CN112136642A - Seedling raising substrate containing fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straws and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Seedling raising substrate containing fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straws and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112136642A CN112136642A CN202010798727.4A CN202010798727A CN112136642A CN 112136642 A CN112136642 A CN 112136642A CN 202010798727 A CN202010798727 A CN 202010798727A CN 112136642 A CN112136642 A CN 112136642A
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- fermented
- seedling
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- vegetable liquid
- straws
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/60—Apparatus for preparing growth substrates or culture media
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling raising substrate containing fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straws, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of fermented vegetable liquid, 30-45 parts of fermented crop straw powder, 10-20 parts of fermented oil-pressing cake meal, 0.1-1.0 part of composite bacterial powder, 0.1-1.0 part of nano carbon powder, 0.2-2.0 parts of attapulgite, 0.001-0.02 part of composite vitamin B and 0.5-2.0 parts of starch binder; and provides a preparation method and application thereof. The main components of the seedling substrate are fermented vegetable liquid, crop straws and oil pressing cake pulp, and the seedling substrate can be pressed into a degradable seedling nutrition pot, so that the problems of environmental pollution and pot-removing transplantation existing in seedling plastic pots and paper pots are solved, and the problems of recycling of a large amount of vegetable tails and plant straws and environmental pollution caused by the vegetable tails are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural production, and particularly relates to a seedling culture substrate containing fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straws, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the gradual increase of the dosage of the substrate in agricultural production, the dosage of the grass peat used as the substrate for vegetable seedling and flower cultivation is very large. However, the grass peat is formed by the sedimentation and transformation of grass for thousands of years, belongs to a non-renewable resource, and the grass peat resource is gradually reduced. Meanwhile, with the rapid development of the vegetable industry, a large amount of vegetable tails are accumulated in the field and need to be treated urgently, otherwise, the waste vegetable leaves are naturally fermented, rotted and deteriorated, and serious environmental pollution is easily caused. Through long-time research, the straws can be prepared into good seedling culture medium and culture medium through crushing and fermentation, and can be used for replacing increasingly exhausted grass carbon resources. Moreover, with the implementation of returning back to the forest, the seedling planting industry is rapidly developed, the industrial seedling raising industry is rapidly developed, and a large amount of large-scale seedling raising equipment is urgently needed in the market. At present, the traditional plastic film pot is mostly adopted for seedling culture, and has the advantages of light weight, low cost and the like, and also has the defects of air impermeability, poor water dispersing property, unfavorable root growth, incapability of degrading residual films and polluting the environment, easiness in damaging the root system during pot removal and transplantation, influence on survival rate and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a seedling substrate containing fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straws, which aims to solve the defects of seedling plastic pots and paper pots in the prior art, solve the problem of recycling of a large amount of waste of vegetable tails and plant straws and solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by the vegetable tails.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the seedling substrate.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the seedling raising substrate.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a seedling raising substrate containing fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straws is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
15-25 parts of fermented vegetable liquid, 30-45 parts of fermented crop straw powder, 10-20 parts of fermented oil-pressing cake meal, 0.1-1.0 part of composite bacterial powder, 0.1-1.0 part of nano carbon powder, 0.2-2.0 parts of attapulgite, 0.001-0.02 part of composite vitamin B and 0.5-2.0 parts of starch binder.
Preferably, the fermented vegetable liquid comprises one or more of fermented cabbage leaves, Chinese cabbage leaves and cauliflower leaves.
Preferably, the fermented crop straw powder comprises one or more of fermented perilla straw powder, corn straw powder and chenopodium quinoa straw powder.
Preferably, the fermented oil cake comprises one or more of fermented linseed cake, fermented perilla seed cake and fermented olive cake.
Preferably, the composite bacterial powder comprises paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus bulgaricus and aspergillus niger, wherein the bacterial contents of the paecilomyces lilacinus, the bacillus subtilis, the lactobacillus bulgaricus and the aspergillus niger are 1.0, 1.5-2.0 and 2.0-3.0 hundred million/g respectively.
