CN112172457B - Electric automobile waste heat recovery air conditioning system and control method - Google Patents
Electric automobile waste heat recovery air conditioning system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112172457B CN112172457B CN202011116275.3A CN202011116275A CN112172457B CN 112172457 B CN112172457 B CN 112172457B CN 202011116275 A CN202011116275 A CN 202011116275A CN 112172457 B CN112172457 B CN 112172457B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00485—Valves for air-conditioning devices, e.g. thermostatic valves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
- B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3205—Control means therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
- B60K11/04—Arrangement or mounting of radiators, radiator shutters, or radiator blinds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H2001/003—Component temperature regulation using an air flow
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H2001/00961—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising means for defrosting outside heat exchangers
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric vehicle waste heat recovery air conditioning system and a control method thereof, wherein the electric vehicle system comprises a refrigerant circulating system using R134a, a motor electric control water circulating system using ethylene glycol and water and a branch connecting the refrigerant circulating system and the motor electric control water circulating system. The electric automobile heat pump air-conditioning system and the control method can improve the heating energy efficiency ratio of the electric automobile heat pump air-conditioning in an ultralow temperature environment, assist the battery pack to heat when the electric automobile is started in winter, and accelerate the deicing efficiency when the external heat exchanger deices, so that the performance of the whole electric automobile is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric automobile air conditioners, and particularly relates to a waste heat recovery system and a control method of an electric automobile air conditioner.
Background
Compared with the traditional automobile, the electric automobile is additionally provided with other devices such as a power battery, a motor controller and the like. In order to meet the reliability of the whole electric automobile, the requirement on heat management performance is higher. The heat management energy consumption generally increases, and under the ultralow temperature environment, the heat pump air conditioner can not meet the energy consumption ratio performance requirement, and the waste heat of the electric control part of the motor is generally difficult to utilize, so that the application of the efficient and diverse waste heat recovery technology to the air conditioning system of the electric automobile is one of important ways for reducing the energy consumption of the heat management system of the electric automobile based on the angle of the heat management of the whole automobile.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the waste heat generated in the running process of the motor and the motor controller is used for assisting in heating of a battery pack in winter, accelerating deicing of an external heat exchanger, improving the temperature of a refrigerant at the inlet of a compressor by using waste heat generated by electric control of the motor and DCDC at an ultralow ambient temperature, reducing the compression ratio of the compressor, and improving the energy efficiency ratio of the whole heat pump air-conditioning vehicle of the electric vehicle, so that the whole performance of the electric vehicle is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the waste heat recovery air conditioning system of the electric automobile comprises a refrigerant circulating system, a motor electric control water circulating system and a branch connecting the refrigerant circulating system and the motor electric control water circulating system.
The refrigerant circulating system comprises a scroll compressor, a passenger cabin internal condenser, an electronic expansion valve I, an external heat exchanger, a solenoid valve I and a liquid storage tank, wherein the scroll compressor, the passenger cabin internal condenser, the electronic expansion valve I, the external heat exchanger, the solenoid valve I and the liquid storage tank are sequentially connected in series, and then the liquid storage tank is connected with the scroll compressor to form a refrigerant circulating loop.
Automatically controlled water circulating system of motor includes water pump, the automatically controlled and DCDC of motor, three-way valve, radiator, motor inflation kettle and solenoid valve II, the output of water pump is connected with the automatically controlled and DCDC's of motor one end, and the automatically controlled and DCDC's of motor other end and the third end of three-way valve are connected, and the first end and the radiator one end of three-way valve are connected, and the radiator other end is connected with the input of motor inflation kettle, and the output of motor inflation kettle passes through the input hookup of solenoid valve II and water pump and constitutes water circulation loop.
The branch comprises a solenoid valve III, an electronic expansion valve II and a cooler, after the solenoid valve III is connected with the electronic expansion valve II in series, one end of the solenoid valve III is connected to a pipeline between the condenser and the electronic expansion valve I in the passenger compartment, the other end of the solenoid valve III is connected with a refrigerant interface of the cooler, and the other refrigerant interface of the cooler is connected to a pipeline between the solenoid valve I and the liquid storage tank.
