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CN112166046B - 混合动力变速器和混合动力车辆 - Google Patents

混合动力变速器和混合动力车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112166046B
CN112166046B CN201880093912.4A CN201880093912A CN112166046B CN 112166046 B CN112166046 B CN 112166046B CN 201880093912 A CN201880093912 A CN 201880093912A CN 112166046 B CN112166046 B CN 112166046B
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China
Prior art keywords
gear
synchronizer
transmission
gearwheel
shaft
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CN201880093912.4A
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CN112166046A (zh
Inventor
邱勇
狄杰
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B60K6/405—Housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/089—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears all of the meshing gears being supported by a pair of parallel shafts, one being the input shaft and the other the output shaft, there being no countershaft involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4816—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox internal shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
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    • F16H2200/0043—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising four forward speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract

一种用于混合动力车辆的混合动力变速器，包括电机(5)、与电机(5)连接的电机轴(3)、与内燃机(4)连接的变速器输入轴(1)和变速器输出轴(2)。其中，变速器输入轴(1)和电机轴(3)同轴线布置，且电机轴(3)被设计为空心轴，在电机轴(3)上空套地设置第一齿轮(Z11)，在变速器输入轴(1)上抗扭地设置第三齿轮(Z12)和第五齿轮(Z13)，在第一齿轮(Z11)和第三齿轮(Z12)之间设置第一同步器A，在变速器输出轴(2)上抗扭地设置第二齿轮(Z21)，第二齿轮(Z21)与第一齿轮(Z11)啮合，在变速器输出轴(2)上空套地设置第四齿轮(Z22)和第六齿轮(Z23)，第四齿轮(Z22)与第三齿轮(Z12)啮合，第六齿轮(Z23)与第五齿轮(Z13)啮合，在第四齿轮(Z22)和第六齿轮(Z23)之间设置第二同步器B。利用同步器切换能够将电机扭矩直接输出到变速器输入轴(1)或者输出到变速器输出轴(2)。

Description