Preferably, the starch binder is phosphate starch: acetate starch in a weight ratio of 1:0.5 to 1.0.
According to the preparation method of the seedling substrate containing the fermented vegetable liquid and the fermented straws, after the vegetables are pulped, under the condition of the temperature of 25-32 ℃, cellulose-decomposing enzyme accounting for 0.1-1.0% of the weight of the vegetables and protease accounting for 0.2-1.5% of the weight of the vegetables are added for anaerobic fermentation, and the fermentation time is 10-25 days, so that the fermented vegetable liquid is obtained; adding cellulose-decomposing enzyme which is 0.1-1.5% of the weight of the crop straw powder into the 20-30-mesh crop straw powder at the temperature of 28-32 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation for 15-30 days to obtain fermented crop straw powder; adding protease and pectinase, wherein the weight of the protease is 0.1-1.5% of that of the oil pressing cake and the pectinase is 0.1-2.5% of that of the oil pressing cake, and performing anaerobic fermentation at the temperature of 28-32 ℃ for 10-20 days to obtain fermented oil pressing cake;
weighing the fermented vegetable liquid, the fermented crop straw powder, the fermented oil-pressing cake meal, the composite bacteria powder, the nano carbon powder, the attapulgite, the composite vitamin B and the starch binder according to the weight, mixing the materials, adding the starch binder during mixing, controlling the water content to be 10-30% by using water, and uniformly stirring to prepare the seedling culture substrate.
The seedling substrate is applied to the preparation of seedling nutrition bowls.
Further, feeding the seedling substrate into a nutrition pot making machine for pressing and forming to obtain the seedling nutrition pot.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the seedling substrate provided by the invention mainly comprises fermented vegetable liquid, crop straws and oil-pressing cakes, can be pressed into degradable seedling nutrition bowls, solves the problems of environmental pollution and bowl-removing transplantation existing in seedling plastic bowls and paper bowls, and also solves the problem of recycling of a large amount of vegetables and plant straws and the problem of environmental pollution caused by vegetables and tails.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and is in no way intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
A method for preparing a seedling culture substrate by fermenting vegetable liquid and fermented straw powder and a seedling culture nutrition pot prepared by the method comprise the following steps:
for example per 100 kg of fermentation material. Pulping cabbage leaves, adding 1 kg of cellulolytic enzyme and 0.2 kg of protease at 25 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation for 10 days. Adding 0.1 kg of cellulose-decomposing enzyme into 30-mesh perilla straw powder at the temperature of 32 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation for 15 days. 30-mesh oil-pressed linseed cake is added with 1.5 kg of protease and 0.1 kg of pectinase for anaerobic fermentation at the temperature of 28 ℃, and the fermentation time is 20 days.
Weighing 25 parts of fermented cabbage leaf vegetable liquid, 30 parts of fermented perilla straw powder, 10 parts of fermented oil-pressed linseed cake meal, 0.1 part of composite bacteria powder, 1.0 part of nano carbon powder, 0.2 part of attapulgite, 0.5 part of starch binder and 0.02 part of vitamin B complex by weight, mixing the materials, adding the starch binder during mixing, controlling the water content to be 30% by water, mixing and stirring uniformly to prepare the seedling culture substrate. The starch binder consists of phosphate starch and acetate starch in a weight ratio of 1:0.5, and the composite bacterial powder is paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus bulgaricus and aspergillus niger with bacterial contents of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 hundred million/g respectively.
The seedling substrate can be continuously sent into a nutrition pot making machine for pressing and forming. The pressure intensity can be determined according to the seedling type, generally, the vegetable seedling is small, the root system is weak, so the intensity of the seedling pot wall is not too high, and the pressure is low; if the pot is used for seedling breeding, higher pressure is needed, so that the wall of the seedling pot has higher strength and can withstand transportation and handling for a longer time.
