CN112209443A - Method for preparing M-phase vanadium dioxide by single ultrasonic atomization microwave method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of vanadium dioxide powder, and particularly relates to a method for preparing M-phase vanadium dioxide by a single ultrasonic atomization microwave method. The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is to provide a method for preparing M-phase vanadium dioxide by a single ultrasonic atomization microwave method. The method comprises the following steps: and (2) introducing fog drops formed by ultrasonic atomization of the vanadium salt solution into a uniform precipitator solution containing a surfactant in a bubbling manner to react to obtain a suspension, aging, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a precursor precipitate, washing the precursor precipitate, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a precursor, and carrying out microwave drying, grinding and microwave calcination on the precursor to obtain the M-phase vanadium dioxide. The nano-scale vanadium dioxide powder prepared by the method has good dispersibility and uniformity, short preparation time in the whole process and good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of vanadium dioxide powder, and particularly relates to a method for preparing M-phase vanadium dioxide by a single ultrasonic atomization microwave method.
Background
Vanadium dioxide (VO)2) Is a vanadium oxide with VO which is most reported and most widely applied at present2(A)、VO2(B)、VO2(C)、VO2(D)、VO2(M)、VO2(R)、VO2(T) and VO2(P) and the like. Wherein VO2(M) is the most studied phase at present, and it has been proved that light, heat, electricity, stress, etc. can induce VO2(M) undergoes a phase transition accompanied by a large change in characteristics such as crystal structure, resistivity, and optical properties. When the phase change occurs, the crystal structure of the material is changed from monoclinic phase to tetragonal rutile phase, the resistivity is changed to be abrupt change of more than 3 orders of magnitude, and the semiconductor before the phase change is changed into metal; in terms of optical performance, the high transmittance of infrared light before and after the phase change is changed into high reflection.
Due to VO2The phase change material has unique phase change property and excellent performance, and is applied to intelligent glass, optical storage, laser radiation protective films, lithium battery electrodes and the like in recent years. In addition, VO2But also can be widely applied to other aspects, such as antistatic coatings, nonlinear and linear resistance materials, high-sensitivity temperature sensors, adjustable microwave switch devices, infrared modulation materials and the like. In summary, VO as a functional material2Has higher potential application value and wide application prospect, and has great research and development values.
VO reported at present2The powder preparation methods include a sol-gel method, a hydrothermal method, a precipitation method and the like, and for the sol-gel method, the raw material cost is high, some organic matters are harmful to human bodies, the phenomena of shrinkage and agglomeration can occur during heat treatment at high temperature, the process is difficult to amplify, and the industrial application is very difficult. The powder prepared by the hydrothermal method has the advantages of complete crystal grain development, small grain size, uniform distribution, small agglomeration degree and high activity in the calcining process. However, this method requires high pressure resistance for the equipment and also consumes much energy, thus being disadvantageous for industrial production. The precipitation method has low requirements on raw materials and equipment, is easy to industrially popularize, and can not be realized due to overhigh local concentration of the precipitating agent in the adding process of the precipitating agentThe uniformity of the micro-composition, thereby causing the agglomeration of the product or the uneven particle appearance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preparing M-phase vanadium dioxide by a single ultrasonic atomization microwave method, which has short preparation time and can ensure that the vanadium dioxide has uniform particle size.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is to provide a method for preparing M-phase vanadium dioxide by a single ultrasonic atomization microwave method. The method comprises the following steps: and (2) introducing fog drops formed by ultrasonic atomization of the vanadium salt solution into a uniform precipitator solution containing a surfactant in a bubbling manner to react to obtain a suspension, aging, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a precursor precipitate, washing the precursor precipitate, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a precursor, and carrying out microwave drying, grinding and microwave calcination on the precursor to obtain the M-phase vanadium dioxide.
In the method for preparing the M-phase vanadium dioxide by the single ultrasonic atomization microwave method, the vanadium salt solution is prepared by dissolving tetravalent vanadium salt in deionized water, and the concentration of the solution is 0.1-0.5 moL/L.
Further, the purity of the tetravalent vanadium salt is more than or equal to 99.0 percent.
Further, the vanadium salt is at least one of vanadyl sulfate, vanadyl oxalate or vanadyl dichloride.
In the method for preparing the M-phase vanadium dioxide by the single ultrasonic atomization microwave method, the surfactant is any one of PEG with the molecular weight of 400-6000, Tween 80, PVP, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfonate or sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
In the method for preparing the M-phase vanadium dioxide by the single ultrasonic atomization microwave method, the uniform precipitator solution is prepared by dissolving a precipitator in deionized water to prepare a solution with the concentration of 0.1-1 moL/L, adding 0.5-1 wt% of a surfactant, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 15-30 min.