混合动力变速器和混合动力车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于混合动力车辆的混合动力变速器，该混合动力变速器包括电机、电机轴、变速器输入轴和变速器输出轴，其中，变速器输入轴通过离合器与内燃机连接，电机轴与电机连接。电机轴能够将扭矩直接输出到变速器输入轴或者将扭矩直接输出到变速器输出轴。
背景技术
在当前的混合动力驱动系统中，通常需要设置两个电机与混合动力变速器连接，并且内燃机通过液压式离合器与混合动力变速器连接，由此，该混合动力变速器能够实现多种工作模式，例如P2模式(电机扭矩直接输送到变速器输入端)、P3模式(电机扭矩直接输送到变速器输出端)和P2.5模式(可在P2模式和P3模式之间进行切换)。
由CN 102259584 A已知一种混合动力驱动系统，该系统具有内燃机、两个电机和两个离合器。由于设置了两个输入轴和一个输出轴，两个输入轴和输出轴之间分别通过齿轮副连接，同时通过第二离合器将内燃机与第二输入轴连接，内燃机和第二电机分别通过两个输入轴输出动力，从而形成了车辆前进挡的两个挡位。
但是，已知的混合动力变速器只能为牵引电机和内燃机均只能提供单挡位，不足以优化电机或内燃机的工作点。液压式离合器根据行驶的情况接合或断开，从而实现混合驱动和纯电动驱动的切换，例如在公路行驶中，内燃机效率较高、车速较高，此时液压式离合器接合，内燃机仅靠单档位输出扭矩，无法协调发动机的转速与车轮实际行驶速度，无法发挥发动机的最佳功能，而此时集成式起动发电机电机仅作为发电机运行，不能输出扭矩；而在城市行驶中，内燃机效率非常低，车速也较低，液压式离合器断开，仅靠电机单档位输出扭矩，由于受到电机功率的限制也无法提供大扭矩。因此，只具单挡位的混合驱动系统的性能并不理想。此外，在多挡位的情况下，如果只使用一个电机，在挡位进行切换时会造成动力中断，因而降低了驾驶舒适性；而如果使用两个电机，会造成混合动力驱动系统成本升高。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种用于混合动力车辆的混合动力变速器，该混合动力变速器具有紧凑的设计结构并且使得混合动力车辆在各种行驶状况中均能够兼顾动力性能和经济性。
所述技术问题被一种用于混合动力车辆的混合动力变速器，该混合动力变速器包括电机、电机轴、变速器输入轴和变速器输出轴，其中，变速器输入轴通过离合器与内燃机连接，电机轴与电机连接，在根据本发明的混合动力变速器中，变速器输入轴和电机轴同轴线布置，且电机轴被设计为空心轴，变速器输入轴从电机轴中穿过，其中，在电机轴上空套地设置第一齿轮，在变速器输入轴上抗扭地设置第三齿轮和第五齿轮，在第一齿轮和第三齿轮之间设置第一同步器，其中，该第一同步器能够选择性将第一齿轮与电机轴抗扭连接或者将第三齿轮与电机轴抗扭连接或者处于空挡，此外，在变速器输出轴上抗扭地设置第二齿轮，其中，第二齿轮与第一齿轮啮合，在变速器输出轴上空套地设置第四齿轮和第六齿轮，其中，第四齿轮与第三齿轮啮合，第六齿轮与第五齿轮啮合，其中，在第四齿轮和第六齿轮之间设置第二同步器，其中，第二同步器能够选择性将第四齿轮与变速器输出轴抗扭连接或者将第六齿轮与变速器输出轴抗扭连接或者处于空挡。因而，根据本发明的混合动力变速器以非常简单的结构就可实现P2模式和P3模式，并且在换挡过程中，保持扭矩不中断，即持续有扭矩输送到车轮，提高了驾驶舒适性。
根据本发明的一个优选实施方式，在变速器输出轴上抗扭地设置用于输出扭矩的输出齿轮，该输出齿轮优选与差速器的差速器齿轮啮合，从而能够将扭矩输出到差速器，并进而带动车轮。输出齿轮的位置可以根据差速器齿轮的位置来设定，从而使得整体结构更加紧凑。优选地，输出齿轮被设置在第二齿轮与第四齿轮之间，在保证紧凑结构的同时简化扭矩地传递路径。
根据本发明的另一个优选实施方式，在变速器输入轴上抗扭地设置第七齿轮和第九齿轮，在变速器输出轴上空套地设置第八齿轮和第十齿轮，其中，第七齿轮与第八齿轮啮合，第九齿轮与第十齿轮啮合，其中，在第八齿轮和第十齿轮之间设置第三同步器，其中，第三同步器能够选择性将第八齿轮与变速器输出轴抗扭连接或者将第十齿轮与变速器输出轴抗扭连接或者处于空挡。因此，为根据本发明的混合动力变速器增加了两个传动级(一个传动级为第七齿轮与第八齿轮，另一个传动级为第九齿轮和第十齿轮)，即增加了两个挡位，从而使得根据本发明的混合动力变速器在驱动模式下具有更多的挡位选择，提高了驾驶舒适性。当然，还可以考虑增加更多的传动级或者减少传动级，以适应不同的需求。
