.14-0.21% of Si, 0.52-0.76% of Mn, 0.07-0.14% of V, 0.01-0.04% of W, 0.02-0.04% of P, 0.02-0.04% of S, 0.21-0.26% of Ni, 0.2-0.3% of Sn, 0.1-0.36% of Cu, 0.12-0.33% of Al, 0.06-0.42% of Si, 0.24-0.33% of Co, 0.002-0.004% of B, 0.3-0.5% of Mo, 0.12-0.26% of Ti, 0.07-0.13% of Cr, 0.002-0.004% of Nb0.07-0.14% of Nd-Fe and trace impurities; the corrosion resistance index I of the high-strength weather-resistant bolt steel calculated according to a chemical composition prediction formula is more than or equal to 6.0.
A preparation method of a heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt comprises the following steps:
step A, casting a rod material, namely putting 12-14 parts by weight of scrap steel into a medium-frequency electric furnace to be melted into molten steel, adding a carburant, putting 28-33 parts of steel ingot, 30-36 parts of scrap iron and 13-14 parts of foundry returns when the temperature in the medium-frequency electric furnace rises to 1080-1260 ℃, then discharging slag, adding alloys such as ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and the like after discharging slag, and pouring when the temperature in the medium-frequency electric furnace rises to 1470 ℃, wherein the weight percentage of each chemical component of a rod material blank is controlled to meet the following requirements: 0.26-0.33% of C, 0.6-0.72% of Mn0.09-0.12% of V, 0.15-0.35% of Si, 0.01-0.04% of W, less than or equal to 0.025% of P, less than or equal to 0.035% of S, 0.21-0.24% of Ni0.2-0.3% of Sn0.12-0.28% of Cu0.12, and the balance of Fe;
b, forging and forming the cast rod material, controlling the forging temperature to be 760 plus 840 ℃, covering a thin layer of fly ash on the inner wall of a die cavity of a forging die, and turning the external thread of the bolt by using a precision lathe after forging and forming;
step C, heat treatment: quenching the external thread of the bolt by quenching oil at 570 ℃, tempering the quenched bolt at 330 ℃ for 60-70min, quenching the polished rod section of the bolt by using aqueous quenching liquid at 630 ℃, tempering the quenched bolt at 420 ℃ for 60-70min, finally performing carburization, feeding a carburizing agent into a tempering furnace, and performing carburization for 90-120min at 1080-1200 ℃;
d, phosphating, namely washing with 18% calcium hydroxide solution for degreasing treatment at 52-60 ℃ for 6-7min, and then washing with water; washing with 18% KHSO4 solution for acid washing at 18-21 deg.C for 1-2min, and washing with water;
step E, passivating, namely immersing the phosphated bolt into a passivating treatment liquid with the temperature of 100-120 ℃ for treatment for 4-5min, wherein the passivating treatment liquid is prepared from the following substances, by weight, 3-6 parts of water-soluble molybdate, 7-12 parts of water-soluble manganese salt, 70-100 parts of alkaline silica sol, 80-100 parts of water-soluble acrylic resin and 80-100 parts of water;
and F, chromizing, namely putting the passivated bolt into ferrochrome powder wetted by hydrochloric acid solution, heating to 700-900 ℃, keeping for 60-70min, cleaning, and air-drying to obtain a finished bolt.
In the preparation method of the heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt, the step A comprises the step A1 of selecting the steel plate with the components to be subjected to acid pickling and rust removal, and cutting a cylindrical blank with a proper size according to the specification and the size of the bolt.