Further, the uniform precipitator is at least one of ammonia water, sodium hydroxide, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or sodium carbonate.
In the method for preparing the M-phase vanadium dioxide by the single ultrasonic atomization microwave method, an ultrasonic atomizer is adopted for atomization, wherein the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic atomizer is 1.7-3 MHz.
Further, continuously stirring in the reaction process, and simultaneously controlling the temperature to be 30-60 ℃; the reaction time is 30-120 min.
Further, the aging time is 0.5-12 h.
Further, the solid-liquid separation mode is centrifugation, and the rotation speed of the centrifugation is 5000-11000 rpm.
In the method for preparing the M-phase vanadium dioxide by the single ultrasonic atomization microwave method, the precursor precipitate is washed for 3 times by using deionized water, then washed for 2 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and ultrasonic dispersion is adopted for 15-30 min in each washing process.
In the method for preparing the M-phase vanadium dioxide by the single ultrasonic atomization microwave method, the precursor is placed in a microwave atmosphere furnace for microwave drying, inert gas is used for protection, and the microwave frequency is controlled to be 2.45 GHz; the temperature is 70-100 ℃; the time is 5-15 min.
Further, in the microwave drying process, the inert gas adopted is N2Or Ar.
In the method for preparing the M-phase vanadium dioxide by the single ultrasonic atomization microwave method, the microwave calcination is to place the precursor dried and ground by microwaves into the microwave atmosphere furnace again, and the inert gas is used for protection, wherein the temperature is 450-500 ℃; the time is 30-60 min.
Further, in the microwave calcination process, the inert gas adopted is N2Or Ar.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention introduces fog drops formed by ultrasonic atomization of the vanadium salt solution into the uniform precipitator solution containing the surfactant in a bubbling mode to react to generate precursor precipitates, thereby strengthening the mass transfer process, realizing micro or mesoscopic uniform mixing and achieving the effective control of the growth of precursor crystals. The invention adopts the uniform precipitator and ultrasonic atomization to avoid the phenomenon of uneven local concentration in the solution caused by using a direct precipitator, so that monodisperse and high-purity nano vanadium dioxide powder can be obtained, and the particle size of the prepared M-phase vanadium dioxide is 20-200 nm. The method of the invention combines auxiliary methods such as microwave and the like, effectively shortens the reaction time required by preparing the nano vanadium dioxide powder, and can obviously improve the synthesis efficiency and the crystallinity. The nano-scale vanadium dioxide powder prepared by the method has good dispersibility and uniformity, has superiority and competitiveness in the aspects of low-cost manufacture of high-quality nano-powder and industrialization potential compared with the prior art, and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows VO prepared in example 1 of the present invention2X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) of the powder.
FIG. 2 shows VO prepared in example 1 of the present invention2Scanning Electron Micrographs (SEM) of the powder.
Detailed Description
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing M-phase vanadium dioxide by a single ultrasonic atomization microwave method, and the method has the advantages of short preparation time, high efficiency and large-scale production, and can well control the properties of the powder such as particle size, morphology, crystallinity and the like.
Specifically, the invention provides a method for preparing M-phase vanadium dioxide by a single ultrasonic atomization microwave method, which comprises the following steps:
and (2) introducing fog drops formed by ultrasonic atomization of the vanadium salt solution into a uniform precipitator solution containing a surfactant in a bubbling manner to react to obtain a suspension, aging, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a precursor precipitate, washing the precursor precipitate, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a precursor, and carrying out microwave drying, grinding and microwave calcination on the precursor to obtain the M-phase vanadium dioxide.
In the invention, an ultrasonic atomizer is utilized to atomize a tetravalent vanadium salt solution with a certain concentration into micron fog drops, the fog drops are introduced into a uniform precipitator solution containing 0.5-1 wt% of a surfactant with the concentration of 0.1-1 moL/L in a bubbling manner through a carrier gas, the reaction process is continuously stirred, the temperature is controlled to be 30-60 ℃, precursor precipitate is generated, the precursor precipitate is washed, and the precursor after solid-liquid separation is subjected to microwave drying, grinding and microwave calcination to obtain the nano vanadium dioxide particles.