根据本发明另外的优选实施方式，混合动力车辆的离合器是干式离合器，从而能够降低结构成本并提高传动效率。另外有利地是，将离合器安置在混合动力变速器的电机的壳体内，因而能够降低结构空间并提高整体结构的集成率。
根据本发明另外的优选实施方式，混合动力变速器只具有一个电机。与具有两个电机的混合动力变速器相比，不仅降低了部件成本，而且也简化了整体结构。根据本发明的混合动力变速器只需要一个电机，即可选择性地运行P2模式或者P3模式。
所述技术问题还可以被一种混合动力车辆所解决，该混合动力车辆具有如上所述的混合动力变速器。
附图说明
下面结合附图详细阐述本发明的实施方式。附图为：
图1是根据本发明的第一实施方式的混合动力变速器的结构示意图，
图2是根据图1的混合动力变速器的在纯电动模式下的扭矩传递示意图，
图3是根据图1的混合动力变速器的在纯内燃机驱动模式下的扭矩传递示意图，
图4是根据图1的混合动力变速器的在混合动力驱动模式下的扭矩传递示意图，
图5是根据图1所示的混合动力变速器在充电模式下和能量回收模式下的扭矩传递示意图，
图6是根据图1所示的混合动力变速器在启动内燃机模式下的扭矩传递示意图，
图7是根据图1所示的混合动力变速器在不同的离合器、同步器状态下的工作模式的图表，
在附图中，相同的附图标记表示相同的或者功能相同的部件。
具体实施方式
图1示出根据本发明的实施方式的混合动力变速器的结构示意图。如图所示，根据本发明的车辆具有内燃机4，离合器6，差速器7和混合动力变速器，该混合动力变速器具有唯一的电机5，变速器输入轴1，变速器第二输出轴3(电机轴)，变速器输出轴2，第一同步器A，第二同步器B，第三同步器C以及五组齿轮对Z11-Z21、Z12-Z22、Z13-Z23、Z14-Z24以及Z15-Z25。
在本实施方式中，变速器输入轴1通过干式离合器6与内燃机4相连，电机轴3与电机5抗扭连接，其中，变速器输入轴1与电机轴3同轴线地布置，且电机轴3为空心轴，变速器输入轴1同轴地穿过电机轴3。
在电机轴3上通过轴承空套地布置第一齿轮Z11。在变速器输入轴2上，沿远离离合器6的轴向方向依次抗扭地布置有第三齿轮Z12，第五齿轮Z13，第七齿轮Z14和第九齿轮Z15，其中，在第一齿轮Z11和第三齿轮Z12之间安置第一同步器A，该第一同步器A与电机轴3抗扭连接，从而第一同步器A能够可选择地将第一齿轮Z11与电机轴3抗扭连接，或者将第三齿轮Z12与电机轴3抗扭连接，或者处于空转的空挡。因此，第一同步器A具有三个挡位，即L，N和R挡位。在第一同步器A处于L挡位时，第一齿轮Z11与电机轴3抗扭连接；在第一同步器A处于N挡位时，该同步器空转；在第一同步器A处于R挡位时，第三齿轮Z12与电机轴3抗扭连接。
在变速器输出轴2上设置分别与第一齿轮Z11，第三齿轮Z12，第五齿轮Z13，第七齿轮Z14和第九齿轮Z15啮合的第二齿轮Z21，第四齿轮Z22，第六齿轮Z23，第八齿轮Z24和第十齿轮Z25。其中，第二齿轮Z21与变速器输出轴2抗扭连接，第四齿轮Z22、第六齿轮Z23、第八齿轮Z24以及第十齿轮Z25都是空套地设置在变速器输出轴2上。在第四齿轮Z22和第六齿轮Z23之间设置第二同步器B，在第八齿轮Z24和第十齿轮Z25之间设置第三同步器C。同第一同步器A一样，第二同步器B和第三同步器C也都具有三个挡位，L，N和R挡位。在第二同步器B处于L挡位时，第四齿轮Z22与变速器输出轴2抗扭连接；在第二同步器B处于N挡位时，该同步器空转；在第二同步器B处于R挡位时，第六齿轮Z23与变速器输出轴2抗扭连接。在第三同步器C处于L挡位时，第八齿轮Z24与变速器输出轴2抗扭连接；在第三同步器C处于N挡位时，该同步器空转；在第三同步器C处于R挡位时，第十齿轮Z25与变速器输出轴2抗扭连接。
在第二齿轮Z21和第四齿轮Z22之间还设置有输出齿轮Z20，该输出齿轮Z20与变速器输出轴2抗扭连接，其能够将动力传递给差速器7，优选通过差速器齿轮Z70。当然还可以考虑将输出齿轮Z20设置在变速器输出轴2的其它位置上，只要与变速器输出轴2抗扭连接即可。可以根据整体装配需求，调整输出齿轮Z20的位置。
通过根据本实施方式的混合动力变速器的结构方式以及同步器的挡位变化，根据本发明的混合动力车辆的动力系统能够实现如下模式：
1)纯电机驱动模式，在纯电动模式下利用根据本发明的混合动力变速器能够实现5个挡位，如图2所示：