And (5) naturally airing the pot body after demolding or drying the pot body by a heat pump until the water content is lower than 15%, thus obtaining the finished seedling culture nutrition pot.
Example 2
A method for preparing a seedling culture substrate by fermenting vegetable liquid and fermented straw powder and a seedling culture nutrition pot prepared by the method comprise the following steps:
take for example 100 kg of fermentation raw material per production. Pulping Chinese cabbage leaves, adding 0.5 kg of cellulolytic enzyme and 1.0 kg of protease at 28 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation for 20 days. The 20-mesh corn straw powder is added with 1.0 kg of cellulose decomposition enzyme for anaerobic fermentation at the temperature of 30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 20 days. Perilla seed cake with 40 meshes for oil extraction is added with 1.2 kg of protease and 1.5 kg of pectinase for anaerobic fermentation at the temperature of 30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 18 days.
Weighing 20 parts of fermented Chinese cabbage leaf vegetable liquid, 35 parts of fermented corn straw powder, 15 parts of fermented oil-pressing perilla seed cakes, 0.5 part of composite bacteria powder, 0.6 part of nano carbon powder, 1.0 part of attapulgite, 1.5 parts of starch binder and 0.01 part of composite vitamin B according to weight, mixing the materials, adding the starch binder during mixing, controlling the water content to be 25% by using water, mixing and stirring uniformly to prepare the seedling culture substrate. The starch binder consists of phosphate starch and acetate starch in a weight ratio of 1:0.8, and the composite bacterial powder is paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus bulgaricus and aspergillus niger with bacterial contents of 1.0, 1.8 and 2.5 hundred million/g respectively.
The seedling substrate can be continuously sent into a nutrition pot making machine for pressing and forming. The pressure intensity can be determined according to the seedling type, generally, the vegetable seedling is small, the root system is weak, so the intensity of the seedling pot wall is not too high, and the pressure is low; if the pot is used for seedling breeding, higher pressure is needed, so that the wall of the seedling pot has higher strength and can withstand transportation and handling for a longer time.
And (5) naturally airing the pot body after demolding or drying the pot body by a heat pump until the water content is lower than 15%, thus obtaining the finished seedling culture nutrition pot.
Example 3
A method for preparing a seedling culture substrate by fermenting vegetable liquid and fermented straw powder and a seedling culture nutrition pot prepared by the method comprise the following steps:
for example, per 100 kg of fermentation material. Pulping cauliflower leaves, and adding 0.1 kg of cellulolytic enzyme and 1.5 kg of protease at the temperature of 32 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation for 25 days. The quinoa straw powder of 25 meshes is added with 1.5 kg of cellulose decomposition enzyme for anaerobic fermentation at the temperature of 28 ℃, and the fermentation time is 30 days. 50-mesh oil-pressing olive cake pulp is added with 0.1 kg of protease and 2.5 kg of pectinase for anaerobic fermentation at the temperature of 28 ℃, and the fermentation time is 15 days.
Weighing 15 parts of fermented cauliflower leaf vegetable liquid, 45 parts of fermented crop quinoa straw powder, 20 parts of fermented oil-pressing olive cake meal, 1.0 part of composite bacteria powder, 0.1 part of nano carbon powder, 2.0 parts of attapulgite, 2.0 parts of starch binder and 0.001 part of vitamin B complex by weight, mixing the materials, adding the starch binder during mixing, controlling the water content to be 10% by water, mixing and stirring uniformly to prepare the seedling culture substrate. The starch binder consists of phosphate starch and acetate starch in a weight ratio of 1:1.0, and the composite bacterial powder is paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus bulgaricus and aspergillus niger with bacterial contents of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 hundred million/g respectively.
The seedling substrate can be continuously sent into a nutrition pot making machine for pressing and forming. The pressure intensity can be determined according to the seedling type, generally, the vegetable seedling is small, the root system is weak, so the intensity of the seedling pot wall is not too high, and the pressure is low; if the pot is used for seedling breeding, higher pressure is needed, so that the wall of the seedling pot has higher strength and can withstand transportation and handling for a longer time.