In the preparation method of the heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength anchor bolt, the step B further includes:
step B1, softening and annealing are divided into two times, specifically: primary softening and annealing: carrying out isothermal softening annealing on the blank in a bell jar furnace, wherein the softening annealing temperature is 760-840 ℃, the heat preservation time is 6-7 hours, the hardness is controlled to be less than HB120, the methanol flow is controlled to be 26-32 ml/min, the gas flow is controlled to be 0.21-0.26 Nm3/h, and the secondary softening annealing: the annealing temperature is 670-760 ℃, the annealing time is 5-6 h, the alcohol addition flow is 21-26 ml/min, and the gas flow is 0.21-0.26 Nm 3/h;
step B2, cold forging and forming: cutting the annealed blank to the length required by the bolt, putting the blank into a die cavity at normal temperature, and forming the head and rod sizes required by the bolt by using upsetting force;
step B3, thread machining: and (4) selecting a thread rolling machine to perform thread forming at room temperature.
The preparation method of the heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt comprises the step E1 of phosphating, namely soaking the passivated bolt in phosphating solution at the temperature of 52-60 ℃ for 3-5min, cleaning and air-drying to obtain a finished bolt, wherein the phosphating solution comprises, by weight, 60-70 parts of polyethylene glycol, 33-37 parts of mauve salt, 6-7 parts of sodium nitrate, 2.6-3.6 parts of ferric trichloride and 100-120 parts of water.
The preparation method of the heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt comprises the step F1 of blackening, wherein the bolt is subjected to blackening treatment, and the temperature is controlled to be 100-120 ℃; the time is 24-33 min; and cleaning and air-drying to obtain the finished bolt.
The invention has the advantages that: according to the heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt and the preparation method thereof, the bolt alloy material is high in strength through selection of chemical components of the bolt alloy material and optimization of the content of the bolt alloy material; in addition, because the aluminum is added into the alloy material, the aluminum can form an Al2O3 film on the surface of the alloy material so as to improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy material; meanwhile, the corrosion resistance of the alloy material can be improved to a certain extent by a proper amount of Cr. By optimizing the composition and the proportion of chemical components, the bolt alloy material has high strength and excellent corrosion resistance. The bolt is subjected to cold heading and extrusion molding for multiple times, the overall strength of the high-strength bolt is improved, the bolt is high in precision, good in quality and high in production efficiency, no cutting and waste materials are generated, and the unit cost is greatly reduced. The bolt with the same flow direction of the whole metal is obtained, and the tensile strength of the bolt is greatly improved.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt which is processed by high-strength weather-resistant bolt steel, wherein the bolt steel comprises the following chemical components in parts by weight: 0.2-0.4% of C, 0.14-0.21% of Si, 0.52-0.76% of Mn, 0.07-0.14% of V, 0.01-0.04% of W, 0.02-0.04% of P, 0.02-0.04% of S, 0.21-0.26% of Ni, 0.2-0.3% of Sn, 0.1-0.36% of Cu, 0.12-0.33% of Al, 0.06-0.42% of Si, 0.24-0.33% of Co, 0.002-0.004% of B, 0.3-0.5% of Mo, 0.12-0.26% of Ti, 0.07-0.13% of Cr, 0.002-0.004% of Nb0.07-0.14% of Nd-Fe and trace impurities; the corrosion resistance index I of the high-strength weather-resistant bolt steel calculated according to a chemical composition prediction formula is more than or equal to 6.0.
In the above formulation, C is a useful element for securing the strength of the alloy material, but if the content thereof is increased, the toughness and corrosion resistance of the rigid body deteriorate, and delayed fracture is caused. Si is thickened around the carbide, and also has an effect of suppressing C diffusion. Further, the secondary hardening effect of carbides such as Mo, V, and Ti can further promote the grain refinement. The V element can effectively inhibit the diffusion of hydrogen, is an excellent deoxidizer for steel, can refine grains and improve the mechanical property of the material.
While Mn can improve the strength, an excessive Mn content causes segregation of Mn to grain boundaries, which decreases the strength and also decreases the delayed fracture resistance, and therefore, the Mn element content is preferably 0.52 to 0.76.