EM 1：同步器A处于L位，同步器B和C都处于N位，并且离合器6处于断开状态。电机5的扭矩从电机轴3通过齿轮对Z11-Z21被传递到变速器输出轴2上，再通过齿轮Z20将电机扭矩传递给差速器7，从而带动车轮转动。
EM 2：同步器A处于R位，同步器B处于L位，同步器C处于N位，并且离合器6处于断开状态。电机5的扭矩从电机轴3通过齿轮对Z12-Z22被传递至变速器输出轴2，再通过齿轮Z20将电机扭矩传递给差速器7，从而带动车轮转动。
EM 3：同步器A处于R位，同步器B处于R位，同步器C处于N位，并且离合器6处于断开状态。电机5的扭矩从电机轴3通过齿轮对Z13-Z23被传递至变速器输出轴2，再通过齿轮Z20将电机扭矩传递给差速器7，从而带动车轮转动。
EM 4：同步器A处于R位，同步器B处于N位，同步器C处于L位，并且离合器6处于断开状态。电机5的扭矩从电机轴3通过齿轮对Z14-Z24被传递至变速器输出轴2，再通过齿轮Z20将电机扭矩传递给差速器7，从而带动车轮转动。
EM 5：同步器A处于R位，同步器B处于N位，同步器C处于R位，并且离合器6处于断开状态。电机5的扭矩从电机轴3通过齿轮对Z15-Z25被传递至变速器输出轴2，再通过齿轮Z20将电机扭矩传递给差速器7，从而带动车轮转动。
2)纯内燃机驱动模式，在纯内燃机驱动模式下利用根据本发明的混合动力变速器能够实现4个挡位，如图3所示：
ICE 1：同步器A处于N位，同步器B处于L位，同步器C处于N位，并且离合器6闭合，电机不工作。内燃机4的扭矩从变速器输入轴1，通过齿轮对Z12-Z22被传递到变速器输出轴2，再通过齿轮Z20将内燃机扭矩传递给差速器7，从而带动车轮转动。
ICE 2：同步器A处于N位，同步器B处于R位，同步器C处于N位，并且离合器6闭合，电机不工作。内燃机4的扭矩从变速器输入轴1，通过齿轮对Z13-Z23被传递到变速器输出轴2，再通过齿轮Z20将内燃机扭矩传递给差速器7，从而带动车轮转动。
ICE 3：同步器A处于N位，同步器B处于N位，同步器C处于L位，并且离合器6闭合，电机不工作。内燃机4的扭矩从变速器输入轴1，通过齿轮对Z14-Z24被传递到变速器输出轴2，再通过齿轮Z20将内燃机扭矩传递给差速器7，从而带动车轮转动。
ICE 4：同步器A处于N位，同步器B处于N位，同步器C处于R位，并且离合器6闭合，电机不工作。内燃机4的扭矩从变速器输入轴1，通过齿轮对Z15-Z25被传递到变速器输出轴2，再通过齿轮Z20将内燃机扭矩传递给差速器7，从而带动车轮转动。
3)混合动力驱动模式，即内燃机4和电机5都会提供动力，在混合动力驱动模式下利用根据本发明的混合动力变速器能够实现8个挡位，如图4所示：
EM1+ICE1：同步器A处于L位，同步器B处于L位，同步器C处于N位，并且离合器K0闭合。内燃机4的扭矩从变速器输入轴1，通过齿轮对Z12-Z22被传递到变速器输出轴2；电机5的扭矩从电机轴3通过齿轮对Z11-Z21被传递到变速器输出轴2上。从而通过内燃机4和电机5的动力耦合带动齿轮Z20将扭矩传递给差速器7，进而带动车轮转动。
EM1+ICE2：同步器A处于L位，同步器B处于R位，同步器C处于N位，并且离合器K0闭合。内燃机4的扭矩从变速器输入轴1，通过齿轮对Z13-Z23被传递到变速器输出轴2；电机5的扭矩从电机轴3通过齿轮对Z11-Z21被传递到变速器输出轴2上。从而通过内燃机4和电机5的动力耦合带动齿轮Z20将扭矩传递给差速器7，进而带动车轮转动。
EM1+ICE3：同步器A处于L位，同步器B处于N位，同步器C处于L位，并且离合器K0闭合。内燃机4的扭矩从变速器输入轴1，通过齿轮对Z14-Z24被传递到变速器输出轴2；电机5的扭矩从电机轴3通过齿轮对Z11-Z21被传递到变速器输出轴2上。从而通过内燃机4和电机5的动力耦合带动齿轮Z20将扭矩传递给差速器7，进而带动车轮转动。
EM1+ICE4：同步器A处于L位，同步器B处于N位，同步器C处于R位，并且离合器K0闭合。内燃机4的扭矩从变速器输入轴1，通过齿轮对Z15-Z25被传递到变速器输出轴2；电机5的扭矩从电机轴3通过齿轮对Z11-Z21被传递到变速器输出轴2上。从而通过内燃机4和电机5的动力耦合带动齿轮Z20将扭矩传递给差速器7，进而带动车轮转动。