On the basis of the system, the invention also provides a control method:
the method comprises the following steps: when the main controller TMS receives a request signal for starting the air-conditioning system of the electric automobile, the air-conditioning system of the electric automobile is started, temperature values of all collecting points of the electric automobile system are collected through a high-pressure temperature sensor, a low-pressure temperature sensor, a motor water inlet temperature sensor, a battery pack temperature sensor, an in-car temperature sensor and an out-car temperature sensor, and are transmitted to the main controller TMS through a CAN signal;
step two: the main control unit TMS analyzes the collected data and adjusts the current running mode of the electric automobile: when a heating request is detected in a passenger compartment, when the temperature outside the vehicle is detected to be higher than T1 ℃, operating a common heating mode, namely closing the electromagnetic valve III, opening the electronic expansion valve I, opening the electromagnetic valve I, starting a refrigerant circulation loop, setting the flow of a water pump to be B, setting a first end of the three-way valve to be communicated, setting the rotating speed of a fan of an external heat exchanger to be D, opening the electromagnetic valve II and starting the water circulation loop;
when detecting that the temperature is less than or equal to T1 ℃ outside the car, the operation waste heat recovery mode, open solenoid valve III, electronic expansion valve II, electronic expansion valve I promptly, open solenoid valve I, close solenoid valve II, the three-way valve sets up to the second end and leads to.
The technical scheme of the invention can obtain the following beneficial effects:
the heating energy efficiency ratio of the whole vehicle heat pump air conditioner in an ultralow temperature environment can be improved;
the battery pack can be assisted to heat when the electric automobile is started in winter;
the deicing efficiency of the external heat exchanger during deicing can be accelerated.
The method comprises the following specific steps: the air conditioner heating system in the prior art adopts the PTC heater for heating, and the heating energy efficiency ratio of the system is very low and is lower than 1.0. Further, in the conventional heat pump air conditioning system, heat in a low-temperature heat source, i.e., a medium around the environment, is used for heating in the vehicle, so that the heating energy efficiency ratio is improved, but due to the limitation of the inlet temperature of the compressor, heat can be absorbed only from an environment medium with an environment temperature of T1 ℃ or higher. When the temperature of the system is below T1 ℃, the inlet temperature of the compressor is increased by utilizing waste heat generated in the electric control process of the motor and the operation process of the DCDC, so that heat can be absorbed in an environment with ultralow temperature, namely lower than T1 ℃, and the heating energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump air conditioner of the whole vehicle is improved.
The electric automobile in the prior art utilizes a PTC heater to heat a battery pack in winter, when the electric automobile is started in winter, the opening degree of a front active air inlet grille 19 is set to be 0, namely the front active air inlet grille 19 is closed, a finishing loop of a motor electric control and DCDC water circulation system is set to flow from a water pump 13, a motor electric control and DCDC14, a three-way valve 15, a radiator 16, a motor expansion kettle 17, an electromagnetic valve II 18 to a mixed solution of ethylene glycol and water of the water pump 13, the rotating speed of an external heat exchanger fan 6 is set to be D to provide the maximum air volume, and the flow of the water pump is set to be the maximum value, so that the waste heat generated by the motor electric control is used for assisting the battery pack in winter to heat most efficiently.