After titanium and aluminum are added, the structure is more refined, and indexes of strength and plasticity are obviously increased. Aluminum interacts primarily with titanium, increasing hardness without decreasing hardness if aluminum alone increases plasticity, and interacting with titanium in a coordinated fashion increases plasticity without decreasing hardness. Therefore, Ti is used as a modifier to adjust the structure and the appearance of the alloy material. In the present invention, Ti is added in the form of K2TiF6, wrapped with aluminum foil at the time of addition, and reacted at a high temperature as follows: 3K2TiF6+13Al 3TiAl3+4AlF3+6KF, 3K2TiF6+4Al 3Ti +4AlF3+6KF and Ti +3Cu 3Ti form TiAl3 and Cu3Ti respectively, and can be used as non-spontaneous nucleation points. In addition, the Al can form an Al2O3 film on the surface of the alloy, and the corrosion resistance and the surface smoothness of the alloy are improved.
Sc is a rare earth element, can strongly refine the organization structure, can form granular impurities with other elements, improves the distribution of the impurities in the material, and improves the physical properties and the processing properties of the material. In the present invention, scandium and aluminum act together, scandium and aluminum form many compounds such as ScAl3, ScAl2, ScAl, etc., and since Sc has the smallest atomic radius in all rare earth elements, the main alloy particle ScAl3 has a high melting point and a short distance from Al, a supersaturated solid solution is easily formed during crystallization, and a coherent particle ScAl3 is easily precipitated during heating and extrusion, so that recrystallization is strongly suppressed and the stability of the material is improved.
The Cr element added into the bolt steel can effectively improve the oxidation resistance and the corrosion resistance of the material, and improve the hardenability of the material so as to increase the strength of the material.
Nb can refine grains, reduce the overheating sensitivity and the tempering brittleness of steel and improve the strength, and Nb element can also improve the toughness of the material, but the excessive Nb cannot play the role.
Molybdenum (Mo) has the ability to strengthen material grain boundaries, increase material hardenability, enhance temper stability, and also increase resistance to temper softening, but Mo is more costly and not too much used.
The neodymium iron boron is a rare earth permanent magnet material, and Co can act together with the neodymium iron boron to refine grains, inhibit the growth of the grains, purify a grain boundary structure in steel, enrich rare earth in a grain boundary, enable alloy to grow in a dendritic mode, generate more crystal centers, obviously inhibit grain boundary reaction and improve tensile strength, elongation and hardness.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt, which comprises the following steps of:
step A, casting a rod material, namely putting 12-14 parts by weight of scrap steel into a medium-frequency electric furnace to be melted into molten steel, adding a carburant, putting 28-33 parts of steel ingot, 30-36 parts of scrap iron and 13-14 parts of foundry returns when the temperature in the medium-frequency electric furnace rises to 1080-1260 ℃, then discharging slag, adding alloys such as ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and the like after discharging slag, and pouring when the temperature in the medium-frequency electric furnace rises to 1470 ℃, wherein the weight percentage of each chemical component of a rod material blank is controlled to meet the following requirements: 0.26-0.33% of C, 0.6-0.72% of Mn0.09-0.12% of V, 0.15-0.35% of Si, 0.01-0.04% of W, less than or equal to 0.025% of P, less than or equal to 0.035% of S, 0.21-0.24% of Ni0.2-0.3% of Sn0.12-0.28% of Cu0.12, and the balance of Fe;
b, forging and forming the cast rod material, controlling the forging temperature to be 760 plus 840 ℃, covering a thin layer of fly ash on the inner wall of a die cavity of a forging die, and turning the external thread of the bolt by using a precision lathe after forging and forming;
step C, heat treatment: quenching the external thread of the bolt by quenching oil at 570 ℃, tempering the quenched bolt at 330 ℃ for 60-70min, quenching the polished rod section of the bolt by using aqueous quenching liquid at 630 ℃, tempering the quenched bolt at 420 ℃ for 60-70min, finally performing carburization, feeding a carburizing agent into a tempering furnace, and performing carburization for 90-120min at 1080-1200 ℃;
d, phosphating, namely washing with 18% calcium hydroxide solution for degreasing treatment at 52-60 ℃ for 6-7min, and then washing with water; washing with 18% KHSO4 solution for acid washing at 18-21 deg.C for 1-2min, and washing with water;