EM2+ICE1：同步器A处于R位，同步器B处于L位，同步器C处于N位，并且离合器K0闭合。内燃机4的扭矩从变速器输入轴1，通过齿轮对Z12-Z22被传递到变速器输出轴2；电机5的扭矩从电机轴3也通过齿轮对Z12-Z21被传递到变速器输出轴2上。从而通过内燃机4和电机5的动力耦合带动齿轮Z20将扭矩传递给差速器7，进而带动车轮转动。
EM3+ICE2：同步器A处于R位，同步器B处于R位，同步器C处于N位，并且离合器K0闭合。内燃机4的扭矩从变速器输入轴1，通过齿轮对Z13-Z23被传递到变速器输出轴2；电机5的扭矩从电机轴3也通过齿轮对Z13-Z23被传递到变速器输出轴2上。从而通过内燃机4和电机5的动力耦合带动齿轮Z20将扭矩传递给差速器7，进而带动车轮转动。
EM4+ICE3：同步器A处于R位，同步器B处于N位，同步器C处于L位，并且离合器K0闭合。内燃机4的扭矩从变速器输入轴1，通过齿轮对Z14-Z24被传递到变速器输出轴2；电机5的扭矩从电机轴3也通过齿轮对Z14-Z24被传递到变速器输出轴2上。从而通过内燃机4和电机5的动力耦合带动齿轮Z20将扭矩传递给差速器7，进而带动车轮转动。
EM5+ICE4：同步器A处于R位，同步器B处于N位，同步器C处于R位，并且离合器K0闭合。内燃机4的扭矩从变速器输入轴1，通过齿轮对Z15-Z25被传递到变速器输出轴2；电机5的扭矩从电机轴3也通过齿轮对Z15-Z25被传递到变速器输出轴2上。从而通过内燃机4和电机5的动力耦合带动齿轮Z20将扭矩传递给差速器7，进而带动车轮转动。
4)充电模式：如图5所示，同步器A处于R位，同步器B处于N位，同步器C处于N位，并且离合器K0闭合。内燃机4的扭矩经过变速器输入轴1、齿轮Z11、第一同步器A被传递到电机轴1，从而将机械能转换为电能，并且储存在例如蓄电池的储能元件中，实现充电功能。
5)能量回收模式：如图5所示，能量回收过程与纯电机驱动过程是相反的过程，所以同步器连接方式与纯电机驱动模式是相同的。在能量回收模式下，电机不提供转矩，扭矩由车轮传向变速器输出轴在通过齿轮组Z21-Z11带动电机轴，或者通过齿轮组Z22-Z12或者Z23-Z13或者Z24-Z14或者Z25-Z15带动变速器输入轴，在通过同步器A带动电机轴，从而将机械能转换为电能，并且储存在例如蓄电池的储能元件中，实现能量回收功能。
6)启动内燃机模式：如图6所示，在根据本发明的技术方案中包括两个启动内燃机模式：启动内燃机模式1和启动内燃机模式2，在每个模式下都能分别实现4个挡位的变化。
启动内燃机模式1：同步器A处于R位，同步器B处于L位或R位，同步器C处于N位，或者同步器A处于R位，同步器B处于N位，同步器C处于L位或R位，并且离合器K0闭合。电机5提供扭矩，经同步器A传递给变速器输入轴，再通过离合器K0传递给内燃机，从而转动内燃机以启动内燃机；同时，变速器输入轴可以通过齿轮组Z12-Z22或者Z13-Z23或者Z14-Z24或者Z15-Z25带动变速器输出轴，从而带动车轮转动，从而使得在启动内燃机时车辆不会失去动力。
启动内燃机模式2：同步器A处于L位，同步器B处于L位或R位，同步器C处于N位，或者同步器A处于L位，同步器B处于N位，同步器C处于L位或R位，并且离合器K0闭合。电机5提供扭矩，经同步器A传递给齿轮对Z11-Z21，从而带动变速器输出轴，随后通过齿轮组Z22-Z12或者Z23-Z13或者Z24-Z14或者Z25-Z15带动变速器输入轴，最后通过离合器K0传递给内燃机，从而转动内燃机以启动内燃机；同时，变速器输出轴能够通过齿轮组Z20-Z70带动车轮转动，从而使得在启动内燃机时车辆不会失去动力。
通过图7所示的表格，能够清楚地看出在离合器和同步器在不同状态下变速器的工作模式，其中，电机和内燃机的工作状态被标为灰色，离合器接合状态被标为灰色，同步器所选的挡位被标为灰色。
根据本发明设计的混合动力驱动系统在同步器的切换下既可实现P2模式也可实现P3模式，而且只需要一个电机，大大降低了成本。在纯内燃机运行模式下，能够实现4个挡位，在纯电机运行模式下5个挡位，在混合动力模式下能够实现8个挡位，因此很好的满足了车辆在不同工况下的行驶要求。在进行挡位切换时，车辆仍会得到扭矩补偿，提高了换挡平顺性，从而提高了驾驶舒适性。
虽然在上述说明中示例性地描述了可能的实施例，但是应该理解到，仍然通过所有已知的和此外技术人员容易想到的技术特征和实施方式的组合存在大量实施例的变化。此外还应该理解到，示例性的实施方式仅仅作为一个例子，这种实施例绝不以任何形式限制本发明的保护范围、应用和构造。通过前述说明更多地是向技术人员提供一种用于转化至少一个示例性实施方式的技术指导，其中，只要不脱离权利要求书的保护范围，便可以进行各种改变，尤其是关于所述部件的功能和结构方面的改变。