In the prior art, a PTC heater automobile air conditioning system has no external heat exchanger deicing function, but a general heat pump system only utilizes a mode of converting a heating mode into a cooling mode to perform deicing, and the system also releases waste heat of an electric control part of a motor to the periphery of an external heat exchanger through a radiator on the basis of deicing of a conventional heat pump air conditioning system so as to improve the temperature of the external heat exchanger during deicing, thereby accelerating the deicing speed of the external heat exchanger, and the specific operation is as follows: when the system is detected to be in the external heat exchanger deicing mode, the air speed and the air volume of the fan 6 of the external heat exchanger and the flow speed and the flow of the water pump 13 of the motor are set to be maximum, the opening degree of the active air inlet grille 19 in the front of the vehicle is set to be 0, namely the active air inlet grille is in a closed state, and the waste heat of the electric control part of the motor is released to the periphery of the external heat exchanger 5 through the radiator 16 to improve the temperature of the external heat exchanger 5 during deicing, so that the deicing speed of the external heat exchanger 5 is accelerated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system schematic diagram of an electric vehicle waste heat recovery air conditioning system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a control method of the waste heat recovery air conditioning system of the electric vehicle according to the present invention;
in the drawings, 1-a scroll compressor; 2-a condenser inside the passenger compartment; 3-a high-pressure temperature sensor; 4-electronic expansion valve I; 5-an external heat exchanger; 6-external heat exchanger fan; 7-low pressure temperature sensor; 8-a solenoid valve I; 9-a liquid storage tank; 10-electromagnetic valve III; 11-electronic expansion valve II; 12-a cooler; 13-a water pump; 14-motor electrical control and DCDC; 15-three-way valve; 16-a heat sink; 17-a motor expansion kettle; 18-the solenoid valve II; 19-active intake grille.
Detailed Description
The following describes an air conditioning system for recovering waste heat of an electric vehicle and a control method thereof in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
referring to fig. 1, the waste heat recovery air conditioning system for the electric vehicle of the present invention includes a refrigerant circulation system using R134a (tetrafluoroethane), a motor-controlled water circulation system using ethylene glycol and water, and a branch connecting the refrigerant circulation system and the motor-controlled water circulation system.
The refrigerant circulating system comprises a scroll compressor 1, a passenger cabin internal condenser 2, a high-pressure temperature sensor 3, an electronic expansion valve I4, an external heat exchanger 5, an external heat exchanger fan 6, a low-pressure temperature sensor 7, a solenoid valve I8 and a liquid storage tank 9, wherein the scroll compressor 1, the passenger cabin internal condenser 2, the electronic expansion valve I4, the external heat exchanger 5, the solenoid valve I8 and the liquid storage tank 9 are sequentially connected in series, and then the liquid storage tank 9 is connected with the scroll compressor 1 to form a refrigerant circulating loop; the high-pressure temperature sensor 3 is arranged on a pipeline between the condenser 2 and the electronic expansion valve I4 in the passenger compartment, the low-pressure temperature sensor 7 is arranged on a pipeline between the external heat exchanger 5 and the electromagnetic valve I8, and the external heat exchanger fan 6 is arranged near the external heat exchanger 5.
The automatically controlled water circulating system of motor includes water pump 13, the automatically controlled and DCDC14 of motor, three-way valve 15, radiator 16, motor expansion kettle 17 and solenoid valve II 18, the output of water pump 13 is connected with the automatically controlled and one end of DCDC14 of motor, and the automatically controlled and other end of DCDC14 of motor is connected with the third end of three-way valve 15, and the first end and the 16 one end of radiator of three-way valve 15 are connected, and the 16 other end of radiator is connected with the input of motor expansion kettle 17, and the output of motor expansion kettle 17 passes through solenoid valve II 18 and is connected constitution water circulation return circuit with the input of water pump 13.
The branch comprises a solenoid valve III 10, an electronic expansion valve II 11 and a cooler 12, after the solenoid valve III 10 is connected with the electronic expansion valve II 11 in series, one end of the solenoid valve III is connected to a pipeline between the condenser 2 and the electronic expansion valve I4 in the passenger compartment, the other end of the solenoid valve III is connected with a refrigerant interface of the cooler 12, and the other refrigerant interface of the cooler 12 is connected to a pipeline between the solenoid valve I8 and the liquid storage tank 9.
The second end of the three-way valve 15 is connected with a waterway interface of the cooler 12, and the other waterway interface of the cooler 12 is connected with the input end of the water pump 13.
According to the control method, when the battery pack is started in winter, the battery pack is assisted to be heated in winter; when the external heat exchanger has a deicing requirement in winter, the deicing speed of the external heat exchanger is accelerated; the electric control waste heat recovery of the motor is realized in the ultralow temperature environment, and the heating energy efficiency ratio of the whole electric vehicle heat pump air conditioner is improved.