step E, passivating, namely immersing the phosphated bolt into a passivating treatment liquid with the temperature of 100-120 ℃ for treatment for 4-5min, wherein the passivating treatment liquid is prepared from the following substances, by weight, 3-6 parts of water-soluble molybdate, 7-12 parts of water-soluble manganese salt, 70-100 parts of alkaline silica sol, 80-100 parts of water-soluble acrylic resin and 80-100 parts of water;
and F, chromizing, namely putting the passivated bolt into ferrochrome powder wetted by hydrochloric acid solution, heating to 700-900 ℃, keeping for 60-70min, cleaning, and air-drying to obtain a finished bolt.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the method for manufacturing a heavy-duty anticorrosion high-strength anchor bolt of the present invention, the step a includes the steps of preparing materials a1, selecting a steel plate with the above components, pickling to remove rust, and cutting a cylindrical blank with a proper size according to the specification and size of the bolt.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the method for manufacturing a heavy duty anticorrosion high strength anchor bolt of the present invention, the step B further includes:
step B1, softening and annealing: the softening annealing is divided into two times, specifically: primary softening and annealing: carrying out isothermal softening annealing on the blank in a bell jar furnace, wherein the softening annealing temperature is 760-840 ℃, the heat preservation time is 6-7 hours, the hardness is controlled to be less than HB120, the methanol flow is controlled to be 26-32 ml/min, the gas flow is controlled to be 0.21-0.26 Nm3/h, and the secondary softening annealing: the annealing temperature is 670-760 ℃, the annealing time is 5-6 h, the alcohol addition flow is 21-26 ml/min, and the gas flow is 0.21-0.26 Nm 3/h;
step B2, cold forging and forming: cutting the annealed blank to the length required by the bolt, putting the blank into a die cavity at normal temperature, and forming the head and rod sizes required by the bolt by using upsetting force;
step B3, thread machining: and (4) selecting a thread rolling machine to perform thread forming at room temperature.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt, the step E comprises the step E1 of phosphating, soaking the passivated bolt in phosphating solution at the temperature of 52-60 ℃ for 3-5min, cleaning and air-drying to obtain a finished bolt, wherein the phosphating solution comprises, by weight, 60-70 parts of polyethylene glycol, 33-37 parts of horse-taffy salt, 6-7 parts of sodium nitrate, 2.6-3.6 parts of ferric trichloride and 100-120 parts of water.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength anchor bolt, the step F includes a step F1 of blackening, wherein the bolt is subjected to blackening treatment, and the temperature is controlled to be 100-120 ℃; the time is 24-33 min; and cleaning and air-drying to obtain the finished bolt.
According to the heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt and the preparation method thereof, the bolt alloy material is high in strength through selection of chemical components of the bolt alloy material and optimization of the content of the bolt alloy material; in addition, because the aluminum is added into the alloy material, the aluminum can form an Al2O3 film on the surface of the alloy material so as to improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy material; meanwhile, the corrosion resistance of the alloy material can be improved to a certain extent by a proper amount of Cr. By optimizing the composition and the proportion of chemical components, the bolt alloy material has high strength and excellent corrosion resistance. The bolt is subjected to cold heading and extrusion molding for multiple times, the overall strength of the high-strength bolt is improved, the bolt is high in precision, good in quality and high in production efficiency, no cutting and waste materials are generated, and the unit cost is greatly reduced. The bolt with the same flow direction of the whole metal is obtained, and the tensile strength of the bolt is greatly improved.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (6)

1. The heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt is characterized by being processed from high-strength weather-resistant bolt steel, wherein the bolt steel comprises the following chemical components in parts by weight: 0.2-0.4% of C, 0.14-0.21% of Si, 0.52-0.76% of Mn, 0.07-0.14% of V, 0.01-0.04% of W, 0.02-0.04% of P, 0.02-0.04% of S, 0.21-0.26% of Ni, 0.2-0.3% of Sn, 0.1-0.36% of Cu, 0.12-0.33% of Al, 0.06-0.42% of Si, 0.24-0.33% of Co, 0.002-0.004% of B, 0.3-0.5% of Mo, 0.12-0.26% of Ti, 0.07-0.13% of Cr, 0.002-0.004% of Nb0.07-0.14% of Nd-Fe and trace impurities; the corrosion resistance index I of the high-strength weather-resistant bolt steel calculated according to a chemical composition prediction formula is more than or equal to 6.0.