The invention utilizes ultrasonic cavitation effect to convert tetravalent vanadium salt solution into micro reaction liquid drops, simultaneously improves the contact nonuniformity of the vanadium salt solution and a precipitator during reaction in a bubbling mode, increases the reaction contact area, improves the reaction uniformity, ensures that the nucleation speed in a reaction system is extremely high, generates explosive nucleation, consumes most ions due to the generation of a large amount of crystal nuclei, greatly reduces the degree of over-saturation required by further growth of the crystal nuclei, correspondingly reduces the growth rate, simultaneously improves the system dispersibility under the steric effect of a surfactant, and finally obtains precursor precipitate with small and uniform particle size. The subsequent integration of ultrasonic dispersion-microwave drying/calcining technology, the ultrasonic cavitation effect is utilized to generate shock waves with shearing force in the reaction and washing processes, the agglomeration structure of the powder is destroyed, the characteristics of high microwave heating speed and uniform heating are utilized in the drying and calcining processes, the agglomeration in the precursor heat treatment process can be effectively prevented, and finally the monodisperse nano vanadium dioxide with uniform granularity is obtained.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
Step 1: dissolving 0.5moL of sodium hydroxide in deionized water to prepare 1000mL of solution with the concentration of 0.5moL/L, adding 0.5 wt% of surfactant, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 15-30 min to obtain a uniform precipitator solution;
step 2: dissolving vanadyl oxalate in deionized water to prepare 1000mL of 0.25moL/L solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15-30 min to obtain a vanadium salt solution;
and step 3: putting the vanadium salt solution into a 3MHz ultrasonic atomization device for atomization, introducing atomized reaction liquid drops into 250mL of uniform precipitator solution in a bubbling manner for reaction at the reaction temperature of 60 ℃, continuously performing ultrasonic and mechanical stirring in the reaction process, obtaining suspension after full reaction, and obtaining precursor precipitate through centrifugal separation at the rotation speed of 10000 rpm;
and 4, step 4: washing the precursor precipitate with deionized water for 3 times, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol for 2 times, and in the washing and alcohol washing processes, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion after uniformly stirring the precursor suspension, wherein the duration of each time is 15-30 min, so as to finally obtain a precursor;
and 5: placing the precursor in a microwave atmosphere furnace, and obtaining high-purity N2Protection, microwave frequency is 2.45GHz, temperature is controlled to be 80 ℃, time is 8min, drying is carried out to obtain VO (OH)2Solid, grinding for 30 min;
step 6: the dried and ground precursor is placed in a microwave atmosphere furnace again for calcination, and the high-purity N is obtained2Protecting, controlling the temperature at 450 ℃ for 1h to obtain blue-black M-phase VO2Powder particles of D50The particle size is 80 nm.
Example 2
Step 1: dissolving 0.4moL of sodium carbonate in deionized water to prepare 1000ml of solution with the concentration of 0.4moL/L, adding 0.8 wt% of surfactant, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 15-30 min to obtain uniform precipitator solution;
step 2: dissolving vanadyl sulfate in deionized water to prepare 1000mL of 0.2moL/L solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15-30 min to obtain a vanadium salt solution;
and step 3: putting the vanadium salt solution into a 3MHz ultrasonic atomization device for atomization, introducing atomized reaction liquid drops into 250mL of uniform precipitator solution in a bubbling manner for reaction at the reaction temperature of 45 ℃, continuously performing ultrasonic and mechanical stirring in the reaction process, obtaining suspension after full reaction, and obtaining precursor precipitate through centrifugal separation at the rotation speed of 10000 rpm;
and 4, step 4: washing the precursor precipitate with deionized water for 3 times, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol for 2 times, and in the washing and alcohol washing processes, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion after uniformly stirring the precursor suspension, wherein the duration of each time is 15-30 min, so as to finally obtain a precursor;
and 5: placing the precursor in a microwave atmosphere furnace, and obtaining high-purity N2Protection, microwave frequency is 2.45GHz, temperature is controlled at 70 ℃ for 10min, and drying is carried out to obtain VO (OH)2Solid, grinding for 30 min;
step 6: drying and grinding the precursor againCalcining in microwave oven to obtain high-purity N2Protecting, controlling the temperature at 500 ℃ for 1h to obtain blue-black M-phase VO2Powder particles of D50The particle size was 136 nm.