When the electric automobile is started in winter, the opening of the front active air inlet grille 19 is set to be 0, namely, the front active air inlet grille 19 is closed, the flow direction of a mixed solution of glycol and water from the water pump 13, the motor electronic control unit DCDC14, the three-way valve 15, the radiator 16, the motor expansion kettle 17, the electromagnetic valve II 18 to the water pump 13 of a completion loop of the motor electronic control and DCDC water circulation system is set, the rotating speed of the external heat exchanger fan 6 is set to be D to provide the maximum air volume, the flow of the water pump is set to be the maximum value, and therefore waste heat generated by the motor electronic control is used for assisting the heating of the winter battery pack to the maximum efficiency.
When the electric automobile heats in winter, the external heat exchanger may be frozen, and at the moment, the deicing speed of the external heat exchanger 5 can be accelerated by using the invention, and the specific control method is that when the system is detected to be in the external heat exchanger deicing mode, the wind speed and the wind volume of the external heat exchanger fan 6 and the flow speed and the flow of the motor water pump 13 are set to be maximum, the opening degree of the front active air inlet grille 19 is set to be 0, namely the active air inlet grille is in a closed state, and the waste heat of the electric control part of the motor is released to the periphery of the external heat exchanger 5 through the radiator 16 so as to improve the temperature of the external heat exchanger 5 during deicing, thereby accelerating the deicing speed of the external heat exchanger 5.
When the electric automobile heats the passenger compartment at an ultralow temperature, the inlet temperature of the compressor is too low under ordinary conditions, so that the heating energy efficiency ratio of the whole vehicle heat pump air conditioner is very low. When a main Controller TMS (Thermal management System) receives a request signal for starting an air conditioning System of the electric automobile, the air conditioning System of the electric automobile is started, temperature values of all collection points of the electric automobile System are collected through a high-pressure temperature sensor 3, a low-pressure temperature sensor 7, a motor water inlet temperature sensor, a battery pack temperature sensor, an in-vehicle temperature sensor and an out-vehicle temperature sensor, and are transmitted to the main Controller TMS through a CAN (Controller Area Network) signal. And the main controller TMS automatically adjusts the current running mode of the electric automobile by analyzing the acquired data. When detecting the passenger compartment and having the request of heating, if the outer temperature of car is higher than T1 degree centigrade, the ordinary mode of heating of operation, if the outer temperature of car is less than or equal to T1 degree centigrade, the waste heat recovery mode of operation, specifically including judging motor water inlet temperature, if motor water inlet temperature is less than when T2 degree centigrade, then the waste heat recovery mode of operation one, if motor water inlet temperature is in when T2 degree centigrade to T3 degree centigrade between, operation waste heat recovery mode two, if motor water inlet temperature is greater than when T3 degree centigrade, then the waste heat recovery mode three of operation. As shown in fig. 2.
In the ordinary heating mode, namely, the electromagnetic valve III 10 is closed in a refrigerant loop, the electronic expansion valve I4 is provided with a certain opening, the electromagnetic valve I8 is opened to finish the flow direction of the refrigerant loop from the scroll compressor 1, the internal condenser 2 of the passenger cabin, the electronic expansion valve I4, the external heat exchanger 5 and the external heat exchanger fan 6, the electromagnetic valve I8 and the liquid storage tank 9 to the refrigerant loop in the ordinary heating mode of the scroll compressor 1, at the moment, the electromagnetic valve II 18 is opened in the water circulation loop, the water pump 13 is operated, the three-way valve 15 is set to be left-pass (first end-pass), and the flow direction of the water circulation loop from the water pump 13, the motor electric control and DCDC14, the three-way valve 15, the radiator 16, the motor expansion kettle 17, the electromagnetic valve II 18 to the water pump 13 in the ordinary heating mode is finished, and the water circulation loop is mixed liquid of glycol and water. And the flow of the water pump 13 is set to be B, and the rotating speed of the external heat exchanger fan 6 is set to be D.