And (5) naturally airing the pot body after demolding or drying the pot body by a heat pump until the water content is lower than 15%, thus obtaining the finished seedling culture nutrition pot.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A seedling substrate containing fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straws is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
15-25 parts of fermented vegetable liquid, 30-45 parts of fermented crop straw powder, 10-20 parts of fermented oil-pressing cake meal, 0.1-1.0 part of composite bacterial powder, 0.1-1.0 part of nano carbon powder, 0.2-2.0 parts of attapulgite, 0.001-0.02 part of composite vitamin B and 0.5-2.0 parts of starch binder.
2. A seedling substrate comprising fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straws as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fermented vegetable liquid comprises one or more of fermented cabbage leaves, Chinese cabbage leaves and cauliflower leaves.
3. A seedling raising substrate comprising fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straw according to claim 1, wherein the fermented crop straw powder comprises one or more of fermented perilla straw powder, corn straw powder and chenopodium quinoa straw powder.
4. A seedling raising substrate containing fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straws as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fermented oil cake includes one or more of fermented flaxseed cake, perilla seed cake and olive cake.
5. A seedling raising substrate containing fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straws as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite bacterial powder comprises paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Aspergillus niger with bacterial contents of 1.0, 1.5-2.0 and 2.0-3.0 hundred million/g respectively.
6. A seedling substrate comprising fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straws as claimed in claim 1, wherein the starch binder is phosphate starch: acetate starch in a weight ratio of 1:0.5 to 1.0.
7. A preparation method of a seedling raising substrate containing fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straws as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that after pulping vegetables, adding 0.1 to 1.0% of cellulolytic enzyme and 0.2 to 1.5% of protease based on the weight of the vegetables at a temperature of 25 to 32 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation for 10 to 25 days to obtain fermented vegetable liquid; adding cellulose-decomposing enzyme which is 0.1-1.5% of the weight of the crop straw powder into the 20-30-mesh crop straw powder at the temperature of 28-32 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation for 15-30 days to obtain fermented crop straw powder; adding protease and pectinase, wherein the weight of the protease is 0.1-1.5% of that of the oil pressing cake and the pectinase is 0.1-2.5% of that of the oil pressing cake, and performing anaerobic fermentation at the temperature of 28-32 ℃ for 10-20 days to obtain fermented oil pressing cake;
weighing the fermented vegetable liquid, the fermented crop straw powder, the fermented oil-pressing cake meal, the composite bacteria powder, the nano carbon powder, the attapulgite, the composite vitamin B and the starch binder according to the weight, mixing the materials, adding the starch binder during mixing, controlling the water content to be 10-30% by using water, and uniformly stirring to prepare the seedling culture substrate.
8. Use of a seedling raising substrate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 in the manufacture of a seedling raising nutrition pot.
9. The application of the method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the seedling raising substrate is fed into a nutrition pot making machine for pressing and forming to obtain the seedling raising nutrition pot.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010798727.4A CN112136642A (en) | 2020-08-11 | 2020-08-11 | Seedling raising substrate containing fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straws and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010798727.4A CN112136642A (en) | 2020-08-11 | 2020-08-11 | Seedling raising substrate containing fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straws and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN112136642A true CN112136642A (en) | 2020-12-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010798727.4A Pending CN112136642A (en) | 2020-08-11 | 2020-08-11 | Seedling raising substrate containing fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straws and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112790085A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-05-14 | 四川大学青岛研究院 | Method for preparing seedling culture substrate by utilizing waste cabbage leaves and enteromorpha |
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| CN112790085A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-05-14 | 四川大学青岛研究院 | Method for preparing seedling culture substrate by utilizing waste cabbage leaves and enteromorpha |
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Application publication date: 20201229 |