Example 3
Step 1: dissolving 0.2moL of ammonium bicarbonate in deionized water to prepare 1000mL of 0.2moL/L solution, adding 1 wt% of surfactant, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 15-30 min to obtain a uniform precipitator solution;
step 2: dissolving vanadyl oxalate in deionized water to prepare 1000mL of 0.1moL/L solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15-30 min to obtain a vanadium salt solution;
and step 3: putting the vanadium salt solution into a 3MHz ultrasonic atomization device for atomization, introducing the atomized reaction liquid drops into 500mL of uniform precipitator solution in a bubbling manner for reaction at the reaction temperature of 35 ℃, continuously performing ultrasonic and mechanical stirring in the reaction process, obtaining suspension after full reaction, and obtaining precursor precipitate by centrifugal separation at the rotation speed of 10000 rpm;
and 4, step 4: washing the precursor precipitate with deionized water for 3 times, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol for 2 times, and in the washing and alcohol washing processes, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion after uniformly stirring the precursor suspension, wherein the duration of each time is 15-30 min, so as to finally obtain a precursor;
and 5: placing the precursor in a microwave atmosphere furnace, and obtaining high-purity N2Protection, microwave frequency is 2.45GHz, temperature is controlled at 90 ℃ for 8min, and drying is carried out to obtain VO (OH)2Solid, grinding for 30 min;
step 6: the dried and ground precursor is placed in a microwave atmosphere furnace again for calcination, and the high-purity N is obtained2Protecting, controlling the temperature at 500 ℃ for 0.5h to obtain blue-black M-phase VO2Powder particles of D50The particle size was 150 nm.
Claims (10)
1. The method for preparing the M-phase vanadium dioxide by the single ultrasonic atomization microwave method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: and (2) introducing fog drops formed by ultrasonic atomization of the vanadium salt solution into a uniform precipitator solution containing a surfactant in a bubbling manner to react to obtain a suspension, aging, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a precursor precipitate, washing the precursor precipitate, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a precursor, and carrying out microwave drying, grinding and microwave calcination on the precursor to obtain the M-phase vanadium dioxide.
2. The method for preparing M-phase vanadium dioxide by using the single ultrasonic atomization microwave method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the vanadium salt solution is prepared by dissolving tetravalent vanadium salt in deionized water, and the concentration of the solution is 0.1-0.5 moL/L.
3. The method for preparing M-phase vanadium dioxide by the single ultrasonic atomization microwave method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the surfactant is any one of PEG with the molecular weight of 400-6000, Tween 80, PVP, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
4. The method for preparing M-phase vanadium dioxide by using the single ultrasonic atomization microwave method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the vanadium salt is at least one of vanadyl sulfate, vanadyl oxalate or vanadyl dichloride.
5. The method for preparing M-phase vanadium dioxide by using the single ultrasonic atomization microwave method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the uniform precipitator solution is prepared by dissolving a precipitator in deionized water to prepare a solution with the concentration of 0.1-1 moL/L, adding 0.5-1 wt% of a surfactant, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment.
6. The method for preparing M-phase vanadium dioxide by using the single ultrasonic atomization microwave method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the uniform precipitator is at least one of ammonia water, sodium hydroxide, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or sodium carbonate.
7. The method for preparing M-phase vanadium dioxide by using the single ultrasonic atomization microwave method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step of introducing fog drops formed by atomizing a vanadium salt solution into a uniform precipitator solution containing a surfactant in a bubbling mode for reaction to obtain a suspension, at least one of the following conditions is met:
an ultrasonic atomizer is adopted for atomization, wherein the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic atomizer is 1.7-3 MHz;
continuously stirring in the reaction process, and simultaneously controlling the temperature to be 30-60 ℃; the reaction time is 30-120 min;
the aging time is 0.5-12 h;
the solid-liquid separation mode is centrifugation, and the rotation speed of the centrifugation is 5000-11000 rpm.
8. The method for preparing M-phase vanadium dioxide by using the single ultrasonic atomization microwave method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: washing the precursor precipitate for 3 times by using deionized water, then washing for 2 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and dispersing for 15-30 min by using ultrasonic in each washing process.
9. The method for preparing M-phase vanadium dioxide by using the single ultrasonic atomization microwave method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the microwave drying is to place the precursor in a microwave atmosphere furnace, protect with inert gas, and control the microwave frequency to be 2.45 GHz; the temperature is 70-100 ℃; the time is 5-15 min.
10. The method for preparing M-phase vanadium dioxide by using the single ultrasonic atomization microwave method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the microwave calcination is to place the precursor subjected to microwave drying and grinding in the microwave atmosphere furnace again, and under the protection of inert gas, the temperature is 450-500 ℃; the time is 30-60 min.
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CN116002754A (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-04-25 | 大连融科储能集团股份有限公司 | High-purity small-grain vanadium oxide and preparation method and application thereof |
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