2. A preparation method of a heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A, according to parts by weight, firstly, putting 12-14 parts of scrap steel into a medium-frequency electric furnace to be melted into molten steel, then adding a carburant, when the temperature in the medium-frequency electric furnace rises to 1080-1260 ℃, putting 28-33 parts of steel ingots, 30-36 parts of scrap iron and 13-14 parts of foundry returns, then discharging slag, adding alloys such as ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and the like after discharging the slag, when the temperature in the medium-frequency electric furnace rises to 1470 ℃, pouring is carried out, and the weight percentage of each chemical component of a rod blank is controlled to meet the following requirements: 0.26-0.33% of C, 0.6-0.72% of Mn0.09-0.12% of V, 0.15-0.35% of Si, 0.01-0.04% of W, less than or equal to 0.025% of P, less than or equal to 0.035% of S, 0.21-0.24% of Ni0.2-0.3% of Sn0.12-0.28% of Cu0.12, and the balance of Fe;
b, forging and forming the cast rod material, controlling the forging temperature to be 760 plus 840 ℃, covering a thin layer of fly ash on the inner wall of a die cavity of a forging die, and turning the external thread of the bolt by using a precision lathe after forging and forming;
step C, quenching the external thread of the bolt by quenching oil at 570 ℃, tempering the quenched bolt at 330 ℃ for 60-70min, quenching the polished rod section of the bolt at 630 ℃, tempering the quenched bolt at 420 ℃ for 60-70min, finally performing carburization, sending a carburizing agent into a tempering furnace, and performing carburization for 90-120min at 1080-1200 ℃;
step D, washing with 18% calcium hydroxide solution for degreasing treatment, controlling the temperature to be 52-60 ℃ and the time to be 6-7min, and then washing with water; washing with 18% KHSO4 solution for acid washing at 18-21 deg.C for 1-2min, and washing with water;
step E, immersing the treated bolt into a passivation treatment solution with the temperature of 100-120 ℃ for treatment for 4-5min, wherein the passivation treatment solution is prepared from the following materials, by weight, 3-6 parts of water-soluble molybdate, 7-12 parts of water-soluble manganese salt, 70-100 parts of alkaline silica sol, 80-100 parts of water-soluble acrylic resin and 80-100 parts of water;
and F, putting the treated bolt into ferrochrome powder wetted by hydrochloric acid solution, heating to 700-900 ℃, keeping for 60-70min, cleaning, and air-drying to obtain a finished bolt.
3. The method for manufacturing a heavy duty corrosion resistant high strength anchor bolt according to claim 2, wherein said step a includes a step a1 of pickling and descaling a steel plate selected from said composition, and cutting a cylindrical blank of a proper size according to the specification and size of the bolt.