Waste heat recovery mode, refrigerant circuit opens solenoid valve III 10 promptly, give I4 certain aperture of electronic expansion valve, open solenoid valve I8 and accomplish the first tributary of refrigerant circuit parallel flow and follow scroll compressor 1, passenger cabin inside condenser 2, electronic expansion valve I4, external heat exchanger 5 and external heat exchanger fan 6, solenoid valve I8 intersects in the junction with the second tributary, the second tributary is from scroll compressor 1, passenger cabin inside condenser 2, solenoid valve III 10, electronic expansion valve II 11, cooler 12, then intersect in the junction, then flow into liquid storage pot 9 and return to scroll compressor 1 after two refrigerant circuits intersect. At this time, in the water circulation loop, the electromagnetic valve II 18 is closed, the three-way valve 15 is set to be right-handed (second end-handed), and the flow direction of the mixed liquid of the glycol and the water in the water circulation loop from the water pump 13, the motor electric control and DCDC loop 14, the three-way valve 15, the cooler 12 to the water pump 13 in the waste heat recovery mode of the water circulation loop is completed.
The difference between the waste heat recovery mode I, the waste heat recovery mode II and the waste heat recovery mode III is that the flow speed and the flow of the water pump 13 and the opening size of the electronic expansion valve II 11 are distributed according to the temperature of the water inlet of the motor so as to control the heating capacity generated by the flow of the refrigerant for recovering the electric control waste heat of the motor and the maximum energy consumption ratio gain of the electric control waste heat of the motor. In the first waste heat recovery mode, the flow of the water pump 13 is set to be B, and the opening of the electronic expansion valve 11 is set to be A; in the waste heat recovery mode II, the flow of the water pump 13 is set to be C, and the opening of the electronic expansion valve 11 is set to be B; in the waste heat recovery mode three, the flow rate of the water pump 13 is set to be D, and the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 11 is set to be C.
Specifically, in the first waste heat recovery mode, the electromagnetic valve III 10 is opened, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve II 11 is set to be A, the electronic expansion valve I4 is opened, the electromagnetic valve I8 is opened, the flow of the water pump 13 is set to be B, the electromagnetic valve II 18 is closed, the three-way valve 15 is set to be a second end-to-end valve, and the rotating speed of the external heat exchanger fan 6 is set to be D; in the waste heat recovery mode II, opening a solenoid valve III 10, setting the opening degree of an electronic expansion valve II 11 as B, opening an electronic expansion valve I4, opening a solenoid valve I8, setting the flow of a water pump 13 as C, closing a solenoid valve II 18, setting a three-way valve 15 as a second end opening, and setting the rotating speed of an external heat exchanger fan 6 as D; in the waste heat recovery mode III, open solenoid valve III 10, set II 11 apertures of electronic expansion valve as C, open electronic expansion valve I4, open solenoid valve I8 to set up water pump 13 flow as D, close solenoid valve II 18, set up three-way valve 15 and set up the rotational speed of external heat exchanger fan 6 as D for the second end leads to.
Judging whether the TMS core controller receives an air conditioner heating request or not in each period after the waste heat recovery mode I, the waste heat recovery mode II or the waste heat recovery mode III is finished, and if not, ending the air conditioner waste heat recovery mode; if receiving an air conditioner heating request, continuously judging whether the temperature outside the vehicle is lower than T1 ℃, and if not, continuously performing a common heating mode; if the temperature is lower than or equal to T1 ℃, the temperature of the water inlet of the motor is judged, so that a waste heat recovery mode is selected, and complete periodic circulation is completed.