附图标记列表
1 变速器输入轴
2 变速器输出轴
3 电机轴
4 内燃机
5 电机
6 离合器
7 差速器
Z11 第一齿轮
Z21 第二齿轮
Z12 第三齿轮
Z22 第四齿轮
Z13 第五齿轮
Z23 第六齿轮
Z14 第七齿轮
Z24 第八齿轮
Z15 第九齿轮
Z25 第十齿轮
Z20 输出齿轮
Z70 差速器齿轮
A 第一同步器
B 第二同步器
C 第三同步器
K0 离合器

Claims (8)

1.一种用于混合动力车辆的混合动力变速器，所述混合动力变速器包括电机(5)、电机轴(3)、变速器输入轴(1)和变速器输出轴(2)，其中，所述变速器输入轴(1)通过离合器(K0)与内燃机(4)连接，所述电机轴(3)与所述电机(5)连接，
其特征在于，
所述变速器输入轴(1)和所述电机轴(3)同轴线布置，且所述电机轴(3)被设计为空心轴，所述变速器输入轴(1)从所述电机轴(3)中穿过，其中，在所述电机轴(3)上空套地设置第一齿轮(Z11)，在所述变速器输入轴(1)上抗扭地设置第三齿轮(Z12)和第五齿轮(Z13)，在所述第一齿轮(Z11)和所述第三齿轮(Z12)之间设置第一同步器(A)，其中，所述第一同步器(A)能够选择性将所述第一齿轮(Z11)与所述电机轴(3)抗扭连接或者将所述第三齿轮(Z12)与所述电机轴(3)抗扭连接或者处于空挡，
在所述变速器输出轴(2)上抗扭地设置第二齿轮(Z21)，其中，所述第二齿轮(Z21)与所述第一齿轮(Z11)啮合，在所述变速器输出轴(2)上空套地设置第四齿轮(Z22)和第六齿轮(Z23)，其中，所述第四齿轮(Z22)与所述第三齿轮(Z12)啮合，所述第六齿轮(Z23)与所述第五齿轮(Z13)啮合，其中，在所述第四齿轮(Z22)和所述第六齿轮(Z23)之间设置第二同步器(B)，其中，所述第二同步器(B)能够选择性将所述第四齿轮(Z22)与所述变速器输出轴(2)抗扭连接或者将所述第六齿轮(Z23)与所述变速器输出轴(2)抗扭连接或者处于空挡。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力变速器，其特征在于，在所述变速器输出轴(2)上抗扭地设置用于输出扭矩的输出齿轮(Z20)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力变速器，其特征在于，所述输出齿轮(Z20)被设置在所述第二齿轮(Z21)与所述第四齿轮(Z22)之间。
4.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力变速器，其特征在于，在所述变速器输入轴(1)上抗扭地设置第七齿轮(Z14)和第九齿轮(Z15)，在所述变速器输出轴(2)上空套地设置第八齿轮(Z24)和第十齿轮(Z25)，其中，所述第七齿轮(Z14)与所述第八齿轮(Z24)啮合，所述第九齿轮(Z15)与所述第十齿轮(Z25)啮合，其中，在所述第八齿轮(Z24)和所述第十齿轮(Z25)之间设置第三同步器(C)，其中，所述第三同步器(C)能够选择性将所述第八齿轮(Z24)与所述变速器输出轴(2)抗扭连接或者将所述第十齿轮(Z25)与所述变速器输出轴(2)抗扭连接或者处于空挡。
5.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力变速器，其特征在于，所述离合器(K0)是干式离合器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力变速器，其特征在于，所述离合器(K0)被安置在所述电机(5)的壳体内。
7.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力变速器，其特征在于，所述混合动力变速器只具有一个电机(5)。
8.一种混合动力车辆，其特征在于，所述混合动力车辆具有根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的混合动力变速器。
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