4. The method for manufacturing a heavy duty corrosion resistant high strength anchor bolt according to claim 2, wherein said step B further comprises:
step B1, softening and annealing twice, specifically: primary softening and annealing: carrying out isothermal softening annealing on the blank in a bell jar furnace, wherein the softening annealing temperature is 760-840 ℃, the heat preservation time is 6-7 hours, the hardness is controlled to be less than HB120, the methanol flow is controlled to be 26-32 ml/min, the gas flow is controlled to be 0.21-0.26 Nm3/h, and the secondary softening annealing: the annealing temperature is 670-760 ℃, the annealing time is 5-6 h, the alcohol addition flow is 21-26 ml/min, and the gas flow is 0.21-0.26 Nm 3/h;
step B2, cutting the annealed blank to the length required by the bolt, placing the blank into a die cavity at normal temperature, and forming the head and rod size required by the bolt by using upsetting force;
step B3, thread machining: and (4) selecting a thread rolling machine to perform thread forming at room temperature.
5. The preparation method of the heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt according to claim 2, wherein the step E comprises the step E1 of soaking the treated bolt in phosphating solution at the temperature of 52-60 ℃ for 3-5min, cleaning and air-drying to obtain a finished bolt, wherein the phosphating solution comprises, by weight, 60-70 parts of polyethylene glycol, 33-37 parts of horse-taffy salt, 6-7 parts of sodium nitrate, 2.6-3.6 parts of ferric trichloride and 100-120 parts of water.
6. The method for preparing a heavy-duty corrosion-resistant high-strength anchor bolt according to claim 2, wherein the step F comprises the step F1 of blackening the bolt at a temperature of 100-120 ℃; the time is 24-33 min; and cleaning and air-drying to obtain the finished bolt.
CN202010835408.6A 2020-08-19 2020-08-19 Heavy-duty anticorrosive high-strength foundation bolt and preparation method thereof Pending CN112226675A (en)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000073138A (en) * 1998-08-26 2000-03-07 Nkk Corp Steel for bolt excellent in sulfuric acid corrosion- resistance
WO2009048137A1 (en) * 2007-10-10 2009-04-16 Nippon Steel & Sumikin Stainless Steel Corporation Duplex stainless steel wire material, steel wire, bolt, and method for production of the bolt
CN103028685A (en) * 2012-12-04 2013-04-10 安徽六方重联机械股份有限公司 Processing method for high-class bolt
CN103088266A (en) * 2012-12-04 2013-05-08 安徽六方重联机械股份有限公司 Forging method for foundation bolt
CN103205641A (en) * 2013-02-04 2013-07-17 繁昌县琪鑫铸造有限公司 Preparation method for high-strength foundation bolt
CN104400359A (en) * 2014-11-28 2015-03-11 杨帆 Method for preparing foundation bolts
CN105154785A (en) * 2015-07-16 2015-12-16 江苏永昊高强度螺栓有限公司 High-strength bolt and manufacturing method thereof
CN105177456A (en) * 2015-07-28 2015-12-23 宁波市镇海甬鼎紧固件制造有限公司 Corrosion-resistant bolt alloy material and manufacturing method of bolts

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000073138A (en) * 1998-08-26 2000-03-07 Nkk Corp Steel for bolt excellent in sulfuric acid corrosion- resistance
WO2009048137A1 (en) * 2007-10-10 2009-04-16 Nippon Steel & Sumikin Stainless Steel Corporation Duplex stainless steel wire material, steel wire, bolt, and method for production of the bolt
CN103028685A (en) * 2012-12-04 2013-04-10 安徽六方重联机械股份有限公司 Processing method for high-class bolt
CN103088266A (en) * 2012-12-04 2013-05-08 安徽六方重联机械股份有限公司 Forging method for foundation bolt
CN103205641A (en) * 2013-02-04 2013-07-17 繁昌县琪鑫铸造有限公司 Preparation method for high-strength foundation bolt
CN104400359A (en) * 2014-11-28 2015-03-11 杨帆 Method for preparing foundation bolts
CN105154785A (en) * 2015-07-16 2015-12-16 江苏永昊高强度螺栓有限公司 High-strength bolt and manufacturing method thereof
CN105177456A (en) * 2015-07-28 2015-12-23 宁波市镇海甬鼎紧固件制造有限公司 Corrosion-resistant bolt alloy material and manufacturing method of bolts

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