It should be noted that the percentages of the flow rate, the rotation speed, the opening degree and the like in the present invention are all percentages of the maximum value of the corresponding equipment. The electric control and DCDC of the motor in the invention means that the mixed liquid of ethylene glycol and water in the water circulation loop flows through electric equipment such as a motor control device, a DCDC power supply conversion device and the like.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an electric automobile waste heat recovery air conditioning system which characterized in that: the system comprises a refrigerant circulating system, a motor electric control water circulating system and a branch connecting the refrigerant circulating system and the motor electric control water circulating system;
the refrigerant circulating system comprises a scroll compressor (1), a passenger compartment internal condenser (2), an electronic expansion valve I (4), an external heat exchanger (5), a solenoid valve I (8) and a liquid storage tank (9), wherein the scroll compressor (1), the passenger compartment internal condenser (2), the electronic expansion valve I (4), the external heat exchanger (5), the solenoid valve I (8) and the liquid storage tank (9) are sequentially connected in series, and then the liquid storage tank (9) is connected with the scroll compressor (1) to form a refrigerant circulating loop;
the motor electric control water circulation system comprises a water pump (13), a motor electric control and DCDC (14), a three-way valve (15), a radiator (16), a motor expansion kettle (17) and a solenoid valve II (18), wherein the output end of the water pump (13) is connected with one end of the motor electric control and DCDC (14), the other end of the motor electric control and DCDC (14) is connected with the third end of the three-way valve (15), the first end of the three-way valve (15) is connected with one end of the radiator (16), the other end of the radiator (16) is connected with the input end of the motor expansion kettle (17), and the output end of the motor expansion kettle (17) is connected with the input end of the water pump (13) through the solenoid valve II (18) to form a water circulation loop;
the branch comprises a solenoid valve III (10), an electronic expansion valve II (11) and a cooler (12), after the solenoid valve III (10) and the electronic expansion valve II (11) are connected in series, one end of the solenoid valve III (10) is connected to a pipeline between the condenser (2) and the electronic expansion valve I (4) in the passenger compartment, the other end of the solenoid valve III (10) is connected with a refrigerant interface of the cooler (12), and the other refrigerant interface of the cooler (12) is connected to a pipeline between the solenoid valve I (8) and the liquid storage tank (9);
controlling an air conditioning system by: when a heating request of a passenger compartment is detected, when the temperature outside the vehicle is detected to be higher than T1 ℃, operating a common heating mode, namely closing a solenoid valve III (10), opening an electronic expansion valve I (4), opening a solenoid valve I (8), starting a refrigerant circulation loop, setting the flow of a water pump (13) to be a first flow, setting a three-way valve (15) to be a first end communication, setting the rotating speed of a fan (6) of an external heat exchanger to be a third rotating speed, opening a solenoid valve II (18), and starting a water circulation loop;
when the temperature outside the vehicle is detected to be lower than or equal to T1 ℃, the waste heat recovery mode is operated, namely the electromagnetic valve III (10), the electronic expansion valve II (11), the electronic expansion valve I (4) and the electromagnetic valve I (8) are opened, the electromagnetic valve II (18) is closed, and the three-way valve (15) is set to be communicated with the second end; in the waste heat recovery mode, if the temperature of the water inlet of the motor is detected to be lower than T2 ℃, the waste heat recovery mode I is entered, if the temperature of the water inlet of the motor is detected to be between T2 and T3 ℃, the waste heat recovery mode II is entered, and if the temperature of the water inlet of the motor is detected to be higher than T3 ℃, the waste heat recovery mode III is entered; and the electronic expansion valve II (11) among the waste heat recovery mode I, the waste heat recovery mode II and the waste heat recovery mode III has different opening degrees and different water pump (13) flow rates.
2. The electric vehicle waste heat recovery air conditioning system of claim 1, characterized in that: the second end of the three-way valve (15) is connected with a waterway interface of the cooler (12), and the other waterway interface of the cooler (12) is connected with the input end of the water pump (13).
3. The electric vehicle waste heat recovery air conditioning system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the passenger compartment air conditioner is characterized by further comprising a high-pressure temperature sensor (3) and a low-pressure temperature sensor (7), wherein the high-pressure temperature sensor (3) is arranged on a pipeline between the condenser (2) inside the passenger compartment and the electronic expansion valve I (4), and the low-pressure temperature sensor (7) is arranged on a pipeline between the external heat exchanger (5) and the solenoid valve I (8).
4. The electric vehicle waste heat recovery air conditioning system of claim 3, characterized in that: an external heat exchanger fan (6) is arranged near the external heat exchanger (5).
5. A control method for utilizing the waste heat recovery air conditioning system of the electric automobile as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: when the main controller TMS receives a request signal for starting the air-conditioning system of the electric automobile, the air-conditioning system of the electric automobile is started, temperature values of all collecting points of the electric automobile system are collected through a high-pressure temperature sensor (3), a low-pressure temperature sensor (7), a motor water inlet temperature sensor, a battery pack temperature sensor, an in-vehicle temperature sensor and an out-vehicle temperature sensor, and are transmitted to the main controller TMS through a CAN signal;
step two: main control unit TMS is through carrying out the analysis to each data collection, adjusts current electric automobile's operational mode: when a heating request is detected in a passenger compartment, when the temperature outside the vehicle is detected to be higher than T1 ℃, operating a common heating mode, namely closing an electromagnetic valve III (10), opening an electronic expansion valve I (4), opening an electromagnetic valve I (8), starting a refrigerant circulation loop, setting the flow of a water pump (13) to be a first flow, setting a three-way valve (15) to be a first end communication, setting the rotating speed of an external heat exchanger fan (6) to be a third rotating speed, opening an electromagnetic valve II (18), and starting a water circulation loop;
when the temperature outside the vehicle is detected to be lower than or equal to T1 ℃, the waste heat recovery mode is operated, namely the electromagnetic valve III (10), the electronic expansion valve II (11), the electronic expansion valve I (4) and the electromagnetic valve I (8) are opened, the electromagnetic valve II (18) is closed, and the three-way valve (15) is set to be communicated with the second end; in the waste heat recovery mode, if the temperature of the water inlet of the motor is detected to be lower than T2 ℃, the waste heat recovery mode I is entered, if the temperature of the water inlet of the motor is detected to be between T2 and T3 ℃, the waste heat recovery mode II is entered, and if the temperature of the water inlet of the motor is detected to be higher than T3 ℃, the waste heat recovery mode III is entered; and the electronic expansion valve II (11) among the waste heat recovery mode I, the waste heat recovery mode II and the waste heat recovery mode III has different opening degrees and different water pump (13) flow rates.
6. The control method of the electric vehicle waste heat recovery air conditioning system according to claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the waste heat recovery mode I, opening a solenoid valve III (10), setting the opening degree of an electronic expansion valve II (11) as a first opening degree, opening an electronic expansion valve I (4), opening a solenoid valve I (8), setting the flow of a water pump (13) as a first flow, closing a solenoid valve II (18), setting a three-way valve (15) as a second end communication, and setting the rotating speed of an external heat exchanger fan (6) as a third rotating speed; in the waste heat recovery mode II, the electromagnetic valve III (10) is opened, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve II (11) is set to be a second opening degree, the electronic expansion valve I (4) is opened, the electromagnetic valve I (8) is opened, the flow of the water pump (13) is set to be a second flow, the electromagnetic valve II (18) is closed, the three-way valve (15) is set to be a second end-to-end connection, and the rotating speed of the external heat exchanger fan (6) is set to be a third rotating speed; in the waste heat recovery mode III, the electromagnetic valve III (10) is opened, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve II (11) is set to be a third opening degree, the electronic expansion valve I (4) is opened, the electromagnetic valve I (8) is opened, the flow of the water pump (13) is set to be a third flow, the electromagnetic valve II (18) is closed, the three-way valve (15) is set to be a second end-to-end communication, and the rotating speed of the external heat exchanger fan (6) is set to be a third rotating speed.
7. The control method of the electric vehicle waste heat recovery air conditioning system according to claim 5, characterized in that: when the electric automobile is started, the opening degree of the front active air inlet grille (19) is set to be 0, the rotating speed of the external heat exchanger fan (6) is set to be a third rotating speed so as to provide the maximum air quantity, and the flow of the water pump is set to be the maximum value.
8. The control method of the electric vehicle waste heat recovery air conditioning system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: when the external heat exchanger is in a deicing mode, the air speed and the air volume of an external heat exchanger fan (6) and the flow speed and the flow of a water pump (13) are set to be maximum, the opening degree of a front active air inlet grille (19) is set to be 0, and waste heat of an electric control part of a motor is released to the periphery of the external heat exchanger (5) through a radiator (16) so as to improve the temperature of the external heat exchanger (5) during deicing.
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| CN116014284B (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2024-11-08 | 吉林大学 | Electric automobile battery composite cooling system and control method thereof |
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